Additives Flame Retardants

Exactly your chemistry.

Exolit® for PolyurethaneApplication areas for Exolit grades

Exolit for Polyurethane

2

> Application areas for Exolit grades

Contents

Exolit for polyurethane 2

Flame retardants for polyurethane 4

Flexible polyether foam (slabstock and molded foam) 6

Flexible polyester foam (slabstock foams) 8

Rigid PU foam 10

Rigid PIR foam 12

Integral skin foam 13

Cast resins 14

3

Exolit for polyurethane

With its Exolit grades the Pigments & Additives Division offers an ex-tensive range of flame retardants for polyurethane on a non-halogen basis.The Exolit grades exhibit following characteristics:

Exolit in the case of fire

Low smoke gas corrosivity> Reduced damage of installations

and buildings

Low smoke density> Extended escape time

Exolit-compatibility

Highly effective, low dosage, high polymer compatibility> Only slight influence on mechanical

properties

Excellent incorporation into matrix> No migration

Good recyclability of FR-Polyurethanes> Meet current and future consumer

recycling requirements

Because of these properties Exolit flame retardants contribute to meetingthe customer requirement regardingenvironmental impact and image.Polyurethane systems which incorpo-rate Exolit flame retardants can obtainthe most demanding fire tests, whilstretaining good mechanical properties.These features allow the materials tobe used in new and demanding fieldsof application.

Exolit-in final product

Excellent ageing stability> Low dosage, no migration, high

quality during life cycle

Attractive price/performance ratio> Competitive systems

Optimal emission behaviour> Minimization of the exposition risk

of volatile organic compounds (VOC)

* = Federal motor vehicle safety standard

Application area Test Description Classification

Under the brand name Exolit, Clariantsupplies non-halogenated environmen-tally friendly flame retardants with an assured future in polyurethaneapplications.

Their advantage lies in their effective-ness, which enables very low con-centrations to be used, while at thesame time meeting the most stringent requirements. In the event of fire involving Exolit-containing systems,

a reduction in smoke density is appa-rent. Since no halogen-containing flameretardants are required, no corrosivegases such as HCl or HBr are released.These properties are of great impor-tance in modern vehicle manufacture.

Flame retardants for polyurethane

Automotive FMVSS 302* Flammability SE > SE/NBR > SE/B > BCalifornia Techn. Bulletin 117 Fire resistancePBT VWT 709 VOC Emission ValueDIN 75201 Fogging characteristics Value

Construction DIN 4102 (Germany) Chimney test B1 > B2NF P 92-501 (France) Epiradiateur M1 > M2 > M3

Electrical & UL 94 (International) Burning time after ignition V0 > V1 > V2electronics HF1 > HF2 > HBF

4

5

Polyurethane product overview

Products Supply form Flexible polyurethane foams Rigid polyurethane foams PUPolyether Polyester Integral PUR PIR Integral Casting/

skin skin moulding

Exolit AP 422 White powderExolit AP 462 White powderExolit AP 750 White powderExolit OP 550 Medium-viscosity liquidExolit OP 560 Medium-viscosity liquidExolit RP 6520 Red thixotropic dispersionExolit RP 6580 Red thixotropic dispersion

6

Figure 3: VOC-Emissions of flexible polyether foams containing 6 php flame retardant,head space examination (5 h / 120 °C).

Cl-Diphos-phate 3)

ExolitOP 550

ExolitOP 560

TCPP 1) TDCPP 2) Cl-Diphos-phate 3 )

ExolitOP 550

ExolitOP 560

1mg

Figure 2: DIN 75201: Fogging condensates of flexible polyether foamscontaining 7.5 php flame retardant.

22.5 25.0 27.5 30.0 32.5 35.0Foam Density (kg/m3)

Flexible polyether foam (slabstock and molded foam)

Figure 1: MVSS 302: Minimum FR levels to achieve class SE of flexible polyetherfoams at different foam densities.

Advantages of Exolit:> Liquid reactive,

incorporable flame retardants > Low migration> Low emissions (e.g. low

fogging and VOC-values)> High flame retardant efficiency

through product life cycle> Only slight influence on

mechanical foam properties> Usable in conventional production

facilities by adding directly atthe mixing head

> Good performance in flame laminating processing (low smokeemission, good adhesion)

> In the case of fire, low smoke gas corrosiveness

Exolit OP 550 TDCPP 2 )

1) = Tris(chloroisopropyl)phosphate 2) = Tris(dichloroisopropyl)phosphate 3) = Tetrakis(2-Chloroethyl)dichloroisopentyldiphosphate

16

12

8

4

0

(mg)

20

15

10

5

0

(php)

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

(ppm)

7

Products

Exolit OP 550 Liquid, medium viscosity, reactive phosphorus polyol (functionality approx. 2)Exolit OP 560 Liquid, medium viscosity, reactive phosphorus polyol (functionality approx. 2)

