female genital mutilation in the eu: estimating girls at risk · good practices, awareness raising...
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Female genital mutilation in the EU: estimating girls at risk
Jurgita Peciuriene, 3 September 2019, Oslo
EIGE’s work on gender-based
violence
COSTS OF GENDER-
BASED VIOLENCE
Gender Equality
Index DOMAIN OF VIOLENCE
ADMINISTRA-TIVE DATA
SOURCES
GAPS
RAPE
IPV
FEMICIDE
GENDER STATISTICS,
RESEARCH,
METHODS, TOOLS,
GOOD PRACTICES,
AWARENESS RAISING
COSTS OF GENDER-
BASED VIOLENCE
Gender Equality
Index DOMAIN OF VIOLENCE
FEMALE GENITAL
MUTILATION
ADMINIS-TRATIVE
DATA
TERMINOLOGY &
INDICATORSANALYSIS OF
ANTI-TRAFFICKING AND VICTIMS’
RIGHTS DIRECTIVES
EU COUNTRY
FACT-SHEETS
RISK ASSESSMENT OF INTIMATE
PARTNERVIOLENCE
Female genital mutilation
A severe form of gender-
based violence, leaving
deep physical and
psychological scars on the
lives of victims around the
world.
A violent form of
subordination of women
and girls standing in gross
contradiction to the
principles of gender
equality.
©DaxiaoProductions/Shutterstock.com
EU framework in place
Key instruments on combating
female genital mutilation in the European Union
Parliament Resolution
on zero tolerance for
FGM 8/02/2018
CommissionCommunication
Towards the elimination of
FGMCOM (2013)833
Istanbul Convention
CETS No.210
Victims’ RightsDirective
2012/29/EU
European Union
Externalaction
CommonEuropean Asylum
SystemDirectives
CEAS
Supporting policies
Accurate data to estimate FGM
risk
Repeated estimations over time
Better informed policy measures
Targeted prevention in the EU
EIGE’s work on female genital
mutilation
EU wide mapping 2013
Good practices 2013
Country factsheets 2013
Risk estimations 2015
Methodo-logy 2015
Risk estimations 2018European
Commission request
2014European CommisionCommunication
EIGE’s Strategic Framework on Violence against women
Country factsheets 2018
Methodology
2018
Proportions of girls at risk
6 – 17 % at risk of FGM
Germany
3 – 19 % at risk of FGM
1 – 11 %at risk of FGM
5 – 23 % at risk of FGM
Ireland Portugal
Sweden
Girls are at risk
IE 14 577 girls, 1-11% at riskPT 5 835 girls, 5-23% at risk 2015SE 59 409 girls, 3-19% at risk
2017 DE 25 325 girls, 6-17% at risk
BE 22 544 girls, 16-27% at risk EL 1 787 girls, 25-42% at riskFR 205 683 girls, 12-21% at risk IT 76 040 girls, 15-24% at risk CY 758 girls, 12-17% at risk 2018MT485 girls, 39-57% at risk
2018 FI 3 000 girls 2019 NL 4 190 girls
CZ
AT
EE
LV
LT
PLDE
HUSI HR
IEUK NL
BE
ES
PT
IT
RO
BG
EL
MT CY
DK
FR
FI
SE
LU
How does EIGE estimate risk?
Further refined in 2018 New migration patterns Sensitivity of the matter
Prevalence rate of FGM in
practising countries
Migrant population (0-18) in
an EU country
Extrapolation
Focus group discussions with migrant communities in EU
Travelling to country of origin major risk factor ‘Opportunity to cut’ in EU differs from country of origin
Proportions at risk
7%16%
8%25%
5%12%
5%15%
4%12%
10%39%
1%
5%
3%
8%
23%27%
43%42%
14%21%
20%24%
13%17%
38%57%
11%
23%
19%
21%
Belgium (2011); N=14815Belgium (2016); N=22544
Greece (2011); N=1896Greece (2016); N=1787
France (2011); N=41552France (2014); N=205683
Italy (2011); N=59720Italy (2016); N=76040
Cyprus (2011); N=758Cyprus (2011); N=758
Malta (2011); N=486Malta (2011); N=486
Ireland (2011); N=14577
Portugal (2011); N=5835
Sweden (2011); N=59409
Germany (2015); N=19630
Comparable year 2011: original methodology (EIGE, 2015)Latest available year: refined methdology (EIGE, 2018; Integra, 2017)
Understanding the practice in the
EU
• Social pressure• Cultural beliefs and
traditions• Purity and aesthetics
• Criminalisation• Awareness campaigns• Stigmatisation• Health consequences
Discouragingfactors
Motivatingfactors
Traveling to the country of origin =major risk factor
Recommendations
Ways forward for the EU
©Amelia Fox/Shutterstock.com
Ratify the Istanbul Convention
A gender-sensitive Common
European Asylum System (CEAS)
External actions to prevent female
genital mutilation
Incentive through EU integration
Strategies
Let’s talk
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