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Chapter 11 QuizChapter 11 Quiz

Define the termsDefine the terms1.1. Renewable resourcesRenewable resources2.2. Placer depositsPlacer deposits3.3. Crude oilCrude oil4.4. PetrochemicalPetrochemical5.5. Fossil fuelsFossil fuels

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Chapter 11 Vocabulary QuizChapter 11 Vocabulary QuizWrite the definition for the termWrite the definition for the term

1.1. LodeLode2.2. Placer depositsPlacer deposits3.3. Crude oilCrude oil4.4. PetrochemicalPetrochemical5.5. Fossil fuelsFossil fuels

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What will I learn Today?What will I learn Today? I will be able to explain what I will be able to explain what

ores are and how they formores are and how they form

Homework

1.Vocabulary page 208: define terms and give one fact

2.Section review page 197

3.Section review page 201

4.Lab Analysis page 205

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Terms Chapter 11Terms Chapter 11

Define and write one factDefine and write one fact 1.1. Nonrenewable Nonrenewable

resourcesresources2.2. Renewable Renewable

resourcesresources3.3. OresOres4.4. VeinsVeins5.5. LodeLode6.6. Placer Placer

depositsdeposits7.7. GemstonesGemstones8.8. Fossil fuelsFossil fuels9.9. HydrocarbonHydrocarbon10.10. CarbonizationCarbonization

11.11. PeatPeat12.12. LigniteLignite13.13. Bituminous Bituminous

coalcoal14.14. AnthraciteAnthracite15.15. Crude oilCrude oil16.16. PetrochemicalPetrochemical17.17. Nuclear Nuclear

fissionfission18.18. Nuclear fusionNuclear fusion19.19. Solar collectorSolar collector20.20. Geothermal Geothermal

energyenergy21.21. Hydroelectric Hydroelectric

energyenergy

Essential questionEssential question

Explain what ores are and Explain what ores are and how they formhow they form

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Notes Section 11.1Notes Section 11.11.1. Mineral ResourcesMineral Resources

1.1. Nonrenewable – limited supply or Nonrenewable – limited supply or take millions of years to replace.take millions of years to replace.

2.2. Renewable – supply can be Renewable – supply can be replaced in lifetime.replaced in lifetime.

3.3. Metals – shiny, conduct heat and Metals – shiny, conduct heat and electricity, tend to bend easily.electricity, tend to bend easily.

4.4. Nonmetals – dull, poor conductors Nonmetals – dull, poor conductors of heat and electricity.of heat and electricity.

2.2. Formation of oreFormation of ore1.1. Most metals and nonmetals found Most metals and nonmetals found

chemically combined with other chemically combined with other materials.materials.

2.2. An ore is a deposit in which the An ore is a deposit in which the minerals can be removed from.minerals can be removed from.

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Notes Section 11.1Notes Section 11.13.3. Ores and cooling magmaOres and cooling magma

1.1. Cooling magma allows dense Cooling magma allows dense metals to sink to the bottom, metals to sink to the bottom, forming ore deposit within the forming ore deposit within the magma.magma.

4.4. Ores and contact metamorphismOres and contact metamorphism1.1. Heat from the magma or the gases Heat from the magma or the gases

generated will chemically change generated will chemically change the rock.the rock.

2.2. The minerals are pushed through The minerals are pushed through cracks in the rock to form veins, a cracks in the rock to form veins, a large number of veins is called a large number of veins is called a lode.lode.

5.5. Ores and moving waterOres and moving water1.1. The water can carry away The water can carry away

fragments of minerals down stream.fragments of minerals down stream.2.2. The fragments are deposited in The fragments are deposited in

slower moving water as placer slower moving water as placer deposits. deposits.

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Notes Section 11.1Notes Section 11.16.6. Uses of mineral resourcesUses of mineral resources

1.1. Some are prized for there beauty or Some are prized for there beauty or rarity.rarity.

2.2. Gemstones are rare mineral Gemstones are rare mineral crystals.crystals.

3.3. Are used for jewelry, building Are used for jewelry, building materials, industry, food materials, industry, food processing, and fuel sources.processing, and fuel sources.

