farid mahmood ts portfolio
TRANSCRIPT
Bath HousePorto, Portugal
Farid MahmoodU1111611
Technical Studies ReportUnit H
Level 3
A Report based on the technical issues of a bath house used by locals and public as well as dwelling with functional spaces to bring back the people of porto to ocupy the city once again.
Contents
Captured SpaceComponents Exploded AxoSpaces of InterestPorto, PortugalRibiera StripSite PicturesHistorical Site ContextSun OrientationExisting SectionAlameda das FontainhasSao Nicholao- Wash HouseAlver Siza PoolsDrainage towards River DouroBrief and Intended UsersIntended ProggramesNeighbourhood ActivtyArrebitaSite planMain Proggramatic PlansInhabited SectionAxometric of Structural ElementsSite ConstraintsBathsRoof TerraceLight Partition DesignFoundation Strategy
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Captured SpaceTurn End
Original Model Scale 1:10
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Roof CladdingRoof JoistsStructural BeamRoof CladdingRoof CladdingRoof CladdingRoof JoistsStructural BeamRoof JoistsWindow frame / BeamVertical frame designWindow Base FrameStructural BeamStructural BeamStructural BeamSide Roof CladdingSide supportive joist, kitchen to bath-roomJoists, kitchen to bathroomCeiling 4’x2’ fraClosit WallClothes WardrobeWooden Shelfing Drawer UnitBlock Side TableBlock Wall Shelfing UnitHigher Ground Level FloorLower Ground Level FloorBlock Seating AreaRoof Supportive beamSteps To Higher Level
Block Kitchen UnitBlock Side Table Block WallBlock Structural Wall
Components Exploded Axo
Drawing Scale- 1:100
Original Model Scale- 1:10
Dressing room window
Bathrm Natural Light to Psge WindowCast glass in passage
Turn End stands strong and upright today since the start of its build in 1964 for its structure made from block work and timber. The block work built onto concrete foundations following timber elements to structure and aesthetics.
The main element in turn end that came to my focus was the roof, It was shped in order to al-low rain to pass down it from roof to another. The roofs worked great with the abstract win-dows, especially at the bathroom as the struc-turaal elements kept there way gooing from once element to another and this was intrugding. A well working repetitive pattern used for the ab-stract windows in Turn End work really well ex-posing themeselves to rest on a roof as well as carring a roof over them.
A cast glass. This cast glass is one of my favourite pieces due to its process of planning and design creat-ing a vibrant atmosphere. It is located on the ceiling of the passage upper land-ing looking up. The skill here is that the light does not come directly from the cast glass itself; rather, it comes from the bathroom window. This window is in-stalled south facing allowing a contrast of light between the spaces with also a re-petitive vertical pattern.
Spaces of interestRoof Drawing Scale 1:50
Kitchen Roof Indoors
The Block work at turn end was influencial in how everyday day spaces can be cre-ated with permnant lego like blocks. This interested me as most of the furniture was physically linked to the structural elements of the building. Reminding me how structure is built to take up a dead and live loads, in this case it was doing actually doing that with everyday used spaces and furniture.
Kitchen Built with block work
Fire place, (block work)
Table with shelfing, (block work)
Sofas, (block work)
Fire place, (block work)
Roof Tops Outdoor
Out door Window, Bathroom
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Porto, Portugal
Considering my ideas of the turn end project, the next focus for me was to implement ideas from the project into the porto distric. Porto located in portugal as one of the main cities in the country known for its vine yards and houses for wine to be distributed all over europe. Today, porto is a tourist site that many people across the world visit for its history of wine. Despite porto attracting many tourists, it has many abandoned houses and alot of it’s own poeple moving out due to the city council capping house rents to ten euros a month and not meeting the needs for property owners meant that the people renting out were left with unfinished houses to live in. The cost of income was excepionally low as well. This was the challenge i had to consider in order to move on for considering a proposal suitable enough for the local community itself as first in order to stay and give hope to the people that porto will change with tourists as an advantage aswell.
fromLondon
to Portugal,Porto
Map scale - 1:5000
N
Ribiera Strip
N
Map scale - 1:5000
Francisco
VictoriaTaipas
S. Bento
SantaClara
Clerigos
Ribeira/Barredo
Avenida da
Ponte
Mouzinho/
Flores
S.E.
