f.dú ìßhf.a kqjk 1 - edupub.gov.lk g-7 s/sinhala... · 2 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'...
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PB 1fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ck l;d hkq ñksiqka ,sùfï l%uhla fkd oek isá wjêfha isg
láka lg mej; tk" ckhd w;r u ks¾udKh jQ l;d úfYaIhls'
f,dalfha iEu rgl u mdfya tA rgg wdfõ‚l jQ ck l;d
iïm%odhla oelsh yels h' ck jHjydrfha mj;sk úúO fhÿï"
úYajdi wdÈh ck l;dj, we;=<;a fõ' miq ld,hl § fun÷ ck
l;d f,aLk.; flß‚' wo jk úg wm rgg wdfõ‚l ck l;d
muKla fkd j fjk;a rgj, ck l;d o isxy, NdIdfjka m< ù
we;' fuu mdvug we;=<;a jkafka Y%S ,xld cd;sl .%ka: ixj¾Ok
uKav,fha fufyhùfuka wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska
m< lrk ,o" <uhska i|yd wdishdkq ck l;d fojk fmdf;ka
Wmqgd .;a l;djls' wdishdkq ck l;d fojk fmd;" cmdkfha
hqfkiaflda wdishdkq ixialD;sl uOHia:dkh úiska m< lrk ,o
Folk tales from Asia for Children Everywhere - Book Two kï
.%ka:fhys isxy, mßj¾;kh hs' ‘f.dú ìßhf.a kqjK’ mdlsia:dk
ck l;djls'
f.dú ìßhf.a kqjK 1
2 3fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
Èkla tla f.dúfhla yrla ndk o olald f.k l=Uqr iEug .sfha h'
uq,a u yS úg ksu lrk úg u jHd>%fhla Tyq <`.g weú;a wdpdr fldg"
“wdhqfndajka hy¿j" fï WoEik flfia o Tnf.a iqj ÿla@” hs weiS h'
f.dúhd ìfhka fjjq,kakg úh' tfy;a úkS;j l;d lsÍu jvd kqjKg
yqre hehs is;d .;a Tyq" “wdhqfndajka" iajdóks' Tn jykafiag mska w;a
fõjdæ .e;a;d b;d iqjfhka isák nj okajd isáñ” hs lS h'
“tA nj weiSu ug uy;a m%S;shla' foúhkaf.a wK mßÈ uu Tnf.a yrla
ndk ì,s .ekSug wdñ' Tn foaj wKg lSlre ;eke;a;l= nj uu oksñ'
tfyhska yrla ndk jyd u uqod yßkake” hs jHd>%hd lS h'
jHd>%hdf.a woyi ;ud urd lEug fkd j yrla ndk urd lEug nj
f;areï .;a f.dúhd ffO¾hj;a ù" “iajdóks" hï je/oaola isÿ ù we;s
njla fmfkhs' foúhkaf.a w‚ka uu fï l=Uqr iEug wdñ' b;ska" yrla
ke;sj uu flfia kï l=Uqr idï o@ iajdóks" wdmiq f.dia fï .ek ;j
álla fidhd ne,Su fyd| fkd fõ oe@” hs weiS h'
“mud ùug lsis u jqjukdjla keye' tfyhska yrl=ka uqod yeßfhd;a uu
;j fudfyd;lska Tjqka urd lñ” hs lshd jHd>%hd Nh Wmojk wkaoñka
Wf.a o;=;a ksh;a uqjy;a lrkakg mgka .;af;a h'
yrl=ka urd fkd lk f,i f.dúhd j¢ñka hÈñka b;d ne.Em;a f,i
jHd>%hdf.ka b,a,d isáfha h' Tjqka fkd urd yßkafka kï tA fjkqjg
Tyqf.a ìßhf.a lÈu ;rndre lsß t< fok §ug fmdfrdkaÿ úh'
jHd>%hd Bg tlÕ úh' wdrlaIdj i|yd Tyq yrl=ka o olald f.k jy
jyd f.or n,d .sfha h' fu;rï fõ,dikska Tyq wdmiq tkq ÿgq Tyqf.a
läir ld¾hY+r ìßh" “lïue<s rd,æ uu jev mgka .;a;d ú;r hs'
ojfia jev bjr lr,d;a tkjd oe@” hs wE; § u weiS h'
jHd>%hd yuq jQ yeá;a yrl=ka fírd .ekSu i|yd t< fok §ug fmdfrdkaÿ
jQ yeá;a Tyq wEg úia;r flf<a h' tA weiQ f.dú ìßh" “we;a;la fjkak
mq¿jks' tA jqK;a Tfí Th cv f.dka fokakd fírd .kakg uf.a hi
t< fok fokakg fmdfrdkaÿ jQ yeáæ t< fok ke;s jqKdu <uhskag
lsß ,efnkafka fldfyka o@ fj~re ke;sj Whkafka fldfydu oe@” hs
Tyqg neK jeÿKd h'
2 3fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
“we;a;" we;a;' tA jqKdg" OdkH ke;sj mdka yokafka fldfydu o@
l=Uqre ydkak yrla ke;s jqKd u OdkH ,efnkafka fldfyka o@ mdka
ke;sj bkakjdg jvd krl o lsß hs fj~re hs ke;sj b£u@ blaukg
.syska t< fok ,syk tl fyd| hs” lshd f.dúhd wekqïmo lS h'
“uy fudavhdæ hï;ï j;a fudf<a ;sfhkjd kï fï wudrefjka
.e,fjkakg úÈhla l,amkd lrkjd fkd je@” hs wE wj,do lSjd h'
“wehs" b;ska" .e,fjk úÈhla Tn u l,amkd fkd lrkafka @” hs f.dúhd
;rfyka lS h'
“fyd|hs' uu ñka .e,fjk úÈhla lshkakï' yenehs" ud lshk yeáhg
u lrkak ´kE' ug folla lrkakg neye” hs ms<s;=re ÿka ìßh" “jyd
u jHd>%hd <Õg hkak' t< fok Tn iuÕ fkd tk ksid ud wE olald
f.k tk nj Tyqg lshkak” hs lSjd h'
uy;a ìhiq,a,l= jQ f.dúhd ysia w;ska jHd>%hd <Õg wdmiq hEug lsis
fia;a u leu;s fkd ù h' tfy;a l< yels wka lsisjla ys;g fkd wd
fyhska Tyq ìßh lS f,ig u lf<a h' Tyq hk úg;a jHd>%hd o;=;a ksh;a
uqjy;a lrñka u isáfha h' Tyq ysáfha t;rï u nv .skafka hs' ;j;a
ál fõ,djla lEu mud jk nj weiQ jHd>%hd b;d ìhlre wkaoñka
f.drjkakg;a j,. .ikakg;a uqyqfKa È.= frdau lrljkakg;a úh'
ìfhka .eyqKq f.dúhdf.a oK ysia tlg jÈkakg úh'
f.dúhd .sh miq Tyqf.a ìßh wia y,g f.dia fmdakshl= ms<sfh, lr
.;a;d h' wE wef.a iajdñhdf.a fyd| u we÷ula we| f.k yels ;rï u
Wig fmfkkakg ;,mamdj Wia fldg ne| fmdakshd msg keÕS jHd>%hd
isák l=Uqr foig .shd h'
wE ñksil= fuka b;d wdvïnr ,S,dfjka fmdakshd msáka f.dia l=Uqrg
yefrk ;ek isg" “ish¨ foúhkaf.a msysáka ug fï l=Uqf¾ § jHd>%fhla
yuq fõjdæ Bfha Wfoa yS,g jHd>%hka ;=ka fokl= lEjdhska miq ;j u
jHd>% uia ri n,kakg neß ù h” hs wNS; iajrfhka y~ .Ejd h'
tA weiQ jHd>%hd tfia y~ .E ;eke;a;d lsis u ìhla iella ke;sj
;ud foig tkq oel ìfhka ;e;s f.k miq mi yrjd le<hg ÿjkakg
úh' fufia l,n,fhka fõ.fhka ÿjk Tyqg ;udf.a fiajl ysj,df.a
4 5fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
wefÕA yemafmkakg hk nj mjd fkd yeÕsK'
ysj,d me;a;lg mek" “iajdóks" iajdóks" fï ;rï l,n,fhka fï
fldfya o ÿjkafka@” hs weiS h'
“ÿjuq ÿjuq” hs jHd>%hd y;s ,E h; “lsis u ;elSula ke;sj Wfoa yS,g
jHd>%hka ;=ka fokl= lk hlaI wirefjla wr l=Uqf¾ isà” hs lS h'
ysj,d w;ska lg uqjd lr f.k iskd fikakg úh' “iajdóka jykai" Tn
jykafiaf.a weia bre t<shg w÷re ù .shd úh hq;= hs' tA fudk wirefjla
o@ msßñ we÷ï we| .;a f.dú ìßh fkd je@” hs lS h'
jHd>%hd u|la kej;S" “fyd|g u úYajdi o@” hs weiS h'
“iajdóks" ug fyd|g u úYajdi hs' Tn jykafiaf.a weia bre t<shg
w÷re fkd jqKd kï-fufia lshkjdg lud l< uekú-Tn jykafiag;a
;,mamdj wiafika t,af,k fldKav w. fmfkkjd fkd je@” hs ysj,d
lS h'
“tfy;a Tng;a jrÈkakg neß kE' wE fmkqug kï uy hlaI wirefjla” hs ìhiq¨ jHd>%hd mejiS h'
“ljqo" wEg nh@ .eyekshlg nfha lEu fkd ld m,d hkjd he@ fyd| hs
wms fokakd u huq” hs ysj,d fhdackd flf<a h'
“neye" neye" Tn ud t;ekg le|jd f.k f.dia mek ÿjdú” hs jHd>%hd
ìfhka .efyñka lS h'
“tfy kï ug ÿjkakg neß fjkakg wms j,s. .eg .id .ksuq” hs lEor
ysj,d lS h'
jHd>%hd Bg tlÕ úh' Tjqyq ;Èka j,s. tlg .eg .id f.k w;sk;
f.k hkakg jQy'
f.dúhd;a Tyqf.a ìßh;a Tjqka fh¥ Wmdh id¾:l ùu .ek i;=áka iskd
fiñka Wkay' j,s. .eg .id f.k Tjqka foig tk jHd>%hd;a ysj,d;a
Tjqkayg yÈisfha u fmksK'
“wms keyqKdæ wms keyqKd' ÿjuq" ÿjuq” hs f.dúhd lE .eiS h'
4 5fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
“fudk Èú,a,la o@ lE fkd .yd bkakjd' ud lshk foa wefykafka kE” hs ìßh Tyqg lsis l,n,hla ke;sj lS h'
wef.a lg y~ wefik ;rug i;=ka fo fokd <x jQ miq wE b;d ys;j;a
f,ig" “wd" ysj,a ydñ" fï ;rï lÈu" ;r jHd>%hl= /f.k tAu fldhs
;rï fyd| o@ blaukska u uu uf.a fldgi ld ouñ' jeä mudjla
ke;sj Tng Tfí fldgi ,efíú” hs lS h'
fï weiqKq úg u jHd>%hd b;d u ìh m;aj ysj,d .ek;a Tjqkaf.a j,s.
tlg .eg .id we;s nj .ek;a uq¿ukska u wu;l ù ysj,d;a weo f.k
yels ;rï fõ.fhka ÿjkakg úh' ovdia nvdia hkqfjka .,a uq,aj,
yefmñka iardia iaÍia hkqfjka lgq <eyemaj, uefoñka ysj,d ìu Èf.a
we§ .sfha h'
ysj,d ur <f;daks kÕñka fudr .Efõ h' msgq miska tk tA y~ ksid ;j
;j;a ìh m;a jQ jHd>%hd l÷ m,a,ï fkd ;ld ysi yereKq wf;a le<Ej
ì| f.k Èù h; úvdfjka weo jefgk f;la u Èù h' tA jk úg ysj,d
;e¿ï fm¿ïj,ska ñh f.dia fndfyda fõ,djla úh'
bka miq ljrod j;a f.dúhdg;a Tyqf.a Nd¾hdjg;a jHd>%hdf.ka lsis u
lrorhla fkd ù h'
wjfndaOh
1' jHd>%hd f.dúhd fj; meñ‚fha l=uk wruqKlska o@
2' f.dúhd jHd>%hdg fmdfrdkaÿ jQfha l=ula ,nd §ug o@
3' fï l;djg wkqj" mdka ksIamdokfha § .jhdf.a odhl;ajh ,efnkafka
l=uk ld¾hhla Wfoid o@
4' wirejl=f.a fjia .;af;a f.dú ìßh nj ysj,d y÷kd .;af;a
flfia o@
5' fuu l;dfjka hq., mo folla Wmqgd olajkak'
6 7fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%ia;dj msre¿ iy bÕs jels
ck lshuka úfYaIhla jk m%ia;dj msre¿ idïm%odhsl fhÿï .Khg
wh;a fjhs' fïjd" l:d lsÍfï § yd ,sùfï § wjia:djg wkqj lsis hï
ldrKhla meyeÈ,s lsÍu Wfoid Ndú; flfrk fmdÿ lshuka j¾.hla
f,i o ie,fla' m%ia;dj msre<la hkq ‘;ekg Tìk lshukls’' lsh hq;=
ldrKh fláfhka" meyeÈ,sj yd rij;aj lSug m%ia;dj msre¿ bjy,a
fõ'
m%ia;dj msre¿ fnfyúka u ks¾udKh ù we;af;a l;kaor weiqre lr
f.k h'
² wnrd is,a .;a;d jf.hs" ² l¿jd udrmka .shd jf.hs"
² mqyq,a fydrd lfrka oefkhs" ² .urd, ÈjH f,dafl .shd jf.hs"
tn÷ m%ia;dj msre¿ lsysmhls'
² wkqkag l< foa ;ukag m, foa"
² mkskag fmr is;d n,kq"
² W;aidyjka;hd ch .kS"
² bjiSfuka iekiSu ,efí"
² lshkakd flfia lSj;a wikakd isys nqoaêfhka weish hq;= h
wdÈ msre¿ WmfoaYd;aul iajrEmhla .kS'
m%ia;dj msre¿ .Kfhys ,d .; yels fhÿï o we;=<;a ;j;a idïm%odhsl
fhÿï úfYaIhla isxy, jHjydrfha mj;S' fïjd rEÎ fyj;a bÕs jels
kñka ye¢kafõ' u;= msg w¾:h blaujd fjk;a w¾:hla wÕjk bÕs jels
o NdIdfõ fmdaIKhg bjy,a fjhs' bÕs jels fyj;a rEÎj, úfYaI;ajhla
jkafka tAjdg w¾:hla wdfrdamKh lr ke; fyd;a wdrEV lr ;sîu hs'
fuu mdvfï we;=<;a l;dfõ i|yka zysia w;skaZ " zysi yereKq wf;aZ
jeks fhÿï o bÕs jels f,i ie,lsh yels h'
² ;re fmkqKd ^wkfmalaIs; .eg¨jlg uqyqK §u&
² lsUq,a l÷¿ ^fndrejg weéu&
² l=l=<d w;ska wrka ^WoEikska u&
² lr, meyqKd ^jdishla isÿ ùu&
² n<,d u,af,ka t<shg mekakd
^ieÕùug W;aidy .;a fohla t<sorjq ùu&
jeks lshuka" bÕs jels fyj;a rEÎ i|yd ksoiqka lsysmhls'
6 7fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' my; oelafjk m%ia;dj msre¿j, woyi ,shkak'
i' lgqiaidf.a lf¾ r;a;rka nekaod jf.hs
ii' îß w,skag ùKd .dhkd lrkjd jf.hs
iii' b`.=re § ñßia .;a;d jf.hs
iv' bínd Èfha oeïud jf.hs
v' ufâ isgqjQ bkak jf.hs
2' my; i|yka jdlHj, ;o l¿ wl=ßka oelafjk fhÿï fjkqjg
.e<fmk rEÎhla we;=<;a lr kej; ,shkak'
WodyrK( f.dúhd WoEikska u l=Uqrg .sfha h'
f.dúhd l=l=<d w;ska f.k l=Uqrg .sfha h'
i' lu,a fndre mqridrï lshkafkls'
ii' úNd.h iu;a ùu uf.a buy;a m%S;shg fya;= úh'
iii' mka;s kdhlhd uf.a fyd| ñ;%fhls'
iv' wi,ajeishka iu. lsisÿ iqyo;djla ke;ehs weh lSjd h'
v' wm .uka l< r:h ;sßx. l%shd;aul ùu ksid wjidk
fudfydf;a wk;=ßka fíß‚'
3' my; oelafjk m%ia;dj msre¿j, fyda rEÎj, fyda woyig ióm
w¾:hla fok m%ia;dj msre<la fyda rEÎhla fyda ,shd olajkak'
i' ksls‚ fydhkjd
ii' ysi yereKq wf;a hkjd
iii' wkQkjfhka fíreKd
iv' w;= lvd fudr lkakd jf.hs
v' wefÕka weghla .kakjd jf.hs
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' m%ia;dj msre¿ myla iy tAjdg uq,a jQ l;kaor we;=<;a lr fmd;a msxpla
ilia lrkak'
2' rEÎ iy bÕs jels tla /ia lr f,aLkhla ilia lrkak'
8 9fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
2
fixlv., hq.h iudÔh" foaYmd,k" wd.ñl yd Ydia;%Sh lghq;=
w;ska msßySug m;a jQ jljdkqjla úh' hqfrdamShhka jQ mq¾;=.Sis
yd ,kafoais cd;sl wdl%u‚lhkaf.a ;dvk mSvkj,g furg
jeisfhda ,laj isáhy' tl, fn!oaOhkag;a NslaIQka jykafia,dg;a
fkdfhla ysßyer ;¾ckj,g uqyqK mEug isÿ úh'
fuiufhys ,laÈj nqÿ iiqk iy wOHdmkh k.d isgqùug lghq;=
l< wh w;r je,súg irKxlr ix>rdc ysñfhda m%uqL fj;s'
Wka jykafiaf.a pß;fhys lemS fmfkk iqúfYaI wjia:d lSmhla
fï mdvug we;=<;a fõ' fï mdvu ilia lr we;af;a fldg.u
jdÑiair ysñhkaf.a irKÙlr iÙ>rdc iuh yd ;srdK.u
r;kidr ysñhkaf.a iÕrc j;f.d; lD;s wdY%fhks'
iiqk nen<jQ irKxlr iÕrc f;rKqfjda
8 9fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
irKxlr ysñhkaf.a Wm; isÿ jQfha II jk úu,O¾uiQßh ^1687-1706&
rc;=udf.a ld,fha § h' ;=ïmfka m%foaYfha Wm; ,o Wka jykafiaf.a
.sys kduh l=,;=x. nj fmd; mf;ys i|yka fjhs'
l=,;=x. orejd uQ,sl wOHdmkh ,enqfõ truqÿ ,shoafoa Wmdil rd,
kï .=re;=udf.ks' kï fmd;" uÕ=,a ,l=K" ilialvh" kjr;akh wdÈ
fmd;a o mqiafld<j, wl=re ,sùu o Tyq ;u .=rejrhd fj;ska W.;af;a
h' truqÿ ,shoafoa Wmdil rd,f.a {d;shl= jQ iQßhf.dv rdc.=re ysñhka
fj; fhduq lsÍfuka wk;=rej foudmsh wdYS¾jdoh o we;sj Tyq je,súg
irKxlr kñka meúÈ flß‚'
iQßhf.dv ysñhka hgf;a ish oekqu ÈhqKq lr .ekSug lghq;= l<
irKxlr idufKarhka jykafia tmuKlska iEySulg m;a fkd jQy'
úúO ldrKd ksid fï ld,h jk úg ,xldfõ NdId" idys;H lafIa;%hkays
mßydks ;;a;ajhla Woa.; ù ;sì‚' tneúka Wka jykafiag md,s NdIdj
bf.kSu i|yd tjlg isr.;j isá f,õfla rd, fj; hEug isÿ úh'
w,.,af,a lkao mduq, lä.uqj m%foaYfha fjfiñka udflfy,aj,
isr.; lr isá f,õfla rd, fj; Èkm;d hñka nd,dj;drfha kdu
ldKavh wjidkh olajd bf.kSug irKxlr idufKarfhda lghq;=
l<y' ;uka W.;a foa isákdu¿fõ is,aj;a ;ek keu;s iajlSh ñ;%hl=g
b.ekajQ nj o i|yka fõ' miq lf,l m,al=Uqf¾ w;a:oiaiS ysñhkaf.a
weiqfrys nd,dj;drh iïmQ¾Kfhka u W.;a Wka jykafia bf.kSug
oelajQ Wkkaÿj ms<sn| lshefjk ckm%jdo /ils' Wka jykafia ie;fmk
úg ysig fmd,a lgqjla ;nd .;a nj tn÷ tla l;djls' thska ysig
we;s jk fõokdj ksid tl È.g ie;mSug fkd yelsj wjÈ jQ iEu
wjia:djl u mdvï lsÍug yd Ndjkd lsÍug lghq;= l< nj lshefõ'
fï jljdkqj ,laÈj iÕ iiqk msßyS f.dia .Dy Ôú; .; lrk
‘.‚kakdkafia,d’ kï lKavdhula ix>hdf.ka bgq úh hq;= fufyjr
ndr f.k isá wjêhls' irKxlr ysñfhda fuu l%uh fjkqjg msKavmd;sl
is,aj;a NslaIq mrmqrla we;s lsÍug fmruqK .;ay' Wka jykafia
wkq.ukh l< idufKarjreka wh;a lKavdhu ‘je,súg iud.u’ kñka o idufKarjre ‘is,aj;a ;eka’ hk kñka o y÷kajk ,oy' tA
jk úg mßydkshg m;a fjñka mej;s wOHdmkh kÕd isgqùug lghq;=
l< je,súg iud.u fn!oaO ckhdf.a m%idohg m;a úh' fï ms<sn|j
10 11fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
B¾IHdjg yd wukdmhg m;a whf.a meñ‚,s fya;=fjka kf¾kaøisxy rcq
úiska irKxlr idufKarhka m%uqL is,aj;a;= ,.a., m%foaYhg msgqjy,a
lrk ,oy'
fï iufhys bkaÈhdfõ isg meñ‚ nuqKl= úiska mjik ,o ixialD;
Yaf,dalhla f;areï .ekSug kf¾kaøisxy rcq úiska f.kajk ,o
lsisjl=g fkd yels jQ nj;a irKxlr ysñhkag fï mqj; ie, ù wod<
Yaf,dalfha wre; ish isiqkag meyeÈ,s lr ÿka nj;a fmd; mf;ys i|yka
fõ' tA nuqKd bÈßfha nK lSug iu;a flfkl= fkd jQfhka m,smdk
fudfydÜgd,f.a lSfuka irKxlr ysñhka le|ùug rcq lghq;= lr
we;' tys § Wka jykafia md,s" ixialD;" isxy, NdId ;=fkka u nK lS
w;r rcqf.a wm%udK m%idohg md;% jQy' t;eka mgka rcqf.a úYajdih
yd f.!rjh Èkd .;a Wka jykafia Wmiïmodj furgg f.kajd .ekSu
i|yd nqreuh" ishu wdÈ rgj,g ¥;hka heùug lghq;= l<y' uq,ska
hjk ,o ¥; lKavdhï fol u wid¾:l jQ kuqÿ lS¾;s Y%S rdcisxy rc
iufha § f;jk jr ishug hejQ ¥;hka u.ska ,laÈjg Wmiïmodj
f.kajd .ekSug irKxlr ysñfhda iu;a jQy'
Wka jykafia Wmiïmodj ,enqfõ mkia miajk úfha § h' ishï rfÜ
isg meñ‚ Wmd,s kï NslaIqjf.a uQ,sl;ajfhka Wmiïmod l¾uh isÿ
flreKq w;r fuys jevu l< ishï NslaIQyq is,aj;=ka uyK lrñka
o" idufKarjreka Wmimka lrñka o furg iiqk ÈhqKq l<y' fï
ish,a,g u uQ,sl;ajh f.k ls%hd l< irKxlr ysñfhda u,aj;=
úydrfhys jev úiQy' ñka miq lS¾;s Y%S rdcisxy rc;=ud úiska fldaÜfÜ
Y%S ùod.u ffuf;%ah ix>rdc ysñhkaf.ka mqrmamdvqj meje;s ix>rdc
;k;=r je,súg irKxlr ysñhka fj; msßkuk ,È'
;uka jykafiag iÕrc moúh ysñ jk nj irKxlr ysñhkag l,ska
oek .kakg ,eî we;' ta wjia:dfõ mkaif,a W¿jiafia “WvÕ= fkd
j uyK" WvÕ= fkd j uyK” hkqfjka f;jrla ,shd ;eîug Wka
jykafia lghq;= l< nj m%lg h' fï mqj; weiQ rc;=ud i;=gg m;a jQ
nj o lshefõ' irKxlr ysñhkaf.a ksy;udkSNdjh biau;= lrk fï
l;dj wmf.a Ôú;j,g o uyÕ= wdo¾Yhls'
10 11fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ful, uykqjr jd¾Isl wei< fmryer mj;ajk ,oafoa foúhka i|yd jQ
i;r foajd, fmryerla jYfhks' tys § o<od jykafiag mQfcdamydrhla
fkd meje;aú‚' o<od jykafiag mQfcdamydrhla jYfhka o<od lr~qj
/.;a ud<s.dfõ fmryerla bÈßfhka u .uka l< hq;= hehs fhdackd lr
l%shd;aul lrk ,oafoa irKxlr ysñhka úisks' wo olajd mj;sk
uykqjr o<od fmryer werUqfKa tA wkqj h'
Wka jykafia úiska ,shk ,o O¾u Ydia;%Sh .%ka: /ils' uqks.=K w,xldrh"
idrd¾: ix.%yh" fNaiÊc uxcqid ikakh" uyd fndaêjxY ikakh"
i;rnKjr ikakh bka lsysmhls' Wka jykafiaf.a O¾u Ydia;%Sh m%fndaOh
ksid u iqfmaY, YslaIdldó iÕ mrmqrla furg ìys úh' wo mj;akd Ydik
mqk¾Ôjfha mqfrda.dñhd jkqfha o msKavmd;sl" wirKirK" rdc.=re
je,súg irKxlr ix>rdc udysñmdKka jykafia h'
nd,dj;drh md,s jHdlrK .%ka:hls'
iqfmaY, YslaIdldó ukd fia yslauqKq$ukd mej;=ï we;s
mqk¾Ôjh kej; mK .ekaùu
mqfrda.dñhd uq,a jQ ;eke;a;d
wre;a meyeÈ,s lsÍu
wjfndaOh
mdvu lshjd my; i|yka m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re imhkak'
1' irKxlr ysñhka bf.kSug oelajQ oeä Wkkaÿj ms<sn| lshefjk
isÿùula mdvfuka Wmqgd olajkak'
2' irKxlr ysñhka úiska rpkd lrk ,o .%ka: folla kï lrkak'
3' irKxlr ysñ ,.a.,g msgqjy,a lrk ,oafoa l=uk fya;=jla ksid o@
4' furgg Wmiïmodj f.k wd rg yd ta iu. meñ‚ m%Odk NslaIQka
jykafiaf.a ku ,shkak'
5' uykqjr wei< fmryefrys irKxlr ysñhka úiska lrk ,o fjki
l=ula o@
12 13fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
iudkd¾: mo
lsishï mohlg w¾:fhka iudk wfkl=;a mo iudkd¾: mo f,i
ye¢kafõ' f,aLk l=i,;d j¾Okh lr .ekSu i|yd iudkd¾: mo y÷kd
.ekSu jeo.;a fõ' tu.ska f,aLkhla ukdj ilia lsÍug odhl;ajh
,efnk neúks' rpkd ,sùfï § wjia:djg .e<fmk jpk fh§u i|yd
iudkd¾:j;a mo oek isàu jeo.;a h'
WodyrK(
i| - pkaøhd" ksYdlr" ;rem;s
uj - wïud" uE‚fhda
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' my; i|yka moj,g iudkd¾: mo mdvfuka fidhd ,shkak'
i. .%ka:h - ii. m%jD;a;sh -
iii. T¿j - iv. Woafhda.h -
v. iu¾: - vi. Ydikh -
2' mdvfï fh§ we;s my; i|yka moj,g iudkd¾: mo fidhd
,shkak'
i. úúO - ii. NdId -
iii. wjidkh - iv. m%idoh -
v. iufha - vi. úfha -
3' jrykg msáka § we;s jpkh fjkqjg fhÈh yels jpk ;=kla
jryka ;=< we;' fkd .e<fmk jpkh f;dard háka brla w¢kak'
i. wyi ^..k" .=jk" kqn" mjk&
ii. f.h ^ksji" ue÷r" N=jk" úuk&
iii. o;a ^oka;" pQ¾K" oika" o<&
iv. uqyqo ^iuqÿr" ihqr" rejka" is÷&
v. uqyqK ^j;" isis" uqj" jqjk&
12 13fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' mdvu Yío k.d lshjkak'
2' fuu mdvu Tfí ñ;=rl=g$jeäysáhl=g y`v kÕd lshjkakg §
fyd¢ka wid isáñka jeo.;a lreKq igyka lr .kak'
3' irKxlr ysñhka ms<sn| ;j;a Ôjk f;dr;=re Tfí .=re;=ud$
.=re;=ñhf.ka wid oek .kak'
4' irKxlr ysñhkaf.a pß;fhka ,nd .; yels Ôú;do¾Y ms<sn|
ud;Dldkql+, l;djlg lreKq tla/ia lrkak' tu l;dj
mka;shg$idys;H iñ;shg bÈßm;a lrkak'
5' irKxlr ysñhka jeks my; i|yka úYsIag .Kfha NslaIQka
jykafia ms<sn| f;dr;=re fidhd mx;shg bÈßm;a lrkak'
² f;dg.uqfõ rdyq, ysñ
² ñf.Ügqj;af;a .=Kdkkao ysñ
6' jpk /ia lr tAjdg iudkd¾: mo yd úreoaOd¾: mo ,shd fmd;a
msxpla ilia lrkak'
4' jrykg msáka § we;s mohg iudkd¾: mohla jryka ;=< we;'
tu jpkh f;dard háka brla w¢kak'
i. m%.;sh ̂mqyqKqj" iq.;sh" ÈhqKqj" úr;sh&
ii. lS¾;sh ̂whi" wmlS¾;sh" wNsudkh" hii&
iii. ksh; ^ksr;" kshu" ks¾hd;" ks¾ñ;&
iv. m%ùK ^m%dÖk" ksmqK" m%;SÖk" kùk&
v. wdjdi ^ksjdi" m%dldr" m%ido" WoHdk&
14 15fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
wlaIr ud,dj yd wlaIr úkHdih
NdIdjla iE§ we;af;a Yíoj,ska nj;a tu Yío weig fmfkk mßÈ
,shd oelaùug wlaIr - tkï wl=re - fhdod .kakd nj;a Tn bf.k
f.k we;' j¾;udkfha ,sùu i|yd iïu; lr f.k we;s isxy,
wlaIr ud,dfõ we;s wl=re .Kk 60ls' ta wl=re yeg iajr yd
jH[ack hkqfjka j¾. flfrk nj;a iajr ksfhdackh lsÍug ms,s
fyj;a ms,a,ï fhdod .kakd wdldrh;a Tn oekg u;a yodrd we;'
wlaIr ud,dj fyj;a fydaäh iïnkaOj ;j ÿrg;a oek .; hq;=
lreKq lsysmhla fï mdvfuys we;=<;a fjhs'
fuys wlaIr úkHdi Í;s we;=<;a fldgi iïmdokh lr we;af;a
uydpd¾h i|f.dañ fldamrfyajdf.a isxy, wlaIr úkHdi wldrdÈh
lD;sh weiqfrks'
3
14 15fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
w wd b B W W!
t ta T ´
l . c
g v K
; o k
m n u
h r , j
i y <
wx
iajr(
jH[ack(
by; oelafjkafka Tn m%d:ñl fY%a‚j, § W.;a wlaIr ud,dj hs' wm
i;=j mj;sk mer‚ u jHdlrK .%ka:h jk iso;a i`.rdj kue;s fmdf;a
oelafjkafka o fuu wlaIr ud,dj hs' tu wlaIr ud,dj iso;a iÕrd
fydaäh kñka ye¢kafjhs' th moH rpkh i|yd Ndú; jQ wlaIrj,ska
muKla iukaú; nj W.;=kaf.a u;hls'
iso;a i`.rdj ,shù we;af;a wÈka jir 800lg muK fmr h' Bg wdikak
ld,fha .oH .%ka: ,sùfï § fuu wlaIr ud,dfõ we;=<;a fkd jQ
fjk;a wlaIr o Ndú; lr we;' tA ld,fha ,shejqKq ioaO¾ur;akdj,sh
kue;s lD;sfhka Wmqgd .;a my; i|yka mdG úuid n,uq'
“oyila riska nn<k wNskj iQ¾hhd fuka''''”“:q,a, ;siai f;reka jykafia kï Y=oafOdaok rÊcqrejkaf.a keÕ‚
flfkl=kaf.a mq;Kqjka jykafia h' uyKj rElaI m%;sm;a;s kue;s
r¿ mr¿ foh yer''' ”
“'''msOdkhla yrk l,la fuka uqL moauh újD; fldg'''”
fuu mdGj, ;o l¿ meyefhka olajd we;af;a" mdvfï by; oelajqKq
wlaIr ud,dfõ ksfhdackh ù ke;s wl=re h' uydm%dK wl=re" ;d¨c ‘Y’ yd uQ¾Oc ‘I’ hk wl=re ta w;r fjhs'
w;S;fha moH rpkd lsÍfï § uydm%dK wlaIr Ndú;hla olakg fkd
,eì‚'
16 17fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
“;ud jroi fkdÈiafka - furud fodia ue Èiafka” lõis¿ñK
“foudmsh isfkye;s - j¢kqj md mshqï fm;s
tl=ure keó .;s - Tjqka l÷<ska msg f;ó .;s” ldjHfYaLrh
tjlg ,shejqKq moH .%ka:j, fkd fhÿK o .oH .%ka:hkays uydm%dK
wlaIr fhÿKq nj by; i`oyka flßKs' uydm%dK wl=re yd Y" I" wl=re
yuq jkafka md,s yd ixialD; hk NdIdj, mu‚' isxy, .µ lD;sj,
md,s yd ixialD; jpk fhdod we;s neúka wmg uydm%dK yd Y" I jeks
wl=re tajdhska yuq fjhs' ‘p’ wlaIrh o yuq jkafka md,s yd ixialD;
jpkj, mu‚' isxy, mµfha fkd fhÿKq" iso;a iÕrd fydaäfhys fkd
oelafjk ;j;a wl=re lsysmhla o .µ .%ka:j, yuq fjhs' .oH f,aLkh
i|yd Ndú; flfrk uydm%dK wl=re;a" Y" I" p hk wl=re;a we;=<;a
wlaIr ud,dj ñY% isxy, fydaäh hkqfjka ye¢kafõ'
j¾;udkfha Ndú; flfrk ñY% isxy, wlaIr ud,dj wl=re yeglska
iukaú; h' tys i[a[l wlaIr o we;=<;a fõ'
j¾;udkfha Ndú; flfrk isxy, wlaIr ud,dj
iajrw wd we wE b B
W W! R RD Ì Ï
t tA ft T ´ T!
jH[ack
^w&x ^w&#
l L . > X Õ
p P c ® [ `c
g G v V K ~
; : o O k |
m M n N u U
h r , j
Y I i y < *
16 17fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
wo Ndú; flfrk isxy, fydaähg wl=re yegla we;=<;a ù we;af;a
l,ska l, NdIdfõ isÿ jQ fjkialïj, m%;sM, jYfhks'
md,s" ixialD; NdIdj, n,mEu ksid R" RD" Ì" Ï" ft" T! hk iajr;a
uydm%dK wlaIr yd X" p" [" uQ¾Oc I" ;d¨c Y" ^w&# hk jH[ack;a
isxy, wlaIr ud,djg tlaj ;sfí' fydaäh wjidkfhys oelafjk *
ixfla;h bx.sßis yd ´,kao jeks NdIdj, F/Ph hkqfjka ,shd olajkq
,nk Yíoh isxy, f,aLkfha oelaùug ilia lr .;a;ls'
i[a[l wlaIr isxy, NdIdjg u wkkH jQ wlaIr úfYaIhls'
w,amm%dK - uydm%dK wlaIr Ndú;h
j¾;udkfha Ndú; flfrk isxy, fydaäfha jH[ackdlaIr w;r
uydm%dK wlaIr 10la yd Bg wkqrEm w,amm%dK wlaIr 10la ;sfí'
² w,amm%dK wlaIr(
l
p
g
;
m
.