7.7. Mineral ConservationMineral Conservation1.1. Increased populations means that Increased populations means that

demand for minerals also demand for minerals also increases.increases.

2.2. Additional resources will need to be Additional resources will need to be found, the ocean bottom may be found, the ocean bottom may be the next mining zone.the next mining zone.

3.3. The best way to preserve resources The best way to preserve resources is to use recyclable materials.is to use recyclable materials.

Essential questionEssential question

Explain what is a fossil fuel, Explain what is a fossil fuel, how they are formed, How are how they are formed, How are they removed and are they they removed and are they renewablerenewable

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Notes Section 11.2Notes Section 11.21.1. Fossil FuelsFossil Fuels

1.1. Consist mainly of hydrogen and Consist mainly of hydrogen and carboncarbon

2.2. Coal, petroleum and natural gas are Coal, petroleum and natural gas are organic in nature.organic in nature.

2.2. CoalCoal1.1. Dark colored organic rockDark colored organic rock2.2. Partially decomposed plant remainsPartially decomposed plant remains

3.3. Formation of coalFormation of coal1.1. Carbonization is process to form Carbonization is process to form

coalcoal2.2. Bacteria release methane and Bacteria release methane and

carbon dioxide, leaving only carbon carbon dioxide, leaving only carbon behind.behind.

4.4. Types of coalTypes of coal

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Notes Section 11.2Notes Section 11.24.4. Types of coalTypes of coal

1.1. Three main typesThree main types1.1. Peat , Lignite, Bituminous or anthracitePeat , Lignite, Bituminous or anthracite

2.2. Peat a brownish black materialPeat a brownish black material1.1. Plant deposits covered by sediments Plant deposits covered by sediments

that squeezes out the water and gases.that squeezes out the water and gases.

3.3. Lignite is denser deposits of peat.Lignite is denser deposits of peat.1.1. Also known as brown coalAlso known as brown coal

4.4. Bituminous is a more compressed Bituminous is a more compressed lignitelignite

1.1. Also known as soft coalAlso known as soft coal2.2. It is 80 to 90 percent carbon and It is 80 to 90 percent carbon and

produces great amounts of heat.produces great amounts of heat.

5.5. Petroleum and Natural GasPetroleum and Natural Gas1.1. Petroleum is oilPetroleum is oil2.2. Natural gas is hydrocarbons in a Natural gas is hydrocarbons in a

gaseous stategaseous state3.3. Both form from microorganisms.Both form from microorganisms.

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Notes Section 11.2Notes Section 11.26.6. Formation of petroleum and Formation of petroleum and

natural gasnatural gas1.1. Microorganism accumulated on Microorganism accumulated on

ocean and lake floors, then were ocean and lake floors, then were covered by sediments.covered by sediments.

2.2. Limited oxygen, heat and pressure Limited oxygen, heat and pressure cause a chemical changes covert cause a chemical changes covert the deposits into petroleum and the deposits into petroleum and natural gas.natural gas.

7.7. Petroleum and Natural Gas Petroleum and Natural Gas depositsdeposits

1.1. Flow upward (due to pressure from Flow upward (due to pressure from sediments) through permeable sediments) through permeable rocks.rocks.

2.2. Flows upward until it encounters an Flows upward until it encounters an impermeable rock (slate) called a impermeable rock (slate) called a cap stone. cap stone.

3.3. A reservoir forms and the A reservoir forms and the petroleum separates. petroleum separates.

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Notes Section 11.2Notes Section 11.28.8. Uses of fossil fuelsUses of fossil fuels

1.1. Energy sources for transportation, Energy sources for transportation, farming and industryfarming and industry

2.2. Crude oil is also used in Crude oil is also used in petrochemical production; plastics, petrochemical production; plastics, fabrics, medicines, tars, waxes, fabrics, medicines, tars, waxes, rubber, insecticides, fertilizers, rubber, insecticides, fertilizers, detergents, and shampoos.detergents, and shampoos.

9.9. Fossil fuels suppliesFossil fuels supplies1.1. Nonrenewable resourceNonrenewable resource2.2. 200 years of coal in reserve200 years of coal in reserve3.3. 75% of oil in U.S. discovered75% of oil in U.S. discovered4.4. In some places 90% of oil still in In some places 90% of oil still in

the ground.the ground.