1- Clerigos2- Taipas3- Victoria4- Aveni da Ponte5- S. Bento6- S.E.7- Santa Clara8- Mouzinho/Flores9- Francisco10- Ribeira/Barredo
Names of the 10 operaations:
Site:
The porto district is seperated with 10 opertaions by the local council. This was in order to seperate and understand what areas locals use and what ares will benefit the tourists.
Out of these areas i chose to work in the ribiera strip as it was closer towards the river. The river was important to me as i was looking into the way drainage was used in turn end and the flow of the direction of water. Here in Ribiera i found that most of the water was drained throughout the area by its streets as the topography hight decreased down towards the river making the water flow down towards the river easier.
Intenteding to design a bath house, this was another priority to why i chose to work in the ribiera strip. As this would allow more ideas for me to design withing the flow of water draining towrds the river throught the area.
B
A
B
A
Site PicturesRoof, Rua da reboleira
Facade, Rua da reboleiraFacades, Rua do infante D. Henrique
Present space
SHop/ Restruant next door
River View, approxiamtly at Rua da reboleira
Historical site Context
NMap scale - 1:5000
Site:
Derelict: Porto ‘s history of derelict buildings has been around for some time.This was due to the fact that the city council had capped the rent that home owners were forced to take. This cap in rentage did not not allow the owners of the home to keep maintaining the houses as the rent was approxiametlly under 10 euros which was not sufficient to rent out otherwise, as renting was a loss to everyone themselves at that rate of income. they recieved. This led to home own-ers trying to sell and moving out of porto.
1939
1839
1813 1833
Sun Orientation
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Neighbourhood Activity
Restruant beside site Site Overview
Camara Municipal do Porto(Wash House)
Washing Clothes Area
Casa No.59 da Rua da Reboleira(Old People Homes)
View to old people homes
Grupo Desportino Infante D. Henrique(oldest Restruant on Ribeira strip)
SKREI, Architecs Office
Gomos de Saudade(restruant)
Open Square Pass by
Igreja de S. Nicolau(church)
Neighbourhood Overview
Scale- 1:500Site-
N
Existing Section to Rio DuoroScale 1:200
Site
Exsisting Long Section
Section AA
Section AA
Site
Capturing Moments of Drainage
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Drainage towards River Douro
Influenced by the roof tops of turn end with water flowing down them after each other, Porto’s landscape itself reminded me of them. The landscape of porto allows water to drain on the streets towards the river. The rain water is guided by the topography lowering down towards the river as well as man made drains for the building roof tops to bring down the water onto the streets.
The streets also have gutters to guide the rainwater so that the city does not flood and to controll the flow of the water gushing down. The gutters lead the wa-ter collected underground its streets later exposing the water to enter the river by its ends.
Start End
Map Scale- 1:1000
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Water drainage circulation
section of basin works,, towards drainage
basins for everyday clothing washMain water carrier to most basins
an open public entrance for allWash basin for everyday clothesBottom drainage for basins at ground level
Washing houses are very common around the city of porto. In an every day house, people need to wash clothes, have a shower and bathe. Wash houses tend to answer the main washing needs that should be taken in an house or rather washing larger everyday uses such as blankets and carpets etc. Depending on the type of facilites that a certain wash house has to offer, it is understood that they were designated due to the lack of space in an indi-vidual house. In porto, wash houses are very com-mon and bring the local community together forming a friendly neighbourhood between each other. Today, the use of wash houses is still active within the community of porto and in other places where you will find small houses.
The Alameda das Fontainhas adjacent to the river Rio Douro is designed faciliate hand washing clothes and larger items used within a house. The wa-ter used is pumped up, filtered and used from the river then drained back into the river to repeat the process once again, in this instance the river be-comes a live tank. It is sheleterd to expose towards the river and block off views from the parralell street. The materials used are local materials such as granite in order to shape the washing basins and store the water with a concrete wall cutting off the river and allowing a galvanised steel roof to be formed with a steel frame structure.