c
v
o
n
WÉpdrKh lsÍfï § wvq y~lska Yío jk fï wl=re w,amm%dK f,i
ye¢kafõ'
² uydm%dK wlaIr(
L
P
G
:
M
>
®
V
O
N
uydm%dK hkafkys wre; ‘WÉpdrKfha § Yajik jdhqj jeä m%udKhla
msg lrñka Yío lrk’ hkq hs' uydm%dK Yío WÉpdrKfha § uqLfhys
18 19fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ls%hdldß;ajh flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lsÍfuka Tng w,amm%dK-uydm%dK
fNaoh hkq l=ula oehs ksrdlrKh lr .ekSu myiq jkq we;' w,amm%dK
Yíoh uqúka msg jk úg ta iu. ksl=;a jk jdhq Odrdfõ m%udKhg jvd
jeä jdhq Odrdjla uydm%dK Yío WÉpdrKfha § ksl=;a jkq ye¢k .;
yels h'
isxy, f,aLkfhys uydm%dK wlaIr yuq jkafka md,s yd ixialD;
NdIdj,ska .;a we;eï jpk ,sùfï § mu‚'
Wod( L - f,aLk > - ix>
P - idlÉPd ® - iÊ®dhkd
G - mdGYd,dj V - .+V
: - .%ka: O - j¾Ok
M - m%;sM, N - m%Njh
i[a[l wlaIr Ndú;h
ñY% isxy, fydaäfha jH[ackdCIr w;r “i[a[l” hkqfjka ye¢kafjk
wl=re 5la we;' tajd kï Õ" `c" ~" |" U hk wl=re hs' fuhska i[a[l
`c hkak j¾;udk f,aLk jHjydrfha olakg ke;' i[a[l wl=re
mohl uq, fkd fhfok w;r y,a ù fhfokafka o ke;'
my; oelafjk lúfhys i[a[l wl=re iys; jpk fh§ we;s wdldrh
ksÍCIKh lrkak'
k, uqÿ iqj| msß l=Uq ñhqre wU f.ä
mq, fy< l=iqu ,sh msh f;m, rka flç
i, iqÿ fifur fiai;a .sð÷fkdo jeä
n, iqn ksñ;s fmruÕ kel;g;a jeä
ksis mßÈ i[a[l fkd fh§fuka jpkj, w¾: fjkia úh yels h'
w. - wÕ
wv - w~
wo - w|
wn - wU
18 19fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
wlaIr úkHdi Í;s
f,aLkfha tk lsishï mohlg wh;a wlaIr tlsfklg .<md ,shkq
,nk wkqms<sfj< wlaIr úkHdih hkqfjka ye¢kafõ' fmdÿfõ isxy,
f,aLlhka w;r ms<s.ekSug ,la ù we;s wlaIr úkHdi Í;s fyj;a rgd
iuQyhla isxy, f,aLk jHjydrfha y÷kd .; yels h' tfy;a we;eï
moj, wlaIr úkHdih ms<sn| Í;s oelaúh fkd yels h'
kQ;k isxy, f,aLk jHjydrfha wlaIr úkHdi ms<sn| fmdÿ Í;s
ud,djla my; oelafõ'
k" K wlaIr Ndú;h
“Kh” hk jpkh yereKq úg" fjk;a lsisÿ kQ;k isxy, jpkhl
wdrïNfhys “K” ldrh fkd fhfohs'
Kh" Khldrhd" Kh.e;s" Khuqo,a
mohl wjidkfha zzKZZ ldrh fhfo;;a th y,a ù fkd fhfoa'
modjidkfha y,a ù fhfoa kï th wksjd¾hfhka u oka;c zzkaZZ úh
hq;= h'
w;aika ^w;aik& blauka ^blauk&
lka ^lk& myka ^myk&
kdu moj, yd úfYaIK moj, “r” hkakg miqj fhfokafka uQ¾Oc
“K” ldrh hs'
r K wêlrK widOdrK
WmlrK mqrdK
mßKduh oreKq
y,a “r” hkakg miqj fhfokafka uQ¾Oc “K” ldrh hs'
l¾K wiïmQ¾K
j¾K ixlS¾K
rldrdxYh iys; wlaIrhlg miqj o fhfokafka uQ¾Oc “K” ldrh hs'
wduka;%K m%Kdu
uqøK fY%a‚h
¾ K
20 21fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
.egh iys; we,ms,a,g miqj o uQ¾Oc “K” ldrh fhfohs'
RK ;DK
² by; i|yka rgdj,g wkql+, fkd jk wjia:d lSmhla o isxy,
f,aLk jHjydrfha yuq fjhs'
“r” hkakg mrj “K” ldrh fhfo;;a" “r” hkakg miqj fhfok
“k” wlaIrh mofha wjidk wl=r kï th oka;c “ka” wl=r u fjhs'
mqrka ñksrka f;drka
rka nureka uiqrka
“;” “:” “o” “O” “k” hk wl=rlg uq,ska y,a ù fhfokafka oka;c
“ka” wlaIrh hs'
ka; ( m%dka; Ñrka;k
ka: ( .%ka: .%kaÓh
kao ( ulrkao pkaok
kaO ( wkaO iq.kaO
kak ( Tgqkak me/kafkda
l%shd moj, “r” ldrhg miqj fhfokafka oka;c “k” ldrh hs'
lrkjd - lrkq - lrk
orkjd - orkq - ork
yodrk - yodrkq - yodrk
bx.%Sis" wrdì jeks NdIdj,ska isxy,hg meñ‚ moj, “r” ldrhg miqj
oka;c “k” ldrh ,súh hq;= h'
w¾kiaÜ (Earnest) j¾kka (Vernan) l=rdkh (Quaran) brdkh (Iran) kshqfrdakh (Neuron) ,¾k¾ia (Learners)
uQ¾Oc “I” ldrhg miqj fhfokafka uQ¾Oc “K” ldrh hs'
;DIaKdj mdIdK
¥IK NslaIqŒ
r$ka
ka ;
:
o
O
k
I K
20 21fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
;d¨c “Y” ldrhg miqj fhfokafka oka;c “k” ldrh hs'
Y k
foaYk m%Yak
o¾Yk úu¾Yk
oka;c i-hkakg miqj fhfokafka oka;c “k” hkak hs'
wiaik jiaidk
wiak ,iaik
tfy;a “Y” hkafkys rldrdxYhla iys; kï t;ek fhfokafka uQ¾Oc
“K” hkak hs'
ñY%K fY%a‚ iïñY%K
“g” “G” “v” “V” “K” hk uQ¾Oc wlaIrj,g uq,ska uQ¾Oc “K” wl=r
fhfoa'
Ka g
G
v
K
>Kagdr" lKagl
wys.=KaÀl" lKaGc
wLKav" wdKavq
;ïnmKaKs" jKaKkd
² tfia jqj o my; oelafjk mo ;=ka j¾.h flf¾ by; Í;sh n,
fkd mdhs'
hqfrdamSh NdIdj,ska wd mo (
wekafgkdj (antenna) le,ekavrh (calander) fgkavrh (tender) je,kaghska (valentine)
my; oelafjk j¾.hg wh;a l%shd mo (
lrkag lrkav
is;kag is;kav
“g” hkafkka iïnkaO jk kdu mo (
orejkag Tjqkag
ldka;djkag ñksiqkag
22 23fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
f.!rjd¾:h yeÕùug Ndú; flfrk moj, uQ¾Oc “K” hkak fhfoa'
mshdfKda" mshdKka mq;Kqfjda" mq;Kqjka
Èh‚fhda" Èh‚hka mq;Kav" u,Kav
my; oelafjk j¾.fha l%shd moj, uQ¾Oc “K” ldrh fhfoa'
¸' ,eìK" ,eì‚ jeáK" jeá‚ oeksK" oeks‚
¸¸' ,enqK" ,enqKq weiqK" weiqKq fhÿK" fhÿKq
¸¸¸' ,enqKd h" ,enqKdy" ,enqfKñ" ,enqfKuq" ,enqfKa h
,enqfKd;a" ,enqfKda h
my; oelafjk wdldrfha w;S; ld, l%shd moj, uQ¾Oc “K” ldr
folla fhfoa'
weñ‚K" weñ‚‚ weuqKqK" weuqKqKq
.e‚K" .e‚‚ .eKqK" .eKqKq
meñ‚K" meñ‚‚ meuqKqK" meñKqKq
úls‚K" úls‚‚ úlsKqK" úlsKqKq
“-kak” hkqfjka wjika jk tal jpk kdu moj," fhfokafka oka;c
“k” ldrh hs'
bkak ( bks .skak ( .sks
Tgqkak ( Tgqkq ÿkak ( ÿkq
we;skak ( we;sks hlskak ( hlsks
fou< niska wd moj, yuq jk uQ¾Oc “K” ldrh ta wdldrfhka u
ksrEmKh lsÍu fyda ta fjkqjg oka;c “k” ldrhlska ,sùu fyda l<
yels h'
lKaKdä$lkakdä ^fo' lKaKdä&
jKaKu$jkaku ^fo' jKaKï&
22 23fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
," < wlaIr Ndú;h
uQ¾Oc “<” hkafkka wdrïN jk mo tajdfha w¾: wkqj m%fNao lSmhlg
fjka l< yels h'
¸' yDoh" yoj;" is;" mmqj hk w¾:h fok mo (
<ne¢" <ueo" <h" <eu" f<ka.;=
¸¸' <má" nd," fkd fïrE hk w¾:h fok mo (
<o" <oeßh" <m¨" <ysre" <dnd,
¸¸¸' ióm" wdikak" kqÿre hk w¾:h fok mo (
B<`." <x ^fjkjd&" <`." <`.ska
¸¹' fjk;a mo (
<| ^ldka;dj&" <ud" <eyen" <s|" <eõ
mohl wjidkfha “<” ldrh fhfo;;a" mo wjidkfhys y,a ù
fhfokafka oka;c “,” wl=r ñi uQ¾Oc “<” wl=r fkd fõ'
ll=, ^ll=,a& f;d, ^f;d,a&
“,a,” hk wdldrhg fhfok moj, fhfokafka oka;c “,” wl=r hs'
we`.s,a, - we`.s,s ish,A, - ish¨
uy,a,d - uy¨ u,a, - u¨
“ms<s” hkafkka wdrïN jk mo uQ¾Oc “<” ldrh iys;j ,súh hq;= h'
ms<s.kakjd ms<s;=re
mss<sn| ms<sfj<
‘fmd<’ hkak uQ¾Oc “<” ldrh iys;j fhfoa'
wUkafmd< fj<|fmd<
.ïfmd< jevfmd<
ÿïßh fmd< .=jka f;dgqfmd<
24 25fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
fou< niska wd moj, yuq jk uQ¾Oc “<” ldrh ta wdldrfhka u
ksrEmKh lsÍu fyda ta fjkqjg oka;c “,” ldrhlska ,sùu fyda isÿ
l< yels h'
l<mqj$l,mqj ^fo' l<mamq&
ud<s.dj$ud,s.dj ^fo' ud<sffl&
Y" I" i wl=re Ndú;h
;d¨c “Y” hkafkka werfUk jpk rdYshla ñY% isxy,fha we;'
Yío YiH Ydia;%
Y;l Y,H YsLr
YÍr Yl% Y=oaO
“j” hkakg uq,ska “Y” fhfoa'
wYajhd" wdYajdi" úYajh" úYajdi
“p” hkakg uq,ska “Y” fhfoa'
wdYap¾hh ksYap,
mYapd;a mYaÑu
Y" I wl=re tl <Õ fhfok úg “Y” hkak uq,ska fhfoa'
úfYaI YsIAgdpdrh
YsIHhd wjfYaI
“Y” wl=re folla tlg fh§u
ksYaYío ÿYaYS,
g" G" l" m wlaIrj,g uq,ska uq¾Oc “I” fhfoa'
g ( úYsIAg" ÿIAg" wksIAg
G ( lksIAG" fcHaIAG" fY%aIaG" O¾ñIAG
l ( Y=IAl" ÿIalr" wfmalaIl" ksIal%Sh
m ( mqIam" ksIAM," jdIAm" ksIAmdok
24 25fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
“;” hkakg uq,ska oka;c “i” hkak fhfoa'
mqia;ld, iuia;
m%ia;dr m%ia;dj
jia;= jdia;=
úia;r
fjk;a wjia:d
wdNdih wdiajdoh
úiauh fldÜGdi
wjfndaOh
1' merKs fydaäfha fkdue;s jqj;a j¾;udkfha Ndú; isxy,
wlaIr ud,dfõ we;=<;a wlaIr j¾. folla kï lrkak'
2' iso;a iÕrd fydaäfha we;s iajr wl=re ,shd olajkak'
3. i[a[l wl=re ,shd olajkak'
4' isxy, wlaIr ud,dfõ uydm%dK wlaIr lSh o@ tA fudkjd o@
5. iso;a iÕrd fydaäfha we;=<;a fkd jQ kuq;a th ,shejqKq hq.fha
fmd; mf;ys fhÿKq iajrhla mdvu weiqfrka kï lrkak'
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' my; oelafjk lúfhys fh§ we;s i[a[l wl=re iys; mo
Wmqgd olajkak'
i,a imq lSK fodU ? r`. kd ñfo,S
mq,a trye¢ fydam¨ ó wU mf<d,S
fmd,a mqjl=Õ= rU u, nq,; i,su,S
ks,a .k id fijK¨ fof;r ukl,S
26 27fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
2' my; i|yka mdGh lshjd tys fh§ we;s uydm%dK wlaIr iys;
jpk Wmqgd olajkak'
“fm%!V b;sydihlg ysñlï lshk fï Y%S ,xldoaùmfhys i;=re
.k÷re ì| yer Oj, P;% kexjQ fYa%IaG krm;shl= jQ jÜg.dñŒ
wNh uy rcqf.a rdcH iufha ud;f,a w¨ f,fka § uyd ix>
r;akh úiska ;%smsgl O¾u ix.dhkdjla mj;ajd wLKavj wdrlaId
lr .ekSu i|yd .%ka:drEV lr ;eîu Ydik b;sydifha jvd;a
m%;sM, odhl jQ ixisoaêhls'”3' my; oelafjk jdlHj, ysia ;ekg iqÿiq jpkh bÈßfha we;s
jrykska f;dard jdlHh iïmQ¾K lrkak'
i. iïm%odhdkql+,j fmd,a f;,a '''''''''''''''''''''' o,ajd W;aijh
wdrïN flßKs' ^myK - myk&
ii. i| ''''''''''''''''''''' m;s;j l=uqÿ u,a msfmhs' ^lsrk - lsrK&
iii. ''''''''''''''''''''' Ôùka /l .ekSu wfma hq;=luls' ^jk - jK&
iv. ysre nei h;a u ''''''''''''''''''''' w÷r me;sfrkakg úh'
^.K -.k&
v. keK ''''''''''''''''''''' msßmqka orejka youq' ^kqj‚ka - kqjkska&
vi. yuk u| ''''''''''''''''''''' .suk ksjhs' ^k< - k,&
vii. Tyqf.a .dhkh is;a weo .kakd ''''''''''''''''''''' úh' ^iq¿ - iq¨&
viii. foaYkfha § Tyq ''''''''''''''''''''' l< woyia ljqre;a w.h l<y'
^m, - m<&
ix. msmS jefkk ''''''''''''''''''''' mshqï jkh jefjys wisßh
lshd mdhs' ^fy, - fy<&
x. iuyre ''''''''''''''''''''' hg .sks fuka isf;ys ffjrh /l .ks;s'
^w¨ - w¿&
26 27fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' isxy, wlaIr ud,dj úúO wlaIr j¾. i|yd úúO j¾K iys;j
,shd igykla ms<sfh, lrkak'
2' mqj;am;l ,smshla f;dard f.k tys wlaIr úkHdi fodaI iys;
jpk ;sfí kï ksjerÈ lrkak'
4' ksjerÈ wlaIr úkHdih iys; jpkh f;dard ,shkak'
i. YsIaGdpdrh" YsIAgdpdrh" Ysiagdpdrh
ii. úYauh" úIauh" úiauh
iii. ksIAM," ksYam," ksiaM,
iv. wdYajdo" wdIajdo" wdiajdo
v. fldÜGdYh" fldÜGdih" fldÜGdIh
vi. ÿIag" ÿYag" ÿiag
vii. m%ia;dr" m%Ya;dr" m%Ia;dr
viii. wdNdIh" wdNdYh" wdNdih
ix. ksiaYío" ksYaYío" ksIAYío
x. úfYaIK" úfIAYK" úfiaik
5' my; oelafjk fþoj, wlaIr úkHdi fodaI iys; ia:dk ksjerÈ
lr ,shkak'
¸' lvfmd,g .sh ;d;a;d tk ;=re uu lvq,a, ,. n,d isáfhñ' ta
Tyq ug fgdmS folla /f.K tkq we;ehs hk úIajdifhks' wÿr
.,d toa§ wE; wyfia yo mdhd tkq fmkq‚'
¸' NdYdfõ úfIaY;ajhla jkafka f,aLKhg yd l;khg ndú; l,
yels ùu hs' isxy, ndYdj ie,l+ úg tys l;k iajrEMfha f,aLK
iajrEmhg jvd fjkialï mj;sk nj fmfKa'
6' my; i|yka jpk we;=<;a w¾:j;a jdlHh ne.ska ,shkak'
i. m%odk ii. kqjK
iii. kqn iv. l|
28 29fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
N+f.da,Sh idOl" mdßißl úfYaI;d" ksIAmdok l%u" Ôjk l%u
weoys,s" úYajdi" is;=ï me;=ï wdÈ fya;= ksid úúO jQ jHjydr /ila
isxy, NdIdjg tl;= ù we;' ù f.dú;ek yd ne÷Kq isß;a úß;a
yd tA wdY%s; ck jyr fï w;=frka úfYaIs; h' ‘ù’ nqoaO fNda.hla
f,i ie,fla' lu; yd ù w;r nqÿka jykafiaf.a yd foúhkaf.a
iïnkaO;djla we;ehs isxy,fhda úYajdi lr;s' ù f.dú;ek yd
ne÷Kq nia jyr yd isß;a úß;a fudkjd oehs y÷kd .kakg fï
mdvu Tng WmldÍ jkq we;'
Ths rhsf¾ Ths rdud4
28 29fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
wkqrdO" Tyqf.a uj;a iu. .ug .sfha Èk ;=kl ksjdvqj .; lsÍug h'
;u ududf.a mq;d jk isßu,a iu. fi,a,ï lsÍu ;rï i;=gla Tyqg
ke;' fï ksjdvqj ,eîfï i;=g fo.=K f;.=K jQfha udu,df.a l=Uqf¾
f.dhï mE.Su o fuÈkg u fh§ ;sîu ksid h'
ysre wjrg hkakg fmr odú;a rd,ydñ we;=¿ f.dú msßi lu;g hkakg
iQodkï jQy' isßu,a yd wkqrdO;a Tjqka yd tla jQy'
“mqf;a" wïudf.ka h;=r b,a,f.k tkak'”
“fyd|hs wmamÉÑ”
“fudlg o whsfha l=Uqrg h;=rla” wkqrdO weiS h'
“u,a,S" f.dhï md.k ;ek l;d lrkafka f.or l;d lrk jpkj,g
jvd fjkia jpk' luf;a jpk yß u fjkia' oeka wmamÉÑ ug f.akak
lsjqfõ l=,a,' l=,a,g ;uhs luf;a § h;=r ke;a;ï h;=re f.dhshdj
lshkafka'”
“wïfï h;=r flda@ wmamÉÑ f.akak lsjqjd”
“h;=r ù ìiai <Õ t,a,,d we;s mqf;a" fï r;= .Õ=,;a lu;g f.kshkak'
u,a,s;a tlal” lshñka nKavdr ue‚fla yl=re iu. f;a lyg fmdaÉÑhla
isßu,ag ÿkakd h'
“whsfha" f;a lygj,g fkao" r;= .Õ=, lshkafka@”
“Tõ" u,a,S" yl=rej,g lshkafka ‘ri fndah’ lsh,d' wms blaukg huq'
oeka wmamÉÑ wrla jf<a" wrla jia;= ;ekam;a lrkak ,Eia;s fjkjd
we;s'”
“whsfha" luf;a § ug wrla j< fmkakkak fydf|a'”
lu; wi,g meñK f;a lyg iy yl=re Ndckh ueiai u; ;enQ
isßu,a" wkqrdOf.a w;ska w,a,d .;af;a h'
“u,a,S" f.dhï md.kak meÿre t<,d ;shk ;ekg lshkafka ‘mdjr’ lsh,d'
‘lu;’ lshkafka fld< uvjk uq¿ ìug u' lu;g ‘l,úg’ lsh,;a lshkjd'
wr lu; ueo wmamÉÑ bkak ;ek ;uhs wrla j< ;sfhkafka' huq t;ekg'”
30 31fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
“wmamÉÑ" fï wkqrdO u,a,sg wrla j< .ek lsh,d fokakflda”
“tkak mqf;a" f.dhï luf;ka ;shk kel;;a <Õ hs' fukak fu;ek
;uhs wrla j<” hs lshñka Tyq lu; ueo" wrla j< u; ;ekam;a lrkakg
iQodkï lr we;s wrla jia;= .ek o meyeÈ,s lf<a h'
uq,ska u ly j;=r by,d y÷ka lsß meka by,d ;uhs ksoka jia;= ;shkafka'
wrla j< ueo ‘f.dka lKqj’ ysgjkjd' fïjd ;uhs wrla jia;=' fï lgq
yla fn,a,dg lshkafka' ‘wrla fn,a,d’ lsh,d' fï T!IO fmdÜgkshg
lshkafka ‘wrla uq;a;d’ lsh,hs' hlv lE,a,l=;a ;ekam;a lrkak ´kE'
tA ksid ;uhs" wms fï ‘,shkakdj’ ;shkafka hS lshñka odú;a rd,ydñ
oEle;a;la fmkaù h' nq,;a iy mqjla o t;ekska ;enQ Tyq"
“mqf;a fï fiaru wfma pdß;%' mdjr wdrCId lrkakghs fï isß;a
lrkafka' oeka fj,dj yß' mq;d,d mdjfrka tydg fj,d n,d f.k
bkak'” odú;a rd,ydñ wrla jia;= ksoka lr je÷ï msÿï wdrïN lf<a h'
“wkak whsfha" udud w¿j,ska fudlla o w¢kjd'”
“wd'''tA w¢kafka lu;a hka;f¾' Th hka;f¾g ‘wgu.,’ lsh,;a
lshkjd' ‘w¿yka jvkjd’ lshkafka Th pdß;%hg ;uhs'”
“wr f,dl= f.dhï f.dv <Õg huq whsfha'”
“t;ekg oeka u hkak neye' ta f.dhï f.dvg lshkafka ‘jg u¿j’ lsh,d' ‘f.dhï fld<h’ lsh,;a lshkjd' Thd n,d f.k bkakflda
oeka wmamÉÑ fudlo lrkafka lsh,d'”
odú;a rd,ydñ jg u¿j fj; f.dia tys y;r me;af;ka ‘Wmamsv’ ne.ska
f.k wrla j< jid we;s iqÿ msrejgh u; ;nd ù lr,a w;ska fmdä lr
f.dhñka fjka lr .;a ù weg lu; mqrd biafia h'
“wehs whsfha lu; mqrd ù byskafka@”
“tAl;a pdß;%hla' tAlg lshkafka ‘ne; jvkjd’ lsh,d' yenehs luf;a §
ùj,g lshkafka ‘ne;’ lsh,d' oeka jg u¿fõ f.dhï" mdjrg f.fkhs'
fnda,;af;ka lu; w;= .d,d ly j;=r by,d ;uhs ‘uymamsv’ uq,ska u
mdjfrka ;shkafka'”
30 31fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
“isßu,a mqf;a" ishd;= udud;a tlal uqÿkd mdjrg wrf.k tkak'”
odú;a rd,ydñ lu;g f.kd uqÿkd wrla j< ueo isgqjd we;s f.dka
lKqfõ nekafoa h' uqÿkd iu. wïnrefjda i;r fofkla wd¢k ,oy'
odú;a we;=¿ f.dú msßi mdjrg je|" fld< f.dka .eySu wdrïN l<y'
wïnrejka olalñka f.dhï ueãug wdidfjka n,d isá wkqrdO" isßu,a
iu. mdjrg mh ;eî h'
“tkak u,a,S wms f.dkaldrfhda fjuq” hs lshñka isßu,a flúg w;g
.;af;a h' wkqrdOf.a w;g o È. fldagqjla ÿka isßu,a" “u,a,s;a fï
flúg .kak” hs lshñka ´fia we§u werö h' w~yerfha y~ fj,a hdh
mqrd fodaxldr fokakg úh'
“fyda'''''''fyda'''''''wïud''''''hd''''''''ka''''''''wmamd''''''Ths''''''rhsf¾'''''''Ths
rdud''''''fld< uevmd''''ka'''''fydhs''''''rdfuda''''''”
“whsfha" Tkak" Tkak"” lshñka wkqrdO mfilg jQfha uqyqK yl=<d
f.k" keyeh o jid .ksñks'
“wd''''yß" yß” lshñka" isßu,a uevqjka álla oE;g f.k wïnrejka
fy<k f.dïmia w,a,d tAjd mdjrg jeàu j<lajd luf;ka msg;g ùis
lf<a h'
“whsfhda u,a,S" tAjg le; ys;,d nE' f.dïmia mdjrg jefgkak fokafka
kE' ne;g f.dïmia jefgk tl fyd| kE' wkak" u,a,S wr l,d;hd
mdjfrka msg hkafka' W!j fuydg .kak'”
“ljqo whsfha@ fldfya o" l,d;hd bkafka@”
“wd'''''ug tAl lsh,d fokak neß jqKd' fï f.dka lKqj <Õ u bkafka
uqÿkd' thd ;uhs fï wE÷;af;a kdhlhd'”
“B <Õg fld<uq;a;d' B <Õg t<súiaid' B <Õg uÜghd' wka;suhd
;uhs l,d;hd' thd yeu ;siafia u mdjfrka t<shg hkak n,kjd'
fï yefudag u luf;a § lshkafka yrla lsh,d fkfjhs" ‘wïnrefjda’ lsh,d'”
32 33fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
“yd''yd'' huq orejfka" fiaoeß lruq' fiaoeß lruq'”
fyda'''''fyda'''''wïud'''''hd'''''ka''''''wmamd'''''''
lshñka ishd;= wïnrejka olalkakg úh'
“u,a,S wms jev blauka lruq' ishd;= udud wmg lsjqfõ tAlhs'”
fï l;dny w;r fld<uq;a;d f.dhï lkakg úh' th ÿgq isßu,a"
“u,a,S" Th fld<uq;a;d f.dhï ‘id;a;=’ fjkjd" flúfgka ;Ügq lr,d
.uk blauka lrjkak'”
uÿrejkaf.ka wdrlaId ùfï yd wdf,dalh ,nd .ekSfï wruq‚ka
luf;ka msg .sksue< .eiSu idudkHfhka isÿ jkakls' idÈßia Wkakefya
.sks fud<jkakg fld< frdvq yd or /ia lf<a h' luf;a § fï l%shdj
y÷kajkafka ‘r;a;d fnda lsÍu’ hkqfjks' idÈßia r;a;d fnda lroa§ ú,shï
meÕsß fndah mqrkakg úh' ‘meÕsß fndah msÍu’ hkq nq,;a úg lEu hs'
fï w;r nKavdr ue‚fla" ìfida ue‚fla" ue.s,ska iy wkqrdOf.a uj
weUq, /f.k lu;g fiakaÿ jQy' tfy;a ldka;djkag lu; ;yxÑ h'
lEuj, iqj| oekqKq úg wkqrdOf.a nv.skak fmrg wdfõ h'
“whsfha" wms;a n;a luq'”
“u,a,S" luf;a n;a kE'”
“lu;a n;g lshkafka ‘weUq,’ lsh,d' iuyre ‘uq;af;Ügqj’ lsh,;a
lshkjd' luf;a § lkafka kE" imamdhï fjkjd" ke;akï id;a;=
fjkjd' fmdâvla bkak' wmamÉÑ l;d lrk ;=re'”
“isßu,a mqf;a" wïnrejka msg lu;a lrkak” lshñka odú;a rd,ydñ
weUq, ;nd we;s ueiai foig .sfha h'
“u,a,S" wïnrejka luf;ka msgg olaluq' Wka ‘bmke,a,’ W,d lld
b£ú'” isßu,a fuda,aläka wïnrejka l=Uqrg olald weUq, ri n,kakg
wdfõ wkqrdO o legqj h'
“u,amdjr lrkak l,ska imamdhï fjuq' ue‚fla weUq, fma l<d kï
32 33fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
fyd|hs” lshñka odú;a rd,ydñ ‘l=U,a f.äh’ w;g .;af;a tys j;=r msÍ
we;aoehs oek .ekSug h' nKavdr ue‚fla weUq, fn§u wdrïN l<d h'
uq,ska u ‘w;a;ug’ meñ‚ f.dùkag ix.%y lrkakg weh odú;a rd,ydñ
iu. tla jQjd h' isßu,a yd wkqrdO o lu;a nf;ys ri neÆy'
imamdhu wyjr jQ miq b;sß wvqu l=vqu tla /ia lr .;a ldka;dfjda
wdmiq hkakg ieriqKy'
“wms .syska tkakï rd,ydñ' ;j állska ‘l¿ .Õ=,’ tjkakï' isßu,a
mq;d f.or tjkak'”
“ue‚fla" yS,a wvqlal=jg ‘lsß ln¿’ álla iQodkï lrkak'”
“fyd|hs rd,ydñ”
“whsfha" fudkjo lsß ln¿ lshkafka”
“Wfoa lEug luf;a § lshkafka yS,a wvqlal=j' yS,a wvqlal=jg wdmam
yokak lsh,d ;uhs wmamÉÑ wïug lsjqfõ' Tkak Thdg Wfoag wdmam;a
lkak mq¿jka fydf|a' ;j állska wms huq l¿ .Õ==, f.akak' Thd
ys;kafka fudkjo l¿ .Õ=, lshkafka@”
“fldams fjkak we;s' wehs wms tk fldg f.kdfj r;= .Õ=, fka' r;=
.Õ=, lshkafka f;a lyg kï l¿ .Õ=, lshkafka fldams fjkak ´kE'”
“yßhg yß u,a,S”
fofokd u kej; mdjrg .sfha B<Õ uevùug uq, mqrkakg h'
“u,a,S" fï f.dhï .iaj, ;snqKq ù weg Tlafldu oeka mdjrg ye,s,d'
fï uevjqKq f.dhug lshkafka ‘uevqjka’ lsh,d' fïjdfha ;sfhk ù
weg mdjrg jefgk úÈhg uevqjka y, y,d luf;ka msgg odkjd' wr
n,kak wmamÉÑ wf;a ;sfhkafka fudlla o lsh,d' tAlg lshkafka ‘oe;s
f.dhshdj’ lsh,hs' taflka ;uhs uevqjka wjqiai,d fokafka'”
“tAl ,Sj,ska yomq tlla fka o@”
Tõ' lrejla ;sfhk ,Shlska ;uhs oe;s .y yokafka' m<uqfjks uevqjka
y,d nEug lshkafka ‘u,a mdjr’ lrkjd lsh,hs'
34 35fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
“tA lshkafka oeka jev bjr o@”
“kE''kE''" wmamÉÑ,d wdfhu;a ‘jg odkjd'’ Bg miafihs wms fokakg
jev ;sfhkafka'”
“fudkj o jfÜg odkafka@”
“lu; jfÜ ;=kS fj,d úisß,d ;sfhk f.dhï mdjrg odkjg lshkafka
jg odkjd lsh,d'”
“wïnrejkag fkd mE.=Kq f.dhu fojeks ief¾ fld< f.dka .yk
fldghs mEf.kafka' f.dhu fyd¢ka uevfjk fldg ne; mdjrg
jefgkjd'”
“wkak" ú,shï udud wïnrejka wrf.k tkjd'”
“wehs whsfha" wïnrejka tA mdfrka u f.akafka”
“tfyu ;uhs u,a,S' yeu me;af;ka u yeu ;ekska u wïnrejka lu;g
.kafka kE' wïnrejka lu;g we;=¿ jk mdrg lshkafka ‘fuda,alv’ lsh,hs'”
“uf.a flúg flda isßu,a whsfha@”
“wd'''fï ;sfhkafka' Tkak u,a,S fï ief¾ kï f.dïmia w,a,kak
fjhs'''”
“yß" yß" oeka ug mq¿jka”
“mqf;a isßu,a" flda''''fï f.dkaldrfhda fokakd” odú;a rd,ydñ jg msg
n,oa§ isßu,a yd wkqrdO w~yer mdkakg jQy'
“fyda''''fyda''''wïud'''''
fyda''''fydahshd'''wmamd''''
Ths rhsf¾''''Ths''''rdud
fld< uevmd''''ka Ths rd''''fuda''''”
34 35fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ìiai OdkH ;ekam;a lr ;eîug ilik úYd, fmÜáh
Wmamsv w;g yiq jk ;rï m%udKhl f.dhï ñg
msrejgh msßisÿ iqÿ froaola
uymamsv luf;a ;nk uq,a u Wmamsv
wE÷;a; tlsfkldg wE|d we;s yrla
f.dka lKqj luf;a yrla .eg .yk lKqj
w~yerh wïnrejka Èßu;a lrk y~ .Eu
f.dïmia f.du
uq;af;Ügqj lu;a wdydrh$lu;a n;
;yxÑ ;yku
bmke,a, f.dhï lemSfuka miq f.dhï .fia b;sß fldgi
l=U,a f.äh l<h$j;=r Ndckh
weUq, fma lsÍu luf;a wdydr fn§u wdrïN lsÍu
w;a;u Woõjg jev lr §u
imamdhu wdydr wkqNj lsÍu
yS,a wvqlal=j Wfoa wdydrh
fiaoeß lrkjd blauka lrkjd
wre;a meyeÈ,s lsÍu
wjfndaOh
1' wkqrdOf.a ksjdvqj m%S;su;aj yd M,odhSj .; jkakg fya;= jQ
lreKq fudkjd o@
2' isßu,a wkqrdOg meyeÈ,s lr ÿkafka l=uk ld¾hhla .ek o@
3' mdjr /l .ekSu i|yd lrk pdß;% fláfhka meyeÈ,s lrkak'
4' w;a;ug jev lsÍu i|yd lu;g meñ‚ fofokl= kï lrkak'
5' wdydr mdk lsysmhla i`oyd úfYaI fhÿï fï mdvfï we;=<;a
fõ' tA fudkjd o@
36 37fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' ‘w’ ;Srej yd ‘wd’ ;Srej hd lrkak'
zwZ zwdZ
f.dkaldrfhda blauka lrkjd
wrla uq;a;d wE÷;af;a wka;suhd
fiaoeß lrkjd uevùu
uq;af;Ügqj wïnrejka olalkafkda
r;a;d fnda lsÍu nq,;a úg lkjd
u,a mdjr lsÍu wrla jf<ys ;ekam;a lrk T!IO
fmdÜgksh
meÕsß fndah mqrkjd Wfoa wdydrh
l,d;hd lu;a n;
fld< f.dka .eySu uq,a u uevqjka ye,Su
yS,a wvqlal=j .sksue< .eiSu
3' lu;a NdIdfõ my; i|yka fhÿï i|yd idudkH jHjydrfha
fhfok mo ,shkak'
i. h;=r - viii. weUq, -
ii. ne; - ix. uevqjka -
iii. flúg - x. meÕsß fndah -
iv. l¿ .Õ=, - xi. f.dï mia -
v. ri fndah - xii. imamdhu -
vi. ,shkakdj - xiii. fiaoeß -
vii. l=U,a f.äh - xiv. lsß ln¿ -
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' mdvfuys Tn is;a .;a wjia:djla Ñ;%hg k.kak'
2' luf;a § Ndú; flfrk úfYaI fhÿï ms<sn|j ì;a;s mqj;am;g
,smshla ilia lrkak'
36 37fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
kdu mo
ifÉ;ksl yd wfÉ;ksl ish¨ jia;= y÷kajk mo ‘kdu mo’ fjhs'
fï kdu mo flfrys" jpk fNaoh fyj;a ixLHd fNaoh" yd ,sx. fNaoh
n, mdhs'
jpk fNaoh ^ixLHd fNaoh&
.Kkh l< yels foaj,a ‘tlla’ fyda ‘tlg jeä’ hkqfjka ldKav l<
yels hs'
WodyrK (
u, ^tl hs& u,a ^tlg jeä hs&
l=re,a,d ^tla flkd hs& l=re,af,da ^tla flkdg jeä hs&
fuys § tla whl= fyda tla fohla fyda ye¢kafjk kdu mo tAl jpk
kdu mo f,i;a tla fohlg jeäfhka we;s foaj,a fyda tla wfhl=g
jeäfhka isák lKavdhula fyda ye¢kaùug fhdok kdu mo" nyq jpk
kdu mo f,i;a ye¢kafõ'
mdvfï we;=<;aj we;s kdu mo;a tA kdu mo nyq jpk kdu mo njg
yerfjk wdldrh;a n,uq'
tAl jpk nyq jpk
I l%uh
wïud
udud
whshd
mq;d
wïu,d
udu,d
whsh,d
mq;a;=
II l%uh
l=Uqr
h;=r
meÿr
l=Uqre
h;=re
meÿre
38 39fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
III l%uh
lu;
f.dhu
nq,;
isß;
lu;a
f.dhï
nq,;a
isß;a
IV l%uh
pdß;%h
hka;%h
msrejgh
pdß;%
hka;%
msrejg
V l%uh
l=,a, l=¨
VI l%uh
j<
fuda,alv
j<j,a
fuda,alvj,a
VII l%uh
wvqlal=j
lvd~qj
wvqlal=
lvd~q
VIII l%uh
wïnrejd
uÿrejd
wïnrefjda
uÿrefjda
tal jpk kdu mohla nyq jpk kdu mohla njg yrjd .kakg l%u
lSmhla ;sfnk nj Tng jegfykq we;'
38 39fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' tla tla l%uh hgf;a tAl jpk kdu mo my ne.ska ,shd tAjd nyq jpk kdu mo njg yrjd ,shkak'
2' my; i|yka j.=fjys ysia ;ekaj,g iqÿiq mo fhdod j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'
tAl jpk nyq jpk
isxyhd ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' f,akakq
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' fmd;a
wlald ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
lvh ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' m;=re
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ljr
fmÜáh ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
ojgkh ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' uy,af,da
3' ;%sfldaKh ;=< we;s kdu mo tal jpk yd nyq jpk hkqfjka j¾. lr j.=jl we;=<;a lrkak'
uu
lrdnqj
f;dms" .jqu
jy,h" mqgq" mEk
m;a;r" bífnda" f.j,a
lKaKdä" >Kagdrh
lïlrefjda" .=re;=ñh" j,dl=<
f,aLlfhda" l¾;D" wÜgd," ;re
ksfõolhd" l%Svlfhda" fmd;a" w,audß
l;=re" jÜáh" fmof¾refjda" l<ukdlre
40 41fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' Èh f.dv l%Svdj ^lS%vlfhda oifofkls'& Èh hkqfjka tAl jpk o
f.dv hkqfjka nyq jpk o ye¢kafjk njg lKavdhu u ;SrKh
lrkak' lKavdhï kdhlhd tAl jpk kdu mohla lshoa§ ‘Èh’ hkqfjka kdu mqjrejla .id we;s fldgig hd hq;= h' nyq jpk kdu
mohla lshoa§ ‘f.dv’ hkqfjka kdu mqjrejla .id we;s fldgig
hd hq;= h' wjOdkfhka isáfhd;a Tn Èkqï'
2' tla tla l%uh hgf;a tAl jpk mo" nyq jpk mo njg yrjd ,shk
,o kdu mo mqjrejla mka;s ldurfha m%o¾Ykh lrkak'
3' nyq jpk mohla ilia lr .kakd l%uj, § tAl jpk kdu moh
fjkia jk wdldrh wjfndaO lr .kakg W;aidy lrkak' hy¿jka
iu. idlÉPd lrkak'
mqreI fNaoh
ls%hd moj, mqreI fNaoh ms<sn|j Tn 6 fY%a‚fha § Wf.k we;' tu ls%hd
mo iys; jdlHj, fhfok kdu mo wod< mqreIh hgf;a my; oelafõ'
W;a;u mqreI yd uOHu mqreI ls%hd mo iu. fhfok kdu mo iSñ;
jQj;a m%:u mqreI ls%hd mo iu. fhÈh yels kdu mo /ils' ta w;=ßka
lsysmhla muKla my; j.=fõ oelafõ'
tal jpk nyq jpk
W;a;u mqreI uu
ud
wms
wm
uOHu mqreI kqU
f;da
kqU,d
f;dms$f;ms
m%:u mqreI fya$Tyq
´$wE$weh
<uhd
wïud
f.ú,sh
wïnrejd
l=re,a,d
Tjqyq
Tjqyq
<uhs
wïu,d
f.ú,sfhda
wïnrefjda
l=re,af,da
40 41fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
1' i. my; oelafjk wxl 01 rEmfha we;=<;aj we;s kdu mo" kshñ; j¾.hg wkqj wxl 02 rEmh ;=< i|yka lrkak'
uOHu mqreI ls%hd mo iu.
fhfok kdu mo
kd.hd" Tn" .=re;=ud" f;dms"
kqU" wms" ffjoHjrhd" uu"
mQcl;=ud" fyÈh"
lïlrefjda" kS;s{hd" ks<sh"
kqU,d" f,alï;=ud" l%Svlfhda
W;a;u mqreI ls%hd mo iu.
fhfok kdu mo
m%:u mqreI ls%hd mo iu.
fhfok kdu mo
02 rEmh
01 rEmh
,sÅ; wNHdi
42 43fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' ls%hd mofha mqreI ;=k iu. fhfok kdu mo my; i|yka wdldrfha
uelarï ieris,a,l we;=<;a lr mka;s ldurfha m%o¾Ykh lrkak'
mqreI fNaoh
W;a;u
uuf;da
kqU
Tn
wms
uOHu m%:u
wïud
mq;d
ÿj
,sx. fNaoh
kdu moj, ,sx. fNaohla o fjhs' mqreI ,sx." ia;%S ,sx. yd kmqxil ,sx.
hkqfjks' mqreIhska .ek lshefjk kdu mo mqreI ,sx. fyj;a mqreI
jdÖ kdu mo fjhs' ia;%Ska .ek lshefjk kdu mo ia;%S ,sx. fyj;a ia;%S
jdÖ kdu mo fjhs' wm%dKjdÖ kdu mo" kmqxil ,sx. fyj;a kmqxil
jdÖ kdu mo fjhs'
mqreI jdÖ kdu mo" ia;%S jdÖ kdu mo njg yrjd .kakd wdldrh bf.k
.ksuq'
mqreI jdÖ ia;%S jdÖ
I úêh
l=urd
ue;s
rc
l=uß
ue;sks
/ðks
42 43fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
II úêh
t¿jd
isgq
yxihd
isxyhd
t¿ fok
isgq foaú
yxi fèkqj
isxy fèkqj
III úêh
<uhd
uy;auhd
.eyekq <uhd
fkdakd uy;auhd
IV úêh
t¿jd
óhd
t<sÉÖ
óÉÖ
V úêh
wYajhd
fudkrd
rc
fj<U
finv
ìij
VI úêh
fidr
ljqvq
l=l=¿
fir
leúä
lsls<s
by; i|yka jkafka mqreI jdÖ kdu mo" ia;%S jdÖ kdu mo njg yrjd
.kakd úê lSmhls'
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' my; i|yka mqreI jdÖ kdu moj, ia;%S jdÖ kdu mo ,shkak'
bínd - f,aLl-
l=re,a,d - msßñ -
jiaid - lmqgd -
mq;d - we;d -
w,shd - kßhd -
44 PBfkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' ia;%S jdÖ mo" mqreI jdÖ mo yd kmqxil jdÖ mo fjka fjka jYfhka j¾. lrñka l=vd fmd;la ilia lrkak'
2' ia;%S jdÖ" mqreI jdÖ yd kmqxil jdÖ mo i|yka mqjre ì;a;sfha m%o¾Ykh lrkak'
3' ;o l¿ wl=frka uqøs; jpk flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrñka my;
i|yka jdlH lshjkak'
uu irex.,h hjñ' wms irex.,a hjuq' kqU fmd; n,ys' kqU,d fmd;a n,yq' Tn m;a;rh lshjys' kqU,d m;a;r lshjyq' fin<d rg rlshs' fin¿ rgj,a rls;s' u,a,S lñih w¢hs' u,a,s,d lñi w¢;s' ix.S; úYdrohd .S;h .hhs' ix.S; úYdrofhda .S; .h;s' ñksid fodr újD; lrhs' ñksiaiq fodrj,a újD; lr;s' jvqjd ,S m;=r lmhs' jvqfjda ,S m;=re lm;s' ;drldj wdf,dalh fkd fohs' ;drld wdf,dalh fkd fohs' f,akd l+vqj ;khs' f,akakq l+vq ;k;ss'
PB 45fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
Y%S ,xldfõ wysl=KaÀl ck;dj 5
wysl=KaÀl ckhd f,i ye¢kafjkafka lKavdhï jYfhka
;ek ;ek ixpdrh lrk" iaÓr jdiia:dkj, fkd jik ck
lKavdhuls' mkaish mkia cd;l fmdf;a zpïfmHh cd;lhZ o
ioaO¾ud,xldrfha zwysl=KaÀl j;a:qZ o w;S;fha mjd .ñka .u
weúÈñka khs kgjñka Èú f.jQ wysl=KaÀl kï f.da;%hla mej;s
njg idlaIH f,i ie,fla' flfia jqj o ,xldfõ wysl=KaÀl ckhd
bka§h l=rj¾ f.da;%hg iudklï olajk nj m¾fhaIlhkaf.a
woyi hs' ,xldfõ W;=re ueo" inr.uq yd kef.kysr m<d;aj,
nyq,j u ießirk wysl=KaÀl ckhdg Tjqkag u wdfõ‚l jQ
nia jyrla" isß;a úß;a wdÈh ;sfí' tA ms<sn|j lreKq we;=<;a
fï mdvu isxy, úYajfldaIh weiqfrka ilia lr we;' úúO ck
lKavdhï ms<sn| f;dr;=re oek f.k ,nk wjfndaOfhka" jvd
hym;a iudchla ks¾udKh lsÍug Tng yels h'
46 47fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
wysl=KaÀl ckhd idudkHfhka fjfikafka ;,a fld<j,ska ;kd
.kakd ;djld,sl me,am;aj, h' tla ;ekl Èk lsysmhlg jvd fkd
/f|k neúka Tjqka fï ksjdi ilia lrkafka ;ekska ;ek f.k hd
yels wdldrhg h' Wi wä myla muK jk fï me,am;la È.ska wä
kjhla yd m<,ska wä y;la muK fõ' lr;a; wUrdjl yevh .kakd
fï me,am;aj, ;ud i;= WmlrK ish,a, ;nd .ekSug Tjqyq lghq;=
lr;s' uial;a ̂ msysh&" frda¨ ̂ jxf.äh&" ;df, ̂ fíiu&" bruka ̂ ysrukh&"
i;a ^l=,a,&" miardhs ^weUreï .,&" loj ^l<h&" l=Kav ^lEu msisk
j<|&" msfmÜá ^fma<dj" khs fmÜáh& iy khs k<dj Tjqkaf.a WmlrK
lsysmhls' Ôjfkdamdh i|yd kgjk khd o nvq f.k hEu i|yd Wmldr
jk nQrejd o wdrlaIdj ,nd fok iy ovhfï § iydh jk n,a,d o
fudjqkaf.a Ôú;h yd ne÷Kq i;a;= fj;s' fï i;=ka wdorfhka /l n,d
.ekSu Tjqkaf.a isß; hs' fï w;ßka kd.hd Tjqkaf.a wd.ñl úYajdi
iu. o ne£ isáhs' ;ud fjfik ksjdi ‘kd. .Dyh’ hk wre;e;s ‘kd
b,a,’ kñka y÷kajk wysl=KaÀl ckhd kd.hdg úfYaI ie,ls,a,la
olaj;s' fndaêi;a;ajhkaf.a kd. wd;auhla i|yka jk ‘N+ßo;a; cd;lh’ ms<sn|j okakd Tjqyq th ;u j¾.hdf.a wdvïnrhg fya;=jla f,i
i,l;s'
yskaÿ wd.u Tjqka idudkHfhka woyk wd.u jqj o fn!oaOd.ñl
úYajdih u; mokïj fmdah Èkj, i;=ka ueÍfuka je<lS isákq oelsh
yels h' úIaKq" l;r.u" m;a;sks wdÈ foújreka weoySu o Tjqka w;r
fjhs' ovhï i|yd msg;aj hEfï § jkhg wrla .;a foúhkag l=l=¿
ì,a,la mqo lsÍu o Tjqkaf.a isß;ls'
jeäúh m;a jk .eyekq <uhl= nd, ifydaoßhl iu. fld<j,ska ;ekQ
me,l Èk y;la fjka fldg ;efnk w;r bka miq Èk myla ;,a m;a
me,l r|jd mia jk Èkfha § kekaod úiska kdjd msßisÿ lsÍfuka miq
iudchg ms<s.ekSu fudjqkaf.a pdß;%h hs' wysl=KaÀl újdyh kEkd -
uiaiskd w;r isÿ jkakls' ish /fya iqÿiq whl= fkdue;s wjia:djl wka
/yelska iqÿiail= fidhd .ekSug isÿ fjhs' bßod" i÷od iy wÕyrejdod
újdyhg iqn ojia fia ie,fla' ux., Èkfha § ukd,sh iqÿ meye
jia;%j,ska ieriS ߧ iy ùÿre weg ud, wdÈh m,¢k w;r ukd,hd ly
lñihla iy irula ye| cgdjla ysfia ne| l¿ weg ud,hlska iy w;a
46 47fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
j<¨j,ska ierfihs' ukd,shf.a uqyqK iy ysi iqÿ meye frÈ lvlska
wdjrKh flf¾' ukd, hqj<f.a ol=K;aj, ly lene,a,la ne| uqyqKg
ly Èhr biSfuka miq mQidßjrhdf.a wdYS¾jdo YAf,dal .dhkh uOHfha
ukd,hd ukd,shf.a f.f,ys ;e,sh n¢hs' wk;=rej udud flfkla
hqj<f.a iq<eÕs,s tla fldg ne| ms;a;, fiïnqjlska w;meka j;a
lrhs' ukd,hd fuÈk ukd,shf.a wf;a j<,a,la me,|úh hq;= w;r
oEf;ys u j<¨ m,¢kafka újdyl ia;%Ska mu‚' flfi,a fld<j, ;nd
ms<s.kajk ux., fNdackh j<|d .S .hd kgd m%S;sùfuka ux., W;aijh
ksud jk w;r újdyfhka miq t<fUk m<uq nDyiam;skaod {d;Skaf.ka
ukd, hqj<g ;E.s ,efnhs' oEjeoao jYfhka fma<djl nyd Æ khl=
fyda fokakl= o nQrejl=" n,a,l= yd w¢k m,¢k foa o §u wysl=KaÀl
pdß;%hls'
wysl=KaÀl mqreI mlaIh khs kegùu yd ß<jqka kegùu Ôjfkdamdh
lr .ksoa§ wysl=KaÀl ia;%Syq w; n,d idia;r lSu Ôjfkdamdh lr
.ks;s' i¾m úI Wrd .ekSug iu;a lD;%su .,a úfYAIhla Tjqka <Õ
;sfí' tAjd idod .kakd l%uh f.da;%fha mdrïmßl ryila fia ie,fla'
ish lKavdhfï úYajdih Èkd .;a" md,khg olaI" wmlaImd;Sj lghq;=
lrk" ukd wjfndaOhlska hqla;" ;sia úh blaujQ jeäysáhl= ish¨
fokdf.a u leue;af;ka lKavdhfï kdhlhd fyj;a wdrÉÑ f,i m;a
lr .ekSug wysl=KaÀl ckhd lghq;= lr;s' Tyqf.a ;SrKh ish¨ fokd
ms<s.kakd w;r wêlrK kdhlhd jkafka o Tyq h' whym;a f,i
lghq;= lrkafka kï Tyq fjkqjg fjk;a whl= m;a lsÍug yelshdj
we;'
wdrjq,a ;ud w;r u ksrdlrKh lr .ekSug wysl=KaÀl ckhd l%shd
lr;s' meñ‚,a,la bÈßm;a jQ úg wdrÉÑ m%uqL lKavdhï /iaùula
meje;afjk w;r th wêlrK iNdj fjhs' tu iNdj ish isß;a úß;a
yd iïm%odhka u; msysgd ,nd fok ;Skaÿj fndfyda úg fomd¾Yajhg
u ms<s.; yels tlls' hï fyhlska tfia ms<s.ekSug tla md¾Yajhla
wlue;s jQ úg ‘fldar<udj’ kï úksiqre fj; bÈßm;a flf¾' lKavdhï
y;lg tla fldar<udfjla isáhs' óg wu;rj lelEfrk f;,a n÷kl
ol=Kf;a on/Õs,a, nyd ,Su" r;a jQ hlvhla we,a,Sug §u wdÈ Èjqreï
l%u o fjhs' meñ‚,slre fjkqfjka tla ie<shla o ú;a;slre fjkqfjka
48 49fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
;j ie<shla o f,i tl iudk ie<s foll iy,a yd j;=r iu iuj oud
tl m%udKhg u or oeuQ <sma foll ;nd tl úg u .sks fud<jd" l,ska
meiqKq n; ysñ ;eke;a;d ksjerÈlre f,i ie,lSfï l%uhla o ;sfí'
ixpdrl Ôjk rgdj;a ir, meje;au;a wysl=KaÀl ckhdf.a úfYaI
,laIK fia ie,lsh yels h' Tjqkag u wdfõ‚l jQ isß;a úß;a /ila
;sfí' f;¨.= niska ksmojd .;a nia jyrla Ndú; lrk wysl=KaÀl
ckhdg isxy, yd fou< NdId yeisrùfï yqrejla o we;'
j¾;udkh jk úg wysl=KaÀl ckhdf.a Ôjk rgdj by; oelajqKq
mer‚ Ôjk rgdfjka fjkia ù we;' Tjqka iaÒr jdiia:dkj, Ôj;a
fjñka mer‚ Ôjfkdamdhka fjkqjg fjk;a /lshdj, ksr; jk
wdldrh o oelsh yels h'
wre;a meyeÈ,s lsÍu
lr;a; wUrdj lr;a;fha jy,
Ôjfkdamdh /lshdj
/fya lKavdhfï
mdrïmßl mrïmrdfjka mejf;k
f;¨.= ol=Kq bkaÈhdfõ wdkaO% m%foaYfha m%Odk NdIdj
wjfndaOh
1' wysl=KaÀl ckhd ;djld,sl me,am;aj, jdih lrkafka l=uk
fya;=jla ksid o@
2' wysl=KaÀl ckhdf.a Ôú;hg ióm i;=ka kï lrkak'
3' mdvfï oelafjk wdldrhg wysl=KaÀl ckhdf.a wd.ñl úYAjdi
biau;= ù fmfkk ld¾hh l=ula o@
4' N+ßo;a; cd;lh wysl=KaÀl ckhdg úfYAI jkafka wehs@
5' wysl=KaÀl ckhd ish wdrjq,a úi|d .ekSug fhdod .kakd l%uh
mdvu weiqfrka meyeÈ,s lrkak'
48 49fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
Wla; wkqla; fNaoh
.=rejre <uhska hyu. hj;s'
Tjqyq i;=ka ovhï lr;s'
by; jdlHj, ;o l¿ wl=frka oelafjk mo úuid n,kak' tu jdlHj,
‘hj;s’" ‘lr;s’ hk ls%hdj,ska ms<sfj<ska lshefjkafka ‘.=rejre’ iy
‘Tjqyq’ hk mo hs' jdlHhl m%Odk jk" ls%hdfjka lshefjk mo Wla;
mo f,i ye¢kafõ' ta wkqj by; jdlHhkays Wla; mo jkafka ‘.=rejre’ iy ‘Tjqyq’ hk mo hs'
tu jdlHj, fh§ we;s ‘<uhska’" ‘i;=ka’ hk mo ls%hdjg hg;a jk
l¾u mo fjhs' tajd wkqla; mo jYfhka ye¢kaúh yels h'
fun÷ jdlH ks¾udKfha § jdlHhl m%Odk jk ls%hdfjka lshefjk
kduh Wla; iajNdjfhka o tu ls%hdjg hg;a jk kduh wkqla;
iajNdjfhka o ;eîu ms<s.;a l%uh hs'
kdu mo lsysmhla Wla; wkqla; fNaoh hgf;a my; j.=fõ olajd we;'
Wla; rEmh wkqla; rEmh
uu
wms
f;da
f;dms
Tyq
Tjqyq
l=re,a,d
l=re,af,da
<uhs
ñksiaiq
.=rejre
<ufhla
ydfjla
ukd,shla
ifydaoßhla
ud
wm
;d
f;dm
Tyq
Tjqka
l=re,a,d
l=re,a,ka
<uhska
ñksiqka
.=rejreka
<uhl=
ydjl=
ukd,shl
ifydaoßhl
50 PBfkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' my; oelafjk Wla; moj, wkqla; moh ,shkak'
wms - foúfhla - uu - orefjla - Tjqyq - oeßhla - f;dms - ldka;djla - iuk,fhda - .=rejßhla -
2' Wla; yd wkqla; mo fhdod my; oelafjk j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'
Wla; mo wkqla; mo
l=udrfhda
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''
´ f;dfuda
iuk,fhla
ffjoHjre
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''
Tjqka
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
orejl=
3' mdvfï we;=<;a Wla; kdu mo iy wkqla; kdu mo my ne.ska ,shkak'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' wysl=KaÀl ckhd kd.hd yd ß<jd kegùug fhdod .kakd fkdfhla
fkdfhla l%Svd .ek Tn ÿgq wjia:djla weiqßka úia;r lrkak'
2' fuu mdvu weiqßka “Y%S ,xldfõ wysl=KaÀl ckhd” hk ud;Dldj
hgf;a rpkhla ,shkak'
51fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
fï ldf.a foda lu;d
ck;dj w;r u ks¾udKh ù mej; tk ck lú iïm%odhhla wm
rfÜ o olakg ,efí' iajlSh w;aoelSï rij;a m%ldYk f,i iudchg
odhdo lsÍug .eñ ckhd i;= jQ l=i,;dj ck lúfhka m%lg fõ'
mdol jQ wjia:d wkqj ck lú lu;a lú" me,a lú" mdre lú wdÈ
jYfhka j¾.SlrKhg ,la lrkq oelsh yels h'
fuu mdvug we;=<;a jkafka lu;a lú lsysmhls' f.dhï lmd fld<
ueãfï § f.dúfhda fun÷ lú .dhkh lr;s' f.dhï fl;g;a
fk<d .;a wiajekakg;a Tjqka oelajQfha buy;a f.!rjhls' luf;a
isß;a úß;a mer‚ weoys,s l%u yd ñY% ù we;' uy;a fjfyi f.k
fok f.dhï ueãfï ld¾hfha úfkdaofhka kshe,Sug lu;a lú
WmldÍ fõ'
fld< ueãfï fhfok f.dkqkag ohdfjka wu;ñka" idïm%odhsl
úYajdij,g .re lrñka f.dúhd ish ld¾hh bgq lr .kakd wdldrh
fuu lúj,ska ms<sìUq fõ'
6
52 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ck lú y÷kd .ekSu
ck;dj w;f¾ u we;s ù ck;dj w;f¾ u wdrlaId ù mej; tk lú"
ck lú kñka ye¢kafõ' fï ck lú" fmd;aj, ,shùug fmr mej;=fKa
tAjd Ndú; l< ñksiqkaf.a u;lfha h' tfyhska ld,fhka ld,hg
NdIdj fjkia ùu;a iu. u ck lúh o fjkia ùu iajdNdúl h' fmd;a
m;aj, ,sùfuka miqj jqj o nyq, jYfhka ñksiqka w;r Ndú; jk ksid
tAjd ;j ÿrg;a fjkia fjhs'
ck lúj, l;=jrhd y÷kd .; fkd yels h' m<uqfjka lshQ ;eke;a;d
fkd okakd kuq;a tAjd ck;dj w;r ld,hla ;siafia Ndú; ùfuka
fmdÿ whs;shg m;aj we;af;a h' ck;dj w;r ksrdhdifhka my< ù
Tjqka w;r u me;sr .sh ck lúhg jia;= úIh ù we;af;a fnfyúka u