10.10. Fossil fuels and the environmentFossil fuels and the environment1.1. Causes acid rain, air pollution and Causes acid rain, air pollution and

oil spills harm oceans and wildlife.oil spills harm oceans and wildlife.

Essential Question Essential Question

Explain the process of Nuclear Explain the process of Nuclear fusion and Nuclear fissionfusion and Nuclear fission

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Notes Section 11.3Notes Section 11.31.1. Nuclear EnergyNuclear Energy

1.1. Changes done to the atomic nuclei Changes done to the atomic nuclei to generate energyto generate energy

2.2. Nuclear FissionNuclear Fission1.1. The splitting uranium 235 into two The splitting uranium 235 into two

or more smaller nuclei.or more smaller nuclei.2.2. Neutrons are fired at the U-235 to Neutrons are fired at the U-235 to

start a chain reactionstart a chain reaction3.3. This generates heat that is This generates heat that is

absorbed by the water around it absorbed by the water around it and is used to turn turbines to and is used to turn turbines to generate electricity.generate electricity.

4.4. The waste in lethal to humans and The waste in lethal to humans and animals.animals.

3.3. Nuclear FusionNuclear Fusion1.1. Energy is generated by combining Energy is generated by combining

smaller atoms into larger onessmaller atoms into larger ones

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Notes Section 11.3Notes Section 11.33.3. Nuclear FusionNuclear Fusion

1.1. Energy is generated by combining Energy is generated by combining smaller atoms into larger ones.smaller atoms into larger ones.

2.2. This happens at 15 million degrees This happens at 15 million degrees CelsiusCelsius

3.3. Hydrogen can be formed from Hydrogen can be formed from ocean water.ocean water.

4.4. Waste will be less dangerous then Waste will be less dangerous then fission.fission.

Essential QuestionEssential Question

Explain the different types of Explain the different types of alternative energy and how alternative energy and how they can be usedthey can be used

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Notes Section 11.4Notes Section 11.41.1. Alternative Energy SourcesAlternative Energy Sources

1.1. As energy demands increase fossil As energy demands increase fossil fuels will be used fasterfuels will be used faster

2.2. Nuclear can meet some of the Nuclear can meet some of the demand, but major safety issuesdemand, but major safety issues

2.2. Solar EnergySolar Energy1.1. 15 minutes of sunlight is the 15 minutes of sunlight is the

amount of energy used by the world amount of energy used by the world in one yearin one year

2.2. Passive systems collect heat from Passive systems collect heat from the sun and radiate it back in the the sun and radiate it back in the night timenight time

3.3. Active systems use solar collectors Active systems use solar collectors to heat water to circulate through to heat water to circulate through out the buildingout the building

4.4. Photovoltaic cells convert sunlight Photovoltaic cells convert sunlight into electricityinto electricity

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Notes Section 11.4Notes Section 11.43.3. Geothermal energyGeothermal energy

1.1. Water heated by magma can be in Water heated by magma can be in the form of steam or super heated the form of steam or super heated water.water.

2.2. This can be used as direct heat or This can be used as direct heat or to power electricity generating to power electricity generating turbines.turbines.

4.4. Energy from water and windEnergy from water and wind1.1. Running water from streams or Running water from streams or

tides in the oceans.tides in the oceans.5.5. Energy from running waterEnergy from running water

1.1. 11% of electricity in the U.S. is 11% of electricity in the U.S. is generated at hydroelectric dams.generated at hydroelectric dams.

2.2. Water is channeled through Water is channeled through generators. generators.

6.6. Energy from tidesEnergy from tides1.1. Dams are built to trap high tide Dams are built to trap high tide

flows and then release it during low flows and then release it during low tide to generate power.tide to generate power.

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Notes Section 11.4Notes Section 11.47.7. Energy from windsEnergy from winds

1.1. Wind farms use giant propeller wind Wind farms use giant propeller wind turbines to make electricityturbines to make electricity

2.2. Some small turbines can meet Some small turbines can meet single home needssingle home needs

3.3. The wind does not always blow.The wind does not always blow.