Alameda das Fontainhas - Wash House Porto
Scale 1-1000Alameda das Fontainhas adjacent to river
Scale: 1:10000Alameda das Fontainhas distant to site
Washing houses are very common around the city of porto. In an every day house, people need to wash clothes, have a shower and bathe. Wash houses tend to answer the main washing needs that should be taken in an house or rather washing larger everyday uses such as blankets and carpets etc. Depending on the type of facilites that a certain wash house has to offer, it is understood that they were designated due to the lack of space in an individual house. In porto, wash houses are very common and bring the local community together forming a friendly neighbourhood between each other. To-day, the use of wash houses is still active within the community of porto and in other places where you will find small houses.
The Sao Nicholao is also built besides the Rio Duoro, however it is embedded below the ground forming an occupied open space above it. This Wash house uses modern technology of washing machines to wash clothes with dryers to dry them aswell. The use of hand washing basins is still alive within this modern wash house, holding the respect of locals coming together to wash their belongings and clothes. Sao Nicholao is also used as a public toilet area for both males and females, it introduces showers for the locals to wash themselves in and lockers to keep belongings safe. Reinforced con-crete is amainly used for this wash house alll around with a brick entrance seperating the reception office from all the wet rooms. The basins in this wash house are also formed with conctrete along with the roof holding the open space together.
During the visit, i took notice of a few water aspects that work really well and aspects that i could learn from in order to propose for my bath house.
Sao Nicholao - Wash HousePaulo Providencia 1993 - Porto
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Scale 1:1000
water draining down at street level into wash house
Wash basins to wash everyday clothes
Street Water drainage at entrance
Rain from street level Concrete wall dampenned and damaged by the rain water from street level
Street Level entrance
Hand wash basins and drainage Lightwell frm street sqr.
Basins walking/drain area
Entrance lobby Passage to basins facility passage
Alver Siza Pools, Porto
The visit to siza’s pools in porto inspired me work further on to propose a local bath house. The challenges i thought about where storing water for the baths and sequencing the spaces leading from one to another, e.g enterance, changing room, and pools then back to changing rooms.
Sizas swimmmimg pools , the pictures to left from an open park area and the picture on the right from the swimming pool on the sea
Brief and Intended Users
A bath house that alllows the site to become more lively again and alllow the peopele of porto to move back into the district. The neighhbourhood currently is attracting tourists for its history of wine houses. This bath house on the other hand will allow the locals to use it in order to faciliatate having a relaxig bath for both genders as most houses in porto are very small and lack in havimg bath spaces big enough for self comfort within a family home. These bath facilties will be available to everyone. The bath house exists of residential abandoned homes which have become derelict. The use of residential spaces in order to bring the people of porto back to stay will also be inbedded in the new design above the bath house.The chosen site will be divided into three parts to use the space. A bath house on the lower ground floors alongside a public pedestrian pathway that will enable the use for the both public and private users to cross between parralell streets. the higher levels will ocupied by the use of recid-ency for the people of porto to dwell in.
Why? Porto is known for its wine making and therfore very industrial as its use, howver its image and landscape is a collage from a distance. The abandoned houses came afetr its port was moved to matsinious, more towards the sea. This project aims to inhabit portos district areas and allow a better lifestyle for the people who would return.
Intended Users: Local community,, local old peoples homes, Couples residency and Travellers, Local washhouse users.
Entrance / Reception
Water fall exposed at recpetion then fallling into pools
Changing Rooms and facilities
solid wall for privacy, then revealing open space structure
Pools to swim
Steam room
Stairs to reveal initial programme
Steam rising to outside also exposed to rest room
Rest room from Reception
Intended Programmes
Inspired by the turn end model, a collage showing different types of spacial programmms I could achieve in proposing a Bath House
Outline of space in Section
Alluminuim profiles for stud walls
Left: studying site, Right: Arrebita site
Windows showing details between sites
Arrebita ‘s Developing site ElevationSIte at starting construction phase
Sectional model proposed changes
Building materials
Roof Development at rear
Roof Development at Front
Supporting roof structure Roof beam settlement Roof beam settlement Roof beam alluminuim rafters
Party WallRoof Structure span
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Scale 1:175Site
Arrebita
Arrebita
Arrebita siteChosen site
Arrebita is a social entrepreneurship project with the mission to fight the abandonment of inner Porto.