Tjqkag ióm w;aoelSï h' Tjqkaf.a tÈfkod w;aoelSï" weoys,s úYajdi"
Ôjfkdamdh" l%Svd yd úfkdaodiajdo ud¾." yeÕSï wdÈh tA w;r nyq,j u
yuq jk f;aud h'
isxy, ck lúj, iqúfYaI .=Kdx. w;r wjHdc;ajh" ir,;ajh iy
ixlaIsma;Ndjh ye¢kaúh yels h' w¨;a Wmud rEml Ndú;h o ck
lúhdf.a m%;sNdj úoyd olajk ,laIKhla f,i ie,fla' yeÕSï
m%ldYkfha § oelajQ ixhuh o we;eï ck lúhl úYsIag;ajhg fya;= ù
we;'
“wfma ck lú iduQysl Ôjk rgdfõ jeo.;a u odhdohla jekak' ;ksj
u lshk ck lúhla wmg ke;' ore ke,ú,a, mjd lshkafka b;d wvq
jYfhka fofofkl= j;a bkakd ;ekl h' me,a lúh jqj;a mef,a b|
lshk úg rd;%s md¿j yd ksixi,lu uld f.k" me,a rlskd wjfYaI
Woúhf.a foijk m;s; jkafka h' tA whf.ka flfkla ksielj u
;j;a me,a lúhlska Bg W;a;r imhkafka h' Tre mdre lú .ek
lsj hq;af;a o tA ál u h' iduQysl rgdfjka úks¾uqla; jQ ck lúhla
isxy,hd w;r fkd ù h'” kkaofiak r;akmd," ckY%e;s úoHdj
53fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
my; oelafjk lu;a lú o iduQysl l%shdldrlula jk fld< ueãu
yd iïnkaO h' ñksiqkag muKla fkd j foúhka fia weoyQ iajNdj
O¾uhg o fld< ueãug odhl jk .jhkag o tu lúj,ska lu;g
werhqï flfrhs'
fï ldf.a fï lu;d
bre foúhkaf.a lu;d
bre foúfhda ìï n¢;d
ìï ne¢ ;ek fld< n¢;d
fï ldf.a foda lu;d
i| foúhkaf.a lu;d
i| foúfhda jeä lu;d
i| foúhka ne; foj;d
fï ldf.a fï lu;d
ieu foúhkaf.a lu;d
ieu foúfhda ìï n¢;d
ìï ne¢ ;ek fld< n¢;d
fï fld;kska f.kd f.dkd
fojqkaoßka f.kd f.dkd
tA fudkjg f.kd f.dkd
fld< uvkg f.kd f.dkd
lE,sh fld< nekao ugd
uÿ fld< nekafoa l=ugd
tA ug l< fyd| lugd
fld< uevjd foka fid|gd
.,la m<d .,la ÿáï
t., m<d ߧ ÿáï
meka fndkakg <s`ola ÿáï
ne; Wv isg uqyqo ÿáï
54 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
wgq fldgqj, ;sfhk ne;d
by< my< ;sfhk ne;d
,nq f.äj, ;sfhk ne;d
f.k mqrjd fï lu;d
nqÿka jäk fõ,djhs
lsß W;=rk fõ,djhs
fld< uvjk fõ,djhs
lu; msfrk fõ,djhs
wre;a meyeÈ,s lsÍu
lu; f.dhï md.k N+ñh$ia:dkh$l,úg
fld< n¢;d lu;a ìfï ueo fld< j¾. ;ekam;a lsÍu
ne; ù
ìï n¢;d fld< ueãu i|yd ìu ieliSu" lsß iys; fld<
j¾. yd WmlrK jfÜg ;nd ìu ilia flf¾
fld< ueãu f.dhï mE.Su
lE,sh fld< m÷re jYfhka jefjk lsß iys; me<eáhls¦
kd. neú,%$fldyq lsß,a,$.ia lE,sh
uÿ fld< yrl=ka lEug m%sh lrk .sß;s,a, l=,fha je,a
úfYaIhla' fïjd yrl=kag lEu i|yd luf;ys
;nkq ,efí'
wjfndaOh
1' lu;g foajdYS¾jdoh ,nd .ekSug W;aidy lr we;s njg WodyrK
folla fokak'
2' fld< ueãfï § f.dkd jeo.;a nj m%ldY jk lúh ,shkak'
3' “ne; Wv isg uqyqo ÿáï” hkafkka woyia jkafka l=ula o@
4' fld< ueãu uy;a wdYS¾jdohla nj mejfikafka l=uk lúfhka
o@
5' lu; mqrjkak hehs lshkafka l=uk ne;j,ska o@
55fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
úreoaOd¾: mo
lsis hï mohlska bÈßm;a flfrk w¾:hg" úreoaO jQ w¾:hla fjk;a
mohlska f.k yer olajkafka kï th úreoaOd¾: mohls'
Wod ( wE; - uE;" ÿl - iem" fyd| - krl
isxy, NdIdfõ úreoaOd¾: mo lsysm wdldrhlg iEfoa'
² kdu mohlg fyda l%shd mohlg fyda uq,ska Wmi¾.hla fh§fuka
Wod ( kïnqj - wjkïnqj
² kdu mohlg fyda l%shd mohlg fyda uq,ska ksmd; mohla fh§fuka
Wod ( fjkia - fkd fjkia
² fjk;a mohla Ndú; lsÍfuka
Wod ( we;s - ke;s
hk - tk
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' my; i|yka moj,g iqÿiq úreoaOd¾: mo mdvfuka fidhd ,shkak'
i. by< -
ii. fkd f.kd -
iii. krl -
iv. wfõ,dj -
v. hg -
2' jrykg msg;ska § we;s mohg iqÿiq úreoaOd¾: moh jryka ;=<ska
f;dard háka brla w¢kak'
i. wjudk ^wiudk" úudk" iïudk&
ii. wka; ^wka;r" iudka;r" wkka;&
iii. wNHka;r ^ksrka;r" ndysr" wka;r&
iv. ffu;%S ^lreKd" fl%daO" ffjÍ&
v. hy.=K ^wj.=K" w.=K" fo.=K&
56 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
vi. W;a;u ^Wiia" wOu" my;a&
vii. cd;sl ^úcd;sl" wjcd;sl" iycd;sl&
3' ;o l¿ wl=ßka fh§ we;s mohg iqÿiq úreoaOd¾: moh ysia;ekg
fhdod jdlH iïmQ¾K lrkak'
i. f.dùyq ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ld,fha f.dhï lmd rd;%s ld,fha
fld< ueãu lr;s'
ii. luf;a § f.dkqkag wu;kafka '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' fkd j
wdorfhks'
iii. fmd<j ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' jqj;a fmdfydr fhdod ire
wiajekakla ,nd .; yels h'
iv. iuyr f.dùyq ñksiqka ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' l<;a foúhka
flfrys úYajdih ;nd lghq;= lr;s'
v. fld< ueãfï lghq;= id¾:lj l< yelafla lïue<s ñksiqkag
fkd j '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' whg h'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' lú fm< ;d,dkql+,j .dhkd lrkak'
2' lDIsld¾ñl Ôú;hg iïnkaO ck lú tla /ia lr fmd;a msxpla
ilia lrkak'
3' lu;a NdIdjg wh;a jpk oyhla fidhd ,shkak'
PB 57fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
foõoï weÿre tâukaâ mSßia ro.=re ysñ
isxy, NdIdjg uq,a ld,fha fnfyúka u n,mEfõ md,s" ixialD;
NdId nj W.;=kaf.a ms<s.ekSu hs' ngysr cd;Skaf.a meñŒfuka miq
l%sia;shdks wd.u furg me;sr hEu fya;=fjka ySírE" ,;ska" .%Sl
wdÈ NdIdj, n,mEu iys; w¨;a jpk isxy, NdIdjg tla úh'
tfuka u l%ufhka isxy, l%sia;shdks idys;Hhla o f.dv ke.s‚'
isxy, NdIdfjka l%sia;= O¾uhg wod< ,sms f,aLk fuka u isxy,
ixialD;sh iïnkaO ,sms f,aLk o iïmdokh l< mQcljreka
w;r iqúfYaI ia:dkhla ysñ lr .kakd ro.=re tâukaâ mSßia
ysñmdKka ^1897-1989& ms<sn|j fuu mdvu ilia ù we;'
isxy, NdIdj muKla fkd j fjk;a NdId rdYshla o oek isá
t;=ud isxy, NdId idys;Hhg l< fufyjr wmßfïh fõ' isxy,
NdIdj yd idys;Hh fmdaIKhg odhl jQ fun÷ pß; y÷kd .ekSu
iy tu pß;j, fYa%IaG .=Kdx. wfma Ôú;hg tla lr .ekSu
hym;a h'
7
58 59fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
“rc.=re tâukaâ mSßia msh;=ud uyd m`vqfjls' m¾fhaIKfha Y+rfhls'
f,aLlfhls' .;alrefjls' fkdfhla ;rd;srfï uq,a ;eka biqÆ msh;=fuls'
rka molalï ,dNsfhls' l,d Y+ßfhls' fy< isß;g w; ys; ÿka fY%aIaGfhls'
cd;sl foa wf.a lrñka mqkal,ig f.dla ieris,a,g foõ ue÷fr;a ie,lsh
hq;= wjia:dj, § iqÿiq ;eka ÿka l,dldñfhls' fy< nig Èúh ÿka
;eke;af;ls'” mQð; Ôú; - .re u¾i,Skq chfldä msh;=ud
.; is; ikik iS;, W÷jma ufya idufha l=urekaf.a Wm; ms<sn`o
m‚jqvh /f.k u`o k, oi; yud hoa§ Wod jQ wisßu;a k;a;f,ys
m%S;sfhka uq¿ f,dj u keyeù .sfha h' iduh yd i;=g ms<sn| ñysß
ye`.Sï iu`. f,dj mqrd ls;=kq ck;dj fÊiq ì,s|dKkaf.a Wm; uy;a
ne;sfhka wkqiauKh l< 1897 j¾Ifha k;a;,a iuh hs" ta' t<ô k;a;,
fjkqfjka kE ys;j;=kag ;E.s fnda. msßkeóu i;=g fnod yod .ekSfï
u.ls' y,dj; m%foaYfha ujq msh hqj<lg o foúhka jykafiaf.ka wmQre
k;a;,a ;Hd.hla ,enq‚' ta 1897 foieïn¾ 27 Èk Tjqkag mq;a l=url=
,eîu hs' fï ore Wm; tu hqj<g" tu .ï msfhig" uq¿ isß,lg u;=
fkd j uq¿ f,djg u ,enqKq uy`.= ;Hd.hla jQjd fia h'
tu jdikdjka; foujqmshka jQfha ñys÷ l=,iQßh tÉ' Èfhdaf.da mSßia
uy;d iy ñys÷ l=,iQßh ta' laf,ard uy;añh hs' Wmka l=ureg tâukaâ
hhs kï ;nk ,È' ;u tl u orejd wkd.;fha § ujq ìfï ku /ka¥
lS¾;su;a W.f;la fõ hhs tod ta ujqmshka isysfkkqÿ fkd is;kakg
we;'
mdi,a úhg md ;nkag;a fmr u <ore tâukaâ l=urekag ujq fifkyi
wysñ jQfha ujf.a yÈis úfhdaj fya;=fjks' furg bx.%Sis md,k iufha
Wmka tâukaâ mSßia l=ureka m%d:ñl wOHdmkh ,enqfõ y,dj;
idka; ußhd bx.%Sis mdif,ks' mdi,a fõ,dfjka miq tâukaâ ojfia
jeä ld,hla .; lf<a Tyqf.a iShd iu`. hs' tl, y,dj; msial,a
ks,Odßhl= f,i fiajh l< wf,kaiq mSßia Tyqf.a iShd úh' Tyq isxy,"
fou<" bx.sßis NdIdjka ,sùug yd lshùug iu;a W.;l= ùu tâukaâ
mSßia l=uref.a fmr jdikdjla úh' iShdf.ka tu NdId W.;a Tyq tu
NdIdj,ska ,shejqKq fmd; m; lshùug we,aula oelaù h' wkd.;fha §
uy m`ärejkla ùfï uQ,sl wä;d,u tfia ilia úh'
58 59fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%d:ñl wOHdmkh wjika l< l=vd tâukaâ mSßia fld<U idka;
fcdaima úoHd,hg we;=<;aj tys §ma;su;a YsIHhl= jYfhka Wiia f,i
iu;alï olajñka oaú;Shl wOHdmkh ksu lf<a h' 1921 j¾Ifha §
fmr-mQcl mqyqKqj ,eîu i|yd fnd/,af,a msysá idka; n¾kdâ foõ
i;a i,g we;=¿ úh' .ï m%OdkSka jQ t;=udf.a mjqf,a {d;Ska yd
.fï foajia:dkh w;r mej;s ióm iïnkaO;dfjys m%;sM,hla f,i
t;=udg u;= mQcljrhl= ùfï wjia:dj ks¾udKh ù ;snq‚' 1924 §
foõ i;a yf,a wOHdmkh ksud fldg tys § u w;sW;a;u wkaf;daks
l=f¾ fld<U w.ro.=re;=udf.ka ks¾u, ußh ksldfha msh;=ul= f,i
mQcd;ajrh ,en tâukaâ mSßia mshku jYfhka m%lg úh'
t;eka mgka Wka jykafia mQcljrhl= jYfhka ;u oyï fiajdj wdrïN
l<y' fld<U" yxje,a," fudrgqj" l¿;r" u.af.dk wdÈ m%foaYhkays
foajia:dkj, ls;=kq ne;su;=kaf.a ish¨ wd.ñl wjYH;d bgq lrñka
fiajdfjys ksr; fjñka ckdorhg md;% jQy' t;=udf.a iyc yelshd
yd l=i,;d y÷kd .;a lf;da,sl iNdj úiska 1926 § t;=ud idka;
n¾kdâ mQcl foõ i;a yf,a lÓldpd¾hjrhl= jYfhka m;a lrk
,È' wk;=rej idka; wef,daishia fcHaIaG mQcl foõ i;a if,a wOHlaI
Oqrhg o m;a lrk ,È' 1933 § jeä ÿr wOHdmkh i|yd tx.,ka;fha
,kavka úYajúoHd,hg we;=<;a ùfï Nd.Hh t;=udg Wod úh'
1936 § ,kavka úYajúoHd,fhka Ydia;% úYdro Wmdêh ,nd fmr<d
Èjhskg imeñ‚ t;=ud idka; wef,daishia foõ i;a yf,a wOHlaI
Oqrfha lghq;= lrk w;r u idka; fcdaima úoHd,fha .=rejrhl=
jYfhka o fiajh lf<a h' 1936 § fld<U ro.=re moúfhka fjka fldg
jhU m<d; i|yd y,dj; ro.=re moúhla kï lrk ,o w;r tys
ro.=re;=uka f,i m;a lrk ,o .re wef,daishia msh;=ud ;k;=r Ndr
.ekSug m%:u iaj¾.ia: jQ ksid tu ;k;=r i|yd kï lrk ,oafoa
tâukaâ msÍia ^ks'u'ks& msh;=ud h' tu m;aùfuys úfYaI;ajh jkafka
y,dj; Wmka t;=ud y,dj; óifï m%:u ls;=kq mQcl;=ud ùu;a y,dj;
moúfha m%:u ro.=re;=ud ùu;a uq¿ Y%S ,xldfõ m%:u isxy, ro.=re;=ud
ùu;a h' 1940 wfm%a,a ui 25 jk Èk Wka jykafia y,dj; wdik foõ
ue÷f¾ § y,dj; wNskj ro.=re;=ud f,i wNsfIal ,enQy' t;eka isg
1972 foieïn¾ 27 Èk olajd tu moúfhys fiajh fldg ye;a;Emiajk
úfha § úY%du ,enQy'
60 61fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
w;s.re tâukaâ mSßia msh;=udf.a Ôjk pß;fhys olakg ,efnk
iqúfYaI ,laIK rdYshls' nd, úfhys isg u fmd; m;g we¨ï l<
t;=ud bf.kSfuys Y+rfhla úh¦ úisy;r mefha u ld,igyklg wkqj
jev lf<a h¦ wd.ñl fufyjrg uq,a ;eka ÿka w;r úfõlhla we;s
yeu úg u ysre foig yefrk iQßhldka; u,la fuka fmd; m;g
u keUqre úh' tys m%;sM,h jQfha Wka jykafia isxy," md,s" ixialD;"
fou< wdÈ fmrÈ. NdIdjka yd bx.sßis" .%Sl" ,;ska" m%xi" mq¾;=.siS"
c¾uka" ́ ,kao wdÈ wmrÈ. NdIdjkays yi< oekque;s m%d{hl= ùu hs' tu
NdId {dkh t;=udf.a f,aLk ld¾hfha § fuka u m¾fhaIK ld¾hhkays
§ o t;=udg uy;a rel=,la jkakg we;' isxy," fou<" bx.sßis NdId
idys;Hhkays yd b;sydih" mqrdúoHdj" ;¾l Ydia;%h" ix.S;h wdÈ úIh
lafIa;% .Kkdjl me;sÍ .sh t;=udf.a oekqfuys ksïj<¨ mq¿,a ùug o
úúO NdId yd ixialD;s ms<sn| oekqu fya;= ù we;'
,kavka úYajúoHd,fha bf.kqu ,enQ wjêfha ì%;dkH fl!;=ld.drfhys
;snQ Y%S ,xldfõ mq¾;=.Sis ,kafoais hq.j,g wh;a ÿ¾,N lD;s yeoEÍug
wjia:dj ,nd .;a t;=ud Y%S ,xldfõ b;sydih;a ixialD;sh;a biau;=
lrñka trg m< jQ i`.rdj,g ,sms imhñka foia úfoia W.;=kaf.a
wjOdkh ta flfrys fhduq lsÍug W;aidy .;af;a h' ì%;dkH
fl!;=ld.drfha ;sî tf;la lsisfjl=f.a wjOdkhg ,la fkd jQ uykqjr
hq.hg wh;a u. i,l=K kï wm%lg ldjH .%ka:hl w;a msgm;la ,eî
th ixialrKh fldg bÈßm;a lsÍfuka úoaj;=kaf.a uy;a meiiqug ,la
úh' ls;= oyu" idys;H b;sydih uq,a lr f.k t;=ud úiska rÑ; .%ka:
rdYshls' isxy, l%sia;shdks idys;H jxYh" isß,l ußh ne;sh" uykqjr
.súiqu" ,xld b;sydifha uQ,sl .%ka:" mD;=.Sis iuh yd ´,kao iuh
bka .%ka: lsysmhls' t;=udf.ka isxy, NdId idys;Hhg isÿ jQ úYsIag
fiajhg Wmydrhla f,i le,‚h úYajúoHd,h 1979 j¾Ifha § t;=udg
“idys;H pl%j¾;s” iïudk Wmdêh msßkeuqfõ h'
iuld,Sk .sys meúÈ m%ùK úh;=kaf.a iNd ueo jev ys| Wodr cd;sl
fufyjrl ksr; ùug o Wka jykafiag wjia:dj ,enq‚' wOHdmk
.%ka: m%ldYk uKav,h" Y%S ,xld úYajúoHd, W;a;r iNdj" Y%S ,xld
idys;H uKav,h" rdcH f,aLkd.dr uKav,h" isxy, YíofldaI
WmfoaYl uKav,h" rdclSh wdishd;sl ix.uh wdÈ cd;sl jYfhka
w;sYhska jeo.;a uKav, yd wdh;kj, WmfoaYljrhl= yd iNslhl=
jYfhka lghq;= lsÍfï Nd.Hh o t;=udg ysñ úh'
60 61fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
tâukaâ mSßia ro.=re;=udf.a wd.ï ms<sn| ixl,amh b;d mq¿,a tlla úh'
wd.ñl iyÔjkh by<ska u w.h l< t;=ud iEu wd.ul u ixialD;sl
yrhkag .re lf<a h' úh;a fn!oaO NslaIQka weiqre lrñka ks;r u
wd.ïj, fmdÿ .=Kdx. ms<sn|j idlÉPd lf<a h'
t;=udf.a ro.=re moú wNsfIAl W;aijh Bg iyNd.s jQ fn!oaO NslaIQka
jykafia,df.a lidj;ska nen¿Kq nj i|yka ùfuka fï iïnkaO;dfõ
iajNdjh meyeÈ,s fjhs' isxy,hl= jYfhka cd;sldNsudkfhka To jeã
.sh t;=udfKda isxy, NdIdj yd ixialD;sh k.d isgqùug mqfrda.dó
fufyjrla l<y' ls;= oyu yd isxy, ixialD;sh ixfla;j;a lrñka ;u
ro.=re ,dxPkh f,i l=reihla w;ska .;a isxyhl= fhdod .;ay' furg
lf;da,sl ixialD;sh ls;= oyfï yd isxy, ixialD;sfha ixl,khla
úh hq;= nj úYajdi l< tâukaâ mSßia ro.=re;=ud th f.dv ke.Sug
uq,a ;ek § lghq;= lf<a h' y,dj; ro.=re moúhg m;a ùfuka miq
lf;da,sl j;a ms<sfj;a yels ;dla ÿrg foaYSh yd cd;sl ,laIK we;sj
ilia lsÍug t;=ud W;aidy lf<a h'
t;=udf.a W;aidyfha m%;sM,hla f,i uE; Nd.fha § lf;da,sl ixialD;sh
;=< foaYSh ixialD;sl ,laIK biau;= jkakg mgka f.k we;' újdy
ux., wjia:djkays chux., .d:d .dhkh yd uÕ=,a fmdarej lf;da,sl
wd.ug yd wdl,amhkag .e<fmk whqßka ilia fldg mj;ajkq ,efí'
f.dla ?k" mqkal,i" uÕ=,a fnr" pdß;%dkql+, fmd,a f;,a myka oe,aùu"
Wvrg my;rg kegqï wdÈ ixialD;sl wx. lf;da,sl W;aij wjia:djkays
§ fhdod .kakd wdldrh olakg ,efí'
udkj ohdfjka msßmqka ukiska hq;= jQ t;=ud È<s÷lu" kQ.;alu yd
iudc úIudpdr fya;=fjka wirK jQjkag msysg ùu i|yd moúhg wh;a
m%foaYfha úúO jevigyka l%shd;aul lf<a h' mdi,a fkd hk È<s÷ <uqka
i|yd jQ mq;a;,fï uq;a;=l=udr ksjdih wdrïN lsÍu tn÷ i;a ld¾hhls'
udj;.u" fmd,a.yfj," l=,shdmsáh wdÈ m%foaYj, wkd: orejka i|yd
<ud ksjdi bÈ lsÍu o ,xis.u uy¨ ksjdih bÈ lsÍu o wirKhka
fjkqfjka t;=ud úiska lrk ,o fufyjr ms<sn| lÈu idlaIs fjhs'
wOHdmkh ms<sn|j úfYaI Wkkaÿjla oela jQ ro.=re;=ud m%foaYfha tjl
mej;s mdi,a jeä ÈhqKq l< w;r t;=udf.a uy;a mßY%ufhka wdrïN
l< udrú, Ydka; fiaúh¾ úÿy, m%foaYfha m%uqL úoHdh;khla njg
m;a lf<a h'
62 63fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
cd;s wd.ï fNaohlska f;drj fmdÿ ck ys; iqj ms‚i wem lem ù
lghq;= l< fï W;=ï udkj ys;jdÈhdfKda moúfhka úY%du .ekSfuka
wk;=rej Ôú;fha ie|E iuh .ïmy isßl=rei lkHdrdufha úfõl
iqjfhka .; fldg 1989 iema;eïn¾ ui 4 jk od iaj¾.ia: jQy'
mçf|ls úh;a nqÿ ijqjka weiqre l<
;jqfils isis,a .=Kfhka yo iqj| l<
l=ufrls ls;= iiqka rcf.ys ,;a lsre<
n,fhls fujka ok bmeÿu rgg fy<
- wÍfika wyqnqÿ
w.ro.=re w.ro.=re moúhla f,i kï lrk ,o m%foaYhl
m%Odk mQcljrhd' f.!rj kduhls'
Wod( fld<U w.ro.=re;=ud
ro.=re ro.=re moúhla f,i kï lrk ,o m%foaYhl
m%Odk mQcljrhd' f.!rj kduhls'
Wod( y,dj; ro.=re;=ud
mQcd;ajrh mQcl Ndjh
foõ i;a i, foaj Ydia;% Yd,dj ^fiufkaßh&¦ mQcljreka mqyqKq
lrk wOHdmk wdh;kh
óiu moú m%foaYhla ;=< tla md,k tAllhla
ro.=re wNsfIAl
W;aijh
wod< mqo isß;a iu. moúh ixfla;j;a lrk YS¾I
m,|kdj" r;= mdg n| máh" ierháh" uqÿj wdÈh
iys;j lrk W;aijh
u| k, fiñka yuk iq<Õ
wkqiaurKh isys lsÍu
msfhig m%foaYhg
u;= fkd j muKla fkd j
úfhdaj fjka ùu
wre;a meyeÈ,s lsÍu
62 63fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
oaú;Shl wOHdmkh 6 fY%a‚fha isg úYajúoHd, m%fõYh olajd
wOHdmkh
m%lg m%isoaO
iaj¾.ia: urKfhka miq foõf,dj Wm; ,eîu
wNskj w¨;a
fmrÈ. kef.kysr
wmrÈ. ngysr
yi< ukd f,i mqreÿ mqyqKq l<
m%d{hl= m%{dj we;a;l=
NdId {dkh NdId oekqu
rel=,la Woõjla
wjêfha ld,fha" hq.fha
m%ùK ksmqK" olaI
iyÔjkh iyfhda.fhka Ôj;a ùu
ixl,khla ukd tl;=jla
i;a ld¾hhla hym;a lghq;a;la
mßY%ufhka fjfyi ùfuka
wjfndaOh
my; i|yka m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re ,shkak'
1' i. NdId oekqu t;=udg uy;a rel=,la jQfha l=ula i|yd o@
ii. t;=ud úiska fidhd f.k t<s oelajQ wm%lg .%ka:h l=ula
o@
iii. t;=ud ;u ro.=re ,dxPkh f,i fhdod .;af;a l=ula o@
2' tâukaâ mSßia ro.=re;=ud y,dj; moúfhys ro.=rejrhd f,i m;a
ùfï we;s úfYaI;ajh l=ula o@
3' W.;=ka w;r W.;l= jQ t;=udf.a cd;sl fufyjr ms<sn|j bÈßm;a
l< yels idlaIs fudkjd o@
64 65fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
4' t;=udf.a pß;fhys Tn y÷kd .;a wdo¾Yhg .; yels úfYaI ,laIK
fudkjd o@
5' lf;da,sl ixialD;sh foaYSh;ajhg m;a lsÍug tâukaâ mSßia
ro.=re;=ud .;a mshjr fudkjd o@
ls%hd mo
lsÍula fyda isÿ ùula fyda ú£ula fyda .ek lshefjk mo l%shd mo f,i
Tn 6 fY%a‚fha § y÷kd f.k we;' tys § l%shd moj, ld, fNaoh" mqreI
fNaoh" jpk fNaoh .ek o yodrd we;' ;j ÿrg;a l%shd mo iïnkaO
fn§ï .ek fuys § wjOdkh fhduq flf¾'
l%shd moj, uQ,sl fn§ï folla we;'
1' wjidk l%shd
2' wkjidk l%shd
wjidk ls%hd
jdlHhl wdLHd;h f,i fhfokafka wjidk l%shdj hs' my; oelafjk
WodyrK foi n,kak'
wlald u,a fk<hs'
<uhs j;=rg mks;s'
u,a,S i| foi n,hs'
f.dúfhda f.dhï lm;s'
fuu jdlHj, ;o l¿ wl=ßka oelafjk mo jdlHfha wjidkh olajk
l%shd mo f,i fh§ we;' fï ksid tAjd wjidk l%shd f,i ye¢kafõ'
wkjidk ls%hd
jdlHhl we;=<;a jk wdLHd;h f,i fkd fhfok l%shd wkjidk
l%shd f,i ye¢kafõ' tn÷ l%shd mo j¾. folla ms<sn|j fï mdvfï §
bf.k .ksuq'
i. ñY% l%shd
ii. mQ¾j l%shd
64 65fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ñY% ls%hd
wjidk l%shdj iu. isÿ jk ;j;a l%shdjla fõ kï th ñY% l%shdjla
f,i ye¢kafõ'
Wod ( wlald u,a fk<ñka jÜáhg tl;= l<d h'
<uhs j;=rg mksñka fi,a,ï l<y'
u,a,S i| foi n,ñka iskdfihs'
f.dúfhda f.dhï lmñka lú lsh;s'
fuu jdlHj, fh§ we;s fk<ñka" mksñka" n,ñka" lmñka hk
l%shdj,ska jdlHfha wjidkhla .ek fkd lshefõ' wjidk l%shdj iu.
l< fjk;a l%shdjla .ek lshefõ' tAjd ñY% l%shd kï fõ'
mQ¾j ls%hd
wjidk l%shdjg fmr isÿ jQ fyda isÿ lrk ,o fyda l%shd mQ¾j l%shd kï
fõ'
Wod ( wlald u,a fk<d jÜáhg tl;= l<d h' <uhs j;=rg mek fi,a,ï l<y' u,a,S i| foi n,d iskdiq‚' f.dúfhda f.dhï lmd lu;g wÈ;s'
fuu jdlHj, fh§ we;s fk<d" mek" n,d" lmd hk l%shd moj,ska o
jdlHfha wjidkhla fkd lshefõ' wjidk l%shdjg fmr l¾;D úiska
fldg ksujk ,o l%shd mQ¾j l%shd kï fõ'
by; jdlHj, fh§ we;s l%shd mo fufia j.= .; l< yels h'
wjidk l%shd ñY% l%shd mQ¾j l%shd
fk<hs fk<ñka fk<d
mks;s mksñka mek
n,hs n,ñka n,d
lm;s lmñka lmd
we;eï úg mQ¾j l%shdjla oaú;aj jQ úg ^fojrla fhfok úg& ñY% l%shd
w¾:h f.k fohs'
Wod ( fk< fk<d } fk<ñka mek mek } mksñka
n, n,d } n,ñka lm lmd } lmñka
66 67fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,sÅ; wNHdi
1. my; oelafjk fþofhys fh§ we;s ñY% l%shd mo iy mQ¾j l%shd mo
my ne.ska fidhd ,shkak'
fl;a j;= miq fldg" jk frdola ueÈka weoaod jQ ,Kq mgla
fia fl<ska msysá mdrlg neiaid jQ fiakdjf.a fmruqK .uka
lrk .e,a meoafok y~ wid kskafoka wjÈ jQ j÷frda lE-flda
.iñka .iska .ig mek m,d fh;s' jk ysi t<sh lrñka mshEUQ
lKueÈßfhda j÷rka mekSfuka md;a ù Wia jk w;=j, yemS
.sks mqmqre yef<kakdla fuka ;K fld< jiñka ìu jeà" r;a
m,il j;< ue‚la fuka nn<;s' j÷rkaf.a fmr<sfhka ìh .;a
uqfjda" f.dakakq" j,aW!frda jk frdo ì¢ñka m,d fh;s''' fnr
ojq,a jehSula ke;;a fiakdfjys we;efula .S-iskaÿ lsh;s''' ;j;a
tflla fndre l:d f.d;d lshñka wkHhka iskiaihs'''foaÿkafkys
ish¨ meye tla fldg f.k ysre /iska wkd l< foag ks.d l<"
úis;=re meyefhka nn<k isks÷ mshdm;a we;s iuk,fhda" jk
u,a m÷rej,g jvd;a <xj wyfia mshdU;s' .,a ne| leghï lrk
,o rka flfjks fmdl=rla jeks" ySka jk u,a fmdl=rlg md;a ù"
mshdm;a fiñka Wia md;a lrñka u,a me‚ Wrk iuk,hl= olsk
yQfkla fiñka nv .d-f.dia W! foig mkshs' yQkdg wiq fkd
jk iuk,hd" ysre /ia yd ñY%j w;=reoyka jkakdla fuka jyd
mshdUd m,d fha' wE; msysá fj,a hdhj, fldlal=" fldrjlal="
.e,a meoafok yçka ìhj wyig keÕ" ÿkq Èfhka .s,syqK Bhl
fõ.fhka bj; mshdU;s' ufvys ,e. Wka ó yrla keÕS isg folka
Wv ys÷jd f.k" .uka .;a fiakdj foi úiaufhka fuka n,;s'
we;eï .jfhla uv j.=re l,U l,Ud ÿjhs'
frdaysŒ" ud¾áka úl%uisxy
66 67fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ii. my; i|yka fþofhys ysia ;eka msrùug iqÿiq mQ¾j l%shd mo jryka
;=<ska f;dard fþoh iïmQ¾K fldg ,shkak'
“;d;a;d Wfoka u l=Uqfrys ,shÈj,g j;=r ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' jlalvj,a
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''' f.or wdfõ h' lfrys jQ Woe,a, ìu '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
ysfiys jQ f;dmamsh w;g '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <s| <Õg '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
jg msg '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' f;dmamsh foys .fiys ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
<sf|ka j;=r ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' weÕ fiaÿfõ h' frÈ '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
jef,ys ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' wïud o <s| <Õg wdjd h'” ^fidaod" ;nd" n,d" ne|" yrjd" f.k" t,a,d" jkd" weo" f.dia&
iii. my; i|yka fþofhys ysia;eka msrùu iqÿiq ñY% l%shd mo jryka
;=<ska f;dard fþoh iïmQ¾K fldg ,shkak'
fo;=ka Èkl isg ;o jeis ''''''''''''''''''''' mej;s‚' fmrÈ. isg wd iq<Õ
fõ.fhka yud .sfha h' Èjd ? we;s jQ l=Kdgq ksid ng m÷re ‘isß
isß’ '''''''''''''''''''' mej;s‚' ng m÷rej, uqÿka fl<jrj,a fmdf<dj
isôkakg úh' wyfia bvla ke;s ;rug j,dl=¿ f.dv .eisK'
úáka úg l,ska mej;=Kdg jvd w÷r ''''''''''''''''''''''''' mej;sK' wE;
wyfia fldfya foda ;ekl iqr wiqrkaf.a uyd ix.%duhla werö
we;s f,ila fmfka'
foúhka tjk .sks f.k oefjk fyK ier" .sks ''''''''''''''''''''''''' weis
msh fy<k ksfïIhlska ld, j¾K i;=re fiakdj iqkq úiqkq lr
ouk kuq;a thskq;a úkdY fkd jQ i;=frda ld,j¾K fijKe,sj,ska
wyi;a fmd<j;a ''''''''''''''''''''' ieß ir;s'
Èjd ? ‘Ñß Ñß’ y~ fkd lvjd mej;s‚' .x.dfõ Èh jeäfjñka
mej;sK' fï álg fldmuK f.j,a fodrj,a leã ì£ f.dia weoao@
f.dv ìu ieu ;ek u we;s c,h;a .x.dfõ c,h;a tlg tl;=
ù ;sì‚' .j uysId§yq .ia hg o" ng m÷re hg o f.ñÿ,aj, o
fyd|g u ''''''''''''''''''' isá;s' wefikafka l=Kdgqfõ y~;a tl È.g
u jysk y~;a mu‚' wmQ ms,g wjq;a jy jyd f;uqKq ysiflia
'''''''''''''''''''''''''' ÿ¾.d iu. l:d lf<a h'
^w÷re lrñka" >k fjñka" jisñka" msi ouñka" f;fuñka" msg
lrñka" y~ foñka" ÿjñka&
udjf;a .S;h" Ñka;d ,laIañ isxydrÉÑ
68 69fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
l;d nyg ixhuhla
‘tfldau;a tl rgl ysáhd ,iaik l=udßldjla’ hkqfjka
l;kaorhla lshd fokakg ierfik wd;a;ïudg fyda iShdg
fyda fk;a whd f.k uqj whd f.k ijka fok fmdä;a;ka tA
l;kaorj, w. uq, ydrd wjqiaikafka fkdfhl=;a m%Yak k.ñks'
ijka §fï mqreoao flfkl=f.a l:kh o yev .iajhs' ijka
§fuka wjfndaOh myiq fjhs' wjfndaOh fkdue;s jQ úg
m%;spdr oelaùu myiq fkd jkq we;'
ukdj ijka §fuka wfkldf.a yeÕSï f;areï .; yels h'
m%;spdr oelaùfï § mqoa.,hdf.a iajNdjh f;areï f.k tA
wkqj yd Bg .e<fmk f,i y~ yd jpk Ndú; l< hq;= h'
tfia fkd jqj fyd;a fndfyda .eg¨ u;= fjhs' ixjdohl §
ixhufhka yd wdpdrYS,Sj lrk l;d ny" hym;a ñksiqka
ks¾udKh lsÍug fya;= fjhs' ijka § m%;spdr oelaùfï § wm
w;r iqyo;dj j¾Okh lr .ekSu b;d jeo.;a fjhs'
8
68 69fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
úfõl ld,h wjika jQ nj oekqï fok iSkqj kdo ùu;a iu. .=re;=ñh
mka;shg meñ‚hd h'
.=re;=ñh( “ uu wo fï orejkag meyeÈ,s lrkakg iQodkï fjkafka
woyia yqjudre lr .ekSfï § wm ie,ls,su;a úh hq;= lreKq
.ek hs' b÷ks¨;a" ufyakaø;a" mQ¾‚ud;a" pdñkao;a tkak
mka;sh biairyg' uu oeka fï y;r fokdg Ndr fokjd ilia
lr .;a ixjdo y;rla' ixjdoh bÈßm;a lrkak hy¿jkq;a
iïnkaO lr .kak'”
m<uqjeks ixjdoh
ia:dkh( ðhq.dfjdald ÿïßh kej;=ï fmd<'
^álÜ fodrgqfjka msg ùug uj" fgdÜfgda
pxf.a w;ska w,a,d .kS'&
fgdÜfgda px( “uu fïl ;shd .kak o@” ^wf;a ñßld f.k isá w.kd álÜ m;" álÜ
tl;= lrkakdg §ug ue<sj wihs'&
álÜ tl;= lrkakd( “neye" Thdg tAl ;shd .kak neye”fgdÜfgda px( “fï Tlafldu Thdf. o@” ^álÜ m;aj,ska msreKq fmÜáh foi n,ñka
wihs'&
álÜ tl;= lrkakd( “kE" kE" tAjd whs;s ÿïßh ia:dkhg'”fgdÜfgda px( “ux f,dl= jqKd u álÜ úl=Kk flfkla
fjkak ´kE'”álÜ tl;= lrkakd( “uf.a pQá mq;dg;a ÿïßh fmdf<a riaidjla
´kE ¨' Tõ" Thdg;a th;a tlal jev lrkak
mq¿jka'”fgdÜfgda px( “ux f,dl= jqKd u álÜ tl;= lrk
flfkla fjkjd” ^wE;ska kej;S isá ujg y~ .d lshhs&
uj( “ux ys;=fõ Thd T;a;=ldßhla fjkak hkjd
lsh,d'”fgdÜfgda px ( “T;a;= n,k .uka u álÜ úl=Kk flfkl=;a
fjkak ug neß o@”
70 71fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
.=re;=ñh( fï ixjdoh ilia lr .;af;a" oÕldr cmka oeßhl yd
wisßu;a mdi,la ms<sn|j ,shejqKq cmka cd;sl fgÜiqflda
l=frdhdk.S ,shQ ,S,dkkao .udÉÑ uy;d mßj¾;kh l<
yß mqÿu biafldaf,a lshk fmd; weiqfrka' tA ixjdoh
.ek Tfí woyia bÈßm;a lrkak'”
W;am,d( “fgdÜfgda px álÜ m;g wdidfjka álÜ m;a tl;=
lrkakd iu. l< l;d ny yß u wmQrehs' fofokd u
tlsfkldg idjOdkj weyqïlka §u ksid iqyoj fjka
jqKd' fgdÜfgda pxf.a uj;a" tA fofokd w;rg fkd mek
fofokdf.a ixjdohg ijka ÿkakd' fgdÜfgda px álÜ
tl;= lrkakdf.a ;;a;ajh f;areï .;a;d' tA ixjdoh
wmQrejg bÈßm;a l< ifydaor ifydaoßhkag ia;=;s hs'”
fojeks ixjdoh
ia:dkh( ksu,af.a ksji
“mq;d" WU hkag leu;s o kqjr@”“kE”“wehs@”“ug fufy fyd|hs”“tfy .sfhd;a iqÿ wmafmd;a tlal fi,a,ï lr;Els”“fuys ysáfhd;a wmamÉÑf.a jevg Wojq lrkag mq¿fjks fkdje”“tAlg lula kE' WU m,hka kqjr' f.or .sys,a,d wïudg lsh,d fudllaj;a we| f.k ldßh jfrka”“ljod o wmamÉÑ ux wdfh tkafka@”“ue‚fl,d lS ojil jfrka”“wmamÉÑ lshkafka ug hkag u lsh, o@”“Tõ" .syska jfrka' ke;a;x l=udßydñ,d ;ry fjhs'”
.=re;=ñh( fï ixjdoh ilia lr .;af;a à'î' b,x.r;ak
uy;d úiska rpkd lrk ,o wU hy¿fjda kjl;dj
weiqfrka' kjl;djg wkqj ksu,a iy mshd w;r we;s
jQ l;dnyla ;uhs oeka bÈßm;a lf<a' ksu,a ;ukaf.a
70 71fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
;d;a;d iu. l;dny lrkafka b;d u .reirej' tA jdf.a
u f<ka.;=j nj Tn olskak we;s' ksu,a kqjr hdug
wlue;s jqK;a th m%ldY lrkafka ;rylska fkd fjhs'
fndfyda u wdpdrYS,Sj" lreKdjka;j' tA ixjdoh bÈßm;a
l< orejkag;a wms w;afmd<ika kdohla ,nd fouq'
;=kajeks ixjdoh
ia:dkh( .eñ ksjila
“wïfï" wms .syska tkakï'”“uf.a mq;dg ;=kqrejka msysghs”“wlafla”“fudlo u,a,S" fudkj;a neß jqKd o@”
“´l ;uhs' uu Bfha ?;a lsjqfõ" f.k hk tAjd fyd| isysfhka od
.kak lsh,d”“kE ux l;d lf<a u,a md;a;sh n,d .kak lshkak'”“wlalg neß kï f,dl= kx.sgj;a lsh,d j;=r oïujkak ´kE”“kE u,a,sfh" ug mq¿jka Th u,a md;a;shg id;a;= lrkak'”
.=re;=ñh( fï ixjdoh ilia lr .;af;a uvj, tia' r;akdhl
uy;df.a wlalr my lD;sfhka' tla ifydaorhl= ksjiska
msgj hoa§ wfkla ifydaor ifydaoßhka j.lSï Ndr .ekSug
bÈßm;a jk wjia:djla' ifydaor ifydaoßhka w;r mj;sk
ne£u u; flfkl= wfkld fjkqfjka lghq;= lrkakg
fm,fUkafka tu b,a,Sfuys mj;sk ldre‚lNdjh ksi hs'
wK lsÍulg jvd b,a,Sulg m%;spdr olajkakg ´kE u
flfkla leu;s hs' fï ixjdofhka tA nj meyeÈ,s fjkjd'
fï ¥,d mq;d,g;a fndfyda u ia;=;s hs' fï ixjdohg
iyNd.s jqKdg'
72 73fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
y;rjeks ixjdoh
ia:dkh( mrf.dv mkai,
^fndaê mQcdj i|yd meñ‚ ieoeyej;ayq fnda u¿j
wuÈkakg jQy&
úydrdêm;s iajdóka jykafia( “Wmdil uy;a;fhda" wo fndaê mQcdfõ
m%Odk odhl ;ek ljqo@”Wmdil ;ek( “wjirhs" f,dl= yduqÿrejfka" wo
fndaê mQcdj úodfk rd,ydñf.a
f.oßka'”úydrdêm;s iajdóka jykafia( “úodfk rd,ydñ meñ‚,d o@”Wmdil ;ek( “tfyhs" yduqÿrejfka' Wkakefya
nqoaO mQcdjg .s,kami iQodkï
lrkjd'”úydrdêm;s iajdóka jykafia( “tA lghq;= wyjr jqKd u wdjdi
f.g weú;a udj neye olskav
lshkjd fyd|hs' fmdä yduqÿrefjda
mQcdjg jähs'” Wmdil ;ek( “tfyuhs" wfma yduqÿrejfka' ug
hkav wjir”úydrdêm;s iajdóka jykafia( “fyd| hs' f.dyska tkav'”
.=re;=ñh( fï ixjdoh wms óg fmr bÈßm;a l< ixjdoj,g jvd
fjkia' fï mQcH mlaIh iu. flfrk ixjdohla f,i
ks¾udKh lr .;a fonila' fuys § fhdod .;a jdxud,dj
fjkia' idudkH mqoa.,hka iu. l;d ny lsÍug fhdod
.kakd NdIdj mQcl W;=uka iu. l;d ny lroa§ fhdod
.kak neye' b;d u ixjrj wdpdrYS,Sj f.!rjdkaú;j
;uhs wm l;d l< hq;= jkafka' tA ixjdoh bÈßm;a l<
orejkag;a fndfydau ia;=;s hs'
l;d nfya § wfkldg ijka §u Tyqg lrk f,dl= u
f.!rjh hs' ijka § m%;spdr oelaùfï § tA tA wjia:djg
.e<fmk f,i y~ md,kh lr .; hq;= hs' ke;akï wkjYH
f>daIdjla we;s fjkjd' ixjdofha § wfkla ;eke;a;df.a
ys; ßoùu whym;a yeisÍula' tA whf.a f.!rjh /flk
72 73fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
mßÈ b;d u úkS;j" ixjrj ixhufhka l;d lsÍu ;ukaf.a
yslauqKq nj yd hym;a yeÈhdj fmkajk levm;la' woyia
yqjudre lr .ekSfï § fï lreKq fyd¢ka u;lfha r|jd
.kak' oeka yeu fokd u ke.sákak' wdhqfndajkaæ orejfka'”<uhs( “wdhqfndajka æ .=re;=ñhks'”
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' mdi,a N+ñfha" ;u mka;shg wod< fldgi msßisÿ lsÍu yd w,xldr
lsÍu ksis f,i mj;ajd f.k hEug .; hq;= l%shd ud¾. ms<sn|j
flfrk idlÉPdjla weiqfrka ixjdohla f.dv k.kak'
2' ,shqula" ,shdmÈxÑ ;emEf,ka heùu i|yd ;eme,a lkaf;darejg
hk Tn tys fiajh lrk ks,Odßhl=f.ka wjYH Wmfoia ,nd
.kakd wdldrh ixjdohlg k.kak'
3' oyï mdif,a meje;afjk Woh /iaùu wdrïN lsÍu i|yd
m%Odkdpd¾h;=udg wdrdOkd lrñka t;=ud iu. lrk l;d ny
weiqfrka ixjdohla ks¾udKh lrkak'
4' ;u wdorŒh uj fyda mshd fyda lk.dgqfjka isák wjia:djl
weh fyda Tyq fyda iu. lrk iqyo l;d ny ixjdohlg k.kak'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' ijka § m%;spdr oelaùfï § ie,ls,su;a úh hq;= lreKq .ek wjOdkh
fhduq fkd lsÍfuka isÿ jqKq l,ne.Ekshla kdgHdkqidrfhka
bÈßm;a lrkak'
2' ikaksfõokfha § Y%jKh yd l:kh hym;a f,i fhdod .ekSu
i|yd wjYH Wmfoia ‘mqjre jels’ f,i ks¾udKh lr mdif,ys
m%o¾Ykh lrkak'
3' Tn ks¾udKh l< ixjdo jdÑlj bÈßm;a lrkak'
4' mdvfuys we;=<;a ixjdo rx.kh lrkak'
7574 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
9 ;s,uqÜÀ cd;lh
fndaêi;a;ajhkaf.a fmr wd;auj, l;d f,i ks¾udKh lrk
,o cd;l l;d we;=<;a mkaish mkia cd;l fmd; mer‚
isxy, m; fmd; w;r jeo.;a fmd;la fia ie,flhs' ñksia
pß; muKla fkd j i;a;aj pß; o fhdod .ksñka" Ôú;h
id¾:l lr .ekSug WmfoaY imhk .%ka:hla f,i o cd;l
fmd; ie,lsh yels h' l=reKE., rdcOdks iufha ùrisxy
m%;srdc kï wud;Hjrhdf.a b,a,Sula mßÈ rpkd lrk ,oehs
ie,flk mkaish mkia cd;l fmdf;a we;af;a l;d 547ls'
wdikak oyfha .=Kdldrhg jeghSfuka l;d 550la fia .;a
nj is;sh yels h' cd;l l;d fmdf;ka Wmqgd .;a ‘;s,uqÜÀ
cd;lh’ fï mdvug we;=<;a fõ'
7574 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
hg .sh oji nrKeia kqjr n%yauo;a; kï rÊcqre flfkl=ka rdcHh
lrk iufhys tA rÊcqrejkaf.a n%yauo;a; kï rdc l=udr flfkla
we;a;dy' tA n%yauo;a; rÊcqrefjda;a ;ukaf.a mq;Kqjkag uiafika oyila
yd ms<S iÕ<la yd m;a l=vhla yd jyka iÕ<la yd n;a uq<la wdÈ jQ foh
§ “Èidmdfudla wdpdÍka lrd f.dia Ys,am Ydia;% bf.k f.k tj” hs
hejQy'
tlshk l=udrhd;a ;lai,d kqjrg f.dia Èidmdfudla wdpdÍ olskakg
.sh fõ,djg Èidmdfudla wdpdÍyq YsIHhka Ys,am Ydia;% W.kakd
ñÿf,ys ilauka fldg isáhdy' tA fj,djg rdc l=udrhka <Õ tkakd
oel “wehs f;dm l=ug wjqoe” hs úpdrd “Ys,am W.kakg wdñ” hs lS l,ays
wdpdÍkag jia;= § Ys,am oel W.kq o@ l=,shg W.kq o@ hs úpd< l,ays
rdc l=udrfhda;a wdpdÍ Nd.hla m<uq fldg ;nd je| fyd;a;dy' túg
Èidmdfudla wdpdÍyq “rdc l=udrjreka kï l,a hjd Ys,am W.kakg
neß h" jyd Ys,am W.; uekeje” hs lshd idudkH kl;a i,iajd Ys,am
W.kakg mgka .ekajQy' tla ojila rdc l=udrhka msá miafia ,d f.k
kdkakg jejg hñka isáhdy' tA fõ,djg tla;rd uE,s ia;%shla t< lrmq
;, wõfõ jkd úh<ñka isáhdh' tA fõ,djg Èidmdfudla wdpdÍ miafia
hñka isá rdc l=udrfhda;a tlshk t< ;, oel lkak wNsm%dh we;sj
.dKla w;g ld mQy' tlshk uE,s ia;S%;a tA oel “l=vd fld,a,d fyhska
nv ihska ld mqj uekeje” hs is;d neK fkd keÕS isáhdy'
fojk ojiq;a tmßoafoka u rdc l=udrfhda;a t< ;, .dKla wer f.k
.shdy' ;=ka jk ojiq;a tmßoafoka u wer .;a;dy'
túg ia;S% is;kakS “fï kshdfhka ojia m;d l;a kï udf.a ;, ksud
fhhs” lshd is;kakS “Èidmdfudla wdpdÍka jykai" ;uka jykafiaf.a
w;jeiaika ,jd uf.a ;, .kakd fiale” hs fudr .Ej' túg Èidmdfudla
wdpdÍ “wehs uE‚hks" uu l=uk wkHdjla flf<ï o” hs lS h' túg ia;S%
lshkakS" “kqU jykafia miafia hk w;jeis ;=ka jdrhla udf.a ;, wer
f.k bksífí;a ;, .ks;a kï udf.a ;, ksukafka h” hs lshd fudr
.d lS h' túg Èidmdfudla wdpdÍ lshkakdyq “Bg f;dm úlafIam fkd
j¦ f;dmf.ka lE ;,j,g uu ñ, foñ” hs lSy'
túg ia;S% lshkakS “lE ;,hg ñ, tmhs¦ bksífí udf.a ;, fkdlk
f,i wjjdo lshj” hs lSy' túg Èidmdfudla wdpdÍ lshkakdyq “bÈßfha
7776 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
§ mdgj flfrñ” hs lshd w;jeiaika fokakl=ka ,jd oE;a ;r lr w,a,d
WK m;af;ka mdr .Kkla .iajd mdgj lrjQy'
túg rc l=urd;a oEia r;a fldg WrKj uqyqK n,d ffjr nekafoah'
Èidmdfudla wdpdÍyq ;uka flf¾ ffjr ne¢ kshdj o;ay¦ oek oek;a
ish¨ Ydia;% W.kajd ksmqK lrjQy' tA rdc l=udrfhda;a Èidmdfudla
wdpdÍka je| kqjrg hkakdyq “wdpdÍka jykai" uu iem fia rdcHhg
meñ‚fhï ùï kï kqU jykafia le|jd tjñ¦ túg wj uekeje” hs
lshd ;ukaf.a rgg f.dia ;ukaf.a msh rÊcqrejkag Ys,am oelajQy'
túg rÊcqrefjda iudêj “ud weia yuqfha fudyqf.a rdcHY%Sh olsñ” hs is;d
rdcHYS%h ÿkakdy' tlshk rdc l=udrfhda;a rdcHhg meñK Èidmdfudla
wdpdÍkag mdgj lrkakd leue;sj wdpdÍka jykafia ud flf¾ iel fkd
is;d jyd tkafka hym;e hs lshd hejQy' tmj;a Èidmdfudla wdpdÍka
jykafia wid “rÊcqrejka jykafia ud le|jd tjkafka ug iafkayfhka
fkd fjhs¦ ud .eiq mdrg ks.%y lrkakg h” hs is;d oek l=udrfhda
nd,fhda h¦ tfia fyhska ud lshk wjjdo oeka wikafkda fkd fj;s'
miqj jeäud¨ jhig meñ‚ l, fhñ hs is;d fkd f.dia l,a hdula
fldg rÊcqrejka jeäud¨j .sh miq Èidmdfudla wdpdÍyq fkd le|jd
u ;=uQ .shy' f.dia jdi, isg ;uka wd mj;a lshd hejQy' tmj;a wid
rÊcqrefjda “hym; wdpdÍka jykafia le|j” hs lshd le|jd lshkakdyq
“wehs wdpdÍks" f;dms urK k<f,a ;nd wjq o@ tojia f;dm úiska
ud ;, lEj hs lshd fokakl=ka ,jd w;a fol w,a,d WK m;af;ka
;e,ajQ mdr ;j olajd uf.a msfÜ ßfokafka h” hs lshd “wud;Hfhks"
fï Èidmdfudla urj” hs lSy' túg Èidmdfudla wdpdÍ lshkakdyq
rÊcqrefjks" tojia f;dm lE ;,hg mdrla fkd .eiS kï fofjks ojia
wksla fidrlula lrkd fial' túg hï flfkla urd oud mQ kï fï
rdcHY%Sh ,nkakg ke;af;a fõ o@ tfia fyhska yslauùu ms‚i l<
mdgjhg W;a;ufhda ffjr fkd n¢;s˜ hs lshd lSy'
tmj;a wid fndfyda wud;Hfhda;a “tfia u h foajhka jykai"
Èidmdfudla wdpdÍka jykafia ms‚i rdcY%Sh kqU jykafia ,o fiale”hs
lSy' rÊcqrefjda tA ldrKh is;d f.k wdpdÍkaf.a fndfyda .=K i|yka
fldg lshkakdyq “Èidmdfudla wdpdÍks" rdcHhg meñ‚fha f;dm ms‚i
h; tfia fyhska rdcHh ms<s.kqj” hs lSy' tmj;a wid Èidmdfudla wdpdÍyq
7776 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
rdcHh fkd .súiaidy' rÊcqrefjda;a ;ukaf.a ñksiqka hjd wdpdÍkaf.a
wUqorejka f.kajd f.k ;ukaf.a kqjr ,d wdpdÍkg fndfyda ;rï
moï i,iajd ;ukg mqfrdays; ;k;=frys ;snqfõ oehs jodrd fï ;s,uqÜÀ
cd;lh ksujd jod< fial'
uiafika oyila uiqrka odyla$rkaldis odyla
ms<S i`.<la frÈ hq.,hla$we÷ï folla
m;a l=vhla ysig w,a,d f.k hk ;,am;la
jyka iÕ<la mdjyka hq.,hla
wdpdÍ Nd. .=re m~qre
idudkH kl;a i,iajd Y=N fõ,djla n,d
msámiafia ,d f.k miq miska le|jd f.k
uE,s ia;%shla uy¨ ia;%sh
t< ;, l¿ meye;s msh,s bj;a l< ;,
.dKla w;g w;g w,a,k m%udKh$ñgla
nv ihska nv.sks neúka
ld mqj uekjhs lEjdg lula ke;ehs
neK fkd ke.S l;d fkd fldg
fï kshdfhka fumßoafoka$fï l%ufhka
w;jeiaika wkaf;ajdislhka$hg;a jeishka$
YsIHhka
wkHdjla wjkS;shla$kqiqÿiq l%shdjla
bksífí;a bka miqj;a
úlafIAm fkd j fYdal fkd lrj$miq;eú,s fkd j
mdgj flfrñ o~qjï lrñ
WK m;af;ka WK m;=rlska
WrKj fldam ù
ksmqK lrjQy mqyqKq l<y
wNsm%dh we;sj leue;a; we;sj$woyi we;sj
wre;a meyeÈ,s lsÍu
7978 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
iudêj i;=gg m;aj
iafkayfhka wdorfhka$fifkyiska$lreKdfjka
jeäud¨ jhia.; jQ$jhiska uqyql=rd .sh
ks.%y wjudk
fndfyda ;rï moï
i,iajd
fndfyda iïm;a § iqÿiq ;;a;ajfha msysgqjd$
mqfrdays; ;k;=frys msysgqjd
wjfndaOh
1' fï l;dfõ m%Odk pß; fudkjd o@
2' rdc l=udrhd ;, lEfõ l=uk ld¾hhla i|yd hñka isáh § o@
3' uy¨ ia;%sh" l=urd lE ;, fjkqfjka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQfha
fudkjd o@
4' rdc l=udrhdf.a m‚jqvh ,enqK o Èidmdfudla wdpdÍka Tyq
yuqjg fkd f.dia isáfha ukao@
5' ;ud ueÍug rc l=ure ksfhda. ÿka wjia:dfõ Èidmdfudla
weÿre;=ud" ksoyig lreKq jYfhka mejiqfõ l=ula o@
7978 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' my; i|yka YS¾I hgf;a ;s,uqÜÀ cd;l l;dj ir,j ,shd olajkak'
¸' l=ure Èidmdfudla wdpdÍka fj; hEu
¸¸' ;, lEfï isoaêh
¸¸¸' wdpdÍkag m‚jqv heùu
¸¹' wdpdÍka rcq yuqjg hEu
2' jryka ;=<ska ksjerÈ ms<s;=r f;dard jdlH iïmQ¾K lrkak'
¸' Èidmdfudla ^wdpdÍyq$wdpdÍka& n%yauo;a; l=ureg Ys,am
b.ekajQy'
¸¸' ^rdc l=udrhka$rdc l=udrhd& kdkakg jejg .sfha h'
¸¸¸' ^ldka;djla$ldka;djl& ;, fõ<ñka isáhd h'
¸¹' ^w;jeiaika$w;jeiafida& l=uref.a oE;a w,a,d .;ay'
¹' ^wud;Hhka$wdud;Hfhda& Èidmdfudla wdpdÍkaf.a .=K lSy'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' ;s,uqÜÀ cd;lfhka Ôú;hg ,eìh yels wdo¾Y ms<sn|j mka;sh
bÈßfha l;djla lrkak'
2' fjk;a cd;l l;djla fidhd f.k lshjkak' tA l;dfõ iy
;s,uqÜÀ cd;lfha oelsh yels iudk;d úuid n,kak'
8180 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ñksid i;a;aj f,dalfha fiiq idudðlhkaf.ka fjkia jk m%Odk
,laIKhla jkafka úúO fuj,ï yd WmlrK Ndú;h hs' fuj,ï yd
WmlrK ;ekSug wdÈ udkjhd .,a" oej" i;a;aj weg lgq yd ueá j¾.
