fee2006 perugia [email protected] politecnico di milano & infn a cmos circuit for silicon...
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FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
A CMOS circuit for Silicon Drift Detectors readoutin exotic atom research
L. Bombelli, C. Fiorini, T. Frizzi, A. LongoniPolitecnico di Milano and INFN, Milano, Italy
Work supported by Italian INFN and EC (SIDDHARTA project)
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
What it as ‘exotic’ atom?
pp
e-e-KK--
KK--
pp
n=25n=25
n=2n=2
n=1n=1
2p->1s (K2p->1s (K))
X ray of interestX ray of interest
n=1n=1
Hydrogen atomHydrogen atom Kaonic HydrogenKaonic Hydrogen
.m.es1p2
measureds1p2 EE
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
Main measurement issues:- peak stability (< 1‰)- E resolution (< 150eV FWHM)- background suppression by triggering with Kaon monitor
Shift ε = ≈ 300eV
Width Г= ≈ 450eV
(DEAR experiment)
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
Frascati-LNF-INFN DAFNE collider
The Siddharta collaboration:LNF-INFN Frascati, ItalyMPI, PNSensor Munich, GermanyPolitecnico–INFN Milano, ItalyIMEP Wien, AustriaIFIN-HH Bucarest, Romania...
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
3 SDD (1cm2 each) with on-chip JFET and feedback cap
detector+readout module
SDD board
readout board
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
Shaper
BaselineHolder
Pole-zero
CHANNEL 1
CHANNEL 2
CHANNEL 8
SHIFT REGISTERthreshold and kill channel programming
MUX8:1
FIFO
Preamp
AnalogDifferential
Output Buffer
Positive out
Negative out
LT 1Data in
CK_D
Gain setting Peaking time setting
SDD Array
8 channel ASIC
Drain control
ChannelLogic
rese
t
Peak
detect.
LT1
AddressEncoder
8
clock
ACK
LT 2
LT 8 LTReal time
trigger
Peak Stretcher
OtherLogic HT
Out of rangeInformation
Chip architecture
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
• 8 analog channels
• Charge amplifier
• Shaper (3us, 1.5us, 750ns, 680ns)
• Fast Shaper & PileUp Rejector
• BLH
• Peak Stretcher
• LT and HT triggers
• Digital section
• Address
• LT (real time)
• Differential Analog MUX
• Acknowledge input
Features
33mm2, AMS 0.35m
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
channel e-
h+
driftingelectronsmultiplication region
channel (n)
deep guard (p) bulk (n)
back electrode (p+)symmetryaxis
gate (p+)source (n+)
guard (p+)
anode (n+)drain (n+)
h+
-AI0
Isignal
CF
Rg
Preout
C1R1
A1
Cgd
Detector chip
high-freq.loop
low-freq.loop
“Drain feedback” Charge Preamplifier configuration
Rg: dynamic resistance
of the ‘weak’ avalanchereset mechanism
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
Preamplifier response well approximated by a single pole:
1
111
g
in
0
A
CRsK1
1
A
R
I
V
-AI0
Isignal
CF
Rg
Preout
C1R1
A1
Cgd
high-freq.loop
low-freq.loop
• decay independent from Rg, therefore from leakage+signal current
• Pole/Zero compensation possible by means of A1 (exploited in the chip)
K = Cf
Cgd
decay = K A1
R1C1
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
The CMOS implementation
-AI0
Shaper
Isignal
CF
Rg
Preout
C1
Detectorchip
Gm
RA
R1
RZ
CZ
gain adjustabletransconductanceamplifier
Ibuf
CMOS chip
Cgd
15 V compatible devices in the 3.3V-0.35m
voltage gain A1 = GmR1
= K C1 R1
GmR1K = Cf
Cgd
adjustment of the decay time
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
The main amplifier
voltage gain = gmJFET·RA > 5000 RA ~ 10M
1:
1:
ICON
IR IR/
R
Iout=IR/A
IR
VOUTRA = R·
ICONI in
I0
VOUT = Iin·R·
RA = R·
low-noisecurrent de-multiplier
R.L. Chase, et al., NIM A409,1998 C. Fiorini, M. Porro, IEEE TNS, 2004
-AI0
Isignal
CFPreout
RAIbuf
gmVin
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
The adjustable pole-zero network
RZCZ = preamplifier
fixed adjustable
-AI0
Isignal
CFPreout
RAIbuf
ShaperRZ
CZ
R
Iout=IR/VOUT/R
A
IR
VOUT
I in
I0
CZ
which is already available in the transimpedance stage and need just tobe duplicated and sentto the shaper
the role of RZ is to providea current
not preciselyknown a priori
IS=VOUT/RZ
IS
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
Implemented baseline holder (BLH)
-AI0
Shaper
Isignal
CF
Rg
Preout
C1
Gm
RA
R1
RZ
CZIbuf
Vdrain
Ireset
• The JFET Drain voltage drifts due to changes of the reset current
• Drain, preamplifier output, shaper output are all DC coupled
• Required Drain DC shifts are provided by the BLH whose extended action back to the preamplifier stabilize also this last one
• Low-pass filter guarantees unchanged signal processing
Vbaseline
CB
RB
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
preamplifierRz
Cz
C
Req
6th order unipolar shaping
The shaping amplifier
shaper
preamplifier
4 selectable peaking times(0.6-0.75-1.5-3s)
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
Experimental results
SDD detectors
Siddharta CHIP
Analog output
Digital output
8 channel input
Preout
Cstray
Cload = Cstray (~10pF)
Cload = Cstray +33pF
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
external continuous control of the decay time of the preamplifier…
1.8V
… and of the pole-zero adjustment of the shaper waveform
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
Temperature: -20°C
5mm2 SDD
Spectroscopy measurements
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
Integral non- linearity error at the Multiplexer output within ±0.1% in the 2-20keV range
Linearity
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
Multiplexer logic
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
0
0
0
0
0
1
1° event amplitude (on channel 0)
2° event (on Channel 4)
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1° event amplitude (on channel 0)
2° event (on Channel 4)
amplitude out ofrange:- amplitude discarded- event occurrence and address both recorded
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
two photons detected by 2° fast shaper
this events are directly rejected inside the chip
Pile-up rejection
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
20ns
OUT+
LT
ACK
Different events close occurring on different channels
lost events occurring on different channels at a rateof 100kcounts/s/channel:~ 3% (foreseen)
(to be compared with about>5% pile-up rejection on each single channel)
FEE2006 Perugia [email protected] di Milano & INFN
Conclusions
• A 8 channels prototype of CMOS readout chip for the Siddharta experiment with pre-shaper, fast MUX readout, channel address and timing signals has been developed and tested
• Functionalities and noise performances are satisfactory
• Deeper tests are on the way at LNL-INFN and installation in the experiment is foreseen in early 2007