Application area Classification Addition rate

Automotive FMVSS 302 2-10 parts of Exolit OP 550 orClass SE OP 560/100 parts polyolDIN 75201 2-10 parts of Exolit OP 550 or(Fogging-test G) with <1 mg OP 560/100 parts polyol

Construction California TB 117 6-12 parts of Exolit OP 550 orOP 560/100 parts polyol

DIN 4102 6-12 parts of Exolit OP 550 orClass B2 OP 560/100 parts polyol

Advantages of Exolit:> No emissions

(e.g. low fogging and VOC-values)> Solid easily dispersible in polyol

(Exolit AP)> Usable in conventional production

facilities by adding directly into themixing head (Exolit OP)

Flexible polyester foam (slabstock foams)

> Highly effective> Only slight influence on

mechanical properties> No contribution to corrosive

gases in the case of fire> Reduced foam dripping

in the case of fire (Exolit AP)

Products

Exolit AP 422 White powder D50 15 µm, standard productExolit AP 462 White powder D50 20 µm, microencapsulated for moisture sensitive applications Exolit OP 560 Liquid, medium viscosity, reactive phosphorus polyol (functionality approx. 2)

Application area Classification Addition rate

Construction DIN 4102 8-10 parts Exolit AP 422 in combinationClass B2 with 8-10 parts Exolit OP 560 /

100 parts polyol

Automotive FMVSS 302 5-10 parts Exolit AP 422 or 2-10 partsClass SE Exolit OP 560/100 parts polyolDIN 75201 G (no fogging) 5-10 parts Exolit AP 422/100 parts polyolDIN 75201 G < 1 mg 2-10 parts Exolit OP 560/100 parts polyolPBT VWT 709 5-10 parts Exolit AP 422/100 parts polyolno VOC or FOG contribution

Electrical UL 94 10-20 parts Exolit AP 422/ Class HF1 100 parts polyol

The addition rate to achieve a specific fire classification depends heavily on the polyol, blowing agent and foam density.

8

9

Figure 4: PBT VWT 709: Emission behaviour of flexible polyester foams in fire classification SE (FMVSS 302).

1) = Tris(dichloroisopropyl)phosphate* = Federal motor vehicle safety standard

TDCPP 1)*

(8 php)

Exolit OP 560(4 php)

Exolit AP 422(9 php)

no FR

VOC FOG

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

(ppm)

10

halogenated FR Exolit AP 422 no FR

CO HCI HCN

Figure 6: NBS Smoke chamber (ASTM-E 662): Combustion gas analysis of burning rigid,n-pentane based DIN 4102 B2 foams (flaming conditions)

Rigid PU foam

Advantages of Exolit AP:> Enables non-halogenated,

pentane based DIN 4102 B2 formulations

> Easily dispersible in polyols> Perfectly incorporated > No migration, no emissions > Only slight influence on

mechanical foam properties> Reduced smoke values

Advantages of Exolit RP:> Highly efficient> Meet high requirements

Advantages of Exolit OP:> Liquid, reactive (graftable)

phosphorus polyol > Compatible with conventional

production equipment by addingdirectly into the mixing head

1 2 3 4 5 6Time [min]

halogenated FR

no Fr

Exolit AP 422

Figure 5: NBS Smoke chamber (ASTM-E 662): Specific optical smoke densities of burning rigid, n-pentane based DIN 4102 B2 foams

250

200

150

100

50

0

(DS) Flaming conditions

1 2 3 4 5 6Time [min]

halogenated FR

no Fr

Exolit AP 422

100

80

60

40

20

0

(DS) Smoldering conditions

200

180

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

(ppm) Smoke gas analysis

11

Products

Exolit AP 422 White powder D50 15 µm, standard productExolit AP 462 White powder D50 20 µm, microencapsulated for moisture sensitive applications Exolit OP 550 Liquid, medium viscosity, reactive phosphorus polyol (functionality approx. 2)Exolit OP 560 Liquid, medium viscosity, reactive phosphorus polyol (functionality approx. 2)Exolit RP 6520 Red thixotropic dispersion of highly stabilized red phosphorus, carrier: castor oilExolit RP 6580* Red thixotropic dispersion of highly stabilized red phosphorus, carrier: TCPP

The addition rate to achieve a specific fire classification depends heavily on the polyol, blowing agent and foam density.* = Contains halogen

Application area Classification Addition rate

Construction DIN 4102 15-50 parts of Exolit AP 422 Class B2 or AP 462/100 parts of polyol

(depending on the polyols and blowing agents used)

DIN 4102 15-30 parts of Exolit OP 550 Class B2 or OP 560/100 Parts of polyol

(depending on the polyols and blowing agents used)

DIN 4102 10-30 parts of Exolit RP 6520 Class B2 or RP 6580/100 parts of polyol

(additional parts of TCPP are depending on the systems used)

12

Rigid PIR foam

Advantages of Exolit AP:> Easily dispersable in polyols> Perfectly incorporated > No migration, no emissions > Only slight influence on

mechanical foam properties> Reduced smoke values

Advantages of Exolit RP:> Highly efficient> Meets high requirements

(e.g. DIN 4102 B1)

