fdr and the new deal new deal election of 1932 new president new ideas
TRANSCRIPT
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• New Deal
• Election of 1932
• New President New Ideas
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• PHASE ONE
• First 100 days
• Depression hit hard
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• March 1933 and June 1933
• Legislation
• 3 basic categories of Legislation
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Relief
• Recovery
• Reform
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• RELIEF
• Banking concerns–Run on banks contributed to depression
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• First order of business
• “Bank holiday” closed all banks
• Federal inspectors examined all banks
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Those deemed solvent reopened
• Two thirds reopened
• Restored confidence in banking industry
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Glass-Stegal banking act• Established Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
• Insured accounts up to 2,500 dollars
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)
• Loans to states to create programs to reduce unemployment
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Civilian Conservation Corp
• Civil Works Administration
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Civilian Conservation Corps
• (CCC)
1933
put young men to work
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Ages between 18-28• Forest and parks• Popular of all New Deal• Temporary employment about
1 year• Lasted until 1934
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
• Civil Works Administration (CWA)
• Temporary program–Get people back to work
–Winter 1934
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• 4 million had government jobs–Make busy work
–Severe criticism
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
»RECOVERY
»Agriculture Adjustment
»Act
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
• Increase farm income by reducing crop growing
• Paid farmers not to grow crops
• Tax on food processors paid the shortfall
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• By 1935 farm income raised by 50 percent
• However some small and tenant farmers were forced off land
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• National Recovery Act (NRA)
• “codes of fair competition”
• Minimum wage
• Maximum hours
• Price fixing controls
• Collective bargaining
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Created Public Works Administration (PWA)
• Building projects including dams and buildings
• Not as successful business did not trust government
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• NRA collapsed before it was deemed unconstitutional by Supreme Court
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• REFORM
–TVA
–Tennessee Valley Authority
–Developed area that was eroded
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
–Over cut forests led to uncontrollable flooding of Tennessee River
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Rural area void of electricity
• Series of dams and locks
• Made river navigable
• Generated electricity for entire rural region
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Greatly improved standard of living
• Conflict between large utilities and government
• Ashwander v. TVA (1936)
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Supreme Court ruled in favor of government because land to develop TVA was acquired legally
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• SEC (Security and Exchange Commission)
• Regulated stock market
• Took nation off gold standard
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Dollar would compete with other currency
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Second New Deal
• Relief and Recovery
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• Federal Arts Project
• First time gave aid to artists
• Money for concerts to small towns
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Rural Electrification Administration
• Cooperatives to build electric transmission plants
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• National Labor Relations Act creation of NLRB
• Allowed to workers to elect
• Which union they wanted to join
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• No discrimination if they joined a union
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Social Security Act
• Pension supported by taxes for elderly
• Small pension for elderly
• Unemployment compensation
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Support for survivors
• Health insurance
• Health insurance was dropped in a compromise
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Banking Act of 1935–Increased the power of the
Federal Reserve Board
–Federal Housing Authority• FHA
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
• Home loans at discounted rates
• Increased home ownership to low and middle class
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Republicans gained seats in election of 1934 and 1938
• Challenged New Deal
• Took many to Supreme Court
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• New Deal programs were deemed unconstitutional
• Too Much Power to President
• Too Much Federal power
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• 1938 Roosevelt suggested to add 4 judges to court and replace all over 70
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• This would have swayed the court
• “Court Packing”
• Proofed to be a mistake for Roosevelt
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• Failed however several judges retired allowing Roosevelt to appoint new judges
• He got what he wanted
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
•Legacy of the New Deal• 1. Extension of Federal
Power• 2. Extension of the Power
of the President
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• 3. Deficit Spending
• 4. Federal Social Programs
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• 5. Greater Concern for Labor and Workers
• 6. Conservation Gains
• 7. Renewal of the faith in Democracy
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FDR AND THE NEW DEAL
• New Deal will influence lives to the present
• Trouble on the Horizon