Ndú; lf<a h' udkj mßKdufha ikaêia:dkhla i,l=Kq lrñka Tyq
úúO f,day j¾. Ndú; lrñka ;ukag wjYH WmlrK yd fuj,ï
;ekSug yqre úh'
f,day ;kd .;af;a tA tA f,dayh wvx.= mdIdK ksiaidrKh lsÍfuks'
ñksid uq,ska u Ndú; l< f,day j¾. jkafka ;U" rka" ߧ" Bhï wdÈh hs'
hlv f,dayh fidhd .ekqfKa ñksid f,day fidhd .ekSfuka jir
;=ka oyilg muK miqj h' ld¾hlaIu WmlrK ;ekSu i|yd f,day
lsysmhla ñY% fldg ilia lrk ,o f,dalv" ms;a;," jdfka wdÈ ñY%
f,day ksmojd .ekSug o ñksid lghq;= lr we;' jir oyia .Kkla .,a
hq.fha úiQ ñksid f,day Ndú;hg keUqre ùu;a iu. YS>% ÈhqKqjla w;a
m;a lr .;af;a h' lDIsl¾udka;h ÈhqKq ù úYd, k.r ks¾udKh jQfha
tys m%;sM, jYfhks' ,laÈj f,day ;dlaIKfha b;sydih ms<sn| fï
mdvu mqrdúoHd mYapdoa Wmdê wdh;kfha fcHaIaG lÓldpd¾h wdpd¾h
w¾cqk ;ka;s,f.a uy;df.a WmfoaYl;ajfhka iïmdokh flreKls'
wfma f,day ;dlaIKfha hg.shdj10
8180 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,laÈj wdÈ udkjhd ms<sn| idOl l%sia;= mQ¾j 37000 muK ld,fhys
mgka oel .; yels fjhs' tod mgka l%sia;= j¾I m<uq iyi%lh f;la
Tyq úiska nyq,j Ndú; lrk ,oafoa Ys,d fuj,ï h' hlv ;dlaIKh
bkaÈhdkq w¾Ooaùmh Tiafia furgg meñ‚ njg u;hla fjhs'
,xldfõ ft;sydisl hq.hg wh;a wdÈ udkj l%shdldrlï jd¾;d lrk
wdÈ n%dyaó f,ka ,smsj, lnr" ;nlr" ;=,or jeks fhÿï yuq fjhs; fïjd
hlv" ;U" rka l¾udka;j, kshe¨Kq Ys,amSka ye¢kaùug fhÿKq kï
lsysmhls' wdÈ ,xldfõ .%du kdu w;r o ߧ.u" ;=,dOdr .u" ;ïnmsÜá
.%du jeks kï yuq ùfuka fmkS hkafka tu m%foaY tA tA f,day j¾.h
iïnkaOfhka m%isoaêhg m;aj we;s nj hs' n%dyaó f,ka ,sms ,shejqfKa o
f,day WmlrK Ndú;fhks'
f,day ;dlaIKh ms<sn| mqrdúoHd m¾fhaIKj,ska fmkS hkafka f,day
wvx.= mdIdK y÷kd .ekSug yd tAjd weiqfrka f,day ksIamdokhg Y%S
,dxlslhd iu;a jQ nj hs' tA i|yd wjYH ;dlaI‚l {dkh fuka u
Ys,amSh m%d.=KHh;a Tjqka i;=j mej;s nj fuhska wkdjrKh fjhs'
Èjhsk mqrd fn!oaO YsIagdpdrh jHdma; ùu;a iu. fuj,ï yd WmlrK
i|yd fuka u úydrdrduj, .Dy ks¾udK wx. i|yd o f,day Ndú;hg
.;a njg idOl yuq fjhs'
ft;sydisl f;dr;=re wkqj ,xldfõ hqo lghq;=j, § f,day wdhqO Ndú;
l< nj i|yka fõ' úchf.a isÍij;a:q wdl%uKh" mKavqldNhf.a igka
jeks mqrdjD;a; fuka u ft;sydisl isoaêhla fia ie,lsh yels ÿgq.euqKq
rcqf.a wkqrdOmqr ix.%duh wdÈ igka i|yd fhdod .;a ÿkq" yS" lvq"
m,sy" fy,a," f;daur wdÈ wdhqO i|yd f,day Ndú; l< nj fmkajd Èh
yels h' ÿgq.euqKq rcq úð;mqr n<fldgqj ch .ekSug meñ‚ úg i;=re
fiakd lKavq, we;d u;g WKq l< f,day j;a l< nj o b;sydifha
oelafjhs'
l%sia;= mQ¾j fojk ishjfia ÿgq.euqKq rc iufha uyd úydrfha fmdah f.a
jYfhka bÈ flreKq i;a uy,a f.dvke.s,a, m%p,s; jQfha f,day mdido
fyj;a f,dajd uyd mdh kñks' tys wre; jkafka ‘f,dayfhka ;ekQ
f.dvke.s,a,’ hkq hs' fuys mshiaig fhdok ,oafoa ;U W¿ nj mejfia'
8382 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
l%s'j' m<uqjk ishjfia jiN rcqf.a ld,hg wh;a wl=re ,shQ rka ;yvqjla
yuq ù ;sfí' th fidhd .ekqfKa hdmkh Èia;%slalfha j,a,smqrï kï .ï
m%foaYfhks' fuh" f,day ;yvq u; wl=re ,sùfï iïm%odhla mej;s nj
ikd: lrhs' óg fmr l%s'j' ;=kajk ishjfia § foajdkïmsh;siai rcq oji
rka m;l jdlHhla ,shjd ;enQ nj;a" l%s'mQ' m<uqjk ishjfia j<.ïnd
rcq oji ;%smsglh rka m;aj, ,shjQ nj;a jD;a;dka;j, oelafjhs'
úúO f,day Ndú;fhka w;S; ,dxlslhd ks¾udKh l< úúO l,d
ks¾udK rdYshla wm w;g m;a ù ;sfí' tA w;=frka nqoaO m%;sud" úúO
fndaêi;a;aj yd foaj m%;sud iy úúO lr`vq m%uqLia:dkh Wiq,hs' fï
m%;sud fndfydauhla ms;a;, fyda f,dalv fyda fhdod f.k ks¾udKh
lr ;sfí' we;eï m%;sud rka wdf,am fldg ;sfí' ;U yd f,dalv hk
f,dayj,ska ;ekQ md;% wdÈfha wjfYaI o yuq ù we;' f,day Wmfhda.s lr
.ksñka ldis ksIamdokh l< njg o idOl yuq fjhs' fï i|yd f,dalv"
;U fuka u ߧ yd rka o fhdod f.k ;sfí'
wNh.sß iy fÊ;jk wdrdu yd iïnkaO f,day NdKav ksIamdokh lrk
lïy,a mej;s nj mqrdúoHd;aul idOlj,ska fy<s fjhs' úúO f,day
Ndú; lrñka wd.ñl w.hla iys; l,d lD;s ksIamdokh l< njg
idOl fïjdhska yuq fõ' wNh.sßfha f,day l¾udka; mßY%fhka ,enqKq
;j;a jeo.;a idOlhla jkafka ldis ksIamdokh i|yd Ndú; l< wÉpq
yd ta i|yd fhdod .;a rka ms`vq hs'
rka wdÈ jákd f,day Ndú; lrñka úúO l,d lD;s ksIamdokh lsÍu
m%p,s;j mej;=Kq neúka ‘oU rka’ fyj;a wñY% rka Ndú; lrñka ;kk
,o ms<su wdÈh we;s njg jerÈ úYajdihla m%p,s;j ;sfí' tfy;a wñY% rka
Ndú;fhka l=vd ;yvq jeks hula yefrkakg úYd, ms<su ;eksh fkd yels h'
rka f,dayfha wvq oDV;dj fya;=fjka ms<su yd ldis wdÈh ksIamdokfha §
;U yd ߧ jeks f,day iu. ñY% lr .ekSug isÿ fõ'
mer‚ f,day ksiaidrKh
f,dalfha fndfyda f,day j¾. iajdNdúlj mßirfha Y=oaO f,day f,i
fkd mj;sk w;r Tlaiscka" i,a*¾ jeks uQ,øjH iu. ixfhda.j Lksc
øjH f,i mj;S' fuu Lksc j¾. ksiaidrKhg Ndck lsÍu u.ska f,day
,nd .efka' w;S;fha hlv ksiaidrKh isÿ lr we;af;a hlv wvx.=
8382 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
Lkschla jk ySughsÜ ^fuh fndfyda úg l¿ meye;s ;o .;sfhka hq;a
leg f,i lfndla iu. mj;S& Ndú;fhks'
ySughsÜ oej wÕ=re iu. ñY%
lr W÷kla ;=<g oud or
u.ska by< WIAK;ajhg r;a
lsÍfuka hlv ksiaidrKh
flf¾' fuys § wmøjH fndr
f,i fjka fõ' mqrdúoHd{fhda
hlv ksiaidrKh l< mqrdK
ia:dk y÷kd .ekSug fuu
fndr úisÍ ;sîu fhdod .ks;s'
^mer‚ f,day W÷kl yria lvla&
Y%S ,xldfõ mer‚ f,day ksiaidrKh ms<sn| idOl
Y%S ,xldfõ hlv Ndú;h ms<sn| uq,a u idOl l%s'mQ' 900g muK wh;a
nj wkqrdOmqr we;=¿ kqjr leŒfuka fidhd f.k we;' Èjhsfka
bmer‚ hlv ksIamdok ia:dk oyia .Kkla úh<s l,dmfhys yd w;rueÈ
l,dmhkays oel .; yels h' Y%S ,xldfõ mer‚ hlv ksiaidrKh i|yd
Ndú; W÷kla oekg iS.sßh fl!;=ld.drfha ;ekam;a lr we;' iS.sßh
W÷k l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd wjYH jd;h uhskyula wdOdrfhka ,nd §
we;ehs úYajdi flf¾' n<xf.dv iuk, jej m%foaYfhka fidhd f.k
we;s mer‚ hlv W÷fka úfYaI;ajh jkafka th l%shd;aul lsÍu i|yd
wjYH jd;h iajdNdúl iq<x ud¾.fhka ,nd .ekSu hs' fï i|yd fuu
W÷ka l÷ nEjqïj, iq<x ÈYdjg uqyqK ,d ;kd we;'
le,‚h úYajúoHd,fha mqrdúoHd mYapdoa Wmdê wdh;kh 2014 j¾Ifha
fiareú, isÿ l< m¾fhaIK u.ska Y%S ,xldj w;S;fha fuu l,dmh
;=< ;U ksIamdokh ms<sn| b;du;a jeo.;a uOHia:dkhlaj mej;s nj
wkdjrKh lr .kakd ,È' fuys § fidhd .;a ;U W÷k l%s'mQ' 400g
muK wh;a nj ldnka 14 ld, ks¾Khkaf.ka ikd: ù we;' fiareú,
m%foaYfha jd‚c uÜgñka úYd, jYfhka ksIamdokh l< ;U wmkhkh
lr we;s nj ;U ksIamdok m%foaYhg wdikakj b,xl;=frhs mer‚
wka;¾cd;sl jrdh msysgd ;sîfuka meyeÈ,s fõ'
8584 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
iyi%lh oyilska iukaú; tAllh
YsIagdpdrh kd.ßl ixj¾Ok ,laIK iys; ÈhqKq iudchla
mqrdúoHd{fhda fm!rd‚l jia;= ms<sn|j mÍlaId lrkafkda
n%dyaó f,ka ,sms .,a .=ydj, fldgd ;sfnk n%dyaó wlaIrj,ska
,shejqKq ,sms
lnr hlv l¾udka;fha kshqla; Ys,amshd
;nlr ‘;U yd iïnkaO’ hk w¾:h fok mer‚
jokls¦ ;U l¾udka;fha kshqla; Ys,amshd
;=,or ;=,dOdr¦ rka l¾udka;fha kshqla; Ys,amshd
;dlaI‚l {dkh fjkia ùug ,la jk úoHd;aul oekqu
Ys,amSh m%d.=KHh Ys,amh ms<sn| úfYaI m<mqreoao
jHdma; ùu me;sÍu
isÍij;a:q mer‚ ,xldfõ mej;s nj lshk k.rhl
kuls'
mqrdjD;a; mer‚ l;d mqj;a
;%smsglh nqoaOd.fï uQ,sl .%ka:
wjfYaI b;sß jQ fldgia
m%p,s; m%isoaO
mßY%h N+ñh¦ m%foaYh
ksiaidrKh f,damia hlv njg m;a lsÍfï l%shdj,sh
Y=oaO f,day fjk;a f,day iu. ñY% fkdjQ f,day
Lksc øjH fmdf<dfjka ,nd .kakd f,day øjH
oej ,S
uhskyu .sks W÷fkys .skaor weú,ùu i|yd iq<x hjk
WmlrKh
ldnka 14
ld, ks¾Kh
ldnka keue;s uQ, øjHfha úlsrKYS,S
iuia:dkslhls' ldnksl øjHhla iys;
mqrdjia;=jl ld,h uekSug ldnka uQ, øjHfha
fjkia ùu mokï lr .kq ,efí'
wmkhkh fjk;a rgj,g heùu
wre;a meyeÈ,s lsÍï
8584 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
wjfndaOh
mdvu lshjd my; i|yka m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re imhkak'
1' hlv fuj,ï Ndú;hg fmr furg Ndú;fha mej;sfha l=uk
fuj,ï o@
2' f,day ;dlaIKh yd ne÷Kq mqrdK .%du kdu folla i|yka lrkak'
3' mer‚ ,xldfõ f,day ;yvq u; wl=re ,sùfï iïm%odhla mej;s
njg mj;sk idOl fudkjd o@
4' mqrdúoHd{hka mer‚ hlv ksiaidrK ia:dk y÷kd .ekSu i|yd
Ndú; lrkafka l=ula o@
5' iuk, jej m%foaYfhka yuq jQ j¾.hg wh;a hlv W÷ka l÷
nEjqïj, iq<x ÈYdjg uqyqK ,d ;kd we;af;a wehs@
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' Wla; moh" l¾u moh" wdLHd; moh ksjerÈj fhdod my; i|yka
jdlH iïmQ¾K lrkak'
i. <uhd lshjhs'
ii. f,akakq wU '
iii. hukakd WKq lrhs'
iv. f.or .shd h'
v. ffjoHjrhd f,vqka '
vi. hlv ;<;s'
vii. l=Uqre fldghs'
viii. ñksiaiq lm;s'
2' Wla; moh ksjerÈj fhdod jdlH iïmQ¾K lrkak'
i. rEmjdysksh krUhs'
ii. fjfyrg jeä fial'
iii. jd;a;= jev lr;s'
iv. mh ,siaid jegqKd h'
v. k.rhg .sfhñ'
vi. foúhka mqo;s'
vii. nqÿka jekafouq'
viii. nia kej;=ï fmd<g .shd h'
PB86 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
3' my; i|yka j.=fjys ysia ;eka mqrjkak'
wdLHd;h ld,h jpkh
Wod( h;s j¾;udk nyq
huq ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
.sfha h ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
lEfõ h ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
lm;s ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
.;af;da h ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
msmqfKa h ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
n|sñ ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
úl=Kqjd h ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
4' my; i|yka jdlHj, wdLHd; mo w;S; ld,hg yrjd ,shkak'
i. nuqfKda hd. lr;s'
ii. lïu,alrefjda wdhqO ;k;s'
iii. n<xf.dv hmia u;= fjhs'
iv. Ys,amSyq ;u jevlghq;=j, kshef,;s'
v. fofofkla uhskyu wÈ;s'
5' my; i|yka jdlHj, wdLHd; mo wk;S; ld,hg ^j¾;udk$
wkd.;& yrjd ,shkak'
i' mqrdúoHd{hd lreKq wkdjrKh lf<a h'
ii. i,a .fiys u,a msmqfKa h'
iii. udud wm n,kakg meñ‚fha h'
iv. wïud mq;=g lsß fmõjd h'
v. wms ñysß yçka .S lSfjuq'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' mdvu fyd¢ka lshjkak'
2' f,day ;dlaIKhg wod< jpk f.dkqjla ilia lrkak'
3' “Y%S ,xldfõ f,day ;dlaIKh” uefhka ì;a;s mqj;am;lg ,smshla
ilia lrkak'
4' f,day ;dlaIKh ms<sn| ,sms tla /ia lrkak'
5' ;Uj,ska idok ,o NdKav f,aLkhla ms<sfh, lrkak'
87PBfkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%dfhda.sl f,aLk
wfma Ôú;hg wod<j tÈfkod lghq;= i|yd wmg fndfyda
úg ,sms ,sùug isÿ fjhs' f;dr;=rla oekqï §ug fyda
f;dr;=rla ,nd .ekSug we;s tla ikaksfõok udOHhla
jkafka ,shqï yqjudrej hs' ,shqïj,g wu;rj wdrdOkd
m;%" oekaùï" w;am;%sld" fmdaiag¾ wdÈh o ikaksfõokfha §
Ndú; fõ' fï ish,a, f,aLkh u.ska l< hq;= fjhs' ta ksid
NdIdj ksjerÈj yd ksrjq,aj Ndú; lsÍu;a iqÿiq wdlD;s yd
Ys,amSh l%u fhdod .ekSu;a wjYH fõ' fï mdvfï § rdcldß
,sms ,sùu yd wdrdOkd m;% ilia lsÍu ms<sn| u. fmkaùula
flfrhs'
11
YsIH kdhl ks, ,dxPk me,|ùu 2016
l,dm wOHdmk wOHlaIl ;=ud"
úÿy,am;s" l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,h"
rdyq, uyd úoHd,h" i÷ka.u'
i÷ka.u'
8988fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
rdcldß ,sms
rdcldß ,sms ,sùfï § ie,ls,su;a úh hq;= lreKq
² lsj hq;= foa meyeÈ,sj ;SrKh l< hq;= hs'
lsj hq;= foa Tng meyeÈ,s kï muK hs Tn ,shk ,smsfha lreKq
meyeÈ,sj lshjkakdg wjfndaO jkafka' fï ksid lsj hq;= lreKq
ms<sn|j uq,ska u o< igykla ilid .ekSu m%fhdackj;a fõ'
² lsj hq;= foa l%udkql+,j ;¾ldkql+,j fm< .eiaúh hq;= h'
² tla uQ,sl lreKla i|yd tla fþohla ne.ska fhdod .; hq;= h'
² ,smsh l=uk úIhhla iïnkaOfhka oehs újD; l< ú.i lshjkakdg
oek .ekSug yels jk f,i ,smshg ud;Dldjla fhÈh hq;= h'
² ,smsh ,nkakd ,smsh lshjQ miq ta iïnkaOfhka l=ula l< hq;= oehs
ksYaÑ; l%shd ud¾.hlg fhduq lsÍula ,smsh u.ska l< hq;= h'
² flá ir, jdlH yd jpk Ndú; l< hq;= h'
² úrdu ,laIK ksis mßÈ fhÈh hq;= h'
² ,smsfha fomi ;Srej, wod< bv m%udKh ;nkak' f.dkq.; lsÍfï
myiqj yd wod< igyka wdÈh ;eîu i|yd'
² ,smsfha l%udkql+, nj yd msßisÿ nj /l .; hq;= h'
rdcldß ,smshl uQ,sldx.
) hjkakdf.a ku" ;k;=r" ,smskh" ¥rl:k wxlh yd Èkh
) ,nkakdf.a ;k;=r yd ,smskh
) wduka;%Kh
) ud;Dldj
) wod< lreKq
bÈß msgqfjys oelafjk ,smsh weiqfrka rdcldß ,smshl wdlD;sl ,laIK
y÷kd .kak'
1 hjkakdf.a ,smskh
2 Èkh
3 ,nkakdf.a ,smskh
4 wduka;%Kh
5 ud;Dldj
6 wka;¾.;h
7 ia;=;sh
8 w;aik
8988fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
6
''''''''''''''''''''''''''
f,alï
''''''''''''''''''''''''''
iNdm;s
m%ikak chùr"
f,alï"
“mßir ñ;=frda” ixúOdkh"
me‚fj¿rj uyd úoHd,h"
ysUqgqf.d,a,'
¥rl:k wxlh 098 2243875
2016'01'10
1
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8
lDIs m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok ks,Odß"
me‚fj¿rj W;=r"
f.dúck fiajd uOHia:dkh"
ysUqgqf.d,a,'
uy;auhdfKks"
wdo¾Y f.dúfmd<la wdrïN lsÍu
wm mdif,a YsIH YsIHdjkaf.a m%fhdackh i|yd m%dfhda.sl ;dlaIK
l=i,;d yd lDIsl¾uh hk úIhhkag wod<j bÈß udia lkakfha §
mßir ys;ldó wdo¾Y f.dúfmd<la wdrïN fldg mj;ajd f.k hEug
woyia fldg we;' fï i|yd úÿy,am;s;=udf.a mQ¾K wkque;sh o ,eî
;sfí'
ta wkqj ìu ilia lr .ekSu" fNda. f;dard .ekSu yd imhd .ekSu"
fNda. frdamKh lsÍu yd fmdfydr fh§u wdÈ lreKq iïnkaOfhka
Tn;=udf.a Wmfoia wfmalaId lruq' myiq Èkhla yd fõ,djla
¥rl:kfhka oekqï § mdi,g meñK wmg wjYH Wmfoia imhk
f,i ldre‚lj b,a,d isáuq'
ia;=;s hs"
9190fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
) wjidkhwdrdOkd m;%
mdi,l wdrdOkd m;% ilia lsÍug isÿ jk wjia:d fndfyda h'
ksjdidka;r l%Svd Wf,<" jd¾Isl ;Hd. m%odfkda;aijh" jd¾Isl msxlï"
úúO m%ix." kdgH" ms<s.ekSï" iuq .ekSï" Wmydr" újD; lsÍï" m%o¾Yk"
foaYk wdÈh ta w;r fjhs'
mdif,ka neyer iudc Ôú;fha § úúOdldr wjia:d i|yd wdrdOkd m;%
ilia lsÍug o isÿ fjhs' ux., W;aij" úúO wd.ñl W;aij" f.je§ï"
mjqf,a W;aij" iñ;s iud.ï yd iïnkaO úúO wjia:d ta w;r fjhs'
wdrdOkd m;% ilia lsÍfï § ms<smeÈh hq;= ta i|yd u úfYaI jQ Í;shla
fyda wdlD;shla fyda ke;' wdrdOkd m;%h th ilia lrkakdf.a leue;a;
wkqj ks¾udKd;aulj ilia l< yels h' tfy;a wdrdOkd m;%hla ilia
lsÍfï § tys wvx.= úh hq;= uQ,sl lreKq we;=<;a ù ;sìh hq;= h'
) wruqK
) Èkh
) fõ,dj
) ia:dkh
) m%Odk wdrdê;hd
) wdrdOkd lrkafka ljqre o@
) wdrdOkd lrkafka fldys isg o@
) wdrdOkdj lrk Èkh
bÈß msgqfjys oelafjk kso¾Yl wdrdOkd m;%h weiqfrka by; lshk
,o lreKq y÷kd .kak' ks¾udKYS,Sj is;a .kakd wdldrfhka wdrdOkd
m;% ilia lrkak'
9190fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
i÷ka.u
rdyq, uOH uyd úoHd,fha
YsIH kdhl ks, ,dxPk me,|ùfï Wf,<
úoHd,fha §ma;su;a wdÈ YsIHhl= jk
ì%f.aäh¾ id,sh uqÿkaf.dv
ue;s;=udf.a m%Odk;ajfhka
2016 ckjdß 24 jk Èk
fm'j' 10'00g
úoHd,hSh /iaùï Yd,dfõ §
wNsudkj;a f,i meje;afõ'
tu iqúfYaI wjia:djg iyNd.s jk f,i
Tn jykafiag$Tn;=udg$Tn;=ñhg
f.!rjfhka wdrdOkd lruq'
úÿy,am;s yd ixúOdhl uKav,h
rdyq, uOH uyd úoHd,h
2016'01'14 i÷ka.u
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' Tn mdif,a m%Odk YsIH kdhlhd$kdhsldj f,i is;d mdi,a
fiajd nia r:h ksis fõ,djg Odjkh fkd ùu fya;=fjka mdi,g
meñŒfï §;a mdi, wjidkfha ksfjia lrd hEfï §;a we;s jk ld,
m%udoh ksid mdi,a orejka uqyqK § we;s ÿIalr;d meyeÈ,s lrñka
tu .eg¨jg blauka úi÷ula ,nd fok f,i b,a,d úÿy,am;s;=ud
u.ska äfmda wêldß;=udg hjk rdcldß ,smshla ,shkak'
2' Tn mdif,a “mßir ñ;=frdA” ixúOdkfha f,alï hehs is;d mdi,
wi, N+ñhlg k.rfha le,s li< neyer lsÍu ksid isÿ ù we;s
mßir ¥IKh fya;=fjka mdi,a orejka uqyqK md we;s ÿIalr;d
meyeÈ,s lrñka tu .eg¨jg jyd úi`ÿula ,nd fok f,i m%foaYSh
iNdfõ iNdm;s;=ud fj; heùug iqÿiq rdcldÍ ,smshla ,shkak'
3' Tn mdif,a meje;aùug kshñ; ljr fyda W;aijhla uq,a lr f.k
ta i|yd iyNd.s lr .ekSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkakka fj; heùug
iqÿiq wdldrfha ks¾udKd;aul wdrdOkd m;%hla ilia lrkak'
9392 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
iskd l=uß
Y%S pkaør;ak udkjisxy ^1913-1964& lúhl=" .S; kdgl rplhl= fuka
u mqj;am;a l,dfõÈhl= f,i o lS¾;shla Èkqfjls' fn,sw;a; Y%S
m[a[dkkao úÿy,ska wOHdmkh ,o t;=ud miqj bkaÈhdjg f.dia
jx. iy yska§ hk NdId Wf.k Ndr;Sh ixialD;sh .ek o yeoEÍ h'
pkaør;ak udkjisxy uy;d úiska rpkd lrk ,o fldau, f¾Ld moH
ix.%yfhka Wmqgd .kakd ,o iskd /,a, kue;s lú mx;sh weiqfrka
fuu mdvu ieliS we;' fldau, f¾Ld moH ix.%yfha m%ia;djkdjg
wkqj t;=ud ldjHlrKhg keUqre jQfha ;ud wjg mßirh yd ne÷Kq
w;aoelSï iys;j h' ;u ks¾udKh ri .ekajQfha tA w;aoelSï mdol
lr .ksñks'
‘iskd l=uß’ rpkd ù we;af;a o tjeks u jQ w;aoelSula weiqfrks'
rij;a lúhla ks¾udKh lrkakg ;u w;aoelSï yd lúh rij;a
jk fhÿï Ndú; lrk wdldrh .ek o wjfndaOhla ;sìh hq;= h' ta
ms<sn|j Tng wjfndaOhla ,nd §u fuu mdvfï wruqK hs'
12
9392 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
pkaør;ak udkjisxy uy;d .S;" .S; kdgl" ldjH ix.%y ks¾udKh
lsÍfuka muKla fkd j fy<Èj yd ,xld§m hk mqj;am;aj, l;=jrhl="
ixialdrljrhl= f,i o isxy, NdIdjg yd idys;Hhg bgq lr we;s
fiajdj w.fka h'
udkjisxy uy;d úfYaI olaI;djla oelajQfha ldjH iy .S; kdgl
ks¾udKfhys h' ufkdaydÍ kue;s .S; kdglh;a fiamd,sld kue;s <ud
.S; kdglh;a t;=udf.a ks¾udK jk w;r ‘ó lsß’" ‘fjila ñysr’" ‘.=re
f.org hk w;r u.’" ‘we;a .df,a ore fmu’" ‘uf.a rg’ wdÈh t;=udf.a
m%lg ldjH ks¾udK lsysmhls' uy fnda jkaku" iriaj;S wNskkaokh
jeks .S mo rpkd o t;=ud úiska ks¾udKh flßKs'
fldau, f¾Ld kï jQ pkaør;ak udkjisxyhkaf.a ks¾udK tl;=fjka
fuu moH mka;sh Wmqgd .kakd ,È' wms tu moH mka;sh ñysß f,i
.dhkd lruq'
is,s,dfrl fy,a ue,S
fm;s w;ßka ie,s ie,S
lkg fkdfhk is;g oefkk
is,s is,shl meg,s,d"
<d wU o¿ kj kjd
oï mdáka Tm oud
i| leka ñ‚ leg wiafika
W,am;aj, lsñÈ,d"
flfi,a .iska u;= fj,d
f.dnh jáka oejá,d
lsß mdgg Tm,d f.k
wyig mek md fj,d"
fk¨ï uf,a fm;si,d
mqnqÿjñka fkdu ;<d
nÜg jfÜ f¾Kq fmdl=r
r;= meyefhka iri,d"
fk¨ï fldf<a fkdu we,S
Èh ì÷jl .e,s .e,S
fmr<s fmr<s fi,a,ï fldg
Èh /,a,g tla fj,d"
.y fld< ksÈ w;fr§
f,dj ksy~j ;sìh§
ri .Shla wl=<d f.k
isyskj,g jeÈ je§
u;=msg ke. iqÿ j,d
ysu l÷ msg .ejis,d
y| t<sfha ks,a wyfia
tA fï w; weúo,d
isks÷ fldmqj weo fy<d
mqjla u,la úyso,d
we;a o;a mdáka u,a weg
lsks;s Èf.a w,j,d
9594 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
w;f¾ È. nvjeà
je,s ly u,aj, .eà
b÷ks,a ñ‚ t<shla §
oejá oejá tl ieà
nei hk .Õ=,e,a mqrd
fmK ms~qj, ieß ird
.sß f,kaj, l÷ .=,aj,
w÷r iu. fkd fld÷rd
ñ‚;,fhl ;re fy<d
i÷f.ka wek wUr,d
tu ¥ú,s l=vq msU msU
foaÿkqj, jev oud"
uf. ;=kaueis Èh‚f.a
rij;a isyskh Èf.a
iskd l=uß kgk l,g
Èáñ ish¨ rej wef.a
is,s,dr c, ;,dj
fy,aue,s Èfha msfmk iqÿ meye;s u,a j¾.hla
f.dn È. yefrkakg fmr flfi,a o,a,
Tm Èiakh¦ ldka;sh¦ nen<Su
fldmqj wdjrKh¦ jeiau
.sßf,ka l÷j, msysá .=yd¦ .,a f,ka
.|U .dhk jdok lrk foaj fldÜGdihla
wre;a meyeÈ,s lsÍu
fiamd,sl u,a .=,d
?g fydfrka fyd,j,d
keá r;= lr fyjKe,s hg
ìu yeu ;ek úiqrejd
oÕ lrñka kg kgd
weúÈk uq¿ f,dj jgd
.|U l=ußhls fud<leá
we;s iqr;,a .;s kqrd
weh ÿgq ok ;=gq fj;S
‘iskd’ kñka wu;;S
wE fj; <eÈ fkdjk flfkl=
fï uq¿ f,dfjys u ke;S
9594 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
wjfndaOh
1' fuu moH mka;sfhka j¾Kkd flfrkafka l=ula o@
2' b÷ks,a ue‚ll t<shg iudk lr we;af;a fudkjd o@
3' foaÿkakg mdg ,eî we;af;a flfia o@
4' uq¿ f,dalh u .S;j;a ù we;s nj mjik lúh Wmqgd olajkak'
5' ish,a,ka u <eÈhdjla olajk fï ;eke;a;sh lúhd y÷kajkafka
l=uk kulska o@
ri lú f.d;uqlú ri ú¢uq
fodhs fodhs fodhs fodhsh mq;d - nhs nhs nhs nhsh mq;d
Tkak nfnda we;skakshd - .,a wrfò isákakshd
.f,ka .,g mkskakshd - nnqg nfha ÿjkakshd'
nfiys ri fkd y÷kk l=vd l, § mjd Tn lúhl ri ú¢ nj u;l o@
wïudf.a" w;a;ïudf.a" kekaodf.a" mqxÑ wïudf.a fyda f,dl= wïudf.a
Wl=f<ys ke<efjñka wehf.a ñysß yçka iekiqKq whqre Tng isysjkq
we;' ke<ú,s .S ,hdkaú;j .efhoa§ kskao orejd fj;g tkafka tys
ßoauh yd ;d,h ksihs'
my; i|yka lú .dhkd lrkak'
f.dv b;d wfma jefõ ù yd yd yß ydjd
f,dl= i;d fyd¢ka je fõù lef,a ueÈka wdjd
n,j ;d wgq fldgq fnda ù ysg f.k .Õ .djd
n, we;d nv.sks fka ù jg msg weye ,Ejd
uqksodi l=udr;=x.
9796 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ud jeks ì,skaod
jr jr <Õg lekaod
ÿla iem l=uka od
wik ksßf|da fjk fldhska od
f;dg.uqfõ Y%S rdyq, ysñ
fï tla tla lúh .dhkd lrkafka tlsfklg fjkia ßoauhlg yd
;d,hlg wkqj hs' th tfia isÿ jkafka tA tA lúfhys wlaIr fyj;a
wl=re fhdod we;s wdldrh wkqj hs' fï Yío rgdj ‘úß;’ hkqfjka
ye¢kafõ' lúhla úß;lg wkqj rij;aj .hk úg uOqr jQ y~la u;=
fjhs' tys Yíoh rij;a fjhs'
my; i|yka lú .dhkd lrkak'
oj,a ;siafi
m÷re wiafi
yexf.k fmdä
ydjd
mdg ÿUqre
weia jgl=re
f,dau ;sfnk
ydjd
lg fome;af;
fl¢ nqre;a;
È.g weÿKq
ydjd
weia' uyskao ysñ
fï lú fmf<ys"
;siafi - wiafi
ÿUqre - jgl=re
fome;af; - nqre;a;
hkqfjka fh§ we;s moj, úfYaIhla Tng oefkkq we;s' fuf,i iudk
Yío tl ;ek fh§u ksid tu lúfhka rij;a Yíohla cks; fjhs' wms
;j;a WodyrKhla f.k n,uq'
9796 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
meye ir‚h ñ‚ meñ‚h fld;a w.g
n| lsls‚h oo .sys‚h úuka jg
fkd j mer‚h jk ru‚h úáka úg
ie<,sys‚h jÿ le,‚h mqr jrg
fuu lúfhys o ir‚h" meñ‚h" lsls‚h" .sys‚h" mer‚h" ru‚h"
,sys‚h" le,‚h hkqfjka iudk Yío tlsfklg kskakdo jk whqßka
fhdod we;' fuu ldjH Wml%uh wm y÷kajkafka wkqm%di kñks'
‘wkqm%di’ Ndú;fhka o Yíoh rij;a fjhs'
tfuka u fuu lúfhys uq, § ‘h’ wlaIrfhka o ueo § ‘h’ wlaIrfhka
o w. § ‘g’ wlaIrfhka o mo y;r u wjika lr we;' ‘t<sjeg’ yd
‘t<siuh’ hkqfjka y÷kajkafka tl u wlaIrhlska mo y;r u wjika
lrk fï ldjH ,laIKh hs' uq, § yd ueo § fuu ldjH ,laIKh
wdrlaId lr .kakg iu;a jkafka b;d u olaI lúfhla mu‚' fï
ldjH ,laIKh o fya;= jkafka lúhl Yíohg uOqr ufkdayr y~la tla
lrkakg h' Yíoh rij;a lrkakg h' Yíoh rij;a l< hq;af;a w¾:h o
/flk wdldrhg h' Yío rih /l .ekSu i|yd w¾:hla fkdue;s Yío
.e<mSfuka fyd| lúhla ks¾udKh l< fkd yels h'
ukd f,i mo .e<mSfuka lúhl Yíoh rij;a lrkakg yels nj
fuhska meyeÈ,s jkq we;' fujeks fhÿï u.ska lúhlg uOqr iajrhla"
ñysß y~la tla l< yels h'
iskd l=uß moH mka;sh .dhkd lroa§ Yíoh jv jvd;a rij;aj
oefkkafka tys we;=<;a wkqm%dij;a fhÿï ksihs'
“Èh ì÷jl .e,S .e,S
“fmr<s fmr<s fi,a,ï fldg” “we;a o;a mdáka u,a weg” “tu ¥ú,s l=vq msU msU” “iskd l=uß kgk l,g”
tfuka u ‘iskd l=uß’ lú mka;sfha t<siuh /l .kakg lúhd iu;a
ù ;sîfuka tys Yío rih jvd;a rij;a fõ' uq,a mo fol;a wjidk
moh;a tl u wl=rlska wjika lrkakg lúhd W;aidy lr ;sîfuka lú
9998 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
mka;sh rij;a ù we;' fï lú tlska tl .hk úg iudk y~la u;=
jk jpk lSmhla tl <`. fh§ we;s njla fmfkhs' tl iudk Yío tl
<`. fh§fuka Yíoh rij;a fjhs'
“flfi,a .fika u;= fj,d
f.dnh jáka oejá,d” “fk¨ï fldf<ys fkdu we,S
Èh ì÷jl .e,s .e,S” “weh ÿgq ok ;=gq fj;S
iskd kñka wu;;S” lúhla rij;a jkafka tu lúh u.ska lshefjk woyi;a rij;a jqj fyd;a
muKls' lúfha woyi fyj;a w¾:h ri .kajkakg o ks¾udKlrejd
rij;a fhÿï Ndú; lrhs' my; i|yka lúh .dhkd lrkak'
È,sys È,sys wdldfia nn<k u,a
;dreld
nen<s nen<s wdldfia È,sfik u,a
;dreld
.kag;a nE fokag;a nE mqxÑ rejka
;dreld
wdkkao rdclreKd
fuu lúfhys fh§ we;s ‘u,a ;dreld’ hk fhÿu wmQre fhÿuls' u,a
jf.a ;dreld fyda u,a jeks ;dreld hkqfjka fyda fkd lshd u,a ;dreld
f,i fhdod we;' fuka" fia" jeks" jf.a" whqre hkdÈ ksmd; fkd fhdod
hula hulg iudk lrk fujeks fhÿï y÷kajkafka ‘rEml’ hkqfjks'
uy mqÿfuls
u,l uf,ls
keye tys ils
iuk,fhls
fuu lúfhys ‘uf,l uf,ls’ hk fhÿfuys woyi;a u,la jf.a
iuk,fhla hkak hs' tfy;a ‘jf.a’ hk moh fkdue;sj fh§ we;s
9998 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
neúka th o rEmlhls' rEmlj,ska w,xldr jkafka lúfha w¾:h hs'
oeka wms ;j;a lú lSmhla .dhkd lruq' tA lúj, fh§ we;s rEml
w,xldr y÷kd .kakg W;aidy lruq'
ks,a froaol rka ;eáhla
yx.k yeá fukak lshd
rkajka wfm bre foúfhda
yexf.;s uy uqyqÿ l=fia
j; iqmsms mshqfuls
fk; iqks,a ñ‚ hqjf<ls
.; .k rka refjls
jk; k; uq;a ljqre fj;s yels
fï lúj,"
bre foúfhda - rka ;eáhls
uy uqyqo - ks,a froaols
j; - mshquls
fk; - ñ‚ hqj<ls
.; - rka rejls
hkqfjka rEml fhdod we;s wdldrh Tng meyeÈ,s jkq we;'
my; i|yka lú .dhkd lrkak'
.i j;=iqÿ
ù msßisÿ
fmdfydh ke;sÿ
is,a.;a n÷
uqksodi l=udr;=x.
