f olk and p opular c ulture. o rigins and d iffusion of f olk and p opular c ultures origin of folk...
TRANSCRIPT
FOLK AND POPULAR CULTURE
ORIGINS AND DIFFUSION OF FOLK AND POPULAR CULTURES
Origin of folk and popular culturesOrigin of folk music
Anonymous hearths, transmitted orally About everyday life, things that are familiar to group Country music hearts-Upper south
Origin of popular music Mass electronic production Tin Pan Alley and Hip Hop in New York
Diffusion of folk and popular culturesThe Amish: Relocation diffusion of folk
cultureSports: Hierarchical diffusion of popular
culture
TIN PAN ALLEY AND POPULAR MUSIC
Fig. 4-2: Writers and publishers of popular music were clustered in Tin Pan Alley in New York City in the early twentieth century. The area later moved north from 28th Street to Times Square.
Diffusion of folk and popular culturesPopular culture is spread by hierarchical
diffusion (Hollywood, New York)Folk culture is spread by relocation diffusion
ExamplesThe Amish: Relocation diffusion of folk culture
70,000, 17 states Migrated from Switzerland, France and Germany because
of low land prices
Sports: Hierarchical diffusion of Soccer 11th century in England, spread outward because of
increased leisure time Each country has preferred sports (Cricket, Hockey, Martial
Arts and Lacrosse) T.V. and internet allow global spectators
CLUSTERING OF FOLK CULTURES
Isolation promotes cultural diversityHimalayan art styles that show differences
among geographically close culture groups Tibet, Nepal, Hindus and Animist art styles
Influence of the physical environment on food People hold on to old food habits after assimilating People adapt their food preferences based on
environment Soybeans, quick frying and stewing/roasting Certain foods are avoided or desired
Bulls, mandrake, otters, potatoes, or goats Transylvanian food diversity
Romanians, Jews, Armenians and Hungarians
HIMALAYAN FOLK CULTURAL REGIONS
Fig. 4-5: Cultural geographers have identified four distinct culture regions based on predominant religions in the Himalaya Mountains.
Folk Housing is a product of both cultural traditions and environmental conditions Houses are made from nearby materials and
influenced by social factors Environment influences floor plans based on
climate Social conditions affect the floor plan of houses
Fiji, China, Middle East, India, Africa, Madagascar, Java
U.S. Folk House Forms 3 hearths-New England, Mid Atlantic, Lower
Chesapeake New England-Saltbox, Two-Chimney, Cape Cod
and Front Gable & wing Middle Atlantic- “I” house Lower Chesapeake- steep roof and chimneys
HOUSE TYPES IN WESTERN CHINA
DIFFUSION OF NEW ENGLAND HOUSE TYPES
Fig. 4-10: Four main New England house types of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries diffused westward as settlers migrated.
U.S. HOUSE TYPES BY REGION
Fig. 4-1-1: Small towns in different regions of the eastern U.S. have different combinations of five main house types.
WIDE DISPERSION OF POPULAR CULTURE
Diffusion of popular housing, clothing, and foodPopular housing styles
Transition from space to time, housing reflects fashion
Rapid diffusion of clothing styles Clothing reflects occupation and income
Popular food customs Alcohol and snacks
U.S. HOUSE TYPES, 1945–1990
Fig. 4-11: Several variations of the “modern style” were dominant from the 1940s into the 1970s. Since then, “neo-eclectic” styles have become the dominant type of house construction in the U.S.
Television and diffusion of popular cultureDiffusion of television
Introduced in the 1930s By 1950 ¾ of homes had a TV 4 major categories of countries
Diffusion of the internet Highest number of internet hosts are in MDCs Will diffuse faster than TV
Government control of television People turned on the TV and watched what the
government wanted them to see Singapore banned satellites but wants MTV and
HBO to have their Asian headquarters there Satellites hastened the fall of the Communism
DISTRIBUTION OF INTERNET HOSTS
Fig. 4-15: The U.S. had two-thirds of the world’s internet hosts in 2002. Diffusion of internet service is likely to follow the pattern of TV diffusion, but the rate of this diffusion may differ.
IMPACTS OF THE GLOBALIZATION OF POPULAR CULTURE Threats to folk culture
Loss of traditional values Wearing clothing from an MDC is controversial Fundamentalist Muslims oppose western clothing Threatens subservient role of women
Foreign media dominance MDCs new form of Imperialism
Environmental impacts of popular culture Modifying nature-golf courses Uniform landscapes-every town looks the same Negative environmental impact
Increased demand of natural resources and pollution