fea report (raj)

8/2/2019 FEA Report (Raj)

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SUBANG JAYA

BENG (HONS) MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (3+0)In collaboration with

University of Sunderland

ASSIGNMENT

COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERINGSUBJECT CODE: EAT 216

Level 2

LECTURER : MR. ANANDA KUMAR ERIKI

STUDENT & :THILAGARAJ PANNIR SELVAM (SCSJ-0011748)

ID NO

SEMESTER : 2

Title : Design of Cantilever Beam

Date : 8th January 2012

SEGI COLLEGE
http://www.sunderland.ac.uk/newsevents/news/news/index.php?nid=6


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Abstract

A cantilever beam is a beam supported only at one end. Beam bear special weight on the

open end as a result of closed-end support, in addition to structural integrity. Cantileverconstruction sites in a variety of architectural design and other types of engineering, in which

professionals use the term as the final load, intermediate load, and the last minute to identify

how much of a cantilever beam will hold. As soon as the term associated with torque and the

load beam theory.

The relationship between static deflection of the beam and load described by the Euler-

Bernoulli beam equation. Another equation, the Euler-Lagrange equations of the beam, the

connection to dynamic loads, but because of the complexity of the application, the static

approximation is usually used. Deflection, bending moment and shear force is applied load

beam can be obtained. In a practical environment, the load chart is used to summarize thisinformation, and their list of common materials that meet the safety requirements for the load

to be known. For more complex applications, beam calculators available on the company

website and as add-ons for computer-aided design (CAD) software.

Introduction


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In residential architecture, the cantilever design is often used to create a balcony and other

extended above ground level. Famous architects like Frank Lloyd Wright was known to take

advantage of a cantilever beam construction to provide for building parts protruding from the

supported portion. The use of a cantilever beam setup and similar cantilevered engineering is

often seen in bridges and similar projects. Carpenter may think of a cantilever design in terms

of timber beams, but in many other projects of the cantilever design is used for concrete slabs

or metal girders.

Specific use of cantilever construction is often part of a temporary construction projects.

Although bridges or other projects in the transition, the cantilever design provides structural

integrity while only one side of the beam is supported. Then, the beam may be supported on

both sides. Engineers can show how the design diagram of the cantilever will help ensure

stability in the mid-way through construction projects as part of safety studies.

Architects and engineers are also using a cantilever structures for overhangs that has always

been a part of the building range. Airports, university campuses, office complexes and otherareas will usually include the external structure using a cantilever construction for the

intentions of the different design of the building. These elements can provide protection from

the suspense elements or ornamental aspects of the building. In some cases, the cantilever

design "open style" according to modern design or art to a room, where practical planning

mixed with aesthetic appeal.

Those interested to see how the design of the cantilever used in modern engineering can

easily find many examples of this engineering method can be seen at work in their local

communities. A detailed study of this type of design can better prepare students for admission

into engineering or architecture program. It also enhances students' understanding of how the professionals perform this type of design projects for both residential and commercial

projects.

Objective


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The objective is to create two own cantilever beam design and fixed beam .

The design must improve the given design .And both truss designs can support the uniformly

distributed load .The report should compare the both design and show safety factor.

Methodology

Cantilever Beam-Uniformly Distributed Load

Simple beam-Two unequal concentrated Loads Unsymmetrically placed


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Flow Chart

Drawing

Material

Operating

Fixed constraint

Simulation


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Design for the problem No 1 and No 2

The original design for problem 1.

The Improve design 1 problem 1


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The Improve design 2 problem 1

The original design for problem 2

The improve design no1 problem 2

The improve design no2 problem 2


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1.Discussion and figures showing the meshing for the trusses in Problem One

and Two.

Original design problem 1

Improve design 1 problem 1


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Improve design 2 problem1

Original design for problem No.2

Improve design 1 for problem No.2


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Improve design 2 for problem No.2

The material selected for this beam is mild steel, high strength alloy. The yield strength andultimate tensile strength of the beam are 290MPa and 415MPa respectively.

2.Stress Contour for Problem No 1 and No 2

Original design problem No 1


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Improve design No 1 problem No 1

Improve design No2 problem No 1

Original Design problem No 2


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Improve Design 1 problem No 2

Improve Design 2 problem No2

Safety Factor


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Original design for problem No 1

Improve design 1 for problem no 1

Improve design 2 for problem no 1


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Original design for problem No 2

Improve design 1 for problem No 2

Improve design 2 for problem No 2


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Comparison of the trusses design

Problem 1

Design Maximum Stress Safety Factor

Original 29.9169 MPa 9.69352 ul

Design 1 46.0537 MPa 6.297 ul

Design 2 29.9542 MPa 9.68145 ul

From the chart, Improve design1 is a better choice compare to improve design 2.Safety factor

is less then the original design.

Problem 2

Design Maximum Stress Safety factor

Original 213.479 MPa 1.35845 ul

Design 1 212.992 MPa 1.36155 ul

Design 2 213.448 MPa 1.35864 ul

From the chart, Improve design2 is a better choice compare to improve design 1.Safety factor

less then the original design .


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Conclusion

Beam is used all around us in many mechanical and structural engineering applications. They

are often used to create the foundation or support for a larger structure, such as buildings or

bridges. Beam analysis is a technique used enough to withstand the design beam power and

the pressure at the same time minimizing the weight of the beam, space requirements, and

cost of materials. Incorrectly designed beam can fail prematurely and have catastrophic

effects.

Beam analysis requires a combination of mechanical engineering, design principles and

material properties. This process usually involves factors including the nature of the powers

will be used, the length between supports, the beam shape, materials, and design of the joints

to allow the beam to the mechanical connection to the other members of the structure.

Various types of beam design based on load and mounting configurations. For example, a

cantilevered beam supported at one end only and requires a different design of a simple beam

supported at both ends.

The beam can be constructed using a single material, such as carbon steel. They can also be

constructed as a composite or laminated structure consisting of layers of different materials

vary. Construction will affect the bending beam and deflection while under load. Depending

on the length of the beam deflection, how it is supported, cross-sectional shape, material, and

where the force deflecting used. Beam analysis will determine the amount of bending and

deflection.

An important consideration in the analysis beam safety margin or safety factor. Most of the

beam has a safety factor used for very large beam if the load or other factors which can not bepredicted in the design of the beam. An excessive safety factors will drive the design of the

beam is larger than necessary, causing the possible weight problems and higher fabrication

costs. Beam analysis software can analyze the shape of the beam and different materials, to

allow users to evaluate design options and select the final beam to optimize the ratio between

cost and functionality.

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