101100 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
cïnq .yg r; fmdrjkakS
nlaó .y ly wkaokakS
wU o¨ <d r; ;jrkakS
f,da l; úis;=re lr,kakS
wÍfika wyqnqÿ
fuu lúj,ska lshefjkafka iajdNdúl isÿùï lSmhls' j;=iqÿ .i jeiS
hk ;rï iqÿ meye u,a msmS ;sîu" cïnq .i r;= meye;s f.äj,ska msÍ
;sîu" nlaó .i u,a msmS ly mdáka jeiS hdu" wU o¨ ,d r;= meyefhka
nen<Su hk isÿùï iajdNdúl h' tfy;a l;=jrhd fï isÿùï .ek
lshkafka iÔù ñksia l%shdldrlï f,i hs' fï olaI lùka ;u ks¾udK
rij;a lrkakg fhdod .kakd ;j;a ldjH Wml%uhls'
“j;=iqÿ .y is,a wrf.k” “ljqreka fyda cïnq .yg r;= mdg froaola fmdrjd,d” “nlaó .yg;a ly froaola wkao,d” “wU o¨j, <d r;= mdg ;jr,d”
hkqfjka ñksia l%shdldrlï f,i fï iajdNdúlj isÿ jk oE bÈßm;a
lsÍu" fuys w¾:h rij;a lrkakg fuka u tA tA isÿùï yd wjia:d wm
bÈßfha uefjkakg o fya;= fõ'
.k ks,a fld< msreKq .ila
lsß j;=ßka kdjk f,i
l÷ ysia ojgd óÿï
my<g nis;S
weia' uyskao ysñ
fuu lúfhys o lshefjkafka l÷ uqÿka jgd we;s óÿï my<g .,d hdu
ljqreka fyda lrk l%shdjla f,i hs' th .ila lsß j;=frka keyeùug
iudk lr olajd we;' fuhska isÿ jkafka o w¾:h rij;a ùuls'
101100 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
iskd l=uß moH mka;sfha we;=<;a my; i|yka lúh .dhkd lrkak'
isks÷ fldmqj weofy<d
mqjla u,la úyso,d
we;a o;a mdáka u,a weg
lsks;s Èf.a w,j,d
mqjla u,l fldmqj weo oud u,a lsks;s Èf.a mqjla u,a weg w,jkq Tn
oel ;sfí o@ lsis úfgla tjekakla isÿ fkd fõ' tfy;a lúhd lshkafka
tjeks l%shdjla .ek hs' fï iskd l=ußhf.a l%shdjls' olaI lùyq fujeks
iajdNdúl isÿùï ñksia l%shdldrlï f,i j¾Kkd lr;s'
Tn fyd¢ka u okakd ;j;a ldjH Wml%uhla jkafka Wmud fh§u hs'
my; i|yka lú .dhkd lrkak'
iuka msÉp u,a bysreKq “wd;df.a /jq< È.hs'
ks,a ;K fld< msÜgkshla lsß jdf.a iqÿ u iqÿhs” jf.hs wyi wkak n,kq
fldÉpr ,iaik o ?g “bref.a fmdä megjqka fuka
nn<k rkajka u,a we;s
uf. iqr;,a wlaldf.a fï ls‚ysß .y n,kak
udf,a uq;= weg jdf.a uyK fj,d jf.a fka o” fï jefgkafk msks ìxÿ;a
youq tlla tA jdf.a
fuu lúj, fh§ we;s Wmud y÷kd .ksuq'
;re mdhd we;s wyi - iuka msÉp u,a bysreKq msÜgkshla jf. hs
jefgk msks ìxÿ - wlaldf.a udf,a uq;= weg jf. hs
wd;df.a /jq, - lsß jf. hs"
rkajka u,a - ysref.a megjqka jf. hs
hula hulg iudk lr oelaùfï § jf.a" jeks" n÷ hkdÈ ksmd; fh§fuka
Wmudj keue;s ldjH Wml%uh ielfia' tA u.ska o isÿ jkafka lúhl
w¾:h rij;a ùu hs'
103102 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
lúhla ks¾udKh lsÍfï § Yíoh;a w¾:h;a rij;a f,i bÈßm;a lsÍu
yd uekúka ixfhda. lsÍu olaI lúhdf.a ld¾hNdrh hs' túg tu lú
lshjd ri ú¢kakka ;=< o lsis od wu;l fkd jk rihla we;s fjhs'
ri ú¢kakg;a ri lú f.d;kakg;a wm mqreÿ úh hq;= hs'
my; i|yka lú .dhkd lrkak'
n,kq fï fõ hd
f,dl= i;l= fkdfõ hd
iu.sh u fõ hd
Wf. n,h f,dfõ hd
flkao fmd,a b;d
iq¿ fohls iel ke;d
lUh bka f.d;d
f.k" nekao yels we;d
uyfk,a iqj| u h
l=vuiq ms<S .| u h
folg tl Èh u h
fyd|g krlg folg lg u h
fï lú ks¾udKh ù we;af;a wm tÈfkod olsk mßirh weiqfrks'
tfy;a tA u.ska § we;s m‚jqvh yd Wmfoi n,kak' rij;a lúhlska
fujeks Wmfoia § Ôú;h yev .iajkakg o lúhd iu;a fjhs'
lúhla ks¾udKh lsÍfï § wm fndfyda foa oek isáh hq;= nj Tng
jegfykq we;s' lúhla ks¾udKh lrkakg wm is; ;=<g ;Èka oekqKq
isÿùula fyda wjia:djla fyda is;=ú,a,la ;sìh hq;= hs' tjeks yeÕSï
ksrka;rfhka is; ;=< l,amkdjg kef.hs' kej; kej; l,amkdjg
kef.k tA yeÕSu ;j;a whg oefkk f,i lúhg ke.sh yels h' tA
w;aoelSu rij;a lúhla f,i ks¾udKh lrkakg W;aidy .; hq;= hs'
103102 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ksjig ù ld,h .; lsÍfuka lú ks¾udKh lsÍu i|yd wjYH is;=ú,s
yd w;aoelSï my< fkd fjhs' br mdhk yeá" br nisk yeá" y| mdhk
yeá" ;re nenf<k yeá yd tys wmQre nj úiauh okjk iq¨ nj Tn
w;a ú¢h hq;= h'
uqyqfoa r< ìf|k y~g" .x.dfõ c,h .f,ka .,g jefgk y~g Tn
lka Èh hq;= h' jkdka;rfha .y fld< fi,fjk ßoauh" Tn y÷kd .;
hq;= h' ksjfia Tn yd Ôj;a jk wïudg" ;d;a;dg" ifydaor ifydaoßhkag"
wdÉÑg" iShdg wdorh lrñka Tjqkaf.a wdorh" fifkyig ixfõ§ úh
hq;= h' tfia u ksjfia we;s lrk iqr;,df.a l%shdldrlï foi;a Tfí
f.j;af;a ießirk i;=ka .ek;a Tn úuis,su;a úh hq;= h' túg Tng o
lú ks¾udKh lrkakg wjYH w;aoelSï ,efnkq we;' fï lú fmf<ka
bÈßm;a flfrkafka fidnd oyfuys fid÷re nj hs' ;=ka uila jhie;s
;u iqr;,a Èh‚hkaf.a iskdj ÿgq lúhd tA iskdfjka uq¿ f,dj u
msìfok nj;a iqkaor jk nj;a lshkafka wmQre wdldrhlg hs'
i| t<sfhka keyefjk l=uqÿ u,a" oïmdáka nenf<k wU o¨" i| t<sh
;jrd f.k lsß mdáka Èf,k flfi,a f.dn .ek j¾Kkd lrk lúhd"
fk¨ï u,a msìfok yeá" fk¨ï fld< u; Èh ì÷ fi,a,ï lrk yeá"
l÷ w;r j,dl=¿ mdfjk yeá j¾Kkd lrhs' mqjla u,a msmS" nvjeáj,
je,s ;,dj, lyu,a we;sÍ" tAjd ks,amdáka nenf<ñka mßirh iqkaor
fjoa§ fiamd,sld u,a .ia hg ;ek ;ek úisfrhs' .Õ=,e,a weo yef,oa§
foaÿkq mdhd we;' fï iqkaor fidnd oyu lúhd j¾Kkd lrkafka ;u
Èh‚hka ySk olsñka iskd l=ußh iu. kgñka isákq oelSfuka ,o
ñysß yeÕSfuka hqla;j hs' lúhl= jkakg kï mßirh yd ixfõ§ úh
hq;= nj fuhska meyeÈ,s fjhs'
lúhla ks¾udKh lsÍfï § fuka u ri ú£fï § o tys w¾:h rij;a úh
hq;= nj;a Yíoh o Bg .e<fmk f,i rij;aj fhÈh hq;= nj;a is;ays
;nd f.k ri lú ks¾udKh lrkak' lú ks¾udKh lrkakg Tng
we;s yelshdjg bv yßkak' Tfí w;aoelSu lúhla u.ska wka whg;a ri
ú¢kakg bv ,nd fokak'
105104 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,sÅ; wNHdi
Tn leu;s f,i ks¾udKh lr .;a mo fhdod my; i|yka lú
iïmQ¾K lrkak'
1' u,l u,la msmqKq j.la
ljqo lshkjd'
tA u, jg nUre weú;a
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
2' rdx rdx rEx rEx ?k .srjq l%Sx l%Sx
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
3' álals álsß j;= iqÿu,a
is,a wrf.k fuks yeul,a
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
4' lsßuÿ je,a j;a; mqrd
ÿj mek weúÈhs
wmamÉÑ fldagqjlska
Tjqkag neg fohs'
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
5' ó meáfhda Thd T;k fudlo lrkafka
wfma wïud [dõ lshk y~hs wefykafka
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
6' nÜáÉpd .y uqÿfka - fou,sÉpd fodr whsfka
fmd,alsÉpd ñÿ, fldfka - ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
7' rkaue,s iE /ia lsrKhs - l,d jefõ Èh oyrhs
o<od ysñ /ljrKhs - ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
8' trnÿ u,a r;g r;hs - lcq mqyq,ka iqj| yuhs
fldyd fldfyda fldfyda lshhs - '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
105104 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' my; i|yka lùka úiska ks¾udKh lrk ,o <ud lú tla /ia lr
mqxÑ lú fmd;la ilia lrkak'
³ wdkkao rdclreKd lúhd
³ tia' uyskao ysñ
³ l=udr;=x. uqksodi lúhd
2' my; i|yka ud;Dldj,g lú fol ne.ska ks¾udKh lrkak'
³ frdai u,
³ iqr;,d
³ mß.Klh
³ w¨;a isxy, fmd;
³ m,;=re
107106 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
jdlH rpkh
woyia ksrjq,aj yd ksjerÈj bÈßm;a lrñka f,aLk ld¾hfha
fh§fï ksmqK;dj ixj¾Okh lr .ekSu Wfoid ud;Dldkql+,j
rpkd ,sùfï l%shdldrlu fhdod .; yels h' fuys ,d ;¾ldkql+,j
woyia bÈßm;a lrñka WÑ; f,i lreKq ixúOdkh lr .ksñka
is;a .kakd ffY,shlska jdlH rpkh ,sùu uQ,sl fõ' tys § ksjerÈ
jdlH rgd wkq.ukh" iqÿiq mßÈ úrdu ,l=Kq fh§u" mo ksis f,i
wE;a lr ,sùu yd meyeÈ,s w;a wl=re hk Ys,amSh olaI;d o m%.=K
l< hq;= fõ' fï wkqj i,ld ne,Sfï § jdlH rpkh ksmqK;d
/ila ixj¾Okh flfrk l%shdldrluls' w¨;a w¨;a oE ksmoùug
wjeis ks¾udKd;aul .=Kdx. ixj¾Okh lr .ekSu i|yd jdlH
rpkd ,sùfï l%shdldrlu ukd mokula fjhs'
13
107106 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
my; bÈßm;a lr we;s jdlH rpkh lshjkak'
iqkaor fyda¾gka ;ekak
foia úfoia ixpdrlhka ksn|j u ;ud fj; le|jk fyda¾gka ;ekak
uqyqÿ uÜgfï isg ñg¾ 2000lg wêl Wilska msysá" wfma rfÜ Wi u
;eks;,d N+ñh hs' fï ksid YS;,;a" óÿu;a fuys fudfyd;ska fudfyd;
Wm§' fï foaY.=‚l mßirfhka yev jqKq mßir iïm;a fndfyda
oel=ïl¨ fõ' bula fldkla fkd fmfkk ;eks;,dj" .; is; mskjk
jgmsgdj" f,daldka;h" fíl¾ia we,a, fyda¾gka ;ekafka fmdfydi;a
njg idOl jeks h'
fyda¾gka ;ekafka ;=re,;d ks¾udKh ù we;af;a tys ksn|j u mj;akd
iq<Õg;a" YS;,g;a Tfrd;a;= fok wdldrhg h' tA ksid u ;=re,;dj,
we;af;a l=vd m;% hs' fï m;% >k nQjla ord isà' m;% fuka u tAjdfha l|
o >k fmd;a;lska ieriS we;' tfiau ;=re w;= m;r tlsfkl yd fj<S
we;af;a pKav udre;hg uqyqK §u i|yd h' fuys fndfyda Ydl wä
yh y;lg jvd Wia h' fiiq tAjd wä fol ;=klg jvd Wi ke;' fï
l=vd jk nQgEjg Tífnka iSudjla fkd fmkajk ÿrlg úysÿKq" fk;g
ri÷kla jeks meyenr ;K ìuls' Y%S ,xldjg u wdfõ‚l meÕsßudk
;DK m÷re yd ;=;a;sß mjq,g kElï lshk ;K m÷re fï ;K m,i
wrd jecfò'
;ekak u;ska .,d nisk l=vd Èh lä;s fyda¾gka ;ekafka ukyr oiqkls'
Èh lä;s .,d nisk bjqre fomi nyq, f,i Èia jkafka fndaúáhd
úfYaI h' wmQre ks,a meyehlska iqieÈ fï fndaúáhd u,a b;d l=vd fõ'
u, fuka u fndaúáhd m;% o W÷msh,s fld< ;rï l=vd h' Èh iSrd we;s
;ekaj,ska mek ke.=Kq l+v¨ j¾." ìf.dakshd yd flda,shdia j¾. b;d
meyenr h' kka meye .;a mqxÑ l+v¨ mqIam fk;a is;a meyer .kshs'
;ekak mqrd ÿjk mksk l=vd Èh myrj, flláh j¾." Èh mdis j¾."
fnr,sh iy ójk úfYaI rdYshla u oel .; yels h' oeä YS;, Èh
/÷K fï l=vd Èh myrlska fomd fodajkh lr .ekSug ,eîu Nd.Hhls'
fyda¾gka ;ekafka ;ekska ;ek Èia jk fld< meye WK m÷re tys
ksn|j u yud hk iq<x myßka wmQre y~la ksl=;a lrkafka ksyeçhdj
is| ì| ,Su i|yd h'
109108 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
fyda¾gka ;ekak mqrd ÿjk mksk iqks,a Èh oyr;a ksr;=re weo yef,k
j¾Idj;a ksid ;ekafka ;ekska ;ek l=vd l=vd fmdl=Kq ks¾udKh ù
;sfí; fïjd ;=< ,;djlg Tn fudn msyskd hk zÜrjqÜZ kue;s uiaiq
fmdl=K wi, u|la fk;a r|jd .ks;s' fmdl=Kq Èfhys Tjqka olajk
/Õ=ï ixpdrl wdl¾IKhg fya;= fjhs' fï l=vd fmdl=Kq jg lr isák
uy .eg fld<" gegeiai yd l=vd WK Ydl wmQre is;=jula ujd mdhs'
fyda¾gka ;ekak mqrd ;ekska ;ek u;=j tk iqÿ meye;s óÿï i¿j
fõÈldjl iqÿ meye;s lv;srhla fuka fuf;la fk;a meyer .;a ukyr
oiqka jid,hs' tfy;a ;j;a ;eklska óÿï i¿j yels<S h;a u tA foiska
fmfkk mßirh jvd;a pu;aldr ckl fõ' wE;ska Èia jk" .=jka .en
isôk l÷ ysia ks,a meye .;a úÑ;%j;a oiqkls'
;=re ysia u; oel=ïl¨ l=re,af,da ñhqre y~ k.;s' ;=reysia u;ska wmQre
isjqreyka y~la kÕkafka ,xldjg u wdfõ‚l jQ zu,a wúÉÑhkaZ ?k
hs' f.dußgd" yïnq l=re,a,d" uy kS, f.dhd" ,xld u,a l=re,a,d" ks,a
weis udrdjd" j,sl=l=<d wdÈ mlaISyq fï mßirh úis;=re lr;s' >k f,dï
;Ügqjlska w,xldr jQ jdkrfhda ;=re u; ys| nql=æ nql=æ y~ kÕ;s'
tjeks u >k f,dï ;Ügqjlska jeiS .sh f.daK rxpqj fyda¾gka ;ekafka
úis;=re ;j;a j¾Okh lr;s'
fï iqkaor fyda¾gka ;ekafka ;j;a iqúfYaI wx.hla fjhs' jk ixrlaIK
fomd¾;fïka;=fõ m%fõY ljq¿fõ isg lsf,daógr ;=klg Tífnka msysá
fu;ek ‘f,daldka;h’ kï fjhs' f,daldka;h ojfia meh úisy;frka
jeä u ld,hla óÿfuka jeiS hhs' tn÷ wjia:djl iqÿ meye;s óÿï
mg, wkka; wjldYhla mqrd me;sr we;s wdldrhla ys;g okjhs' .eUqre
w.dOhl ysi u; isg f,daldka;h kerôh hq;af;a tA foi mfriaifuka
tî ne,Sfuks' túg th krUk fndfyda fokd ;=< Ôú;fha .=ma; njla"
tA iu. u fi!kao¾hhla biau;= jkq fkd wkqudk h' fyda¾gka ;ekafka
wlalr oyia .Kkla mqrd me;sr ;sfnk iqkaor ;eks;,dj f,daldka;
iSudfjka tlajr u wjika fjhs' th wmQ¾j o¾Ykhls' b;d meyeÈ,s
ld,.=Khla we;s Èkhl § kï fuys isg krUkakl=g wE; n<xf.dv
m%foaYfha i,l=Kq b;d l=vdjg oel .; yels fõ'
iqfoda iqÿ fmK leá oi oyia .Kkdjla ujd mdñka weo yef,k
laISrOdrdjla jeks ‘fíl¾ia we,a,’ fyda¾gka ;ekafka ;j;a úÑ;%j;a
ia:dkhls' fidnd isßh ú| .ekSug ßis fndfyda rij;a;= fyda¾gka
109108 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
;ekafka msysá fíl¾ia Èh we,a, keröug o wu;l fkd lr;s' fyda¾gka
;ekak cd;sl WoHdkh j¾. lsf,daóg¾ 31'5l m%udKhlska hqla; jk
neúka tA yeu isßhla u keröug Èk lsysmhla .; l< hq;= fõ'
wmuK iqkaor;ajhla yd mdßißl úúO;ajhla leá lr .;a fyda¾gka
;ekak" foaYSh yd úfoaYSh ixpdrlhka le|jk mdrd§ihls' úúO Ydl"
i;=ka yd c, ;gdlj,ska iukaú; jgmsgdj .;g fuka u is;g o
iqjodhl h' ,xldfõ w.h j¾Okh lrk fï ìu wdrlaId lr .ekSu
wm ieuf.a hq;=luls'
by; Tn lshjQfha ‘iqkaor fyda¾gka ;ekak’ hk ud;Dldj hgf;a ,shQ
rpkhls' th lsis hï rgdjlg wkqj ,shk ,oaols' tfia zhula rgdjlg
wkqj ,shd bÈßm;a lsÍu rpkh kï fõ'Z fï wkqj lsis hï ie,iqï
l%uhlg wkqj ,súh hq;= m%nkaOh rpkh jYfhka wmg ye¢k .; yels
h' iqÿiq mo iqÿiq ;ekg fhdod jdlH .e<mSu fuys ,d wfmalaId flf¾'
jdlH fuka u lreKq o bÈßm;a l< hq;= jkafka l%uj;a ms<sfj<lg h'
jdlH rpkh lsis hï rgdjlg wkql+,j ,sùu i|yd m<uqj wdlD;shla
ms<sfh, lr .ekSu iqÿiq h' fï i|yd wmg fun÷ ir, wdlD;shla
wkq.ukh l< yels h'
1' m%fõYh fyj;a wdrïNh
2' ud;Dldkql+, úIh lreKq
3' iudf,dapkh fyj;a wjidkh hkqfjks'
lreKq ixúOdkh lr .ksñka ud;Dldkql+, rpkhla ,sùu i|yd by;
wdlD;sh wkq.ukh lsÍu Tng m%fhdackj;a jkq we;'
rpkhl iels,a,
ud;Dldkql+,j rpkhla ,súh hq;af;a Bg wod< lreKq uekúka ixúOdkh
lr .ekSfuks' ke;fyd;a lreKq fm<.iajd .ekSfuks' rpkhla ,sùfï
§ tA i|yd wmg úúO f;dr;=re yd w;aoelSï mdol lr .ekSug isÿ fjhs'
tA lreKq ish,a,la u ,shd bÈßm;a lsÍu id¾:l rpkhl ,laIKhla
fkd fõ'
111110 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
fuys uq,ska bÈßm;a lr we;s rpkh i|yd úúO biõ Tiafia úúO
f;dr;=re we;;a fuys bÈßm;a lr we;af;a jdlH rpkhla jYfhka
bÈßm;a l< hq;= w;HjYH u lreKq lsysmhla muKls' tu lreKq"
1' m%fõYh
2' úIh lreKq
3' wjidkh hk mshjr wkqj bÈßm;a lr ;sfí'
fï hgf;a jdlH rpkh ,sùu i|yd ilia lr .kakd o< igyk rpkd
iels,a, hkqfjka ye¢k .; yels h' uq,ska bÈßm;a lr ;snQ “iqkaor
fyda¾gka ;ekak” hk jdlH rpkfha iels,a, fufia h'
1' fyda¾gka ;ekak( ye¢kaùu yd msysàu
2' Ydl úúO;ajh
3' fyda¾gka ;ekafka c, uQ,dY%h yd ta wdYs%; Ydl
4' óÿu me;sr hEu
5' fyda¾gka ;ekakg wdfõ‚l mlaISka yd isjqmd i;=ka
6' f,daldka;h yd fíl¾ia Èh we,a,
7' wjidkh jYfhks'
fï wkqj jdlH rpkh i|yd iels,s ms<sfh, lr .ekSfï ksmqK;dj
ixj¾Okh lr .ekSug my; bÈßm;a lr we;s rpkd iels,s lsysmh o
wOHhkh lrkak'
j¾Idjg fmr mßirfha we;s jQ fjki
jeis fmdo jeàu wdrïN jQ wdldrh yd mßirfha we;s jQ ;;a;ajh
flfuka uyd j¾Idjla njg m;a jQ wdldrh
j¾Idj ksid mßirfha we;s jQ fjkialï
wjidkh
jeis Èkhla
111110 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
fmdÿ foam< hkq l=ulao@
fmdÿ foam< /l .ekSu ms<sn|j idlÉPd lsÍug isÿ jQfha wehs@
mdi, fmdÿ foam<ls' th /l .; hq;= wdldrh
frday, /l.; hq;= wdldrh
.ukd.ukh i,ik r:jdyk wdrlaId l< hq;= ms<sfj<
fmdÿ foam< /l .ekSu i|yd .; hq;= l%shd ud¾.
uyckhdf.a hq;=lu
wjidkh
fmdÿ foam, iqrlsuq
jeäysáhka hkq ljqreka o@
jeäysáhka /l n,d .ekSu ms<sn| idlÉPd lsÍug isÿ ùu
jeäysáhkaf.a w.h" Tjqka iudchg iïm;la jk nj
jeäysáhka /l n,d .ekSu Wfoid ksji ;=< isÿ l< hq;= ld¾hhka
rch .; hq;= l%shd ud¾.
iudf,dapkh
jeäysáhka /l n,d .ksuq
fï ms<sfj< wksjd¾h wx.hla fkd jQj;a ud;Dldkql+, rpkhl
1' wdrïNh
2' lreKq
3' wjidkh biau;= jk whqßka iels,a,la ms<sfh, lr .ekSu
id¾:l rpkhla ,sùu i|yd WmldÍ fõ' fufia ukd mßphla ,nd .;a
miq olaI rplhdg ;u isf;ka ks¾udKh lr .;a iels,a, wkqj id¾:l
whqßka rpkh ,shd bÈßm;a l< yels h' mqj;am;l iÕrdjl m< jk
,smsh tjekakls' tn÷ ,smshla folla lshjd n,d tAjdfha iels,s ms<sn|j
o lreKq idlÉPd lrkak' olaI f,aLlhd rpkhl iels,a, ms<sfh,
lr .kafka ;udf.a isf;ys h'
ks¾udKd;aulj jdlH rpkh ,sùu o jeo.;a h' tA i|yd jd¾;duh
niajyrla fjkqjg yeu wjia:djl u w,xldrj;a niajyrla fhdod
.ekSug W;aiql jkak' “isxy, wjqreoao” .ek ,sùfï § Tng fun÷ jels
,súh yels h'
113112 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
“trnÿ ;=re u,ska yev fõ' fldyd th wmQre .S;hlg k.hs' cïnq
.i r;a meye .kS' wU" fmar .iaj,g M, fkd bojd u neß h' fjk;a
;ekl bÿKq rUleka h' f.ñÿ, wuq;= fjkils' ksjfia ì;a;s kj mdg
f.k ;sfí' nvquqÜgq o w¨;a fj,d h' fld¨l=reÜfgda lsß ljä w;g
.ks;s' ÿr neyer isg ¥ orefjda nr fmdÈ /f.k .ug meñfK;s' f,dl=
iQodkuls'˜
by; ksoiqk fuka Tn o jdlH rpkh ks¾udKd;aulj ,sùug yqre jkak'
ks¾udKd;aul f,aLkfha § yels ;dla flá jels bÈßm;a lsÍu iqÿiq
h' flá jels ,sùug fm,öfuka ksjerÈ ,sÅ; NdIdjla Tng bÈßm;a
l< yels fjhs' jdlH rpkfha ksjerÈ NdIdj ms<sn| mka;s ldurfha
§ lreKq ;jÿrg;a yodrkak' tfia u jdlH rpkh fþo jYfhka o
bÈßm;a l< hq;= fjhs' fþo ;=< we;=<;a jdlH ,sùfï § ksjerÈ úrdu
,l=Kq fhÈh hq;= o fjhs' jdlH rpkh i|yd yels ;rï meyeÈ,s w;a
wl=re bÈßm;a lsÍug W;aiql jkak' tA ish,a, fuka u m%udKj;a jpk
ixLHdjla ,sùfï ksmqK;dj o <`.d lr .ekSu jeo.;a fõ'
113112 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' fï fldgi wOHhkh lrkak'
—udf.a fk;a bfí ñÿ,g Èù h' wdf,dalhla .;a ñÿ, ud tys le|ù
h' oeka udf.a fomd ñÿ, ueo h' wmQre mßirhls' i| mdhd /ia
ñys;,h u;g .,hs' isfhd;a le, .=jka .en Tn fudn ir;s' iqj|
úysÿjñka wjáka msmS tk l=iqï h' .; is; k<jk isis,a iq<Õ
.,d f.k ths'˜
by; fþohg úfYaIK mo yd w,xldr fhÿï tla lr ;j;a
ks¾udKd;aulj ,shkak'
2' fï fþoh flá jelsj,ska bÈßm;a lrkak'
.fï f.ú,shka iuQy jYfhka l=Uqre hdhg f.dia ;u ;ukaf.a
l=Uqrej,g nei lú lshñka jeã f.k tk f.dhfï j,a me<
.,jñka md¨ ;ekaj, f.dhï me< isgqùu ukyr o¾Ykhls'
3' ‘mshlre Woh’" ‘i|myka /h’" ‘l÷lr wisßh’ fuhska Tn jvd;a
leu;s ud;Dldj hgf;a flá jels fhdoñka ks¾udKd;aul fþo
lsysmhla ,shkak'
4' my; bÈßm;a lr we;s tla tla ud;Dld i|yd rpkd iels,a, ne.ska
,shkak'
¸' mqrdjia;= /l .ksuq ¸¸¸' uu .xj;=rlg ueÈ ùñ
¸¸' ish rg foa isß iem foa ̧¹' wOHdmkh id¾:l Ôú;hlg ux
i,ihs
5' my; i|yka ud;Dld w;=ßka Tn leu;s ud;Dldjla hgf;a rpkd
iels,a, ms<sfh, lr tA hgf;a jpk foiShl muK jdlH rpkhla
,shkak'
¸' foujqmshkaf.a w.h ¸¹' wfmka mdi,g bgq úh hq;= hq;=lï
¸¸' jk wisßh /l .ksuq ¹' .eñ Èúfha ñysr
¸¸¸' oyï mdi,a wOHdmkfha w.h
115114 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ksfõok
lsis hï m%jD;a;shla fyda oekqï §ula fyda wkHhkag wjfndaO
jk mßÈ m%ldYhg m;a lsÍu ksfõok kï fõ'
tjeks ksfõokhla wikakdg ksjerÈj .%yKh lr .; yels
jkqfha th ksrjq,aj yd meyeÈ,sj ni yiqrejñka m%ldY l<
fyd;a mu‚' tA i|yd l:lhd fyda ksfõolhd fyda wjOdrKh
l< hq;= ;eka wjOdrKh lrñka ksis y~ md,kfhka hq;=j tu
m%ldYh ixhufhka hq;=j bÈßm;a l< hq;= h' úúO wjia:dj,
§ flfrk ksfõok ms<sn| fï mdvfuka Tng uÕ fmkaùula
isÿ flf¾' tA tA wjia:dj wkqj ksfõok fjkia jk whqre;a
mdvfï § Tng wjfndaO lr .; yels h'
14
115114 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
^y÷ka.u uyd úoHd,fha fi,a,ï msáfhys <uhs msßila fi,a,ï lrñka
isá;s'&
wis;( wkak fudllao lshkjd wefykjd' ioao ke;sj bkakflda"
tal wy.kak'
iñ;( fudlla yß jeo.;a f;dr;=rla'
uqÈ;( f;dr;=rla fkdfjhs" ksfõokhla' u;l keoao tod àp¾ lsõjd
fï fj,djg ksfõok lshjkjd lsh,d'
iñ;( ioao ke;sj bkakflda" tal wy.kak'
“fï ui úis wg jkod mdi, wjika ùfuka miq miajre folg
ksjdi /iaùï meje;afõ' úch ksjdifha YsIH YsIHdjka m%Odk
Yd,djg o .euqKq ksjdifha YsIH YsIHdjka iudê Yd,djg
o mrdl%u ksjdifha YsIH YsIHdjka ffu;%S Yd,djg o /ia
jkak' ta ta ksjdih i|yd kdhl kdhsldjka" l%Svd kdhl
kdhsldjka f;dard .ekSu o tÈk isÿ flf¾' ish¨ fokd u
kshñ; fõ,djg meñfKkak'”
wis;( úis wg lshkafka wksoaod fka o@
iñ;( Tõ
wis; mrdl%u ksjdifha fka o@ tfykï ffu;%S Yd,djg tkak
fjkafka'
wis; ( Th /iaùu bjr fjk fldg yjia fjkjd' wmsg todg lEu;a
wrka tkak fjkjd'
uqÈ; ( b;ska ta ksfõokfha tfyu lsõfõ keye fka' oeka <uhs
okafka keye fka lEu f.akak ´ke o keoao lsh,d'
iñ; ( Tõ' tafla lshkak ;snqKd fka lEu wrka tkak lsh,d'
wis; ( Tkak ;j ksfõokhla wefykjd'
iñ; ( kE' tal ;j jrla lshkjd we;s'
wis; ( ;j jrla lsh, bjr hs' fï fjk tlla'
iñ; ( Th wfma wOHdmk .uk .ek'
wis; ( Tõæ Tõæ fyd|g wyf.k buq'
117116 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
“ish¨ u YsIH YsIHdjka fyd¢ka ijka fokak'
uykqjr meje;afjk lDIsld¾ñl m%o¾Ykh keröfï
wOHdmk pdßldj' l,ska idlÉPd lr .;a mßÈ fuu pdßldj
ud¾;= ui wg jk od msg;a ùug kshñ; h' fmrjre myg
mdi, wi,ska msg;a fõ' niaßfhka fld<Ug f.dia t;eka isg
.uka lrkafka ÿïßfhks'
iñ; ( ta ksfõofka fyd|g lsõjd' yß meyeÈ,s hs' lrkak ´kE
Tlafldu fyd|g f;areKd" yß u meyeÈ,s hs'
² ² ² ² ²
^fldgqj ÿïßhm< N+ñfhys <uhs f>daId lrñka tfy fufy weúÈ;s'&
uqÈ; ( Tkak iñ;" wyx bkak" ÿïßhmf<a ksfõokhla lshkjd'
“lreKdlr ijka fokak” “;=kajk fõÈldjg oeka meñ‚ hd,afoaú Ys>%.dó ÿïßh
fmrjre kjh hs myf<djg hdmkh n,d msg;a fõ' th
kj;ajkafka rd.u" fmd,a.yfj," uyj" wkqrdOmqr" jjqkshdj
hk ÿïßh ia:dkj, mu‚' jjqkshdj isg hdmkh olajd ish¨
u ÿïßh ia:dkj, tu hd,a foaú ÿïßh kj;ajkjd we;'”
uqÈ; ( wkak ta ksfõokh fouf<ka lshkjd'
wis; ( tal fyd|hs' ke;akï fou< whg f;afrkafka keye fka'
uqÈ; ( wkak wefykj o wis; ta ksfõokh bx.%Sisfhkq;a lshkjd'
iñ; ( Tkak wms hk ÿïßh .ek;a lshkjd'
WoEik myg fmr ish¨ fokd u mdi,g meñfKkak' msßñ
<uhska wxl tl nia r:hg o .eyekq <uhska wxl fol nia
r:hg o f.dv úh hq;= h' WoEik yd oj,a wdydr /f.k
wd hq;= h' nia ßfha §" ÿïßfha § fuka u m%o¾Yk N+ñfha §
ikaiqkaj" úkS;j yeisfrkak' wdmiq mdi,g meñfKk úg
rd;%s kjh muK fõ' Tn le|jd f.k hEu i|yd ta fõ,djg
mdi,g meñfKk f,i foudmshkag lshkak' pdßldj i|yd
uqo,a ,nd §ug fkd yels jQ isiqka fjf;d;a fyg Wfoa oyhg
fmr uqKisxy .=re;=udg uqo,a Ndr fokak'”
117116 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
“lreKdlr ijka fokak'
fojk fõÈldjg oeka meñ‚ k.rdka;r YS>%.dó ÿïßh
fmrjre kjh hs ;syg uykqjr n,d msg;a fjhs' tu ÿïßh
kj;ajkafka fmardfo‚h ÿïßh ia:dkfha mu‚'”
wis; ( n,kak iñ; ta ÿïßh .ek lshk ksfõokh fjk tajdg
jeäh fjkia fka o@
uqÈ; ( wkakæ wkakæ i¾ tkjd wms;a hx fldaÉÑh <`.g'
iñ; ( fudlla o wis; fï fldaÉÑh k.rdka;r tlla lsh,d lsõfõ'
wis; ( m%Odk k.r w;fr ú;r hs hkafka u. kj;ajkafka keye'
tal hs k.rdka;r lshkafka'
uqÈ; ( t;fldg u. nysk whg fïfl hkak neye'
wis; ( neye fmardfo‚fh hs uykqjr hs ú;r u hs kj;ajkafka'
^ÿïßh kj;ajk Yíoh wefia&
<uhs ( fmardfo‚h biafÜifï keje;a;=jd'
.=rejrfhla( <uhs ljqre;a fu;k nyskak tmd'
^Yío k.d& fï fmardfo‚h biafÜiu' wms
nyskafka B<`.g kj;ajk ;ek"
uykqjr'
;j;a .=rejrfhla ( fyd¢ka wy.kak - fldaÉÑh keje;a;=jd
u Tlafldu tl mdrg u lvd f.k
nyskafka keye' tla tla flkd ysñysg
nyskak' neye,d fõÈldjg fj,d
fokakd fokakd fma<shg bkak'
uqÈ; ( i¾,;a ta lsõfõ ksfõokhla ;uhs' oeka wmsg fudlla o
lrkak ´kE lsh, f;areKd fka'
² ² ² ² ²
<uhs ( ^l,n,fhka fuka&
wkakæ wkakæ m%o¾Yfka wr ioafoa wefykafka-nysuq" nysuq'
iñ; ( tfyu tl mdrg u nyskak neye fka' i¾" lsõfj;a tl
tlaflkd nyskak lsh, fka'
wis; ( Th m%o¾Yk N+ñfh;a ksfõok lshjkjd wefykafka'
iñ; ( fik. f.dvla bkak yskao fu;k kï ks;r u ksfõok
lshkak fjkjd we;s'
119118 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
uqÈ; ( wkakæ ljqo <ufhla ke;s fj,d¨'
“lreKdlr ijka fokak” “lE.,af,a isg meñ‚ rejks ;u foudmshka tk;=re msúiqï
fodrgqj wi, /£ isà' lreKdlr foudmshka meñK tu
orejd Ndr .kakd f,i b,a,d isáuq' ia;=;s hs" fuhg
ixúOdhl lñgqj”
iñ; ( fï jf.a fik. msß, bkak ;ekaj,g wdjd u wmsg;a Tfydu
fjhs o okakE'
wis; ( tfyu u`. yerefKd;a lrkak ;sfhkafka ta ld¾hd,hg
.syska lshk tl' t;fldg ta f.d,af,d fï jdf. ksfõokhla
od,d fydh,d fokjd we;s'
uqÈ; ( Tõ b;ska foudmsfhd ysáfhd;a ksfõokh wyf.k b|,d
tkjd we;s'
iñ; ( tal fkfjhs iñ; n,kakfld ta ksfõokh wka;sug ia;=;s hs
lsh,;a lshkjd'
uqÈ; ( huq o biairyg fu;k fik. msß, fka'
wis; ( kE" kE" hkak tmd wms i¾,d tklx buq' fldhs me;a;g hkj
o okafka keye fka'
“lreKdlr ijka fokak” “fï ksfõokh m%o¾Ykh krUk ish¨ fokdg hs' yeu
fokd u m%fõY m;% /f.k m%o¾Yk N+ñhg we;=¿ jkak'
fhdod we;s B;,h wkqj .uka lrkak' lreKdlr m%o¾Yk
l=áj, we;s me< j¾. yd m%o¾Yk NdKav w; .Efuka
j<lskak' me< j¾. ñ, § .kafka kï lreKdlr ßisÜ
m;la ,nd .kak' ia;=;s hs'”
<uhs ( wms;a ta lshmq úÈhg B;,h wkqj huq' ke;akï u. yefrhs'
wkakæ i¾,;a tkjd'
iñ; ( m%o¾Yfka fyd|g n,kak mq¿jka jqfKa ksfõokj,ska Wmfoia
ÿkakdg miafia'
wis; ( wms;a ta jf.a ksfõok lshjkak W;aidy lruq'
iñ; ( Tõ" wis; wfma mka;sfha flfrk ksfõok wmsg lrkak
mq¿jka fka'
wis;" uqÈ; ( Tõæ Tõæ W;aidy lruq'
119118 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
wjfndaOh
1' mdvfï i|yka m<uqjk ksfõokfhka lshefjkafka l=ula .ek o@
2' m<uq ksfõokfha isiqka ÿgq wvqmdvq fudkjd o@
3' mdvfï tk pdßldfõ wruqK l=ula o@
4' ksfõokh wkqj pdßldj msg;a jk fõ,dj yd wdmiq meñfKk
fõ,dj lSh o@
5' pdßldj hEug isiqka /f.k wd hq;af;a fudkjd o@
6' mdvfï ÿïßh folla .ek i|yka fõ' tajd fudkjd o@
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' mdif,a § Tng wikakg ,enqKq ksfõokhla ,shkak'
2' Tng .fï § wikakg ,enqKq ksfõokhla ,shkak'
3' l%Svd ;r.hl § wikakg ,enqKq ksfõokhl fldgila ,shkak'
ud;Dldkql+, l;d
ksfõok lshùfuka ,nd .;a l:k l=i,;dj o mokï lr f.k"
lsis hï ud;Dldjla hgf;a l;d lsÍug o mq¿jk' tfia lrkq ,nk
ud;Dldkql+, l;djla uq," ueo" w. uekúka ixúOdkh ù ;sìh hq;= h'
tjeks l;djl m%Odk ,laIK lsysmhls'
² w¾:j;a nj ² meyeÈ,s nj
² y~ md,kh ² wjOdrKh
² m%ikak nj wdÈh hs'
ud;Dldkql+, l;djla" .%dyl wjOdkh ukdj ,nd .ksñka" WÑ; wx.
p,k Ndú; lrñka bÈßm;a l< hq;=h'
PB120 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' fï jeks ksfõok;a Tng wikakg ,eî weoaoehs n,kak'
lshjkak'
tk isl=rdod fldl= mKq fodia;r
tkj¨ <uhsks vqx vqx vqx vqx
fydr f,v wrf.k kEú;a bkakg
fyd| keye <uhsks vqx vqx vqx vqx
fnda;, Ndck wrx jfr,a,d
weyqK o <uhsks vqx vqx vqx vqx
fldl= mKq fíf;ka mdxvq msmamqu
ikSm fjkj¨ vqx vqx vqx vqx
fí;a wrx ìjq <uhska ldg;a
ksjdvq fokj¨ vqx vqx vqx vqx
todg kEú;a ysáfhd;a <uhsks
o`vqjï fokj¨ vqx vqx vqx vqx
tia' uyskao ysñ - <ud .S iy lú
2' by; ,sÅ; wNHdij, § ,shQ ksfõok mka;sfha isiqka lKavdhï
follg fn§ lshjkak'
3' ksfõok lshùfï § isiqkaf.ka isÿ jk ÿn,;d iy m%n,;d idlÉPd
lrkak'
4' mka;s ldurfha § ksfõok ilia lr lshjkak'
5' my; i|yka ud;Dldj,ska tlla f;dard f.k mka;sh bÈßfha
l;djla lrkak' tA i|yd ksYaÑ; ld,hla ;SrKh lr .kak'
² fmd;am;a lshùfï jeo.;alu
² ud leu;s u cd;sl ùrhd
² mßirh /l .; hq;= h
fuh l,lg by; § .%dóh
m%foaYj, fi!LH jevigyka
i|yd isÿ flreKq ksfõok
isysm;a lrk ks¾udKhls'
121PB fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
f,djg ;¾ckhla jk úoHq;a wmøjH
wms Ôú;fha úúO wruqKq i|yd úúO wjia:dj, § f,aLk ld¾hhkays
ksr; fjuq' tu f,aLk úúO wdldrj,ska hqla; fõ' úúO f;aud Tiafia
ì;a;s mqj;am;lg" <ud mqj;am;lg fyda iÕrdjlg ,smshla ,súh
yels h'
fuu mdvug we;=<;a jkafka bf,lafg%daksl wmøjH ms<sn|j ilia
lrk ,o ,smshls' th fyd¢ka lshjd mdvfï we;s Wmfoia o wOHhkh
lsÍu" ì;a;s mqj;am;lg fyda iÕrdjlg fyda ,smshla ilia lsÍu
i|yd fyd| m%fõYhls' tfuka u mqj;am;a ,sms yd iÕrd ,sms ms<sn|
ye¢kaùï o mdvug we;=<;a fõ'
mdvfï we;=<;a ,smshg mdol ù we;af;a ld,Sk mßir .eg¨jls' tn÷
lreKq ms<sn| ukd wjOdkfhka lghq;= lsÍu o w;HjYH fõ' wfma
oekqu ÈhqKq lr .ekSug fuka u tÈfkod Ôú;h id¾:l lr .ekSug
o th jeo.;a fõ'
2012- fkdjeïn¾ 19 ñysr mqj;amf;a m< jQ ,smshla wdY%fhka fï mdvu
ilia lr we;'
15
123122 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
f,djg ;¾ckhla jk úoHq;a wmøjH
fï jk úg f,dj mqrd isák ckhdf.ka jeä msßila ;u ld¾hhka
myiq lr .ekSu i|yd bf,lafg%daksl Wmdx. Ndú; lr;s' tfy;a fuu
bf,lafg%daksl NdKavj,ska we;eï tAjd mdúÉÑ lsÍfuka miq kej;
m%fhdackhg .; fkd yels tAjd h' tjeks bf,lafg%daksl yd úoHq;a
Wmdx. bf,lafg%daksl wmøjH f,i ie,fla' lsis od Èrd m;a fkd
jk fujeks wmøjH oeka oeka mßirfha meje;aug uy;a ;¾ckhla
ù ;sfí' jirlg neyer flfrk >k wmøjH fuka ;=ka .=Khl
m%udKhla fuf,i bf,lafg%daksl wmøjH mßirhg tl;= fõ' oekg
.Kka n,d we;s wdldrhg jirlg fgdka ñ,shk 40lg jvd wêl
bf,lafg%daksl wmøjH mßirhg uqod yef¾'
wys;lr n,mEï
fïjd wfkl=;a wmøjHj,g jvd
fnfyúka wys;lr f,i mßirhg
n,mdhs' WodyrKhla f,i .a?ï
foll muK uhslafrda Ñmhla
Ndú;fhka miq bj; oeuqj fyd;a
tys we;s uQ,øjH wjg mßirh iu.
ixfhdackh ù lsf,da.a?ï 26l
muK wys;lr uQ,øjH m%udKhla
ìys ùug bv ;sfí' fï f,ig
wm úiska tÈfkod mßirhg uqod
yßkq ,nk bf,lafg%daksl wmøjH
m%udKh foi n,k úg bka úh
yels ydksh is;d .ekSug wiSre
h' fuf,i bj; ,k uQ,øjH"
yß;d.dr jdhq we;s lsÍug iu;a
jk w;r tu.ska f.da,Sh WKqiqu
jeä flfrhs'
ksrka;rfhka mßirhg tl;=
jk wmøjH
³ ixhqla; ;eá
³ m%;s§ma; myka
³ rEmjdyskS hka;%
³ .Kl hka;%
³ f¾äfhda
³ Ürdkaiaf*dau¾ia
³ úoHq;a h;=re mqjre
³ leurd
³ mß.Kl
³ ffjoH WmlrK
³ cx.u ¥rl:k
³ úh<s fldaI
³ iqixys; m%;s§ma; myka ^CFL&
³ ixhqla; ;eá l%shd lrjk hka;%
³ nyqudOH m%lafIaml
123122 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
f,djg ;¾ckhla jk
úoHq;a wmøjH
fï jk úg f,dj mqrd isák ckhdf.ka jeä msßila ;u ld¾hhka
myiq lr .ekSu i|yd bf,lafg%daksl Wmdx. Ndú; lr;s' tfy;a fuu
bf,lafg%daksl NdKavj,ska we;eï tAjd mdúÉÑ lsÍfuka miq kej;
m%fhdackhg .; fkd yels tAjd h' tjeks bf,lafg%daksl yd úoHq;a
Wmdx. bf,lafg%daksl wmøjH f,ig ie,fla' lsis od Èrd m;a fkd jk
fujeks wmøjH oeka oeka mßirfha meje;aug uy;a ;¾ckhla ù ;sfí'
jirlg neyer flfrk >k wmøjH fuka ;=ka .=Khl m%udKhla
fuf,i bf,lafg%daksl wmøjH mßirhg tl;= fõ' oekg .Kka n,d
we;s wdldrhg jirlg fgdka ñ,shk 40lg jvd wêl bf,lafg%daksl
wmøjH mßirhg uqod yef¾'
wre;a meyeÈ,s lsÍu
yß;d.dr jdhq mßir WIaK;ajh by< hEug n,mdk jdhq¦
ldnkavfhdlaihsâ" óf;aka wdÈ jdhq
Wmdx. fldgia
ixj¾ê; rgj,a úiska ksmojk
mß.Kl m%udKfhka 50]l muK
m%udKhla iïmQ¾K jYfhka
fyda w¾O jYfhka fyda Ndú;
lsÍug kqiqÿiq neúka" tAjd neyer
flfrhs' tfy;a Tjqka ixj¾Okh
fjñka mj;sk rgj,g fkd
ñ,fha fyda iq¿ uqo,lg tu
WmlrK ,nd fok w;r" tu.ska
ixj¾Okh fjñka mj;sk rgj,a
bf,lafg%daksl wmøjH /ia
lrkakka njg m;a fjhs'
ñksia Èúhg jk ydks
mßyrKh lsÍfuka miqj
wdhqld,h wjika jQ
bf,lafg%daksl Wmdx." li<
f,i újD; mßirhg uqod yeÍu
fya;=fjka" tAjd hï wdldrhlska
ms,siaiSug ,la jqjfyd;a tAjdfha
wka;¾.; uQ,øjH yd ridhksl
ixfhda. mßirh iu. uqiq fõ'
wk;=rej fuu ixfhda. c,hg
yd mig uqiq ù wdydrodu yryd
.uka fldg ñksidg whym;a
m%;sM, f.k Èh yels h' fï ksid
wkd.;fha § ñksiqkag je<f|k
frda.dndO w;r"
³ iakdhq moaO;sfha wl%ñl;d
³ tkaihsu l%shdldß;ajhg jk
n,mEï
³ ms<sld frda.