It is located next door to my chosen site, this gave me the advantage to see how construction works were taking place for that area, and which materials were suitable for the environment surrounding it.
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Site Plan
Rua da Reboleira
Rua do in
fante. D
Henrique
New Pathway -
Existing Pathway -
The benefit of having a street on each end of the site benefited me to join the streets by a private/ public pathway. The pathway flows along the typography of the city leading down towards the river allowing easier access between the streets and adjoining the walking route.
The path itself is designed to be stepped up onto at ease with 3-4 walking steps before reaching the next step.
N
Main Programatic Plans
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First Floor, 1, ResidentialScale- 1:100
Floor, 0.5, water tank systemsScale- 1:100
Ground Floor, 0, Pathway to programScale- 1:100
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Basement Floor, -1, BathsScale- 1:100
Inhabited section
Scale 1:50
Inhabited SectionScale- 1:50 at A1
Axonometric of Structural Elements
Throughout the building, vertical i beams will be supporting the structure where applica-pable, especially where most of the concrete will be placed.
The longitude of my site allowed me to span acrross with steel beams and padstones to transfer the weight down. the steel bems are mainly used to hold up conctrete floors
and the prefabricated staircases. Wooden Beams are then used on the residencial parts of the building creating a lighter structure where needed
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Structural Elements
The longitude of my site allowed me to span acrross with steel beams and padstones to transfer the weight down.the steel bems are mainly used to hold up conctrete floors and the prefabricated staircases.
Wooden Beams are then used on the residencial parts of the building creating a lighter structure where needed
Scale 1:75
Scale- 1:75 at A1
Site Constraints
Scale 1-100
Site Constraints: narrow back street site restricted to light exposure
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Access for Builind Materials into site
Pathway precast to be delivered
Scale- 1:750
The main constraint that the site holds is a tight street on one end, (see context map), therefore transporting materials on that south side may be a little difficult despite the open green space that is located to the north of the site that will help with easier circulation. If there are heavy ma-chinery that the building contractor may use will have to be brought from the north end to the south according to circumstances.
Another Constraint was to keep intact the facades and not to change them, so according to the surrounding neighbourhood i changed the roof join together within the building
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Baths
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The Bath house consists of two small baths at either end on the lower ground floor. The occupied space creates an more open and spacius ex-perience while bathing eventhough the site may be small.
Bath 1
Bath 2
Bath 1
Bath 2
Roof Terrace
The roof terrace is designed to overlook to the river duro on the south of the site as well the opposite side of the river.
Another key feature is that you can look dwon onto the pathway on site from the top giving an open surrounding of space.
Here the railing element is also used from the influence of turn end project to keep the continuety flowing throughout the bath house.
The lower ground floor roof is also located high above here in order to create a light well deep down, the element of glass with timber joists is used to allow light to ray upon the roof all the way down to the bath house.
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1:20 Section
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Detail Scale- 1:10
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Light Partition design
The wall elements of glass and wood inspired from the turn end pro-ject will be covereing most of my proposal in order to create partition walls allowing light to enter spaces from one another as the light constraints will be solved by these partitions.
15mm stained glass
2’x4’ partiton element
2’ x 4’ Timber Frame3’ wood screw
Precast Concrete
254 x 102 x 28 I beam supported by a padstone on each end sized at 140 x 215 x 102, spanning ac-
cross 4metres
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Foundation strategyScale 1:50
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The foundations for my bath house will be underpinned from the existing stone foundations and filled with concrete to allow the dead loads and live loads to carry the new weight. All around the site, the foundation will go 3m deep into the ground as my building height is very large according the a small area of space.
Left: Southern foundation section, scale 1:50
Right Northen foundation section, scale 1:50