Application area Classification Addition rate

Construction DIN 4102 5-10 parts Exolit AP 422 /Class B2 100 parts polyol (blowing agent

pentane, NCO index 250, combinedwith other non-halogenated liquid flame retardants)

Class B1 15 parts Exolit RP 6580/100 parts polyol (blowing agent R 141b,high NCO index combined with additional TCPP)

NF P 92-501 10-15 parts Exolit RP 6580/100 parts Class M1 polyol (blowing agent R 141b,

high NCO index combined with additional TCPP)

Products

Exolit AP 422 White powder D50 15 µm, standard productExolit AP 462 White powder D50 20 µm, microencapsulated for moisture sensitive applications Exolit RP 6580 Red thixotropic dispersion of highly stabilized red phosphorus, carrier: TCPP

The addition rate to achieve a specific fire classification depends heavily on the polyol, blowing agent and foam density.

13

Integral skin foam

Advantages of the Exolit AP:> Fine cell foam structure > Solid material,

easily dispersible in polyol > No migration> Highly effective> No influence on mechanical

properties

> No plasticizing effects> Low smoke gas corrosivity in

the case of fire> No influence on foam recycling

(e.g. on glycolisis)

Products

Exolit AP 422 White powder D50 15 µm, standard productExolit AP 462 White powder D50 20 µm, microencapsulated for moisture sensitive applications Exolit AP 750 White powder, intumescent flame retardant system based on Exolit AP 422Exolit RP 6520 Red thixotropic dispersion of highly stabilised red phosphorus, carrier: castor oil

The addition rate to achieve a specific fire classification depends heavily on the polyol, blowing agent and foam density.

Application area Classification Addition rate

Construction DIN 4102 10-15 parts Exolit AP 422 / Class B2 100 parts polyol,

rigid integral skin foam

Electrical UL 94 10-15 parts Exolit AP 422 / Class 5V 100 parts polyol,

rigid integral skin foam

The extremely demanding requirements of railway and aircraft standards (e.g. DIN 5510, ABD 031) can be achieved with these highly effective flame retardants in special developed rigid and flexible integral skin formulations

14

Cast resins

Advantages of the systems:> Low smoke gas corrosiveness

in the case of fire> Low filler content> Low processing viscosity and

good flow properties> Exolit RP 6520 does not affect the

electrical properties

Figure 7: Flame retardant concentrations in cast resins: Exolit combined with ATHcompared to pure ATH (aluminia trihydrate)

ATH Exolit AP 422 Exolit RP 6520

ATH ATH + RP 6520ATH + AP 422

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

(php) UL 94 V-0 (1.6 mm)

15

Products

Exolit AP 422 White powder D50 15 µm, standard productExolit AP 462 White powder D50 20 µm, microencapsulated for moisture sensitive applications Exolit RP 6520 Red thixotropic dispersion of highly stabilized red phosphorus, carrier: castor oil

Application area Classification Addition rate

The addition rate to achieve a specific fire classification depends heavily on the polyol, blowing agent and foam density.

Electrical UL 94 10-15 parts Exolit AP 422 /Class V-1, 1.6 mm 100 parts polyolClass V-0, 1.6 mm 20-30 parts Exolit AP 422 combined

with 70-120 parts ATHClass V-0, 1.6 mm 15-25 parts Exolit RP 6520 combined

with 50-100 parts ATH /100 parts polyol

Transportation DIN 5510 25-35 parts Exolit AP 422 combinedClass S4 SR2 ST2 with 20 parts Exolit RP 6520

and 100 parts ATH

This information corresponds to the present state of our knowledge and is intended as a general description of our products and their possible applications. Clariant makes no warranties, express or implied, as to the information’s accuracy, adequacy, sufficiency or freedom from defect and assumes no liability in connection with any use of this information. Any user of this product is responsible for determining the suitability of Clariant’s products for its particular application. * Nothing included in this information waives any of Clariant’s General Terms and Conditions of Sale, which control unless it agrees otherwise in writing. Any existing intellectual/industrial property rights must be observed. Due to possible changes in our products and applicable national and international regulations and laws, the status of our products could change. Material Safety Data Sheets providing safety precautions, that should be observed when handling or storing Clariant products, are available upon request and are provided in compliance with applicable law. You should obtain and review the applicable Material Safety Data Sheet information before handling any of these products. For additional information, please contact Clariant.

* For sales to customers located within the United States and Canada the following applies in addition: NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY IS MADE OF THE MERCHANTABILITY, SUITABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OTHERWISE OF ANY PRODUCT OR SERVICE.

® = Trademark of Clariant registered in many countries

© 2012 Clariant International Ltd DA

400

4 E_

04/1

2

Exactly your chemistry.

www.additives.clariant.com www.exolit.com flameretardants@clariant.com

Clariant International Ltd Business Unit Additives Business Line Flame RetardantsRothausstrasse 61 4132 Muttenz Switzerland Phone: +41-61-469-78 50 Fax: +41-61-469-7550