³ m%ckk moaO;sj, wl%ñl;d
³ wdydr Ô¾Kh flfrys n,mEï
³ m%;sYla;slrK wl%ñl;d
m%Odk fõ'
bf,lafg%daksl wmøjH wju lsÍug
.; hq;= ls%hd ud¾.
³bf,lafg%daksl yd úoHq;a
WmlrK wjYH u kï muKla
ñ, § .ekSu
³w¨;ajeähd lr kej; Ndú;h
³ kej; Ndú;hg .; fkd yels
WmlrK m%;spl%SlrKhg fhduq
lsÍu
³ WmlrK mßiaiñka mßyrKh
lsÍu
³ fuu øjH wkdrlaIs; whqßka
mßirhg uqod fkd yeÍu
j¾;udkfha wm wjg mßirhg
ydks muqKqjk m%Odk ldrlhla
jk bf,lafg%daksl wmøjH neyer
lsÍu ksjerÈj l<ukdlrKh
lsÍu jeo.;a h' th wkd.;
mrmqf¾ muKla fkd j wfma o
iqrlaIs;;djg fya;= jkq we;'
125124 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
wdydr odu yß; Ydlhlska fyda Ydl fldgilska wdrïN
ù wkql%ufhka i;=ka Tiafia wdydr iïnkaO;d
ksrEmKh lrk f¾Çh igyk
tkaihsu hï lsis ls%hdjl fõ.h wvq jeä lsÍug Wmldß
jk ridhksl øjH
m%;sYla;slrK hïlsis frda.hlska je<lS isàug ;sfnk Yla;sh
m%;splS%lrKh hïlsis øjHhla kej; kej; Ndú;hg .ekSu
Tn lshejQfha <ud mqj;am;lska Wmqgd .;a ,smshls' tu ,smsh ilia lr
we;s wdldrh ms<sn|j my; olajd we;s lreKq Tiafia wjOdkh fhduq
lrkak'
² ,smsfha wruqK( ld,Sk jeo.;alula we;s lreKla ms<sn|j Tn oekqj;a
lsÍu ms‚i hs'
² ,smsfha wruqK meyeÈ,s jk fia iqÿiq ud;Dldjla fh§u
² uq,ska u ud;Dldj ms<sn| ye¢kaùu
² w;=re ud;Dld hgf;a lreKq f.dkq lsÍu
² wjidkfha l;=jrhdf.a fhdackd bÈßm;a lsÍu
² .e<fmk nia jyrla Ndú;h
fï wkaoug úúO ud;Dld hgf;a mqj;am;a i|yd ,sms ,sùug Tng o
mq¿jk'
mqj;am;a ,sms
wmg tÈfkod Ôú;fha úúO f;dr;=re fuka u oekqu yd úfkdaodiajdoh
imhk udOH w;r mqj;am;a jeo.;a fõ' úúO uÜgïj, mdGlhka b,lal
lr .ksñka mqj;am;a m< flfrhs' <ud" ;reK" idudkH fmdÿ mdGlhka
wdÈ jYfhks' mqj;am;a i|yd ,sms ,sùfï § my; i|yka lreKq ms<sn|j
ie,ls,su;a ùu iqÿiq h'
² ,smsh l=uk mdGl msßila i|yd o hk j.
² tu mdGl msßig wod< jQjla o hk j.
² mdGl msßig .e<fmk iqÿiq nia jyrla fhdod .; hq;= nj
² mdGlhdf.a is;a weo .kakdiq¨ nj
² ks¾udKd;aul nj
² ud;Dldjg wod< nj
125124 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ì;a;s mqj;am;a ,sms
ì;a;s mqj;am; o f;dr;=re ikaksfõokh i|yd fhdod .; yels udOHhls'
mdi,aj, fuka u fjk;a wdh;kj, o ì;a;s mqj;am;a mj;ajd f.k
hkq oelsh yels h' mdi,l my; oelafjk wkaofï ì;a;s mqj;am;a
olakg ,efí'
² mdi,a ì;a;s mqj;am;a
² mdif,a úúO ix.ïj, ì;a;s mqj;am;a
² mka;s ì;a;s mqj;am;a
ì;a;s mqj;am;l YsIHhkag wod<j oekqu ,nd fok ,sms yd ri
úkaokd;aul ks¾udK we;=<;a l< yels h'
² .oH ,sms
² lú mka;s
² flál;d
² úúO f;dr;=re
² Ñ;%
² mdi,a m%jD;a;s - wdÈ jYfhks'
Tfí mka;sfha ish¨ fokd tlaj .=re Wmfoia wkqj ì;a;s mqj;am;la
ks¾udKh lrkak' ì;a;s mqj;am; Tfí f,aLk yd ks¾udKd;aul yelshd
ÈhqKq lr .ekSug bjy,a jkq we;'
ì;a;s mqj;am;la ilia lsÍfï § my; i|yka lreKq ie,ls,a,g .kak'
² ì;a;s mqj;am; Èkm;d m;%hl uq,a msgqfõ wdlD;sh wkqj
ilia lsÍu iqÿiq h'
² by<ska u ì;a;s mqj;amf;a ku yd m< lrkafka ljqre o" Èkh
wdÈ f;dr;=re
² Bg my<ska m%Odk isria;,hla iys; jd¾;djla
² PdhdrEmhla fyda is;=jula fyda iu. tA ms<sn| úia;rhla
² ixialdrl igykla
² úúO ud;Dld hgf;a ,shejqKq ,sms" ks¾udK wdÈh my<g ;Sre
jYfhka fjka lr ,sùu' A4 m%udKfha lvodishla È.= w;g
folg kud fjka fldg ;Sre jYfhka ilia lr .; yels h'
127126 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
³ ì;a;s mqj;am; úúO l,dm jYfhka o m< l< yels h'
² w¨;a wjqreÿ l,dmh
² fjila l,dmh
² k;a;,a l,dmh
tfukau ² ixialD;sl Wreu
² cd;sl ùrfhda
² wfma mçjre
wdÈ úúO f;aud Tiafiao l,dm jYfhka ilia l< yels h'
iÕrd
³ iÕrd o YsIHhkaf.a oekqu" ridiajdoh yd ks¾udK l=i,;d wdÈh
ÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd mj;ajd f.k hd yels udOHhls'
³ mka;s jYfhka" úIh jYfhka" ix.ï jYfhka fyda úoHd,hSh
uÜgfuka iÕrd m< l< yels h'
³ iÕrd i;s m;d fyda udia m;d fyda ff;%udisl jYfhka fyda ld,
iSud wkqj m< l< yels h'
³ ì;a;s mqj;am;lg fuka u iÕrdjlg o úúO ks¾udK" úÑ;%dx.
bÈßm;a l< yels h'
Tn ,shk ljr f,aLkhla jqj o ksjerÈ NdId jHjydrh wkqj ,sùug
mqreÿ jkak' f,aLkfha § mo fnod ,sùu w;HjYH ldrKhls'
³ jpkhl w.g fhfok m%;Hh* tla fldg ,súh hq;= h' my; oelafjk
fþoh lshjkak'
“lgq m÷rej,ska .yk jQ jkfhys weú§u wmyiq h' fuys § jk
i;=kaf.a l=r .eàfuka ieÿKq wä mdrj,a Èf.a .uka lsÍu myiq h'
tA hk w;r;=r yuq jk ú,aj, ,e. isák l=¿ óuqkaf.ka wk;=re
<Õd úh yels h'”
* jpkhl w.g tla ù w¾: fjkia lsÍug fya;= jk NdId fldgi m%;Hh kñka ye¢kafõ'
mo fn§u
127126 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
fuu fþofhys we;=<;a my; oelafjk jpkj,g m%;Hh tla ù we;s whqre
n,kak'
m÷rej,ska - j,ska jkfhys - ys
i;=kaf.a - f.a wä mdrj,a - j,a
ú,aj, - j, l=¿ óuqkaf.ka - f.ka
³ Wmi¾.* jpkhl uq,g tla fldg ,súh hq;= h' my; oelafjk fþoh
lshjkak'
“ujq ìfï Wmka udf.a orejks! mrisß;g .e;s fkd jõ' wj.=Khg
fodr jiõ' ÿisß;a ÿre lrõ' iqisß;a jvõ' cd;sfha wNsudkh iqrlsõ'
ksjy,a foaYhla f.dv k.õ' ÈhqKqfõ u. wkq.ukh lrõ'”fuys uq,g Wmi¾. fh§ we;s jpk y÷kd .kak'
mr - mrisß;g wj - wj.=Khg
ÿ - ÿisß;a iq - iqisß;a
iq - iqrlsõ wNs - wNsudkh
ks - ksjy,a wkq - wkq.ukh
wjfndaOh
1' bf,lafg%daksl wmøjH mßirhg ydks odhl jkafka wehs@
2' f.da,Sh WKqiqu j¾Okh lsÍug bf,lafg%daksl wmøjH n,mdkafka
flfia o@
3' Tfí ksjfia Ndú; lr bj; ouk bf,lafg%daksl wmøjH folla
kï lrkak'
4' bf,lafg%daksl wmøjHj,ska mßirhg úh yels ydks wju l<
yelafla l=uk ls%hd ud¾. Ndú;fhka o@
5' ixj¾Okh fjñka mj;sk rgj,a bf,lafg%daksl wmøjH /ia
lrkakka njg m;a jkafka flfia o@
* Wmi¾. hkq jpkhl uq,g tl;= ù w¾:h flfrys n,mdk NdId tallhls'
PB128 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' my; i|yka fþoj, jerÈ f,i mo fnod we;s jpk ksjerÈ fldg
kej; ,shkak'
i. “jkaokd iufhys mQcd k.rh ne;su;=ka f.ka msÍ hhs' úúO
m<d;a j,ska meñfKk ckhd úY%du Yd,d j, ,e.=ï .ks;s'
Tjqka f.ka jeä fofkla c,dYhka ys nei iakdkh lsÍug
leu;s fj;s' thska isÿ úh yels wk;=re j,ska fírd .ekSug o
lghq;= fhdod we;' wk;=re isÿ úh yels ;eka j,ska iakdkh
lsÍfuka j<lsk f,i oekqï fok oekaùï mqjre tu ia:dk j,
iú fldg we;'”
ii. tia' uyskao ysñhka úiska rpkd lrk ,o cd;sl wkq rd.h
okjk lú lshùfuka cd;sl wNs udkh ms<sn| wkq fõokSh
yeÕSï msìfohs' t;=ud wkq Ydikd lrkafka mr .e;s Ñka;kfhka
ñfok f,i hs' wê rdcHjd§kaf.ka rg uqod .ekSu i|yd
ck;dj fm< .eiaùu t;=udf.a wruqK úh' w;s ruŒh mo
ud,djkaf.ka iq ieÈ lúh tA i|yd wúh lr .;af;a h' w¾:
rifhka yd Yío rifhka msß mqka iq ñysß moH rpkd /ila
t;=ud w;ska ks¾udKh ù we;'
1' mka;sfha ish¨ fokdf.a u ks¾udK we;=<;a jk mßÈ ì;a;s mqj;a
m;la ks¾udKh lrkak' lKavdhï l%shdldrlula f,i o l< yels h'
2' .=re Wmfoia wkqj mka;sfha ish¨ fokdf.a u ks¾udK we;=<;a
- fldg mka;s iÕrdjla ks¾udKh lrkak'
3' ì;a;s mqj;am;l" iÕrdjl fyda <ud mqj;am;l fyda m< lsÍug
iqÿiq ,smshla ,shkak'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
129PB fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ils i| fmfka - iufkd< ., kef.kysr
iufkd< lkao Èjhsfka l÷ moaO;sfhys úfYaI jeo.;aula Wiq,k l÷
jeáhls' iajdNdúl mdßißl idOl jk Ydl yd i;a;aj jHdma;sfha
úfYaI;d ta w;ßka m%uqL fõ' fï m¾j;h w;S;fha mgka ,xldfõ
úiQ ckhdf.a weoys,s úYajdi yd iïnkaO ia:dkhla fia ie,fla'
fn!oaOhkaf.a úYajdih jkafka nqÿka jykafia fï m¾j; uqÿkg
jevu l< nj yd ;u md i,l=K fuys igyka l< nj hs' yska¥kaf.a
úYajdih fï m¾j;fhys Ysj foúhkaf.a md igyk msysgd we;s nj hs'
hqfoõ" ls%ia;shdks yd bia,dï wd.ñl iïm%odhkays wdÈ mqreIhd fia
ie,flk wdoï jdih l< mdrd§ih fï m¾j;h nj tu wd.ï woyk
wh w;r m%p,s; woyils' fï fya;=fjka fn!oaO" yskaÿ" ls%ia;shdks"
hqfoõ yd bia,dï hk m%Odk wd.ï ish,af,a u ne;su;a;= fuh Y=oaO
m¾j;hla fia i,l;s' tfyhska iufkd< lkao f,dal jdiS ckhd
taldnoaO lrk iaudrlhla fia ie,lsh yels h'
16
131130 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
iqr ro iuka iuÕska iqrÕk tjr
meyeko uodrd mri;= u,a m;r
lermqo j¢k /¢ uqks isßmd ;Ur
ilsi| fmfka iufkd< ., kef.kysr
f;dg.uqfõ Y%S rdyq, ysñhka úiska rÑ; ie,<sys‚ ixfoaYfha ‘Y%S mdoh’ j¾Kkd lrkafka tf,isks' fuhska yefÕkafka Y%S mdoia:dkh;a iquk
iuka foúhkq;a w;r mj;sk iïnkaOh hs' nqÿ rcdKka jykafia f;jk
jr ,xldjg jevu l< wjia:dfõ § iuka foú÷ ish jdiia:dkh jQ
iuka; l+ghg jäk f,i Wka jykafiag wdhdpkh lf<a h' tA wkqj
iuka; l+ghg jevu l< nqÿka jykafia ;u md i,l=K tu l÷ uqÿfkys
msysgqjd" mfil msysá Èjd .=ydjg jev tys Èjd úyrKh l< fial' fï
nj m;src msrejkam;s fõfoay ysñ iuka; l+g j¾Kkdj kï .%ka:fhys
i|yka lr we;' uÕ=,a ,l=Kq tl ish wgla YS% mdo ,dxPkfhys msysgd
we;s nj o lshefõ' uqyqÿ uÜgfï isg wä y;aoyia ;=kaish yegl ^7360&
Wilska msysá iuka;l+g m¾j;h inr.uqfõ msysá m%d.a ft;sydisl
jeo.;alulska hqla; jQ b;d u iqkaor ia:dkhls'
iufkd< lkao uqÿfka we;s md igyk wdoïf.a nj uqia,sïjre úYajdi
lr;s' wdoï l< mõj,g úmdl §ï jYfhka mdrd§ifha i;ajk foõ
f,dúka fmdf<djg oud .eiSfuka miq fï l÷ uqÿfkys Ôj;a jQ nj;a
Tyq isá ;ek ., tî md igyk we;s jQ nj;a Tjqyq úYajdi lr;s' uyd
wef,laiekav¾ rcq l%s' mQ' 323 § uy .sß ofò .,a mä lmamjd hlv
oïje,a iú lr isßmd u¿jg kexf.a tys we;af;a wdoïf.a md igyk h
hk yeÕSu u; nj wIardma keu;s m¾ishdkq lúhd mjihs'
Ysj foúhka kegqula fjkqfjka iqr f,dúka kr f,djg meñ‚
wjia:dfõ fï l÷ uqÿfkys ish md igyk ;nd .sh ksid iufkd<
l÷ uqÿk mQckSh;ajhg m;a jQ nj Ysj Nla;slfhda úYajdi lr;s' Tjqka
‘Ysjfkd<s mdoï’ hkqfjka y÷kajkafka Y%S mdoia:dkh hs'
l%sia;= Nla;slhd mjikafka ls%ia;shdks wd.ñl kdhlhdf.a mdo iam¾Yh
ksid iufkd< lkao mQckSh jQ njls' flfia jqj o uydjxifha 32
mßÉfþofha i|yka jkafka iufkd< lkao nqÿka jykafiag fia u iquk
iuka foúhkag o ms¥jla nj hs' úúO wd.ï woyk ish¨ fokd u isßmd
lreKd lrkafka yo msß Nla;sfhks' ñksiqka muKla fkd j jirla
131130 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
mdid isßmd jdrfha § msmS .;a u,aj,ska frdka .ekSug ,laI .Kkska
iuk¨ka isßmd m%foaYh mshdUk wdldrh b;d iqkaor oiqkls' ks,amdáka"
lymdáka" iqÿ mdáka j¾Kj;a jQ iuk,a ?ka ?ka isßmd l÷ uqÿk foig
mshUd hkafka isßmd fmfofia fidnd fid÷re nfõ uysuh f,djg u
lshd mdñks' wd;¾ iS' la,dla ,shQ The Fountains of Paradise ³ kue;s
fmdf;a" Y%S mdoh ms<sn| lshfjk fldgfia § iuk¨kaf.a isßmd .uk
.ek o i|yka lr we;'
isßmd j¢kakg hk ne;su;ayq ud¾. folla Tiafia .uka lr;s' r;akmqr
isg m,dnoao, <sys‚fy<" iS; .Õ=," f.;a;ïmdk" yerñámdk" wdçhd
u< ;ekak" weye< lKqj miq lr f.k uy .sß oUh Tiafia isßmd u¿jg
fiakaÿ úh yels h' yegka isg k,a,;kaksh" ulr f;drK" iS; .Õ=, miq
lr f.;a;ïmdk Tiafia o u¿jg fiakaÿ úh yels h' l=reúáka werfUk
ud¾.h tr;ak" f;aj;a;" iS; .Õ=, miq lr l%ufhka f.dia r;akmqr
ud¾.h yd tla fjhs' rc udj; f,i ie,flkafka r;akmqr m,dnoao,
ud¾.h hs' fï ud¾. Tiafia isßmd igykg mQfcdamydr lrkakg
j<.ïnd" isjqjk ñys÷" Y%S ix>fndaê" úchndyq" uyd mrdl%undyq" lS¾;s
YS% ksYaYxlu,a," l,sld, idys;H i¾j{ mKaä; mrdl%undyq" fndai;a
úchndyq" yhjk mrdl%undyq" fojk úu,O¾uiQßh" Y%S úch rdcisxy
hk rcjreka iufkd< .sr.g keÕ=Kq nj .%ka:drEV ù we;' fuhska
meyeÈ,s jkafka wkqrdOmqr hq.fha isg fï olajd u rdcH kdhlhka
isßmd jkaokdfõ fh§ we;s nj hs'
t<dr rcqf.a §>cka;= kï fhdaOhd" iquk l+gfha msysá wdldY fÉ;shg"
r;= fiao froaola mQcd l< nj ufkdar:mQrŒ keu;s md,s .%ka:fha
i|yka ù we;' yskaÿjre fï olajd u YS% mdo ,dxPkhg r;= frÈ ms§u isÿ
lr;s' ÿgq.euqKq rc;=ud urK uxplfha isg ;ud l< mskalï fufkys
lroa§" iqukl+g jdiS u,shfoaj kï jQ ysñ kulg odkh mQcd l< nj;a
tu odkh ry;ka jykafia,d kjishhla je<ª nj;a i|yka lr we;'
W÷jma mif<diajl fmda od werfUk isßmd jdrh fjila mif<diajl
fmda od wjika fjhs' fjila fmda odg miq Èk isg W÷jma fmda odg fmr
Èk olajd isßmd wjdrh hs'
³fuh mdrd§ifha W,am;a kñka tia' tï' nkaÿiS, úiska isxy,hg mßj¾;kh lrk ,È'
133132 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
udi yhla ;siafia ne;su;=kaf.a mQfcdamydr ,nñka jev fjfik
foajdrEV lr i÷ka yrhlska ksu lrk ,o iquk iuka foú rej isßmd
wjdrfha jev fjfikafka .,afmd;a;dj, rc uyd úydrfha h' isßmd
jdrh wdrïN jkafka iquk iuka foú rej m,dnoao, yryd jeà we;s
rc udj; Tiafia uy fmryßka u¿jg jevuùfuks' isßmd jdrfha § fï
foúrej isßmd u¿fõ ‘uy iquk’ foajd,fha ;ekam;a lr ;nkq ,efí'
iuka foúhka Wfoid mQcd lr we;s rkaud, foúrefõ f.f,a isg oEi
olajd oEi jeiS hk ;rï jqj;a tjd w; m; .Eug fyda lsisjl= bÈßm;a
fkd jkafka iuka foú refjys yd foúhka i;=j we;ehs lshk .=ma;
n,h ms<sn|j we;s oeä úYajdih fya;=fjks' tA ksid u isßmd lreKd lrk
ne;su;a;= mQcd N+ñhlg fkd fydìkd joka fkd mejiSug j. n,d .ks;s'
nqoaOx irfKa isri ord f.k
Oïux irfKa is; myod f.k
ix>x irfKa isjqre ord f.k
b[a[hs ;=ka irfKa woyd f.k
;=ka irfKa lú lshñka iufkd< lkao ;rKh lrk ieoeyej;=ka
jHjydr lrk úfYaI jpk iuQyhla o fjhs' isßmd lkao k.skafka
ke;' ‘lreKd lrhs'’ .uka u,a," ‘ieye,a¨j’hs¦ ;onohla we;s jQ úg
bvla lvla b,a,kafka ‘fokak wmg ixysf|a’ lshñks' jkaokdfõ hk
lKavdhu" ‘jkaokd kvh’hs' tys kdhlhd" ‘kfâ .=rd’h' m%:u j;djg
isßmd j¢kag hk ;ek;a;d ‘fldavqldrhd’ fjhs' isßmd .ufka § iS;
.Õ=f,ka iakdkh lr f.;a;ïmdfka § f.;a;ï l< hq;= h' wk;=rej
u¿jg lreKd lr fodf<dia ufya mykg f;,a j;alr >Kagdrh kdo
l< hq;= hs' wfkl=;a ne;su;=ka ;uka isßmd jkaokd l< jdr .Kkg
>Kagd kdo meje;aúh hq;= h' nodod yd fikiqrdod hk flïuqr Èkj,
úfYaI f;ajdjka isÿ lr YS% mdo ,dxPkhg mQfcdamydr meje;aùu pdß;%hls'
b÷ks,añ‚ u;=fhys ;enQ iïud iïnqÿ rcdKka jykafiaf.a md igyk
jid úYd, .,aj,ska isßmd u¿j wdjrKh fldg .,a l=¿ u; m¾j;hla
;nd tA u; oekg wmg olakg ;sfnk YS% mdo ,dxPkh flgQ nj
fn!oaOhka w;r mej; tk úYajdih hs' 1940 § Yla;su;a f,i m%dldrh
nkaojd u¿j yd;ami lemQ .,a w;=rejd m%;sixialrKh l< wjia:dfõ
fodf<dia ufya myk t;ekska bj;a fldg tA ìfuys l¿.,a we;srùug
fmdf<dj lksk ,È' tys w÷re yd .eUqre l=yrhla olakg ,enqKq nj;a"
133132 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
nd,al jeks úYd, .,a geï u; fuu m¾j;h ;nd ;sfnk nj ms<s.;
yels nj;a tjlg Y%S mdoia:dkfha Ndrldrjrhd mjid we;'
fmr rc orejka YS% mdoia:dkhg .ïjr mQcd l< nj wU.uq fi,a,smsh"
.s,Suf,a fi,a,smsh yd Y%S ksYaYxlu,a, fi,a,smsh hk fi,a,smsj,
i|ykaj we;' ‘isßmd ,l=K’ .ek igyka ;enQ úfoaYslfhda fndfyda h'
uyd wef,laiekav¾ rc" wrdì cd;sl iqf,hsudka" bnka n;+;d" mq¾;=.Sis
cd;sl Tvdfrdfvda nd¾fndird" Ök cd;sl yshqxidka" bx.%Sis cd;sl
frdnÜ fkdlaia" we,ka fjda,ag¾ia" weu¾ika fgkkaÜ" ú,shï ialSka tA
w;r isá;s'
lS¾;s Y%S rdcisxy rc;=ud Y%S mdoia:dkh crdjdi ;;a;ajfhka uqod jeä ÈhqKq
lr YsIHdkqYsIH mrmqrg ysñ jk mßÈ je,súg irKxlr ix>rdchdKka
jykafiag ;U ikakilska mjrd § Wodr Ydiksl fiajhla lf<a h'
iufkd< l÷ uqÿk yd isßmd igyk weiqfrys fmdaIKh jQ idys;Hh
úfYaI jQjls' iuka;l+g j¾Kkdj" iuka isß;" Ysfrdamdoh" iuk<
úia;r" iuk, yE,a," wNskj ysu.; j¾Kkdj" YS% mdo w,xldrh" isßmd
je÷u yd ;=ka irKh lú jeks idys;H ks¾udK Y%S mdoia:dkh mdol
fldg .;a lD;s lsysmhls' ie,<sys‚ ikafoaYfha § YS% ,xld ud;djf.a
isri f,i iufkd< lkao j¾Kkhg ,la lr we;'
iufkd< uqyq< uy iuqÿr fujq,a nr
iq,l< mqj< ,lZÕk isß fhdjqka jr
j¾;udkfha o YS% mdoia:dkh mdol fldg f.k ,shejqKq úúO idys;H
ks¾udK yuq fõ'
135134 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' jryka ;=<ska jvd;a ksjerÈ ms<s;=r f;dard my; i|yka jdlHj,
ysia;eka iïmQ¾K lrkak'
i. iuka; l+gh '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ^úIaKq$l;r.u$iuka&
foúhkaf.a jdiN+ñh fia ie,flhs'
ii. Y%S mdoia:dkh uqyqÿ uÜgfï isg wä ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
^7260la$8560la$7360la& Wiska msysgd we;'
iii. uq,a u j;djg isßmd j¢kakg hkakd ''''''''''''''''''''''''' ^kfâ
.=rd$fldavqldrhd$lreKdjka;hd& hk kñka ye¢kafõ'
iv. isßmd lreKd lrk iEu fokd u ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ̂k,a,;kaksh$
<sys‚ fy<$iS; .Õ=,& miq lr;s'
v. rc udj; f,i ms<s.kq ,nkafka ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
^m,dnoao,$l=reúg$yegka& miq lrñka u¿j fj; lreKd
lrk udj; hs'
vi. isßmd j¢kakg .sh rcjrekaf.a kï w;r i|yka fkd jkafka
''''''''''''''''''''' ^j<.ïnd$uyd mrdl%undyq$ÿgq.euqKq& rc;=udf.a
ku h'
vii. isßmd wjdrh jkafka ''''''''''''''''''''' ̂ W÷jma fmdaod isg kjï fmdaod
olajd$W÷jma fmdaod isg fjila fmdaod olajd$fjila fmdaod isg
W÷jma fmdaod olajd& ld,h hs'
viii. Y%S mdo ,dxPkh ku¢kakg hk .ufka § wikakg fkd
,efnkafka ''''''''''''''''''''' ^ieye,a¨j$ixysf|a$k.suq& hk jpkh
hs'
xi. Y%S mdoia:dkh fjkqfjka .ïjr mQcd lf<a '''''''''''''''''''''
^fi,a,smsj,$ geï,smsj,$úfoaYSh jd¾;dj,& igyka ;nñks'
x. Y%S mdoia:dkh jeä ÈhqKq lsÍfï f.!rjh ysñ jkafka
''''''''''''''''''''' ^Y%S úl%u rdcisxy$lS¾;s Y%S rdcisxy$iS;djl
rdcisxy& rc;=udg h'
135134 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
2' my; i|yka moj,g iudk w¾:h fok mo ,shkak'
i. ,dxPkh viii.rej xv. m%dldrh
ii. l+gh ix. u¿j xvi. m%;sixialrKh
iii. kegqula x.oEi xvii. l=¨kq
iv. iqkaor xi.fn,a, xviii. fn!oaO
v. fiakaÿ ùu xii.f.;a;ï xix. i;=
vi. fjila xiii.kdoh xx. ud;dj
vii. Wmydrh xiv.b÷ks,añ‚
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' lKavdhïj,g fn§ ;=kairfKa lú .dhkd lrkak'
2' zYS% mdoia:dkhZ kñka ì;a;s mqj;am;l l,dmhla ks¾udKh
lrkak'
3' Y%S mdo ,dxPkh" iufkd< lkao weiqfrka ks¾udKh jQ .S; tla /ia
lr mka;sh bÈßfha .dhkd lrkak'
Wod ( i. isßmdfoa iufkd< lkao fmfka - wdf,dalh iuka
l=f<a'''
ii. uqks kkaok isßmdo j¢ï iufkd< lkafoa úysfok
fudalaI iq.kafoa'''
;ks mo
;ks mo hkqfjka ye¢kafjkafka mo lSmhlska fyda jdlHdxYhlska fyda
oelafjk woyila tla mohlska oelaùu hs'
mdvfuys we;=<;a tjeks mo y÷kd .ksuq'
iqrf,dj - foúhka jev jik f,dalh
krf,dj - ñksiqka Ôj;a jk f,dalh
.=ma; - kshu iajrEmh ieÕù mj;sk
fldavqldrhd - m<uq j;djg isßmd lreKd lrkakd
kfâ.=rd - isßmd lreKd lrk lKavdhfï kdhlhd
137136 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%;sixialrKh - kej; ilia lsÍu
.ïjr - úydr" foajd,h wdÈfha kv;a;=j i|yd mQcd lrk
bvï
fi,a,sms - .f,ys flgQ ,shú,s
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' zwZ ;Srej yd zwdZ ;Srej hd lrkak'
zwZ zwdZ
1' lsisfjl=g ne£ula ke;s fm;slv
2' y~ k.d lrk ;¾ckh foajodis
3' rcqf.a we;a y, Ndr m%Odkshd lsñfok
4' .ia" fld<" f.ä wdÈfha we;s nQj wkqiaurKh
5' mg mKqjdf.ka ;kk frÈ uiqre
6' ñ, uqo,a we;;a wkqkg fkd fok fiao frÈ
7' hful= fyda hula isysm;a lsÍu iqUq¿
8' Èh hg hk .ckdhl
9' foúhkaf.a wdjf;aj i|yd lem jQ ia;%sh f.darkdvqj
10' is;=jï w¢k ,o jia;%h iaffjß
2' my; i|yka jdlHj, ;o l¿ wl=frka fh§ we;s jdlHdxY fjkqjg ;ks mo fhdod jdlHh kej; ,shkak'
1' ckhd nyq,j jdih lrk m%foaYj, mßir ¥IKh o nyq, h'
2' fujr iS iEu" jemsÍu ms<sn| W;aijh meje;ajqfKa rdcH
wkq.%yfhks'
3' l< jro .ek lk.dgq ùug jvd jerÈ fkd lr isàu jeo.;a
fõ'
4' úch rc;=ud ms<sn| w;S; l;d mqj; l%sia;= mQ¾j hq.h olajd
Èfjhs'
5' hï ld¾hhla lr .ekSug kS;Hkql+, fkd jk wdldrhg fok
;Hd.h ,nd .kakd o ,nd fokakd o kS;sh bÈßfha jrolrefjda
h'
137136 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
6' ;ud Wmka N+ñh fjkqfjka Ôú;h mQcd l< rKúrefjda wm
is;a ;=< iodl,a Ôj;a fj;s'
7' ;ud .ek muKla is;d lghq;= lrkakd uq¿ uy;a iudchg u
ms<s,hls'
8' Èrd .sh frÈ lene,a,la ye| isá hdpl ia;s%hg wïud u,a u,a
Ö;a;hla ÿkakd h'
9' b;d fõ.fhka Odjkh lrk nihlg Tyq f.dv jQfha l,afõ,d
we;sj ksjig hEug h'
10' Èk ;syl ld,hla ;siafia lh fjfyid jev lr Wmhd .kakd
jegqma Ôj;a ùug ;rï m%udKj;a ke;ehs Woaf>daIlfhda
mji;s'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' ;ks mo oyhla ,shd tajd úia;r lr olajkak'
2' Tnf.a hy¿jl= iu. ;ks mo lSfï ;r.hl fhfokak' tla ksjerÈ
ms<s;=rlg ,l=K ne.ska ,nd § ch.%dylhd fidhkak'
138 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
iqok .=K 17Ôú;h iy wdpdr O¾u yd iïnkaO úÑ;% woyia moHfhka m%ldY l<
wjia:d mer‚ idys;Hhkays yuq fjhs' tAjd fndfyda úg wd.ñl kS;sh
fyda rdc kS;sh fyda iïnkaO Wmfoia §fï wruq‚ka ,shd ;sfí' tla
idys;Hhl m%p,s;j we;s WmfoaYd;aul ks¾udKj,ska fjk idys;Hhka
fmdaIKh lsÍfï iïm%odhla mej;s nj o fmfka' tA wkqj mer‚ ixialD;
idys;Hfhka md,s idys;Hhg o tA folska u fou< idys;Hhg o tA
ish,af,ka u isxy, idys;Hhg o meñ‚ WmfoaYd;aul woyia yuq fjhs'
isxy, WmfoaY idys;Hh" ixialD; yd fou< WmfoaY ldjHhkaf.ka
fmdaIKh ù ;sfí' isxy,fhys yuq jk WmfoaY ldjH jkafka f,dajev
i`.rdj" iqNdIs;h yd f,dafldamldrh hk lD;s ;=k hs'
fï mdvug we;=<;a jkafka rKia.,af,a ysñhka úiska ,shk ,o
f,dafldamldrfhka Wmqgd .;a lú myla iy f,dafldamldrhg n,mE
;srelal=r,a kue;s fou< WmfoaY .%ka:fha isxy, mßj¾;kfhka Wmqgd
.;a lú myls' ;srelal=r,a .%ka:fha l;=jrhd ;srej,a¨j¾ kue;a;l= nj
lshfjhs' l=uk cd;shlg l=uk wd.ulg wh;a jqj o hym;a Ôú;hlg
wod< .=KO¾u ieug tl yd iudk nj fï mdvfuka fmkajd fohs'
139fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
;srelal=r,a
;srelal=r,a hkq l%s'j' 3 - 6 ishjia w;r ld,fha ,sheù we;ehs ie,flk
fou< WmfoaY ldjH ix.%yhls' tys l;=jrhd ;srej,a¨j¾ kue;af;l=
nj ms<s.efkhs' mßÉfþo oyhlska hq;= fuu .%ka:fha we;=<;a WmfoaY
moH ixLHdj 1330ls' fuh cd;s" wd.ï" l=, fNaohlska f;drj iuia;
iudcfha u hy meje;aug Wmfoia ,nd fok lD;shls'
pd,aia o is,ajd uy;d isß .Sh kñka ;srelal=r,a mßj¾;kh lr we;s w;r
fuu mdvug we;=<;a jkafka f.dfrdlaf.dv ñisydñf.a ;srelal=r,a
mßj¾;kfhka Wmqgd .;a lú myls'
Woõjla jYfhka - lsisjla fkd l< flfkl=g
lrk Wmldrh - wyig;a fmd<jg;a fkd iuhs
;udyg Wmldrhla fkd l< flfkl=g lrk Woõj wyig;a fmd<jg;a
iu l< fkd yels h' Bg;a jvd jákafka h'
ksis l,g flfkl=g - l< Wmldr jQ kï
th b;d iq¿ jqj - uyd f,djg;a jeä úYd,hs
iqÿiq wjia:djg flfkl=yg Wmldrhla l< fyd;a th l=vd Wmldrhla
jqj;a tys jákdlu uq¿ f,dalhg;a jvd úYd, h'
,nk m, fkdis;d - l< Woõfjys fyd| nj
ukskakg yels kï - uyd uqyqog jeä úYd,hs
wdmiq ,efnk m%fhdack .ek fkd is;d l< Wmldrhl jákdlu"
uekSug yels kï tys w.h uyd uqyqog;a jvd úYd, h'
flfkl=ka l< .=Kh - wu;l ùu krlhs
w.=K l< úglÈ - jyd wu;l ùu hym;s
flfkl= ;udg Wmldrhla l< úg th wu;l lsÍu iqÿiq fkd fõ'
w.=Khla l< fyd;a blaukska wu;l l< hq;= h'
.e,ùug yels h - ì|¨j kuqÿ yeu .=K
l< .=K fkd ;el=fjd;a - fkd yels fõ .e,ùu ,enqug
140 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
yeu .=K O¾uhla u lv l< fyd;a fíÍug yels h' tfy;a l< .=K
fkd ;el=j fyd;a .e,ùula ,eìh fkd yels h'
f,dafldamldrh
f,dafldamldrh fldaÜfÜ hq.fha § rKia.,af,a ysñhka úiska rpkd
lrk ,o WmfoaY ldjH .%ka:hls' fuys lú 238la olakg ,efí' hym;a
Ôú;hla i|yd wjYH WmfoaY ,nd fok lD;shla f,i f,dafldamldrh
jeo.;a fõ'
by; wmf.a wjOdkhg fhduq jQ ;srelal=r,a kï .%ka:fha n,mEu ,enQ
fmd;la f,i o f,dafldamldrh ye¢kaúh yels h' my; oelafjkafka
f,dafldamldrfhka Wmqgd .;a lú lsysmhls'
biqfrka msßyqK;a
iqok ;u .=Kh wvq fkd lr;a
ì÷K;a rka n÷k
we;s nr w.h wvq fkdjk fuka
iïm;aj,ska mßydkshg m;a jqK;a iqofkda ;u .=K oï /lSu wvq fkd
lr;s' flfia o h;a" rka Ndckh levqK;a tys jákdlu yd nr wvq
fkd jkakdla fuks'
iqofkda ;u isß;a
l<jqka ;uka f,i u i,l;a
mykska .;a myka
tl f,i u nn<k ú,iafkka
hym;a ckhd ;ukaf.a .=K wkq.ukh lrk wh ;ud fia u i,l;s'
th myklska oe,ajQ wfkla myka ish,a, u tl f,i wdf,dalfhka
nn<kakdla fuks'
rka n|fkys flir
f;,a wvq fkdù mj;sk fuka
W;=uka yo imsß
l=¨Kq fu;a wvq fkdù mj;shs
141fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
r;arka Ndckfhys ;nd we;s flair isxyhdf.a f;,a ysf|kaafka ke;s
ksid wvqjla fkd ù ta f,iska mj;S' ta iqokkaf.a$W;=ï ckhdf.a
yojf;ys msÍ we;s lreKd fu;a .=Kh wvqjla fkd fõ' l=¨Kq fu;a
.=Kh fyj;a lreKdj hkq wks;a whf.a ÿl oel ;udf.a yo lïmd
jk" fYdal jk .=Kh hs'
fï. .x m, ;=re
mryg u jev muqKqjk fuka
iqokka ,;a biqre
iõ i;g jev fõ h ks;sfhka
uyd j¾Idj" .x.d" f.äj,ska msreKq .ia wka whg hym; i,ihs'
tfuka u iqofkda ;ud <`. we;s iïm;a ish¨ ckhdf.a hym;g ks;r
fhdoj;s'
;uyg fkdiß jk
ind ueo b¢kqj lr nd
i| oel fld| mqnqÿ
jkq oel mshqï yelsf<k fuka
;u woyig fkd .e<fmk iNdjla ueo bkakd úg ksYaYíoj isàu
iqÿiq h' th pkaøhd mdhkq oel" l=uqÿ u,a msfmkq oel" fk¨ï u,a mr
fjkakdla fuks'
wjfndaOh
1' ì÷Kq rka Ndckh Wmudjla f,i .;af;a l=ula .ek lSug o@
2' “l=¨Kq fu;a .=Kh” meyeÈ,s lrkak'
3' tu .=Kh Wmud lr we;af;a l=ulg o@
4' iajNdj O¾ufha isÿùula .ek wjidk lúfha olajd we;' th l=ula
o@
142 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' fuu moj,g úreoaO w¾: fok mo ,shkak'
iqok - jev -
isß;a - fu;a -
mqnqÿ -
2' iudk moh ,shkak
biqre - iqok -
yelsf<; - i| -
mshqï -
3' fuu lú mka;s fol weiqßka ñksiqkaf.a Ôú;h id¾:l lr .ekSug
Wojq jk idrO¾u f,aLkhla ms<sfh, lrkak'
4' WmfoaY .%ka: lSmhl kï ,shkak'
5' fuu mdvñka Tfí Ôú;hg tl;= lr .; yels idrO¾u i;rla
,shkak'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' Tn fuu mdvñka W.;a lreKq yd ;j;a WmfoaY .%ka: lshjd lreKq
tla /ia fldg “iqok .=K” kñka ì;a;s mqj;am;g ,smshla ,shkak'
143PB fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
foaYdNsudkh hkq foaYh ms<sn| wdvïnrh" .¾jh" udkh hkak hs'
;u ud;D N+ñfha ixialD;sl Wreuh;a w;S; fi!Nd.Hh fuka u
iajNdj fi!kao¾hh ms<sn| wikakg ,eîfuka iEu mqrjeishl= ;=<
u foaYdNsudkS yeÕSï my< ùu ksh; h' “ud ÿgq uq,a ysre fmkakQ
,xld” hkak tjka foaYdNsudkS yeÕSï okjk .S;hls" fï .S;h
ye;a;Ej oYlfha .=jkaúÿ,sfha iajfoaYSh fiajh u.ska bÈßm;a lrk
