FASTNESSES BEHAVIOUROF TEXTILE MATERIAL

SUBMITTED TO

RAJIA SULTANALecturer

Department of Textile Engineering

Port City International University.

MD SOHEL KHAN

Department of Textile EngineeringPORT CITY INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

ContentsIntroductionColor fastness to lightColor fastness to heat PressingColorfastness to Chlorinated WaterColor fastness to WashConclusion

Introduction Fastness

Fastness Fastness is the resistance of textile

material to resist a load or destructive factors such a heat light, perspiration, wearing acidic and alkaline condition.

ContinuedDifferent types of fastness testing• Color fastness to wash.• Color fastness to light.• Color fastness to rubbing (dry + wet).• Color fastness to perspiration (acidic and alkaline).• Strength to color produced color.• Color fastness to chlorine.• Color fastness to acids.• Color fastness to alkalis.• Color fastness to sea water.• Color fastness to weathering.• Color fastness to bleaching agents

Color fastness to light The purpose of color

fastness to light test is to determine how much the color will fade when exposed to a known light source.

Working procedure of color fastness to lightThe sample is cut and should be exposed (½

covered and ½ exposed) together with standard dyed wool samples (1-8). The standard and the specimen mounted in a frame. The composite sample must be protected from rain.

The test sample is exposed to light for a certain time (24 hrs, 36 hrs, 48 hrs, 72hrs) or by customer demand and compare the change with original unexposed sample. The changes are assessed by blue scales (1-8).

Color fastness to heat Pressing

Color fastness to heat pressing

Apparatus and Materials: Heating device that can put a pressure on the specimen of 4

k.pa. A smooth asbestos sheet ( 3-6 mm thickness) Wool flannel ( approx.260 g/m2, 3 mm thickness ) A piece of undyed ,bleached and mercerized cotton cloth Grey scales Standard color matching cabinet Distilled water

Working procedure

Continued Damp Pressing: The adjacent fabric in dimensions of 10 cm×4 cm is

immersed into the water and, squeezed as 100% pick up. Dry specimen is placed onto the undyed cotton fabric on the filler and, the wet adjacent fabric is placed onto them. The top layer of the device is pulled down and, dry specimen is pressed for 15 seconds at the determined temperature.

Continued Wet Pressing: Soak the test specimen and a piece of cotton adjacent

fabric in distilled water and squeeze it to maintain 100% pick up.

Place the wet test specimen on top of the dry cotton cloth covering the wool flannel pad and repeat

Colorfastness to Chlorinated Water

Continued Sample Preparation: A textile material (Dyed Goods) sample

should be cut at 10 cm into 4 cm. Procedure: Put the specimen into the steel containers and added in the

sodium hydrochloride solution with liquor ratio 1:100 based on the appropriate concentration of active chlorine used.

Close the container and put it into the mechanical device (Gyrowash) and agitate at 27±20C for 1 hour in darkness.

Remove the specimen from the container and squeeze it. Dry the specimen by hanging it in air at room temperature in quiet

light.

Color fastness to wash Apparatus: Suitable mechanical device which rotating speed(40±2) Stainless steel ball ( 6mm dia & wt 1gm) Stainless steel container Adjacent fabric or multi-fiber fabric D.W: Di-acetate, Cotton, Nylon, Polyester, Acrylic, Wool

for 40-50º C and certain test 60ºC. T.V: Tri-acetate, Cotton, Nylon , Polyester, Acrylic,

Viscose for certain test at 60ºC and all test at 70ºC and 95ºC

Non - dyeable fabric (e.g poly propylene) ISO type gray scale for color changing

continued ISO type gray scale for color staining Color matching cabinet

Reagent: ECE reference detergent ( 4gm/l ) Sodium Perborate terahydrate ( 1gm/l ) Distilled water.(grade 3 water )

Color fastness to wash Collecting the sample from bulk and then conditioning for 04

hours  Making a specimen of 04 cm*10 cm in size.  Sewing the specimen with multi-fibre fabric of same size at

one corner.  Making the solution of 4gm/litre ECE detergent & 1 gm/litre

sodium perborate, (If required SKFL use 0.15 gm/litre TAED).  Putting the specimen with multi-fibre fabric into the solution in

Rotawash m/c Prog.: C2S Temp.: 60OC/ 40OC Time: 30 min Still ball: 25 pcs 

Continued Rinsing with hot water respectively. 

Squeezing with cold water of the sample is done (Hand Wash). 

Then drying is done at a temperature in the air not exceeding 60OC 

The stitching is then broken out except on one of the shorter end. 

Measuring the staining and color change by grey scale & make a test report.

Conclusion In Textile industry fastness is very important

factor. Before Bulk production all required fastness test is very essential. so we should know about all fastness.

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