,o “tä;r ,xld” kï jQ jevigykg we;=<;a jQjls'
.S;fha rplhd jQ lreKdr;ak wurisxy iqm%isoaO ckudOHfõÈfhls'
mßj¾;lhl=" .S; mo ud,d rplhl= yd <ud fmd;a
ks¾udKlrejl= f,i o wurisxy m%isoaêhg m;aj we;' m%ùK
fg,s kdgH msgm;a rplhl= jk wurisxy .=jkaúÿ,s kdgH
/ila i|yd rx.kfhkao odhl;ajh imhd ;sfí'
flfkl=g Ôú;fha tla jrla muKla ,nd .; yels is.akSia iïudkfhka
o ^2005& lreKdr;ak wurisxyfhda msÿï ,enQy'
ud ÿgq uq,a ysre fmkakQ ,xld 18
145144 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ud ÿgq uq,a ysre fmkakQ ,xld
ud ÿgq uq,a ysre fmkakQ ,xld
ud ÿgq uq,a i÷ fmkakQ ,xld
ud .;a uq,a iqiqu;a ÿka ,xld
ud mK fuka Tn rlafkñ ,xld
w;a y< mq;a le, isys fldg ,xld
Tn fy¿ ÿla fida iqiquka ,xld
uy ? uy ihqfrka ú;a ,xld
Tn rlakd Èß jvjhs ,xld
ud fk; Tn ks;s n,kg ,xld
ud lk Tn ÿl wikg ,xld
ud is; Tn .=K r|kg ,xld
ud Èú Tn /l .ekqug ,xld
ud .; f,a ì÷ tla fldg ,xld
k<,; ;s,lh wkaoñ ,xld
ud .; vd ì÷ tla fldg ,xld
Tn Wr uq;ayr nkaoñ ,xld
wjfndaOh
1' ,xldj ;ud Wmka foaYh nj oekùu i|yd rplhd fhdod we;s
ldfjHdala;sh l=ula o@
2' ,xldj w;a yer .sh wh .ek ,xldj ÿla jk nj mejiSu i|yd
fhdod we;s lú moh l=ula o@
3' rg fjkqfjka Ôú;h mß;Hd. lrk nj mejfik lúh l=ula o@
4' “ud .; f,a ì÷ tla fldg" ud .; vd ì`ÿjla fldg” hk
moj,ska woyia jkafka l=ula o@
5' ujqìu ms<sn| wNsudkj;a ye`.Sï oekfjk moH mdG Wmqgd olajkak'
145144 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' fï foaYdNsudkS ks¾udK o lshjkak' .dhkd lrkak'
,xld ,xld fmïnr ,xld
mskjuq Tn ,xld
fydnjuq Tn ,xld Èú §
iqrlsuq Tn ,xld -wÍfika wyqnqÿ
r;ak§m ckau N+ñ
,xld §m úch N+ñ
fï wfma Wodr jQ
ud;D N+ñhhs -uy.u fialr
iir jik ;=re - ksjka olsk ;=re
mskafl; fy< rka forfKa
h<s WmÈkakg
fya;= jdikd fõjd - fya;= jdikd
-fvda,agka w,aúia
2' “uu uf.a rgg wdofrhs” hkafkka jpk 150l muK rpkhla
,shkak'
3' foaYdNsudkS ye`.Sï okjk moHhla ks¾udKh lrkak'
4' lKavdhïj,g fn§ fï foaYdNsudkS .Sh .dhkd lrkak'
5' foaYdNsudkS .S mo ud,d tla /ia lr fmd;a msxpla ilia lrkak'
147146 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ÿx ÿughs wÕ=re ughs
.=jkaúÿ,sh fyj;a f¾äfhdaj úoHq;a Y%jH udOHhls' .=jkaúÿ,sfhka
m%pdrh jk m%jD;a;s" i`.rd jevigyka" úÑ;%dx." úúO úIh lafIa;%
yd iïnkaO idlÉPd" jd¾;d jevigyka" ix.S;" kdgH wdÈ úúO
jevigyka Y%djlhkaf.a oekqu j¾Okh ùug;a ri úkaokhg;a fya;=
fõ' w¾:j;a .=jkaúÿ,s jevigyka f;dard fírd f.k ijka §fuka kj
f,djg .e<fmk fia Tfí oekqu mq¿,a lr .ekSug;a ri{;dj ÈhqKq
lr .ekSug;a yels fjhs'
uydpd¾h fÊ' î' Èidkdhlf.a iyNd.s;ajfhka Y%S ,xld .=jkaúÿ,s
ixia:dfõ iajfoaYSh fiajh Tiafia úldikh lrk ,o" tjl Y%djlhka
w;r m%idohg m;a jQ ‘;=kam;a rgd’ jevigyka ud,dj uqøs; udOHhg
fmr<d fmd;a jYfhka m< lr we;' “;=kam;a rgd - 3 ( isxy, isß;a
úß;a” kï fmdf;a mßÉfþohlska Wmqgd .;a fldgila fï mdvfuys
we;=<;a fjhs'
19
147146 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
“Tkak tfldau;a tl rgl ysáhd rÊcqre flfkla" ta rÊcqrjkag ysáhd
fndfydu ,iaik ¥ l=udßldjla' ojila od fï l=udßldj fi,a,ï lr
lr bkak fldg" kyfh ysr jqKd T<s| weghla' fï T<s| wefÜ t<shg
.kag rc jdif,a ysgmq yeu fokdu W;aidy l<d' kuq;a ldgj;a neß
jqKd' wka;sfï § rÊcqrefjda rg mqrd u w`vfnr .y,d heõjd" ;udf.a
¥ l=udßldjf.a kyfha /÷K T<s| wefÜ wrka odmq flfkl=g wef;la
nrg jia;=jhs rfgka mx.=jl=hs fokjd lsh,d'”
Th lshk isoaêh jqfKa “tfldau;a tl rgl” “tfldau;a tl ldf,l” h' fï isoaêh jqfKa wo kï rÊcqrejka fï isoaêh uyck;djg okajd
isákafka flfia o@ w`vfnr .eySfuka o@ ke;' iuyr úg mqj;am;a
ud¾.fhka" ke;fyd;a .=jkaúÿ,sh ud¾.fhks'
“fukak úfYaI .=jkaúÿ,s ksfõokhla' Y%S ,xldêm;s uyd
rdfcda;a;uhdKka jykafiaf.a ¥ l=ußh yÈis Y,H l¾uhlg
Ndckh lsÍug isÿ ù ;sfí' fï i|yd ish¨ u úfYaI{ ffjoHjreka
uyjdi, ÿ.a.kakd ks,fïg fyda wi, u we;s fiajd uqr fmd<g
fyda jyd u jd¾;d l< hq;= nj rdcH f,alï;=ud okajd isáhs'”
fï wdldrfhka wo .=jkaúÿ,sfhka flfrkafka tod" isxy, rÊcqrejkaf.a
ld,fhys w`vfnrfhka isÿ jqKq ldßh u h' tod w`vfnrfhka flrefKa
hïlsis m‚úvhla úYd, msßila w;rg f.k hEu hs' fï ldßh wo
ye¢kafjkafka “ck ikaksfõokh” hk kñks' ck ikaksfõokh"
fmdaiagrh" Ñ;%mgh" fmd;a jeks úúO ud¾.j,g “ck udOH” hk ku
jHjydr fõ'
“ikaksfõokh” hk moh w¨;a jqj;a ikaksfõok ldßh wm iudchg
w¨;a fohla fyda wmQrejla fkd fõ' tod wmg .=jkaúÿ,shla fyda
rEmjdyskshla fkd ;snqK;a tn÷ ckudOHj,ska bgq flfrk ldßh
bgq lsÍu i|yd fjk;a ud¾. mej;sK' fï ud¾. wo ye¢kafjkafka
“mdrïmßl ikaksfõok l%u” hk kñks' fï l%u wvq jeä jYfhka
wo jqj;a .ïj, mj;S' fï mßÉfþoh isxy, .fï mj;sk mdrïmßl
ikaksfõok l%u ms<sn|j h'
w`v fnrh mdrïmßl ikaksfõok udOHhls' w`v fnrh .eiSu ms‚i
fnfyda úg fhdod .kafka ojq,ls' fï ojqf,a y`v wefik úg" thska
149148 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
lshfjkafka uy rÊcqrejkaf.a wKla fyda wd{djla nj mer‚ .eñfhda
oek .;ay' fï fnr y`äka m%ldY jQfha rÊcqrejkaf.a “wKla” ksid
fuh uq,ska ye¢kafjkag we;af;a “wK fnf¾” hkqfjks' th miq l,l §
“w`v fnf¾” njg m;a jkakg we;' wo;a iuyr .ï m<d;aj, f;dr;=re
oekaùu Wfoid w`v fnrh fhdod .efka' úfYaIfhka u .ï iNdfõ
/iaùula mj;ajk Èkh fyda jefõ j;=r uqod yßk Èkh fyda .eñhkag
oekaùu ms‚i fuh Ndú; fõ'
hula ´kEjg jvd m%pdrh lrk úg “´lg Th ;rx w`vfnr .ykag
´kEhe”hs isxy,fhda lsh;s'
ikaksfõokh i|yd mdrïmßlj Ndú; jkafka y`vj,a muKla
fkd fõ' weig fmfkk foaj¨;a ta i|yd fhdod .eksK' frÈ" fldä
wdÈh fukau —ÿï f.dn˜ wdÈh;a ta i|yd fhdod .eksK'
m‚úv heùu i|yd “ÿï f.dn” fhdod .ekSu r;= bkaÈhdkq
f.da;%slhka w;r fnfyúka ckm%sh ikaksfõok udOHhls' iuyr úg
fï ÿï f.dnhlska lshfjk m‚úvh thska u;= jk ÿï j<¨ .Kk
wkqj fjkia jk nj;a lshkq ,efí'
isxy,hka o ÿï f.dn u.ska m‚úv hjd we;s nj fmfka' rgg i;=rka
wd wjia:dj," ta mqj; rc jdi,g jyd u oekqï fok ,oafoa ÿï f.dn
wyig heùfukehs me/kafkda lsh;s' fï i|yd l÷uqÿkaj, uqr fmd<j,a
msysgqjd ;sìK' tla uqr fmd<lska ÿï f.dnhla wyig hejQ úg th olsk
wksla uqrfmdf<a wh tn÷ u ÿï f.dnhla wyig hj;s' ta ÿï f.dnh
olsk B<`. uqr fmdf<a wh;a tn÷ u ÿï f.dnhla wyig hj;s' fï
wdldrfhka È.ska È.g u ÿï f.dn we;s lrk úg" rc jdif,a isák
uqrldrfhda o fï ÿï f.dn oel" ta m‚úvh uy rÊcqrejkag ie, lr;s'
rgg i;=rka f.dv nei we;s neúka ;u yuqod fufyhùug l,a meñK
we;s nj thska rÊcqrefjda f;areï .ks;s'
wo ÿï f.dn hjd m‚úv heùfï isß;la ke;;a" wdÈfhys tjekakla
mej;s njg isxy, ckY%e;sfhka ksoiqka fidhd .; yels h' .sks f.dvlska
ÿula kef`.k úg isxy, orefjda fufia lshñka lE .i;s'
“ÿx ÿughs wÕ=re ughs
fï hk ÿx fldaÜfgghs”
149148 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
fuhska u;lhg kef.kafka fldaÜfÜ rc jdi, msysá wjêfhys jQ
isÿùuls'
woyia m%ldY lsÍu i|yd ldyg jqj;a f,fyisfhka u fhdod .; yels
udOHhla kï lgy`v hs' “ldg o neß yQ lshkag@” yQ lSfuka woyia m<
lsÍu .ug wuq;= fohla fkd fõ'
wE; fj,ahdh biau;af;a lsisjl= hk úg Tyqf.a wjOdkh fhduq lr
.ekSug we;s fyd| u ud¾.h uy;a y`äka yQjla lSu hs' ta yQ y`v weiqKq
úg Bg ms<s;=re o yQ y`äka u kef`.a' ke;s jqKq yrld ndk fidhd le<E
jefok .eñhkag ;u ;uka w;r woyia yqjudre lr .ekSug we;s
fyd| u ud¾.h;a yQ lSu hs' ke;s jqKq yrld yuq jqKq nj lSug fia u
;ud bkakd biõj fiiaikag ye`.ùug;a fï yQ y`v Wmldr fõ' iuyr
le<Eno m<d;aj," fyaka fldgk ld,hg fï yQ y`vj,a ks;r u kef`.a'
fyakg .sks ;nkakg l,ska" ta nj wksla fyaka f.dúhkag okajd isàu
jeo.;a h' fï oekaùu flfrkafka yQjl ud¾.fhks' uydpd¾h ;siai
ldßhjiï uy;d ;ukaf.a .u .ek lS fohla uf.a u;lhg kef.a'
“.sx .`. whsfka msysá wfma .fï fndfyda fokd lrkafka .fvd,a lemSfï
jD;a;shhs' oj,a n;g f.or ú;a u|la fj,d weia mshd f.k isák .eñhkag
wyfia l¿jla fyda jeys j,djla u;= ùu fmfkkafka ke;' mÜg,a msysgd
we;s ;ekg <`. u f.hl isák flfkl=g yÈisfha u ke`. tk jeys
j,djla fmfkhs' fï jk úg fõ<Su i|yd ish¨ u .fvd,a l÷ jid we;s
fmd,a w;= bj;a lr we;' fj,g nisk .eñhd yQjla lshhs' we`oka u;g ù
isákd .eñfhda tys woyi f;areï f.k mÜg,hg ÿj f.dia .fvd,a l÷
jid ou;s'”
;siai ldßhjiï" ck ikaksfõok m%fõYh
ldßhjiï uy;d b;d meyeÈ,sj fmkajd fok wdldrhg fuhska fy<s
jkafka yQ y`vla ud¾.fhka isxy, .eñhka ikaksfõokfhys fhÿKq
wkaou hs'
yQ lSfuka woyia m< lsÍfï ldßh isxy,hkag wo Bfha mqreÿ jqKq
ldßhl=;a fkd fõ' wE; w;S;fhys" rc oji mjd fï iïm%odh ;snqKq
nj fmfka' rÊcqrejkaf.a ldßhla i|yd fyj;a “rdcldßhla” i|yd
.eñhkaf.a fiajdj wjYH jQ úg .eñhka le|jd .;af;a l÷ uqÿkl isg
.ug wefik fia k`.k yQjlsks' fï yQ y`v .eñfhda y÷kd .ks;s'
151150 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ÿgq.euqKq rÊcqrejka l;r.u foajd,hg .ï ìï ÿkafka;a yQ yf`â
wdOdrfhkehs .eñfhda lsh;s' W!j m<df;a iuyreka lshk yeáhg ta
m<d;g “W!j” hk ku ,enqfK;a fï “yQj” fya;= fldg f.k hs' fï
yQj lshkafka l÷ uqÿkl isgh' ta yQ y`v hï ;dla ÿrlg wefia o ta
;dla ÿr msysá bvlvï ish,a, l;r.ug mejerE nj ckm%jdofhys ths'
isxy, .eñhd ÿr m%udKh jqj;a uekafka yQj Wmfhda.s fldg f.k h'
“yQjl ÿr” hk jyr wo mjd .eñfhda Ndú; lr;s'
fuys § fufkys l< hq;= ;j;a lreKls' tkï" tla tla ldßh i|yd
fjkia fjkia yQ y`vj,a mej;s njh' wE; hkafkl=g l;d lrkakg
jqjukd jQ úg k`.k yQj;a" .fï iQÿ fmd<g fmd,sisfhka mekak úg
k`.k yQj;a" tl yd iudk fkd jk nj .eñfhda oks;s' tfia fkd ú‚
kï th ikaksfõokh i|yd fhdod .; fkdfya'
.fï ;j;a jeo.;a ikaksfõok ldßhla mkaif,a >Kagdrhg mejf¾'
idudkH ojil Wfoa jrejg Wfoa tfld<yg muK wefik >Kagdr y`v
.ug f.k hk m‚úvh l=ula o@ mkaif,a yduqÿrejka nqÿ f.g jev"
nqÿka jykafiag wdydr mQcd fldg wjika jQ njhs' fï i|yd >Kagdrh
;=ka jrla kdo flf¾'
hïlsis fj,djl >Kagdrh blaukska kdo flf¾ kï thska lshfjkafka
fjk;a wdldrhl m‚úvhls' tkï" .fï mkaif,a lsisjl=g yÈiaishla
fyda wk;=rla isÿ ù we;s fyhska .eñhka le|ùu tys wruqK hs'
mkai,g jqjo we;eï ojil i,dl odkh jr§' tjka ojilg yduqÿrejka
lrkafka ;j;a wdldrhlg >Kagdr .id" ta m‚úvh .ug oekqï §uhs'
ta y`v f;areï .kak .eñfhda" ,ys ,ysfha tl;= ù" ;u ;ukag yels
whqßka n;a jExck mkai,g f.k t;s'
yekaoEfõ .s,kami mQcdjg mkai,g tla /iaj Wmdil Wmdisldfjda
“ioao mQcdjg” o >Kagdr kdo lr;s' ta y`v fndfyda fõ,djla tl È.g
jefhkakls'
isßmd mqokag hk ne;su;dg;a >Kagdrh ke;=j neß h' ;ud lS jrla
isßmd lreKd fldg weoao hk j. f,djg y`v .d lshkafka Wvu¿fõ
we;s >Kagdrh kdo lrk jdr .Kksks' lsisjl= ta >Kagdrh y;a jrla
151150 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
kdo l< fyd;a thska lshfjkafka Tyq y;a jrla isßmd j¢kak weú;a
we;s mqj; hs'
'''isxy, .fï mj;sk mdrïmßl ck ikaksfõok ud¾. iuyrla fuys
ie,ls,a,g yiq úK' ld,hdf.a wejEfuka ish,a, fjkia jk fyhska
fï ikaksfõok l%u o oeka oeka fjkia fjñka mj;S' tod yekaoEfõ
.fï fj,a hdfha ksixi,h ì| f.k wd ngk<d y`v fjkqjg oeka oeka
wikakg ,efnkafka g%dkaisiagrhlska ksl=;a jk yskaÈ Ñ;%mg .S;hla
úh yels h'
wre;a meyeÈ,s lsÍu
Y,Hl¾uhlg ie;alulg
ÿ.a.kakd ks,fï rcjdi, lghq;= Ndr ks,Odßfhls'
mÜg,a ueis ^.fvd¿ lemSug Ndú; lrk&
wjfndaOh
1' ck udOH f,i j¾;udkfha ye¢kafjk udOH folla kï lrkak'
2' w`v fnrfhka isÿ flreKq ld¾hh l=ula o@
3' w`v fnr .eiSu i|yd Ndú; l< jdµ NdKavh l=ula o@
4' mer‚ isxy, iudcfha m‚jqv heùug Ndú; l< l%u folla
mdvfuka Wmqgd olajkak'
5' >Kagd kdoh ikaksfõokh i|yd Ndú; flrefKa fln÷ wjia:d
i|yd o@
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' mdvfuys we;=<;a" me/kakka úiska Ndú; l< ikaksfõok l%u
y;rla ms<sn|j flá igyka ,shkak'
153152 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
úfYaIK mo
kdu mohla fyda l%shd mohla úia;r lsÍug tfia ke;s kï j¾Kkd
lsÍug fhdok mo úfYaIK mo kï fõ' tfia úfYaIKh lrkq ,nk
moh úfYaIHh kï fõ'
Wod( iqj| u,
fuys “iqj|” hkak úfYaIK moh hs' thska úia;r jk “u,” hkak
úfYaIH mohhs'
úfYaIK mo j¾. folls'
2' l%shd úfYaIKkdu úfYaIK
kdu mohla úia;r lrk" j¾Kkd lrk mohla kdu úfYaIKhla
fjhs'
Wod( hym;a <uhs mõ fkd lr;s' WKq j;=r ksjd mdkh lrkak'
ueá NdKav ìf`ok iq¨ h' l=re¨ kdoh lka mskjhs'
ls%hd úfYaIK
l%shd mohla isÿ jk wdldrh" isÿ jk ld,h" isÿ jk ia:dkh" isÿ ùug
fya;=j m%ldY lrk mo l%shd úfYaIK kï fjhs'
Wod( <uhs i;=áka lE.i;s' ld,h fiñka f.ù hhs'
.x.dj fõ.fhka .,d nishs' uqfjda ìfhka ;e;s .ks;s'
153152 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' my; oelafjk fþofha we;=<;a kdu úfYaIK mo 10la fidhd ,shkak'
f,dl= udud .ug tkafka l,d;=rlsks' Tyq tk úg wmg jákd ;E.s
f.k taug o wu;l fkd lrhs' isyska isrerla we;s Tyqg we;af;a
m%ikak fmkquls' Tyq ks;r wekafoa iqÿ lñihla iy l¿ l,siuls'
Tyq úYd, k.rhl mqxÑ fj<`odula lrkafkls' mdi,a <uhska i|yd
wjYH ,sms øjH yd WmlrK úlsŒu Tyqf.a fj<`odu hs' thska Tyqg
,enqfKa iq¿ ,dNhls'
2' my; oelafjk fþofhys ysia ;eka msrùug iqÿiq jpk jryk ;=<ska
f;dard fþoh iïmQ¾K fldg ,shkak'
wyi ''''''''''''''''''''''''' jeysl¿ me;sfrhs' ''''''''''''''''''''''''' úÿ,s fldghs'
''''''''''''''''''''''''' fyk mqmqrhs' ''''''''''''''''''''''''' iq<x yuhs' .ia w;=
''''''''''''''''''''''''' weUfrhs' l=re,af,da ''''''''''''''''''''''''' leo,s lrd h;s'
wïud ''''''''''''''''''''''''' ù meÿr f.g .kshs' ''''''''''''''''''''''''' jeys ì÷
m;s; fjhs' l%ufhka ''''''''''''''''''''''''' jeis weo yef,hs' mshis w.ska
fífrk jeys j;=r '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' .,d hhs'
^,ys,ysfha" fiñka fiñka" ta fï w;g" jid f.k" ;Èka" fõ.fhka"
uy y`äka" fkdlvjd" yksl" iq<s k.ñka&
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' mdvfï we;=<;a f;dr;=re yd Tn fidhd .;a f;dr;=re we;=<;a
lrñka “mdrïmßl ikaksfõok l%u” hk ud;Dldj hgf;a
i`.rdjl m< lsÍug iqÿiq ,smshla ,shkak'
155154 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
“uyd jxifha i|yka jk mßÈ m,a,re hkq m,afydre h' uyd mrdl%u
ilia lv fkd lS lg20ilia lv fkdlS lg
Wf.a lg yqUia lg
hkqfjka mqrd;kfhda lSfjda h' fiiq fmd;a .ek tfia fkd lshejq‚'
wl=re WÉpdrKh lrùfï wáfhka u ilia lv ,sheù we;s fihls'
wl=re lrkakg u ,shejqKq mer‚ fmd;a oy wgla úh' fydaäh" kïfmd;"
u`.=,a ,l=K" .K foú yE,a," joka lú fmd;" nqoaO .Êch" ilia lv"
kdudIag Y;lh" kjr;akh" jHdildrh" ysf;damfoaYh" m%;Hh Y;lh"
wkqreoaO Y;lh" fn!oaO Y;lh" iQ¾h Y;lh" jD;a; ud,dj" jD;a;
ud,dLHdj" wurisxyh hkq ta fmd;a fm< hs'
ilia lv kï fmdf;ka Wmqgd .;a mdGhla Tn yh fY%a‚fha § lshjkakg
we;' “ilia lv lS lg” Yío WÉpdrKfha olaIhl= ìys lrhs' Yío k.d
lshùu u.ska WÉpdrK fodaI u. yrjd .; yels fjhs'
tÈfkod lghq;= id¾:l lr .ekSu i|yd wmg fkdfhla m%ldYk lshùug
isÿ fõ' lshùfuka woyia ,nd .; yels jk w;r oekqu j¾Okh fõ'
lshjk foa Y%djlhdg wjOdrKh jkafka YífodaÉpdrKfha iajNdjh
u; h' mqj;am;la lshjk wdldrhg msß;a .d:djla fyda Yaf,dalhla fyda
iÊCOdhkd l< fkd yels h'
155154 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
'''mqrdúoHd mYapd;a Wmdê wdh;kh u.ska o iS.sßh m%foaYfha isÿ l<
.fõIKj, § ÈhqKq f,day l¾udka;hla mej;s njg idOl fidhd f.k
;sîu o jeo.;a fõ' iS.sß ksïkfha w,fld< jej m%foaYfhka fidhd
f.k we;s W÷ka yd ta wdYs%;j ,eî we;s hfndr u.ska o b;d mqrdK
hq.fha § tu m%foaYfha ÈhqKq f,day l¾udka;hla mej;s njg idOl
imh hs' tfia u 80 yd 90 oYlj, iuk, jej m%foaYfha leŒï isÿ
lr f,day ksmojQ W÷ka rdYshla fidhd f.k ;sfnk w;r" fïjd o
b;d mer‚ hq.j,g wh;a fia ie,fla' tfia u wïn,kaf;dg m%foaYfha
ßÈh.u wdY%fhka 1996 jif¾ mqrdúoHd fomd¾;fïka;=j yd m%xY
mqrdúoHd{hka isÿ l< leŒïj, § oekg jeõ c,fhka hg ù we;s
N+ñfha óg¾ 1lg jvd úYd, úIalïNhlska hq;a W`ÿka fidhd f.k we;s
w;r" fuys mej;=K f,day l¾udka;h ls%' mQ' hq.h olajd wE;g Èj hk
nj mqrdúµd{fhda úYajdi lr;s'
Èjhsk - 2001 ckjdß 17" 23 msg
mqj;am;a jd¾;djla b;d ir, NdIdjla fhdod f.k ,shefjhs' WÉpdrKh
o wjfndaO lr .ekSu o myiq h' tfy;a ixialD; mo nyq, isxy,
jHjydrh Bg fjkia h' WÉpdrKh ;rula wmyiq h' lshjkjd;a iu.
tys lreKq o wjfndaO lr .; hq;= fjhs' wms tjeks mdGhla lshjd n,uq'
tlsfklg fjkia mdG lshjd lg yqre lr .ksuq'
“kS, j¾K wdia;rKfhl ÈjH RIshl= fuka fmfkkqfha fï ljfrla
o@ wdYap¾hfhls' Tyqf.a uqyq‚ka ߧ ri Odrdfjla tlajka .,hs' tfy;a
Tyqf.a OQu j¾K jQ fmdfrdakh u|l=ÿ f;uqKq nfjla fkd fmfka' n,j"
n,j" j¾K iïm;a;sfhka Èkkqfha Tyqf.a wdia;rKh o fkdfyd;a
mßY=oaO jQ wdldYh oehs úksYaph lrkq ms‚i fuka fya §ma;su;a jQ fka;%
hq.auh jßka jr by<g fhduq flfrhs' Tyqf.a uqfjys m<, kdid fo
mfiys jQ /<s fm<æ ljr m%S;sfhla o@
f;, wdia;rKfhla fkd fõ' wNskj ;DK N+ñfhls' ta ÈjH RIsfhla
fkd fõ' jDoaaO jQ ud¾.slfhls' wr ߧ ri Odrdfjla fkd fõ' uqyqK mqrd
f.k" <h jid f.k" jhi olajd f.k" .,kakd jQ rjq< h' weia hqj<
jßka jr wyi foig yrjkqfha meyeh ukkakg fkd fõ' foúhkg
Nla;sh olajkq i|yd h' m%S;sh uy;a nj ienehs' Tyq hkqfha foúhka fu
f,djg my< jQ ;ek § u j¢kakg h; mqokakg h; ;ud o fiiaika o
ÿlska uqok f,i hÈkakg h' fya fuys u|la .uka úvdj ÿre flfrhs'
fï lshejqKq ud¾.slhd ;udf.a YsÓ, jQ m%djrKdNHka;rfhka iqj| f;,a
l+mshla o rka ñ,la o wk¾> jQ rla; ud‚lHhla o weo .;; m%%S;sfhka
msreKd jQ fka;% hq.aufhka ta oE ne,Sh; fmr< fmr<d ne,S h;”
157156 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
fï l=udr;=x. uqksodi uy;df.a “YslaId ud¾.h” kï lD;sfhka Wmqgd
.;a fldgils'
tu mdGfhys WÉpdrKh lsÍug wmyiq njla oefkk jpk nyq, h' lSm
jrla y`v k.d WÉpdrKh lsÍfuka tu wmyiq;d u. yeÍ hkq we;' wms
;j;a WÉpdrK wNHdihla lruq' my; i|yka jkafka Yaf,dal lSmhls'
1' kuialD;H jkaodñ ;ajdx
hÈ mqKHx uhd lD;ï
wkHiHdums cd;Hdx fï
;ajfïj ckkS Nj
^Ndi&
w¾:h( Tng je| lshkafkñ' bÈka u úiska lrk ,o mskla we;akï wka
ckauhkays §;a Tn u uf.a wïud jkak'
2' úoHd ood;s úkhx
úkhdoHd;s md;%;dï
md;%;ajdoaOk udmafkd;s
Okd O¾ux ;;# iqLï
^ysf;damfoaYh&
w¾:h( úoHdj yslaóu ̂ úkh& ,nd fohs' yslaófuka hfula ms<s.kq ,eîug
meñfKhs' ms<s.kq ,eîfuka Okhg m;a fjhs' Okfhka O¾uhg;a"
O¾ufhka iem;g;a m;a fjhs'
fï Yaf,dal mdG lshjd tAjdfha woyi o ys;g .kak'
157156 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
wdia;rKh we;sß,a,
RIs RIsjrhd$;dmihd
wdYap¾hh mqÿuh$úu;sh
ߧ ri Odrdjla fkd lvjd weo yef,k ߧ meye;s c,
oyrdjla
OQu j¾K ÿï meye;s$l¿ .eiqKq
úksYaph ;SrKh
j¾K iïm;a;sh iïm;la f,i ie,flk YÍr j¾Kh$mdg
fka;% hq.auh weia fol
wNskj w¨;a$<má
;DK N+ñh ;K ìu
jDoaO uy¨
ud¾.slhd u.shd
YsÓ, ,sys,a$nqre,a
m%djrKdNHka;rfhka fmdfrdaKh ;=<ska
wk¾> b;d jákd
rla; ud‚lHh r;= ue‚l
il, ish¨
wre;a meyeÈ,s lsÍu
159158 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' msß;a .d:d y`v k.d iÊ®dhkh lrkak'
2' jeäysáhkaf.ka wid oek .;a Yaf,dalhla mka;shg bÈßm;a lrkak'
my; i|yka jpk y`v k.d WÉpdrKh lrkak'
iuka; Nø YS¾I m%Kduh
oDIaá úfYaI{ iuqø Ldokh
nkaOqcfkda ÿÜG.dñŒ
rElaI m%;sm;a;s mß;%dK foaYkh
ffj¥¾h ud‚lHh iaj¾KdNrK
mqKH l¾uh uydNsksIal%uKh
ixialD; mdGh pkaø uKav,h
u‚fïL,dj wlaIr úkHdih
jDlaI jkaokdj ia:dfkdaÑ; m%{dj
l¾;D jdlHh fcHda;sYaYdia;%h
úrdu ,l=Kq
úrduh hkq kej;Su hs' th f,aLkfhys fuka u l:kfhys o fhfoa'
l:kfha § fyj;a l;dfõ § fhfok úrduh i|yd" f,aLkfha § fyj;a
,sùfï § úrdu ,laIK Ndú; flf¾' ksis f,i yd ksjerÈj úrdu
,laIK fh§fuka woyia meyeÈ,sj yd m%dKj;aj bÈßm;a l< yels h'
l:kfha § l;d ú,difhka" wx. p,kfhka yd y`v Wia my;a lsÍfuka
wikakdg myiqfjka woyi jgyd Èh yels h' tfy;a f,aLkhl woyi
.%yKh lr .ekSu myiq lrkafka úfYaI ,l=Kq fh§fuks' fï i,l=Kq
y÷kajkafka ‘úrdu ,l=Kq’ hk kñks'
f,aLkfha § wm Ndú; lrk ‘flá br’" ‘we, br’ yd ‘fo;s;’ hk
úrdu ,laIK y÷kd .ksuq'
159158 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
flá br ^-&
my; i|yka WodyrK foi n,kak'
fuys § mo folla tlg fhfok úg ta mo fol w;r we;s wfkHdakH
iïnkaOh oelaùu i|yd ‘flá br’ fhfoa' tu.ska mo iïnkaO lsÍfï
ld¾hh isÿ fjhs'
Wod( wd¾Ól-iudc ;;a;ajh
ffcj-ridhksl úm¾hdih
iajr-jH[ack jYfhka
iSud foll wka;rh oelaùfï § flá br fhfoa'
Wod( fm'j' 9'00-11'00 olajd
l%s'j' 1505-1948 olajd
msgq wxl 12-17 olajd
,sùfï § fma<shl fl<jfrys we;s moh i|yd bv m%udKj;a fkd jQ
wjia:dj, wjidk mofha b;sß fldgi B<`. fma<sfhys fhfok nj
oelaùug flá br fhfoa'
fufia fjka lr ,súh yels jkafka wl=re y;rla fyda Bg jeä wl=re
ixLHdjla we;s mo mu‚' y,a wl=rla fojeks fma<shg tk fia mo fjka
lsÍu kqiqÿiq h'
Wod( jerÈ ksjerÈ
kdgH l,dfjka o ksoiq- kdgH l,dfjka o kso--ka ''' -iqka'''
fjrf<ys fn,a,ka weys¢- fjrf<ys fn,a,ka weys-- kakl= ''' -¢kakl='''
161160 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
Wmqgd .;a m%ldYhl fyda mdGhl fyda l;=jrhd oelaùfï § o flá br fhfoa'
Wod( flar, rch;a iïnkaOj uyd lú l=udrka wdYdka wkqiaurK
iNdj úiska msßkuk úYaj iïudkh Ndr .ekSug 1983 wfm%a,a ui
ud ;srejkaÈrï k.rhg .sh wjia:dfõ uu lu,d odia uy;añh uqK
.eiqfKñ'
-tÈßùr irÉpkaø
iqfoda iqÿ je j,dl=f<ks
wehs fï is,a .;a;d jeks
u`.=,g l¿ fkd ksis neúks
th ye/ wms huq fu fjisks
-l=udr;=x. uqksodi
we, br ^$&
úl,amhla fyda f;aÍula ^jrKhla& fyda oelaùug isÿ jk wjia:dj, §
we, br fhfoa'
Wod( uy;d$uy;añh$fuKúh
‘<uhska’ hkq Wla; rEm$wkqla; rEm kdu mohls'
YsIHhd mdvu lshjhs$lshj;s'
,>q$¨yq$y%iaj$flá
fo;s; ^(&
ksoiqka ms‚i fyda úia;r lrkq ms‚i fyda lreKq lSmhla bÈßm;a
lsÍfï § ‘fo;s;’ fhfoa'
Wod( ;%smsgl O¾uh: iQ;%" úkh" wNsO¾u
iajr: ,>q" .=re
kHIaál mjq,: wïud" ;d;a;d" orefjda
161160 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ie'hq': meñfKk úg fm<fmd;a o /f.k tkak'
c,c me<Eá hkqfjka ye¢kafjkafka c,fha jefvk me<Eá j¾. hs'
ksoiqka: l=uqÿ" Èh ynr," Èh fnr,sh
.‚; m%ldYkhl wkqmd;hla ,shd oelaùfï § “fo;s;” fhfoa'
w;a Wojqlrejd iy fmof¾rejd w;r uqo, fnÿfKa 2:3 wkqmd;hg h'
ixjdohla ,shd oelaùfï § o “fo;s;” fhfoa'
iqmamd foaú: fm%aujka; orefjks ud ys¢kq lka fhdud''
isxyndyq: lsï o uE‚hks Tn fï mjik jokd'''
m%ldY l< fyda i|yka l< fyda lreKq oelaùfï § o ‘fo;s;’ fhfoa'
ta nuqKd jy - jyd u Èj f.k f.dia fiakdj ueog mek fufia lshd
,S h: “wehs@ l=ula lshuq o@ uu f.dúhd mq;= fkd jekafoñ'”
flá br" we, br yd fo;s; hk úrdu ,l=Kq ksjerÈj Ndú; lrkakg
bf.k .ksuq'
PB162 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,sÅ; wNHdi
iqÿiq úrdu ,laIK fhdoñka kej; ,shkak'
1' Oïñl pñkao kue;s YsIHhd YsIHdj mdi,a lÓl ;r.fhka m%:u
fojk f;jk ia:dkh Èkd .;af;a h
2' ,x . u ,xld .ukd .uk uKav,h
3' l¿ydñ fudlo fï flda wiamhd ñksyd yïn jqfKa keoao
l¿ wmamq yïn jqKd lklr nvq WfUka ykao uu;a fudkj yß
fokak tmdhe
4' yd yd yß ydjd lef,a ueÈka wdjd
ysgef.k .Õ .djd jg msg weye ,Ejd
5' j÷frda .iska .ig mek w;= b;s o¨ lkakg mgka .;ay
6' Èkqï merÿï fol u ueoy;a is;ska bjikak
7' .=;a;s,fha 277 310 lú mdvï lrkak
8' ,o mia u,a iqÿ wn iuka lel=¿ iqkaiy,a ú<| B;K
;K ìiai b;d nyq,j ;K jevqKq ìu
ksi¾.fhka u Wm;ska u
wdiajdoh ri ú| .ekSu
9' mskalsßhj;a lshjk ,shkafkda fufia lSy foajhka jykai wo
olajd kqU jykafia tlla wvq úydr ishhla lrjQy
10' ta uqo, Tjqka fofokd w;r 2 3 wkqmd;hg fnod fok ,È
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' Tn okakd tla tla úrdu ,laIKh ne.ska f.k fm<fmd; weiqfrka
tajdg WodyrK fidhkak'
2' mqj;am;a lshjd úrdu ,laIK fhÿKq mdG fidhd fmd;l w,jkak'
3' ta ta ;Srefjys úrdu ,laIKh" úrdu ,laIKfha ku yd WodyrKh
we;=<;a lr igyka mqjrejla ilid mka;s ldurfha m%o¾Ykh
lrkak'
4' úrdu ,l=Kq .ek ie,ls,su;a fjñka ixjdo lshjkak'
163PB fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
mqia;ld,h jQ l,s fmd;a-m;a iÕrd we;=¿ f;dr;=re uQ,dY%h ;ekam;a
lr we;s iA:dkh ^mqia;l¬wd,h}mqia;ld,h& hs' b;d È.= b;sydihlg
Wreulï lshk fuu mqia;ld, w;S;fha y÷kajd we;af;a fmd;a.=,
f,i h' wo jk úg fmd;am;a muKla fkd j úoHq;a iÕrd" mß.Kl lD;s
wdÈ úúO jQ kùk udÈ,sfha f;dr;=re uQ,dY%h ;ekam;a lr we;s ;ekla
njg mqia;ld,h m;aj ;sfí' tfyhska lshùug muKla fkd j weiSug yd
keröug mjd wo kùk mqia;ld, ;=< § yelshdj mj;S' úúO m%udKfha
fuka u" úúO wruqKq iys; mqia;ld, o oelsh yels h' uyck mqia;ld,"
mdi,a mqia;ld," wdh;ksl mqia;ld, yd fm!oa.,sl mqia;ld, jYfhka
úúO j¾.fha mqia;ld, wo wmg oel .; yels w;r cd;sl mqia;ld,
^National Library& mj;skafka tla rglg tlla mu‚' Y%S ,xldfõ cd;sl
mqia;ld,h fld<U 7 ksoyia udjf;ys msysgd we;'
mqia;ld,hl fmd;a tla tla úIhh wkqj j¾. lr ;eîfï l%uhla ;sfí'
th äú oYu j¾.SlrKh f,i ye¢kafõ' fï mdvu mqia;ld, mßyrKh
ms<sn|j idlÉPd flfrkakls'
mqia;ld,hg msh k.uq 21
165164 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
úúO úIhhka hgf;a j¾. lrk ,o fndfydA oekqï iïNdrhka
mqia;ld,fhys .nvd lr ;sfí' ud¾áka úl%uisxy uy;d mjik mßÈ
we;eï úg ukqIHfhla jir ishhla Ôj;a jqj o ,nd .; fkd yels
oekqï iïNdrhla iy w;aoelSï f.dkakla tla fmd;la lshùfuka ,o
yels fjhs' f,dAlh ch .;af;da fndfyduhla lshùfuka Èúh ire lr
.;af;dA fj;s' fY%AIAG isxy, .;al;=jreka fndfydauhla u Bg WodyrK
f,i yqjd oelaúh yels h' mdi,a mqia;ld,h bf.kqug f;dA;ekakla
fjhs' l=vd l, lshùu yqre jQ úg th l%ufhka mqreoaolaj Tn iu. u
jefvhs'
y;ajeks fY%A‚h Ndr .=re;=ñh mka;shg meñK y;ajeks yd wgjeks ld,
mßÉfþo fol mqia;ld,h i|yd fjka l< nj;a tys f.dia lshùug
iQodkï jk f,i;a isiqkag oekajQjd h' Tjqkaf.A reÑ wreÑlï wkqj
lshùug wjia:dj i,id §u .=re;=ñhf.a wruqK úh' mka;sfha isiqkaf.ka
weh tA .ek úuiqjd h' mka;s kdhl iqër mejiqfõ tla tla l;=jrhd
,shQ fmd; ne.ska f;dard f.k lshùu fyd| nj h' isiqyq l;=jreka lsysm
fofkl=f.a kï y~ k.d lSfjda h' “wms ud¾áka úl%uisxy" l=udr;=x.
uqksodi" tia' uyskao ysñ" à' î' b,x.r;ak" Ô' î' fiakdkdhl hk
l;=jrekaf.a fmd;a f;dard .ksuq” <uhs ish,af,da u m%ldY lf<da h'
mqia;ld,hg f.dia wiqka .;a isiqyq ufvd,a¥j" wfma.u" ySkaierh"
y;amK" uÕ=,alEu" ksoyfia uka;%h" wU hy¿fjdA iy r;a y÷ka rEmh
hk fmd;a f;dArd .;ay' lshùu mgka .ekSug fmr .=re;=ñh isiqka
weu;=jd h' lshùu w;HjYH nj;a lshùfuka m%fhdack rdYshla ,nd
.; yels nj;a weh fmkajd ÿkakd h' lshjd f.k hk w;r;=r is;a .;a"
jeo.;a isoaê" m%Odk pß; fydA l;=jrhd wdÈ lreKq igyka lr .ekSu
o b;d jeo.;A nj;a .=re;=ñh lSjd h' YsIHhkag ;ud leu;s fmd;a wod<
rdlal fj; f.dia f;dard .ekSug .=re;=ñh yd mqia;ld,hdêm;s;=ñh
iydh jQy' tla tla j¾. hgf;a mqia;ld,fha fmd;a wiqrd ;nd we;s
wdldrh tys § YsIHhkaf.a wjOdkhg fhduq úh'
tla tla mqoa.,hdf.a oekqï uÜgï yd lshùfï reÑh úúO jk w;r
lshjd ,nd .kakd úkaokh o úúO uÜgïj, mj;S' isiqyq tlsfkldf.a
165164 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
reÑh wkqj fmd;a f;dard f.k lshjkakg mgka .;ay' jeo.;a lreKq
ish igyka fmd;aj, ,shd .ekSug o Tjqyq wu;l fkd l<y' fmd;a
lshùfuka miq tajd Bg wod< kshñ; ia:dkfha ;eîug o .=re;=ñhf.ka
Wmfoia ,eì‚' mqia;ld,hdêm;sksh ta i|yd Tjqkag iydh jQjd h'
kjl;d" flál;d" mska;+r l;d" lú fmd;a fuka u úúO úIhhkag
wod< w;sf¾l lshùï fmd;a tla tla rdlalj, fjk fjk u ms<sfj<g
wiqrd ;sîu isiqkaf.a wjOdkhg kej;;a fhduq úh' mdi,a ld, mßÉfþo
folla fmd;a m;a mßYS,kh l< isiqka" ta ld,h w¾:j;aj Ndú; lsÍu
.ek mka;s Ndr .=re;=ñh i;=gg m;a jQjd h' mqia;ld,h ;=< .; l<
ld,fhka ;uka ,nd .;a m%fhdack isxy, wNHdi fmdf;a ,shk f,i
weh isiqkag oekajQjd h'
isiqka wNHdi fmd;aj, “mqia;ld,fhka ,nd .;a m%fhdack fudkjd o@” hk m%Yakhg ms<s;=re ,shd ;sì‚' .=re;=ñh isxy, ld, mßÉfþofha §
tlsfkldf.ka lreKq f.k idlÉPdj fufyhjQjd h' “iqër ,nd .;a
m%fhdackhla lshkak” .=re;=ñh lSjd h' “uu ufvd,a ¥j kjl;dj
lshjd úkaokhla ,enqjd'” Tyq lSfõh' ‘fmd;la ksjerÈj mßyrKh
lsÍug yqrej ,enqjd’h hs nqoaêl lSfõ h' “w¨;a oekqu ,nd .ekSug;a"
oekqu .fõIKh lsÍug;a" úuid n,d ;SrKh lsÍug;a wjfndaOhla
,enqjd” iqër lSfõ h' .=re;=ñh isiqkaf.a ms<s;=re we.hSug ,la l<d h'
“wms úfõlh m%fhdackj;aj .; lsÍug mqreÿ jqKd” isiqyq tl y`äka lSy'
isiqka mqia;ld,h fj; f.k f.dia fmd;a mßYS,khg fhduq lsÍfuka
wfmalaIs; wruqK bgq ùh hs .=re;=ñh i;=gq jQjd h'
B<Õ i;sfha mqia;ld,hg fjka jQ ld, mßÉfþoh .=re;=ñh fjka lr
.;af;a mqia;ld,h mßyrKh lsÍfuka oekqu ,nd fmd;a m;a ,shQ W.;=ka
.ek úia;r lshd §ug h'
“<uhs wms wo l;d lrkafka fld<U uyck mqia;ld,fhA we;s fmd;a
ish,a, u lshjd oekqu ,nd .;a W.;l= jk Ô' î' fiakdkdhl uy;d
.ek hs' ;u mshdf.a wNdjfhka miqj mdi,a .uk w;r u. k;r jQ
miq Tyqf.a mdi, njg m;a jQfha fld<U uyck mqia;ld,h hs' Tyq
ish fm!oa.,sl w;aoelSï úksúÈñ w÷r kue;s lD;sfha úia;r lrkjd'
;udf.a weia fol u wkaOj isáh §;a úúO ud;Dld .ek ,nd we;s
oekqu Tiafia .,d wd is;sú,s ish fidfydhqßh iy wef.a ÿj ,jd
PB166 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,shjd Tyq .%ka: 16la u t<soelajQjd' flál;d fmd;a y;rla ldjH
.%ka: ;=kla pß;dmodk ;=kla t;=ud rpkd l<d' ‘uf.a úYajúoHd,h
uyck mqia;ld,h hehs’ m%ldY l< t;=ud tys ;snQ fmd;a úis mkaoyila
muK uq,a ld,fha § u lsfhõjd' Ôú;fha wjidk ld,fha § fofk;a
wkaO jqj;a ,sùu w;ayeßfha kE' t;=ud ;=< ;snQ wm%;sy; ffO¾hh;a
mqia;ld,h mßyrKh lsÍfuka ,enQ oekqu;a .%ka: ks¾udKh lsÍfï
fl!Y,Hh;a ksid u" Tyq iod wkqiaurŒh f,aLlfhla' óg wu;rj
ud¾ákA úl%uisxy" iy l=udr;=x. uqksodi ms<sn|j;a Tnf.A wjOdkh
fhduq l< hq;= hs” lshñka .=re;=ñh isiqka iu. l< idlÉPdj wjika
l<d h'
“mqia;ld,hg msh k.uq”Z hk fuu mdvu lshùfuka “lshùu ñksid
iïmQ¾K lrhs” hk lshuk i;Hhla nj Tng jegfykq we;' mdif,a
§ w¾:j;aj" M,odhs f,i ld,h .; l< yels fyd| u ;ek mdi,a
mqia;ld,h nj Tn is; ;=< OdrKh lr .kak'
wjfndaOh
1' mqia;ld,h mßyrKh lsÍfï § ie,lsh hq;= lreKq ;=kla ,shkak'
2' mqia;ld,h mßyrKh lsÍfuka ,efnk m%fhdack y;rla ,shkak'
3' mqqia;ld,hl fmd;a wiqrd ;nk ms<sfj< ilia jkafka l=ula mokï
lr f.k o@
4' Ô' î' fiakdkdhlf.a lD;shla mdvfuka Wmqgd olajkak'
5' Ô' î' fiakdkdhl ish úYajúµd,h f,i ye¢kajQ wdh;kh l=ula o@
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' Tn leu;s f,aLlhl=f.a fmd;a kdudj,shla ilia lrkak'
2' f,aLl kdudj,shla ilia lr Tjqka úiska ,shd we;s .%ka: olajd
fmd;a msxpla idokak'
167PB fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
f;dmams fjf<kaod
kdgHh hkq fõÈldjla u; lsishï msgm;lg wkqj rÕ oelafjk" wid
iy n,d ri ú¢h yels ks¾udKhls' <uhska i|yd u <uhskag .e<fmk
f;audjla mdol lr f.k <uhskag .e<fmk wdldrhg ieliqKq kdgH"
<ud kdgH f,i ye¢kafõ'
fuu mdvu ilia lr we;af;a fidau,;d iqnisxyf.a ^1936---¡2015& f;dmams
fjf<kaod kdgHfha msgm; weiqfrks' mqfrda.dó <ud kdgH rÑldjl jk
fidau,;d iqnisxy l;kaor folla ^1979&" úlD;s ^1992&" mqxÑ wmg oeka
f;afrhs ^1998&" r;au,S" j,ia mjq," ysu l=ußh ^2000& wdÈ kdgH rdYshla
ks¾udKh lr we;'
f;dmams fjf<kaod kdgHhg mokï ù we;af;a m%lg ck l;djls' tu
l;dfõ rij;a isÿùï weiqfrka kdgHuh wjia:d ks¾udKh lr we;s
wdldrh wmQre h'
tn÷ l;djla fyda isÿùula fyda weiqfrka kdgH msgm;la rpkd lsÍug
Tng o yels h' tA i|yd uÕ fmkaùula o fï mdvfuka Tng ,efnkq we;'
22
169168 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
^f;dmams fjf<kaodf.a f.or" ìß| f;dmams" l+vhg wvqla lsÍug f;dmams
fjf<kaodg Wojq lrñka isáhs' ÿj iy mq;d .,a lsrñka isá;s'&
f;dmams fjf<kaod
^isxÿj& - f;dmams fjf<kafola fï ux
f;dmams yod f.k fï ux
,iaik l+fvl wvqla lrd f.k
f;dmams l+vhla ysfia ;shd f.k
.ñka .ug .uka .f;hs'
f;dmams æ f;dmams ææ f;dmams æææ
ux yodmq f;dmams
mdg mdg f;dmams
mqxÑ mq;dghs ÿjghs fokakg
i,a,s f.jd fi,a,ï nvq .kakg
biafldaf,a fmd;a mekai,a .kakg
.ñka .ug - .uka .f;hs'
f;dmams æ f;dmams ææ f;dmams æææ
ljqo .kafka f;dmams'''æææ
mdg mdg f;dmams'''ææ
yß ,dnhs f;dmams'''æ
ÿjhs" mq;hs - f;dmams fjf<kafola ;d;a;
f;dmams yod f.k ;d;a;
,iaik l+fvl wvqla lrd f.k
f;dmams l+vh;a ysfia ;shd f.k
msßi - wïud yod ÿka n;auq, wrf.k
.ñka .ug - .uka .f;hs'
ÿjhs" mq;hs - mqxÑ wmg fi,a,ï nvq .kakg
mdie,a fmd;a mekai,a wr.kakg
lEug îug i,a,s fidhkakg
.ñka .ug .uka .f;hs
msßi - f;dmams æ f;dmams æ f;dmams æææ
ljqo .kafk f;dmams'''æææ
yß ,dnhs f;dmams''' æ
169168 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
fjf<kaod ksjiska kslau fõÈldfõ jghla hhs'
oeka Tyq .ïueoafoka .uka .kshs'
fjf<kaod - mqxÑ ÿjg fmdä mq;dg
wõj jeiai fkd oefkkakg
yevg jevg .uka hkag
ux yodmq f;dmams .kak
f;dmams $$$
mqxÑ <ufhla - ^ÿj tñka&
f;dmams æ fï f;dmams ææ
fï f.akak f;dmams æ
wïfï" wïfï" f;dmams æ
wrka fokak f;dmams ææ
fjf<kaod - ^l+vh ysfika ìug nd&
tkak tkak - nnd tkak
fukak fukak - fï n,kak
jeä ñ, kE - .c ,dnhs
yevhs" yevhs - f;dmams ææ
<uhd - wfka wïfï - fï n,kak
fï f;dmams - yß ,iaik
odf.k biafldaf, hkak
fï f;dmams wrka fokak'
<uhdf.a wïud - fï <ufhda kslx bkak
wmrdfoa weo, odkafk
´j WUg wrka fokak
ud <Õ ñ, uqo,a fldhs o@
fjf<kaod - wfka lula kE ydñfka
mqxÑ whf. wdidj fk
yd æ yd ææ yd æææ .kak .kak
leu;s tlla f.k n,kak
ug kE lsis lrorhla
nnd,dg - ´k yeáh"
171170 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
f;dar,d - we|, n,,
i;=gq jkak' - ñ,g .kak
i,a,s ke;;a - od, n,,
i;=gq jkak'
wïud - ^f;dmamshla w;g f.k mÍlaId lrñka&
lSh o fï f;dmams @
.Kka o fï f;dmams @
fjf<kaod - mkï y;hs - .c ,dnhs æ
yeu tlla u - tl u ñ,hs
wïud - mkï y;la kï jeähs fjf<kaod
mkï folla j;a jà o ukaod æ
ug kï kE fïjdj, w.hla
fï <uhf. lrorh ñila'
^.eyeksh f;dmamsh wdmiq l+vhg oud <uhd;a w;ska
weo f.k hkag hhs'&
fjf<kaod - mkï folla æ
yß l;dj
fïl yod .kag;a ug
mkï myla úhoï
Tfydu ;uhs oeka ldf,a
fndfydu ysÕhs ñksiaiqkag
fldfydu jqK;a W;aidyh
lEu fõ, msßuykag
fufyu foag fldfy uqo,a o @
fïjd ldf.a jerÈ o @
^fjf<kaod f;dmams l+vh f.k fõÈldj jfÜg .uka
lrhs'&
ljqre;a kE f;dmams .kafk
wo kE lsis jdis ,enqfK
tyd f.dfâ b|,d ux
mhska .uka lr,d ug
171170 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
f;fyÜgqjhs msmdihhs
ñi kE ug fjk jdis
br uqÿkg wdjd - mdr;a r;a jQjd
ug uykais jQjd - nv .skak;a wdjd
^fjf<kaod fyd| fijKe;s .ila olshs&
fjf<kaod - fyd| yeá w;= úys§ .sh
.ila wef;a
iq<Õ isis,a lrkd
Èh we<la wef;a
fu;ek wf.hs ug úvd yßkagd
.il isis,a fijKla ,en .kagd
wi,ska nei hk wr we< fj;gd
f.dia yels fjhs ug Èh kd.kagd'
wy, my, lsisjl= ke;=jd foda
.ula f;dgla fndfyd
wE;l fõfoda
f;dmams l+vh /l .; yels foda
u|la wei mshd úvd yßñ foda
^.dhkd lrk úg fjf<kaod th wNsrEmKh lrhs&
msßi - f;dmams fjf<kaod uykais - u. yßkak fj,d ydkais
ys;,d Tyq f;dmams l+fv - ysiska ìug .;a;d'
f.dia we< fj; Èhg keó
isis,a Èfhka uqyqK f;ud"
Èh isis,hs ks,amdghs
Èh kdkakg Tyqg ysf;hs
we÷ï Wkd f.däka ;nd
we<g neid cnqka .id
Èh mSkd f.k kdkd
úvd f.diska is; msreKd
f.dvg weú;a we÷ï we|ka
mqxÑ mq;hs" mqxÑ ÿjhs
Wojq lr, ìß| ye¥
n;auq, f.k ,syd n,d
i;=áka th lkafka'
173172 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
fjf<kaod - isxy, ydf,a n;l=hs
fmd,a iïn,a yßu rihs
j;af; .fyka lv, Whmq
fmdf,dia weUq, yß lÈuhs
msßi - n;auq, yß ri jQfha - ri kyßka mskd .sfha
úvdj u. yeÍ .sfha - fmdâvla ksÈu; jQfha
jg msg ne¨jd - lsisjl= ke;=jd
f;dmams l+fv .i - uq,ska u ;enqjd
fjf<kaod - wy, my, lsisjl= kE fmakag
yels ug we, ù álla ksokakg
f;dmams l+fv ud <Õska ;shd f.k
tl f;dmamshlska uQK jid f.k
^.dhkd lrk w;r f;dmams fjf<kaod wNsrEmKh
lrhs&
msßi - br t<sfhka wei jid ksokakg
tl f;dmamshlska uQK jid f.k
f;dmams l+vhla <Õska ;shd f.k
wei mshd .kS .i hg je;sÍ f.k'
^fjf<kaodg kskao hhs' túg u .iaje,aj, t,a,S meoa§
tk j÷re /<la t;kg lvd jefghs'&
msßi - ^.dhkd lr;s' j÷frda kg;s' mskqï .i;s" TkaÑ,s
mÈ;s" fi,a,ï lr;s'&
;kï fokd ;ï fokd ;kï fok
;kï fokd ;fk kd f;hs $$
.iska .ig mek
,e.=ï fidhd f.dia $$
fld< o¨ m,;=re
wkqNj lrñka $$
173172 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
lrkï w,a,d - TxÑ,s meo,d
fi,a,ï lrñka - Wiq¿ úiq¿fjka
oji f.jkakd - j÷re rxpqjla
t;ekg wdjd $$
lrkï w,a,d - irlia mEjd
Wiq¿ úiq¿fjka - úfkdao jQjd
;kï fokd ;fkkd f;hs
.i hg ksokd - f;dmams fjf<kaod $$
oel oeka j÷rka - l,n, ù,d
fyñysg fyñysg <x ù - tìlï lr ne¨jd'
1 jeks j÷rd - wefÕa uú,a yß fmdâvhs
frÈ lvu¨ T;d wef;hs
uú,a ke;;a"
j,s. ke;;a"
yßhg j÷frla u jf.hs æ
msßi - jfgka jfgka tnqKd
úmrï lr ne¨jd
yß mqÿuhs æ
f,dl= mekhla ææ
1 jeks j÷rd - wuq;= j÷re rd, flfkla
3 jeks j÷rd - ux wy, ;sfhkj nx"
fï f,daflg"
j÷re l=f,a tkag l,ska
ysáh lsh,"
ñksiaiq lsh,d i;a;= æ
4 jeks j÷rd - Wkag j,s. ;snqfK ke;s¨"
uú,a ;snqfK yß fmdâv¨'
1 jeks j÷rd - yaï æ
uQg msiaiq
wmg miafia Wka wdfõ
wmshs biaißka u wdfõ' $$
175174 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
5 jeks j÷rd - Wkag lEu wvq yskaod
j,sf. ke;s¨
uú,a wvq¨
msßi - ^.dhkd lr;s' j÷frda wNsrEmKh lr;s'&
mskqula .eyqjd - yQjla lSjd'
.fya t,a¨Kd - TxÑ,s meoaod
ljqoehs is;=jd'
6 jeks j÷rd - mrlal= ù wd yskaod
Wkag ke;s¨ j,s. ,enqfK
Wkag ke;s¨ uú,a ,enqfK
3 jeks j÷rd - tA WKdg
fudf<a jeä¨
1 jeks j÷rd - fudf<ka we;s jefâ fudlla o@
iS;f,ag fmfrhshels o@
wmg jf.a fyd|g Wkag
.fyka .yg mkskag nE ''''
6 jeks j÷rd - ^lrkula .id&
lrkï w,a,kakg nE ''''
4 jeks j÷rd - f.j,a ke;=j bkakg nE'
3 jeks j÷rd - fmdf<dfj ñila hkakg nE'
2 jeks j÷rd - we÷ï ke;=j iS;,hs ¨'
4 jeks j÷rd - tA yeáhg wms ''''
ish,af,da u - ymkakq
1 jeks j÷rd - wmshs biaißka u wdfõ'
Wka wdfõ wmg miafia'
4 jeks j÷rd - WU,f. jdfoa kj;a;m,a,d
W! .ek fidh,
n,kak jfr,a,d'
175174 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
msßi - ^j÷frda wNsrEmKh lr;s&
T¨j lid,d is;ñka"
j,s.h w,a,d n,ñka"
flia mef<kak ;rug oeka"
j÷frda l,amkd lr;s'
tld tld jdo lr;s'
kej;;a Wka lsÜgq lr;s"
f;dmams fjf<kaodf. <Õg'
úuis,af,ka úmrï lr"
f;dmams l+fv weo, n,;s'
.i hg ksokd i;df. T¨fõ
;shkd f;dmamsh
fyd| yeá ne¨fõ'
f;dmams oeuQ j÷rd .cmy fõ'
;ukq;a ysi f;dmamsh od ne¨fõ'
j÷frda - wdhs æ wdhs æææ
yß cd;s
yevhs jevhs - yß m%S;shs'''
msßi - f;dmams oud.;a j÷frda $$
m%S;sfhka mskd .sfhda
tld tld yev ne¨fjda
ikaf;daiska msÍ .sfhda
f;dmams oud .;a j÷frda
m%S;sfhka mskd .sfhda
hi kegqï kegQ j÷frda
uy yçka iskdiqfKda
^j÷frda iskdfi;s&
tA yçka fjf<kaod" - .i hg Wka ks|d"
weyeßfha ;s.eiaiS" - y~ fldfyka úuiS'
^fjf<kaod weyefrhs' uú; ù n,hs&
fjf<kaodg yß mqÿuhs' - yß wmQre j÷re /<la
mdg mdg f;dmams oeuQ" - j÷re /<la
177176 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
fjf<kaod - isyskhla j;a foda - fudk wreuhla foda'
msßi - fo weia msi yer n,d
uú; ù ke.sÜgd"
ysia l+fv ÿgqjd'
fjf<kaod - ^l+vh oel ta foig mksñka&
uf.a wmafmda æ
l+vh ysia ææ
msßi - fjf<kaodg oeka jegyq‚'
Wkag f;dmams fldfyka ,enq‚'
l+fv msß, f;dmams ;snq‚'
oeka l+vh ysiaj ;snq‚'
oeka l+vh ysiaj ;snq‚'
fjf<kaodg tf,dj fmkq‚'
fjf<kaod - fmdä mq;dg
fmdä foda‚g
fmd;a m;a .kafka fldfydu o@
fi,a,ï nvq .kafka fldfydu o@
msßi - f;dmams fjf<kaod ÿmam;a
úh oeka wkaÿka l=kaÿka'
fjf<kaod ysg .;a;d æ
j÷frda nh jqKd æ
f;dmams od .;a .uka
.y Wvg ke.a.d ææ
fjf<kaod - oeka fldfydu o - f;dmams .kafka @
f;dmams ke;sj - fldfydu hkafka @
fmdä mq;dg fmdä foda‚g
fi,a,ï nvq - fldfydu .kafk @
fmd;a mekai,a
fldfydu .kafka @
msßi - l,n, jQ fjf<kaod
tydg weúoaod" fuydg weúoaod
oE;a ysfia .id .;a;d' - tfy Èõjd" fufy Èõjd
177176 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
msiaiq jeys,d jf. Èõjd'
j÷rka ál ìug neiaid'
j,s.h ke;s i;d lrmq" - yeu fohla u Tjqka l<d'
fldam jQ fjf<kaod - tfy Èõjd fufy Èõjd
tal oelmq j÷frda o - tfy Èõjd fufy Èõjd
l=ula lrï foda - fkd o;a fjf<kaod"
ta mi ne¨jd fï mi ne¨jd
tA ÿgq j÷frda o tfia u flrejd'
tA mi ne¨jd fï mi ne¨jd'
k<f,a w; .y .;a úg
fjf<kaod
j÷frd;a k<f,a w; .y .;a;d
oE;a bKg .;a l, tA fjf<kaod
j÷frd;a ish oE;a bKg u .;a;d'
fjf<kaod - yß lreuhla fka" - fïl hi jevla fka"
j÷re fldf,dmamula'
uf.a f;dmams fydrlï lr"
ug l< yÈ uÈjg uqx
Wiq¿ úiq¿ md,d - fldf,dmamula mgka .;a;d'
lrkakï fld lÈu jevla" - ll=,a lv, odkjd ux
msßi - ^.dhkd lrk úg k¿fjda wNsrEmKh lr;s&
fjf<kaod ;ry f.k" - tfy n,d fufy n,d"
f,dl= .,la w;g f.k" - j÷rkag .eyqjd'
ta ÿgq j÷frda o"
tfy n,d"
fufy n,d"
.,a fidhd w;g f.k
fjf<kaodg .eyqjd"
fï jk úg fjf<kaodg - jegyqfKa ldrfKa
j÷rka lrkafka - Tyqj wkqlrKhla ñi
fldf,dmamï fkd fjhs'
^w;sYh ú,ïn ,fhka foaYkd ffY,sfhka .dhkd
flf¾'&
179178 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ikaiqka jQ fjf<kaodg
f;dmams kej; ,nd .kak
fyd| kqjKla my< jqfKa'
;u ysi u; oud ''''
;snQ f;dmamsh fj;g ''''
hjd ;u w; fyñka ''''
th w;g .;a;d ''''
ta úg j÷frda o ´x"
w;a hjd f;dmams fj;"
;u ;uka ysi ;snqKq
f;dmams .;af;da w;ska'
fjf<kaod tA .uk"
lsÜgq lr l+vhg"
;u w; jQ f;dmamsh
l+vhg oeïud'
j÷frda o tA .uk
lsÜgq lr l+vhg
;u w; jQ f;dmams f.k
l+vhg oeïud'
fjf<kaodg yß i;=gqhs
l+fv msß, f;dmams wef;hs $$
jyd mekak l+fv fj;g - .;a; ú.i l+fv ysig
bvla fkd § j÷rkayg - yks ykslg Èõj tmsg
miq fkd n,d Èõjd tmsg
mekak j÷frd tA ú.ig"
f;dmams l+fv ;snqKq ;ekg"
l+fv;a kE ''''
f;dmams;a kE ''''
l=ula jq‚ o '''' f;areï kE ''''
jg msg n,kafka
l+fv wrka wE; ÿjk"
fjf<kaod olskafka'
179178 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
^wE; hk fjf<kaod foi u|la fj,d n,d isg
fiñka bÈßhg yefrk j÷frda ''''&
j÷frda - 1 yß æ yß ææ yß æææ
W! '''' ñksfyla ''''æ
2 yßhg yß '''' ñksfyla æ
3 j,sf. ke;;a"
4 uú,a ke;;a"
5 fudf<a wef;a'
ish,af,da u - ñksfyla ''''æ
^túg u fjf<kaod b;d ch.%dyS ú,difhka t;ekska
hkakg ths'&
fjf<kaod - f;dmams æ f;dmams ææ f;dmams ææ
wjfndaOh
1' f;dmams fjf<kaod kdgHfha fjf<kaodf.a pß; ,laIK fudkjd o@
2' ñksia pß; yd i;a;aj pß; ksrEmKfha § tys fjki fmkaùug
l;=jßh fhdod we;s Ys,am l%u fudkjd o@
3' j÷rka f;dmams fjf<kaodf.a ÿgq fjkialï fudkjd o@
4' j÷rkaf.ka f;dmams wdmiq ,nd .ekSug fjf<kaod fh¥ Wmdh
l=ula o@
5' “i;=ka w;=frka ñksid kqjKlaldr i;l= nj fï kdgHfhka
wjOdrKh flf¾'” fï ms<sn| Tfí woyia ,shkak'
181180 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' f;dmams .kakg wd <uhdf.a wïud" fjf<kaod iu. jQ foni Tfí
jpkfhka ,shkak'
2' fjf<kaod ksod .;a wdldrh l;=jßh mjikafka flfia o@
3' ñksid j÷rdf.ka fjkia jQ yeá olsk j÷rka w;r mej;s foni
,shkak'
4' kdfgHdaÑ; wjia:d folla kdgHfhka Wmqgd ,shkak'
<ud kdgH ^msgm;a& rpkh
<uhskaf.a fm!reI j¾Okhg" nqoaê j¾Okhg fuka u" udkj ohdfjka
fyì mqrjeishl= ùug wjYH moku ilia lsÍug o odhl jk m%n, u
udOHhls" <ud kdgH'
kdgHhl fm< lshjd ri ú¢h yels h' kdgHh krUd ri ú¢h yels
h' wid isg o ri ú¢h yels h' kdgHh hkq wkqlrKh hs' tkï ;j;a
flfkl= wkqlrKh lsÍuls'
kdgHhla i|yd m%Odk jYfhka msgm;la ;sìh hq;= h' th kdgHh fm<
kï fõ' fï mdvug we;=<;a jQfha f;dmams fjf<kaod kdgHfha fm< hs'
kdgHhl fm< .oH úh yels h' moH úh yels h' .µ mµ foflys
ñY%Khla o úh yels h' fm< rpkd lrkafka fonia uÕsks' l;djla
f;dard f.k th isÿ jk yeá fonia u.ska oelaùfuks'
k¿ ks<shkaf.a m%fhdackh i|yd msgmf;ys rx. úOdk ;sìh hq;= h'
Wod (- jghla f.dia n,d
l+vh ìu ;nd
kdgHfhys we;=<;a jk mµ fldgia fhda.H ix.S; ;d, wkqj .dhkd
flf¾'
181180 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' fï foni lshjkak' tjeks fonila ,shkak'
,nq je,( jevqKq uy f,dl=jg
lSh o jhi ;uqfig
ls;=,a .i( wyk tl mqÿu h
oeka ug jhi mky h
,nq je,( ug udi yhl=;a
ojia y;rls ;ju;a
ls;=,a .i( Tn nd, nj uu
oek f.k isáñ fyd|g u
,nq je,( ke;;a jhila ug
Wi fjñ Tfí ;rug
ug fuka blaukg
yefokakg neß fudlo ;uqfig
ls;=,a .i( blaukg yeÿfKd;a
tA blaukska ke;s fj;a
uf. wefÕa fj<s,d
udfika foflka yeÈ,d
Tn fuka ue,ú,d
oyia .Kkla .shd ueß,d
-tia' uyskao ysñ-
2' kdgHfha tk rx. úOdk .ek isiqka iu. idlÉPd lrkak'
3' u,la iy nUrl= w;r we;s jk ixjdohla ,shkak'
4' WoEik mdi,g msg;a jk wjia:dfõ whshd" u,a,S iy Tn w;r isÿ
jk ixjdohla ,shkak'
5' mka;sfha isiqka lKavdhï ;=klg ixúOdkh ù Tn leu;s mqxÑ
l;djla f;dard f.k kdgH msgm;la ,shkak' th rÕ olajkak'
183182 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
hy¿fjda
wdpd¾h B' ví,sõ' wÈldrï hkq ,xldfõ fn!oaO mdi,a /ila wdrïN
lsÍug mqfrda.dó jQ úoajf;ls' mer‚ ,laÈj fn!oaO b;sydih kue;s
ksnkaOh i|yd ,kavka úYajúoHd,fhka wdpd¾h Wmdêh ,enQ wÈldrï"
isxy, úoHd wOHdmk lafIa;%hg o odhl;ajh iemhS h' Tyq úoHdj isxy,
udOHfhka b.ekaùu i|yd mdßNdIsl Yío ud,djla iïmdokhg lghq;=
lf<a wd¾Ól ÿIalr;d fya;=fjka úoHd wOHdmkfha by<g u hEug ;udg
wysñ jQ wjia:dj fndfyda orejkag Wod lr foñks' úoHd fmd;a yd úoHd
iÕrd m%ldYhg m;a lsÍfuka o mqj;am;a ,sms ,sùfuka o .=jkaúÿ,s l;d
meje;aùfuka o Tyq isxy, udOH úoHd wOHdmkhg wkqn, ÿkafka h'
Tyq úiska iïmdokh lrk ,o mdGYd,Sh isxy, YíofldaIh fnfyúka
m%fhdackj;A lD;shls' Tyq mdi,a mßmd,kfha § yd YsIH úkh ixj¾Okfha
§ wysxidjd§ is;=ú,s mokï lr .;af;a h' iduldó f,djla f.dvke.Su
i|yd wdpd¾h wÈldrï úiska lrk ,o fiajh we.hSug tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
ix.ufha YS% ,xld YdLdfjka 1988 § t;=udg idu ;Hd.h msßkuk ,È'
iudcfha Ñka;kh ÈhqKq lsÍfï mrud¾:fhka wdpd¾h wÈldrï úiska
m< lrk ,o is;=ú,s iÕrd ldKav 58ls' tys 41 jk ldKavfhka Wmqgd
.;a l;djla fï mdvug we;=<;a fõ'
23
183182 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
m%sh YsIH YsIHdjks"
Tn ieu fokdg u l=vd hy¿jka we;ehs is;ñ' thska iuyr fofkla
wi,a jeishka jkag mq¿jk" iuyfrla biaflda,fha fyda Tfí mÙla;sfha
u fyda isák <uhska jkag mq¿jk'
l=vd ld,fha iudk jhil <uhska iu. ñ;% ùu <ud jhfiys §
iajdNdúl jYfhka isÿ jk fohls' th ukqIHhdg wjYH fohla hhs o
is;d .ekSug bv ;sfí'
fï iïnkaOfhka l=vd <uqka m¾fhaIKhlg Ndck lr fkdue;s hs'
tfy;a tA fjkqjg l=vd j÷re megjqka wrf.k m¾fhaIK mj;ajd ;sfí'
l=vd ld,fha § iu jhial fjk;a j÷re megjqka iu. fi,a,ï lsÍug
bv fkd ,enqKq j÷re megjq f,dl= jk úg j÷re isß;a úß;a fkd okakd"
j÷re iudchg fkd .e<fmk j÷frda jQy' j÷rd ukqIHhdg fndfyda
fihska lsÜgq iïnkaOlï we;s i;a;ajfhls' tfyhska tA j÷re megjqkag
isÿ jk foa ukqIHhdg;a isÿ fj;sZhs ks.ukh lsÍug bv ;sfí'''
'''l=vd ld,fha § we;s jk ñ;%;ajh fndfyda úg fi,a,ï lsÍu wdÈhg
iSud fjhs' jhiska jefv;a u tA ñ;%hka flfkl=g ke;s ù hkag mq¿jk'
tfy;a ñ;%;ajh fyj;a hy¿ nj l=vd orejdf.a Ôú;fha jeo.;a fldgila
ù jefvkag mq¿jk'
ienE ñ;%;ajh wd;aud¾:fhka fyj;a ;ud .ek u is;Sfuka f;dr jQjls'
ffu;%sh hhs o óg u kuls' “ffu;%s” hk jpkh iE§ ;sfnkafka o
“ñ;%” hkafkka h' l,HdK ñ;%hdf.a iajNdjh fyj;a fyd| ñ;=rl=f.a
.;sh ffu;%sh hs'
wNd.Hhlg fuka fyd| ñ;%;ajh w;sYhska u ÿ¾,N jQ .;shls' th
fma%auh fkd fõ" iafkayh fkd fõ' wdorh hk jpkfha fmdÿ f;areu o
tys ke;' fm%auh;a iafkayh;a" fmdÿ jHjydrfhys mdúÉÑ jk wdorh;a"
wd;aud¾:ldó .;s h" ;ud u uq,a lr f.k we;s jk yeÕSï h' l,HdK
ñ;%;dj fyj;a ffu;%sh tjekakla fkd fõ' tys ;ud h wkqka h hk
fNaohla ke;' l=vd u ld,fha § wïud flfrys o Bg miq fi,a,ï lrk
<uhska flfrys o yg .kakd hd¿lu fkd flf,iS úldYkh jkag
bv yeßh fyd;a kshu ñ;%;ajh ljod fyda flfkl= ;=< úldYkh
185184 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
jkag neß ke;ehs is;Sug mq¿jk' foujqmshka úiska o .=rejreka úiska
o <ufhl=g l< yels f,dl= u fiajh l=vd ld,fha § <ufhl= ;=< yg
.kakd tA u,a fmdfydÜgqj úkdY jkag fkd § wdrlaId lr §u h' tA u,a
fmdfydÜgqfõ msmSu isÿ lr §ug ujqmshkag j;a .=rejrekag j;a fjk
lsisfjl=g j;a kqmq¿jk' l< yelsj ;sfnkafka fkdfhl=;a Wmøjhka
ksid tA lel=< úh<S hkag j;a leã ì£ hkag j;a bv fkd ,efnk fia
wdrlaId lr §u muK h' msmSu mqoa.,hd ;=<ska u isÿ úh hq;a;ls'
fuu idlÉPdj wjika lsÍug l,ska wfma mer‚ fmd;l oelafjk
tla;rd mqj;la .ek i|yka lsÍu iqÿiq hhs is;ñ'
nqÿkajkafia o Wka jykafiaf.a {d;s ifydaorhl= jQ wdkkao yduqÿrejka
jykafia o tla Èkhl ijia Nd.fhys l:d i,a,dmhl fh§ isáhy'
“iajdóks" Wiia u Ôú;fhka foflka mx.=jla l,HdK ñ;%fhl= ùu
hhs is;ñ”hs wdkkao yduqÿrejka jykafia lSfõ ¨' túg nqÿkajykafia
fufia lSfõ h' “tfia fkd lshj wdkkao" tfia fkd lshj wdkkao"
Wiia u Ôú;fhka foflka mx.=jla fkd j iïmQ¾Kfhka u n%yau
pßhdj l,HdK ñ;%;dj jkafka h'”
n%yau hkafkys f;areu b;d u Wiia hkak h' pßhd hkq yeisÍu h'
tfyhska n%yau pßhd hkq b;du Wiia yeisÍu h' n%yau úydr hkq o óg
u iudkd¾: fõ' úydr hkq jdih lsÍu h" Ôj;a ùu h' ffu;%sh fyj;a
ñ;%;dj o fndfyda úg n%yau úydr hk kñka u ye¢ka fõ'
hy¿lu b;d W;=ï fohls' th wd;aud¾:fhka ls<sá l< hq;= fkd fõ'
is;=ú,s ¡ 4jk ldKavh
by; Tn lshjQ ,smsfha ñ;%;ajh ms<sn| wmQre ú.%yhla oelafjhs' ta"
B' ví,sõ' wÈldrï l=vd <uhskag ñ;%;ajh ms<sn| ish woyia m%ldY
l< wdldrh hs' lsishï lreKla ms<sn|j bÈßm;a lrkq ,nk iuia;
meyeÈ,s woyila o¾Ykhla f,i ye¢kaúh yels h' wÈldrï jeä
jYfhka wjOdkh fhduq lf<a <uhska yd ;reK mrmqr hyu. heùug h'
Ñka;lhl= jYfhka Y%S ,xld ck;djf.a Ñka;kfhys fjkila we;s
lsÍfï wruq‚ka Tyq kùk úoHd iÕrdj yd is;=ú,s kï mqia;sld ud,dj
iïmdokh lf<a h' mdrïmßl úYajdi yd weoys,sj,ska wE;a jQ" wdpd¾h
wÈldrï m< l< we;eï woyia ;shqKq u; fNaohg yd úfõpkhg o ,la
185184 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
úh' t;=udg cd;s fNaohla" wd.ï fNaohla fyda mka;s fNaohla fkd ùh'
uq¿ ñksia j¾.hd u tl u cd;shla f,i ie,l+ Tyq j¾.jd§ .egqïj,ska
f;dr iduldó f,djla f.dvke.Su i|yd ksr;=rej lem ù lghq;= lf<a
h' tu Wodr lem ùu fjkqfjka t;=udg lrk ,o Wmydrhla f,i 1980
§ tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ix.ufha Y%S ,xld YdLdj úiska m<uq jrg idu
;Hd.h msßkuk ,È' thska ,enqKq remsh,a oi oyila jákd fplam;
idu lghq;= i|yd fhdod .ekSug Y%S ,xld l%sIaKuQ¾;s uOHia:dkhg
mß;Hd. lf<a h'
wÈldrï;=udf.a wysxidjd§ m%;sm;a;sh rg u okakd lreKls' mdi,a
mßmd,kfha § yd YsIH úkh ixj¾Okfha § Tyq wkq.ukh l< m%;sm;a;s
YsIHhka ;=< wysxidjd§ is;=ú,s frdamKh lsÍug fya;= úh' “Tjd fokq
mryg ;ud iïuf;ys msysgd isg” hk lshuk wl=rg u wkq.ukh l<
t;=ud ;u wúysxidjd§ ms<sfj; l%shdfjka u ikd: lf<a h' fidnd
oyug mßirhg we¨ï l< t;=ud ;ud o tys fldgila f,i ie,l=fõ h'
wÈldrï;=ud úiska ,shk ,o f,aLkj,ska yd mj;ajk ,o foaYkj,ska
Tyqf.a wysxidjd§" udkjys;jd§ oelau ukdj m%lg flß‚'
mdßNdIsl jpk tla tla úIhg wod< ixl,am y÷kajk jpk
iudk jhial iudk jhig wh;a
wre;a meyeÈ,s lsÍu
PB186 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
wjfndaOh
1' mdvfï we;=<;a m¾fhaIK i|yd fhdod f.k we;af;a ljqre o@
2' l=vd ld,fha hy¿lu iSud jkafka l=uk ld¾hhlg o@
3' ienE ñ;%;ajfha iajNdjh l=ula o@
4' fuys u,a fmdfydÜgqjlg Wmud lr we;af;a l=ula o@
5' mdvfï lshefjk b;d u Wiia yeisÍu l=ula o@
,sÅ; wNHdi
1' my; oelafjk jpk i|yd iudkd¾:j;a mo mdvfuka f;dard ,shkak'
¸' wjdikdj ¸¹' jdß;%
¸¸' hym;a ¹' mqIam
¸¸¸' ñksid
2' my; oelafjk jpkj,g úreoaOd¾:j;a mo mdvfuka f;dard ,shkak'
¸' hqoldó ¸¹' Nd.Hh
¸¸' ffjrh ¹' f,dl=
¸¸¸' wiudk
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' “wdpd¾h B' ví,sõ' wÈldrïf.a cd;sl fufyjr” hk ud;Dldj
hgf;a mdi,a ì;a;s mqj;am;g ,smshla ,shkak'
187PB fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
‘m%nkaOh’ hkq ‘ukd fldg n¢k ,oao’ hk woyi we;=<;a jpkhls'
lsishï f;audjla mokï lr f.k wkqms<sfj<ska lrKq .<md rij;a
f,i f.dv k.k ,o rpkdjla ks¾udKd;aul m%nkaOhla f,i ye¢kaúh
yels h' th w¾:j;a ùu o wjYH fõ'
isxy, m%nkaO rpkh i|yd u. fmkajk fmd;a w;r l=udr;=x. uqksodi
^1887 - 1944& uy;df.a m%nkafOdamfoaYh yd m%nkaO ix.%yh lD;s iqúfYaI
fõ' fuu mdvug we;=<;a jkafka m%nkaO ix.%yfhka Wmqgd .;a l;djls'
isxy, NdId yd idys;H lafIa;%hg úYd, fufyjrla l< l=udr;=x.
uqksodi" <uhskaf.a NdId idys;H oekqu j¾Okh lsÍu i|yd lshjk
kqjK kñka fmd;a fm<la o iïmdokh lf<a h' t;=ud ,shQ <ud lú
<uhska w;r ckm%sh h'
fuu mdvfï we;=<;a l;dj;a th rpkd lsÍug mdol jQ l;d iels,a,;a
ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' ks¾udKd;aul m%nkaO rpkh i|yd
th m%fõYhla jkq ksiel h'
lshjkakdg myiqfjka w¾:h jgyd .; yels iy lshùug m%sh Wmojk
wdldrhg ksrjq,a nia jyrla Ndú; lrñka ks¾udKd;aul m%nkaO rpkd
lsÍug Tng o yels h'
fmd,a ,o ieá 24
189188 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
fm/ ,la Èje ol=Kq foie udkd kï mqreIfhla ù' fya iúu;a h'
f;oj;a he" wú ismays fl< meñ‚fhls' Tyq fnfyúka iu;a jQfha
ovhug hs' Tyq fuka iu;a jQ ;j;a ñksiaiq fo ;sia fofkla Tyqg tl;=
jQ y' ;=ka ;sia fok ue fl<s ms‚ie o wyr ms‚ie o wenEis ms‚ie o
ojia m;d ovhï lf<da he'
jrla uy kshfÕla meñ‚fha he' ovhï lrkakjqkg tA b;d fyd|
lf,ls' j,a wi,e jeõ wdÈfhys Èh is£-.sh úge jk i;a;= mjiska
uy ÿla ú¢;a" meka fidhd tA tA w;e fh;a" we;eï úge uy odj,ays ÿ
.ïudkhg mjd meñfK;a' tA kshx iufhys Èfkle fï ;=ka ;sia fok
ovhï ms‚ie .sfhda he' /lafï isge" le<E .id" i;=ka miafia tA fï
w;e Èje" Tjqkaf.a fjfyi b;d uy;a úhe' ysre ria .sks fuka WKq he'
t l,e we;s jk msmdidj fln÷ o hkq is;d .; yels he' ovhïlrefjda
jk i;=ka fiú,a, ;sìhe § Èh fidhkakg jQy' tfy;a" Tjqkaf.a weÕska
.,k Èh úkd wka Èfhla kï fkd ,eìK'
mji b;d uy;a je" tA ish¨ fok fu f,dje wdidj nqre,a lrkakg jka
l,ays" Tjqka fm/ kqÿgq .fila fk;a yuq úhe' tys Wi i,lk l,e l|
isyska he' uq,e isge w. olajd ue tys jeä fjkfila ke;s' uy; ;=ka
ßhkla muK jqj o" È. ;sia ßhkla muK úhe' tfy;a w;= fn§fula
ke;s' .i w.e muKla mshd m;a jeks fld< /fils' uy ie<s jeks f.ä
lráh jgd fmksK' ‘fu n÷ uy;a f.ä we;=<e kï meka fmdola úhe
hq;= ue he’ hkq Tjqkg jQ yeÕSu hs'
tA" is;-is;d bkakg ;efkla fyda fõ,dfjla fyda fkd fõ' tflla
W;aidyfhka .ig weÿfKa he' mhg fyda w;g fyda .ekaula ke;s l|
Èf.a by<g we§u myiq fkd fõ' mjig mska isÿ jkakg" tA wmyiq lï
oeka fkd fmfka' .ig weÿfKa" tys l| fl<j/ jQ uy fld< kgqjla
w,a,d-f.ke" bfÕys jQ isßh weoe" f.äfhle kgqj lmkakg úhe' ß<d
w;la muK uy;a jQ tA kgqj lemSug ñksidf.a il, W;aidyh fhÈK'
;ek wjodkï he" lghq;a; kqmqreÿ he; fhÈhe yelafla tla w; he'
isßhe uqjy; ;shqKq fkd ù kï lemSu W.yg he' kgqfhka wvla muK
lemqKq miq" bjeis,s u| jQ ñksid" w;g jer § isßh ;Èka weoafoa he'
f.äh kgqfhka fjka úhe' .ie uq,e jQfjda jyd bj;g meke-.;a y'
uy yf~la keÕsK' ;sia l<hla .kakd ie<shla muK jQ f.äh ìue
fm/f<kakg úhe'
189188 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
ovhïlrefjda f.äh msßlaiQy' kgqj jgd uy ;eßfhls' tA" f.ähg
;Èka we,S isáfha he' t ;eka isge f.äh uy;a je-f.dia" h<s ÿ isyska
je Wf,lska fl<jr jQfha he' ;eßfha isge t ;ekg f.äh ;=ka wilg
fnfok fjfy,s ;=fkla u;= je isáfha he' tflla uy fmdfrdjla
f.ke ;eßh foiska lmkakg úhe' is;+ muKg tA wmyiq ld¾hfhla
fkd ù he' msg; ks,a jqj o" we;=<; iqÿ he' y;a wg myrlg miq
tla fmdfrda myrla jÈkakd ue fmdfrda-ore weoe-fy<k ;rï fõ.j;a
Èh myfrla f.äfhka kslañK' ish¨ fok Wu;= jQ y' tfy;a mqÿuh
mfile ;sìhe § Tjqka flf<a Tjqfkdjqka mrhd mji ikais÷jd-.ekSu
hs' tA ñysß mefkls' tld fo ;=ka j/ uqj <x flf<a he'
;=ka ;sia fokdf.a ue mji ikais¢K' f.äh we;=f<a meka ;j o fndfyda
he' Tyq" isÿr uy;a fldge tî neÆ y' wdYap¾hfhls! Tjqkaf.a mji
muKla fkd je id .sks o ksjkakg f.äh fmdfydi;a fia he' we;=<;e
iqÿ uofhls' foãug l,a fkd hjd" Tyq b;sß mekska tll= kyjd msßisÿ
fldge" jEhla w;g §" Tyq f.äh ;=<g hejQ y' fya uo ieie ieie
t<shg fohs' t<sfhys jQfjda th weoe weoe l;s' ish,a,kaf.a id .sks
fl<jr jqj o uofha fl<jrla kqÿgq jE-orejd f.äfhka msg;g mskS
he' ish,af,da tA mqÿu f.äh .eke ue fodvñka .ï n,d .sh y'
uE; ld,fhle § Tyq h<s ÿ tA .i n,kakg .sh y' .i uekeúka
msßlaid n,d" meiqKq fkd meiqKq f.ä lsysmhla o fk<d-f.ke" Tyq
fmr<d .ug wjq;a" meiqKq f.ähla me< fjkakg Æ y' iqÿiq l,ays thska
me<fhla keÕS jefvkakg úhe' mia jilg muK miq tys f.ä o yg-
.;af;a he' tfy;a" wNd.Hfhls' ñksiqkaf.a weia jy lg jy je§fuka
foda" jkfhys § t ;rï uy;a jQ f.äh" .fuys § fu ;rï l=vd úhe'
flfia jqj o fmd,a .ug meñ‚fha he'
my; oelafjkafka m%nkafOdamfoaYh fmdf;ka Wmqgd .kakd ,o ‘fmd,a
,o ieá’ l;dfõ iels,a, hs'
1' udkd kï ov kdhlhd - Tyqf.a msßi - fo ;sia fokd - Èkm;d
ovhï'
2' kshx iufha Èfkle uy jkfha ovhu - uy odj,a msmdidj Èh
fiú,a,'
191190 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
3' jk ueoe .i - isyska È. l| - mshd m;a jeks fld< - uy;a ie<s jeks
f.ä'
4' .ig we§u - f.äfhle kgqj uy;a W;aidyfhka lemSu - f.äh uy
yçka ìu ySu'
5' tll= f.äfha uqyqK fmdfrdfjlska fndfyda fõ,d lmd isÿre lsÍu
- W,am;'
6 ;=ka ;sia fokdg ue meka - b;sß mekska tll= kdjd msßisÿ lsÍu -
jEhla § Tyq f.äh ;=<g heùu - Tyq uo ieie msg;g §u - ish,a,ka
f.a nv .sks ksùu'
7' tA msßi miq ld,fhle § tA .iska f.ähla f.ke f.dia .fï jeùu
- le,Efõ § t ;rï f,dl= f.ä .fï § l=vd ùu'
wre;a meyeÈ,s lsÍu
iúu;a Yla;su;a
f;oj;a f;acjka;$m%;dmj;a$wdkqNdj iïmkak
wúisma wdhqO Ys,amh$wú wdhqOj,ska igka lsÍfï
Ys,amh
mjiska msmdifhka
le,E .id jk i;=ka fldgq lr w,a,d .ekSu
kshx iuh bfvdar ld,h$jeis fkd jisk ld,h
nqre,a lrkakg w; yßkakg$,sys,a lrkakg
ie<s f,dl= uqÜáhla
lráh .fya by< fldgi
.ekaula jdrejla$w,a,d .ekSug fyda mh ;nd .ekSug
fyda ;ekla
isßh l=vd lvqjla jeks ‘isßh’ kï jQ wdhqOh"
;eßh kgqj jgd we;s f.ähg iú jQ fmd;a;la jeks
fldgi
;=ka wilg ;=ka me;a;lg
fjfy,s kdrá
fmdfrda ore fmdfrdj orkakd
191190 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
wjfndaOh
1' udkd yd tla jQ ñksiqka ixLHdj fldmuK o@
2' Tjqka ovhï lf<a l=ula i|yd o@
3' ovhïlrejkag kshÕh jvd;a jdisodhl jkafka wehs@
4' Tjqka ÿgq .fiys iajNdjh úia;r lrkak'
5' fï w.kd f.ä j¾.fha ku l=ula o@
Wu;= mshú isysh fkdue;s
mrhd mrdo lrñka$wìnjñka
uqj lg
wdYap¾hhls mqÿuhls
id.sks nv.sks
iei iei rysñka$lm lmd
jE orejd jEh$rysk wdhqOh /.;a ;eke;a;d
lgjy lg jpkj, we;ehs úYajdi lrk úkdYldß
nj
193192 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
rij;a l;d f.d;uq
bjqï msyqï lghq;=j,§ ke;sj u neß ‘fmd,a’ wmg ,enqfKa flfia oeZhs
‘fmd,a ,o ieá’ l;dfjka Tn bf.k .kakg we;' ta l;dj m%nkaO
lrkq ,enqfõ l=udr;=x. uqksodi iQÍka úisks'
l;djla ks¾udKh lrkakg iQodkï jk Tn fndfyda foa W.; hq;=
fjhs'
uq,ska u NdIdj fhdod .kakd wdldrh y÷kd .; hq;= h' ;uka Ndú;
lrk jpk u.ska ri ujkakg;a" lshjkakdg tA ms<sn|j okjkakg;a
yels fjhs' wms WodyrKhla f.k n,uq'
Èjd wdydrh i|yd lEu fïih fj; meñ‚ ud foi mQid n,d isáhs'
lEu fïifha ye¢ .efgk y~ weiqKq ie‚ka mQid o ud wi, h' W! ud
foi n,d isáfha “ug;a nv.skshs” lshkakdla fuks'
fï mdG foflka u lshefjkafka tl u fohla jQj;a fojeks mdGfhka
fï m%ldYh lrkakdf.a ysf;a mj;sk i;a;aj lreKdj;a bÕs flfrhs'
wmg o th yefÕkakg" oefkkakg mgka .kS' jpkj, ;sfnk n,h
thhs'
Tn l;djla ks¾udKh lroa§ yeÕSï oefkk f,i jpk yeisrúh hq;=
jkafka" tfia fkdue;s jQ úg tA ks¾udKh rij;a fkd jk neúks' ks;r
ks;r fmd; m; lsheùfuka tjeks rij;a fhÿï W.; yels h' tfuka
u lúhla fyda l;djla fyda ks¾udKh lrkakg úúO jQ w;aoelSï ;sìh
hq;= hs' w;aoelSï ,nd .kakg wm mßirh ksÍlaIKh lsÍu b;d jeo.;a
jkq we;'
i| myk" ysre Wodj" ysre neiSu" l÷lrh" j,dl=¿" y| mdhd we;s /h"
uqyqÿ fjr<" fj,a hdh" fmdo jeiai" l=Kdgqj" u,a msreKq .i" ìhlre
jkh muKla fkdj l+ôhd" ó ueiaid" m<Õeáhd" fõhd" iuk,hd jeks
i;=ka .ek o meÿre úùu" oe,a we§u" ,S bÍu" j<x ;ekSu .ek o fyaka
flàu" me,a /lSu" f.dhï lemSu jeks foa .ek o wm úuis,af,ka isáh
hq;= h'
193192 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
tA tA ;ekaj, iajdNdúl iqkaor;ajh" tA tA i;=kaf.a l%shdldrlï" tA tA
whf.a ÿl" i;=g jeks yeÕSï .ek wjfndaO lr .; hq;= h' túg Tng;a
fndfyda oE ,súh yels jkq we;'
wm bf.k .;a hq., mo rEÎ" m%ia;dj msre¿" wdÈ idïm%odhsl fhÿï
fuka u Wmud yd rEml wdÈ w,xldrj;a fhÿï o ks¾udKhla rij;a
lsÍu i|yd fhdod .; yels h' fï nj ,sùfuka u wjfndaO lr .;
hq;= hs'
l=udr;=x. uqksodi uy;df.a lshjk kqjK fmdf;ka Wmqgd .;a ;j;a
fldgila lshjuq'
“uq.á fofok fo miska khdg <x jkakg n,;s' tflla iqÿiq muKg
<x jkakg n,hs' kd fmKh úÿ,sh fjiska t foig j§' kd uia
fld;rï rij;a jqj o tA myfrys urejd ieÕeù isgqkd nj uekúka
okakd uq.áhd miaig mkS' tA wjirfhka jev .kakg is;d wfkla
uq.áhd n,hs <x jkakg' tfy;a khd hqog ngqfha tA nj fkd oek
fkd fõ' tfyhska wr mig keuqKq kd fmKh" is;kakg o fm/
fï mig myr fohs' fï uq.áhd o miaig mskSfuka ue urejdf.ka
.e,efõ' oeka uq.á fofok fomiska u|la wE;aj isá;s'”
fï l;dj lshjk úg wm bÈßfha uefjkakg mgka .kakd khs-uq.á
fmdrh wmQre h' tmuKla fkd j fuys wjidkh l=ula oehs oek .ekSfï
wdidjla o we;s fjhs' tA ksid u l;dj lshjd yudr lrk ;=re bjis,a,la
o ke;' w.kd ks¾udKhla tla jrla lshjd mfilska ;eîug is;a fkd
fohs' kej; kej; lshùug wm fmd,Ujkafka tys fh§ we;s rij;a
NdIdj hs' weiQ ÿgq fohla rij;aj lshkakg" ,shkakg NdIdfõ jpk
fndfydauhla wm oek isáh hq;= hs' jpk rij;aj fhdod f.k wms;a
mqxÑ mqxÑ l;d ks¾udKh lrkakg W;aidy lruq'
PB194 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
,ssÅ; wNHdi
1' i;shlg tla l;djla lshjd" tys l;=jrhdf.a ku" l;dfõ lshefjk
isÿùu" Tn is;a .;a wjia:d we;=<;a lrñka úia;rhla ,shd hy¿jka
w;r yqjudre lr .kak'
2' my; i|yka l;d iels,s weiqfrka rij;a l;d ks¾udKh lrkak'
i. ² úYd, l¿.,a f.dvla ñÿf,a mfilska fmfkkakg we;'
² tA wi,ska kfhla we§ hhs'
² uq.áhd l=reudkï w,a,ñka khd fj; mkS'
² khd ch ,nkafka wiSrefjks'
² uq.áhd lE .ik y~la wefihs'
ii. ² iqkaor Èh we,a,la lvd yef,hs'
² fl<sljg iskd y~ wjg me;sfrhs'
² tl jr u <uhl= lE .ik y~la wefihs'
² msßi l,n,hg m;a ù tfoig ÿj;s'
² kej; iskd y~ u;= fjhs'
iii. ² ksji wi, Wig jevqKq ng m÷rls'
² f,aka wïud iy ;d;a;d y~ k.ñka tA fï w; ÿj mks;s'
² l+vqj ìu jeà we;'
² tA foig Èj tk uj iy mq;d y~la k.;s'
² lmqgd ldla ldla yçka ko § bj;g mshUd hkafka wi;=fgks'
3' Tn okakd m%ia;dj msre<lg wod<j l;djla ks¾udKh lrkak'
m%dfhda.sl wNHdi
1' rij;a <ud l;d fmd;a lshjkak'
2' jeäysáhkaf.ka rij;a l;d wid oek .kak'
3' ksjfia l=vd mqia;ld,hla wdrïN lrkak'