executive summary draft environmental impact …

NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA The Government of India

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT (Amritsar-Bathinda

Greenfield Highway-155km)

November 2020

Development of access controlled Amritsar-Bathinda Greenfield

Highway starting from Delhi-Amritsar Expressway near

Sultanpur Lodhi (village Tiba) and terminate at Bathinda (near

Sangat Kalan) as a part of Amritsar-Jamnagar Economic

Corridor under Bharatmala Pariyojna

NHAI/Planning/EC/2016/DPR/Lot-2/Punjab/Package-2/51-M

Environmental Consultant

LEA ASSOCIATES SOUTH ASIA PVT. LTD., B-1, E-27, Mohan Cooperative Industrial Estate Mathura Road

New Delhi-110044, India

T: 91-11-2697 3950-52, 41678150

F: 91-11-2697 1062

Email: [email protected]

C A N A D A | I N D I A | A S I A | A F R I C A | M I D D L E E A S T Page | 1

EXECUTIIVE SUMMERY

10.0. BACKGROUND

The traffic on existing roads in the country in general and particularly on highways has increased many

folds with rapid developmental activities in India. It is rendering the existing road capacity inadequate. The

Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has decided on the development of Greenfield highways in

addition to augmentation of the capacity of existing national highways to cope with the situation and for

safe/efficient movement of traffic.

National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has been entrusted by the MORTH the task of development of

Amritsar – Bathinda Greenfield Highway Projects of length 155 km. The proposed Greenfield Highway start

at km 00.00 which is Delhi – Amritsar Expressway near Sultanpur Lodhi (Village Tiba) and end at km

155+00 km at Bathinda (Near Sangat – Kalan) as a part of Amritsar – Jamnagar Economic Corridor Under

Bharatmala Pariyojana.

NHAI has appointed M/s Lea Associate South Asia Pvt Ltd as Consultants for preparation of the Feasibility

Report of the Project Highway to firm up the NHAI’s requirements in respect of development and

construction of the Project Highway and Project Facilities. It will enable the prospective bidders to assess

the NHAI’s requirements in a clear and predictable manner to ensure:

► Enhanced safety and level of service for the road users;

► Superior operation and maintenance enabling enhanced operational efficiency of the Project Highway;

► Minimal adverse impact on the local population and road users due to road construction;

► Minimal adverse impact on environment;

► Minimal additional acquisition of land; and

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of the project is based on the Feasibility Study. DPR (Detailed

Project Report) is yet to be prepared for the project.

10.1. PROJECT PROPONENT

The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) was constituted by an act of Parliament, the National

Highways Authority of India Act, 1988.It an autonomous nodal agency of the Government of India and is

responsible for the development, maintenance and management of National Highways entrusted to it and

for matters connected or incidental thereto.

Thus, NHAI is the nodal authority / project proponent for the development of the highway project under

present study.

DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Development of access controlled Amritsar-Bathinda Greenfield Highway starting from Delhi-

Amritsar Expressway near Sultanpur Lodhi (village Tiba) and terminate at Bathinda (near Sangat

Kalan) as a part of Amritsar-Jamnagar Economic Corridor under Bharatmala Pariyojna


Figure 0-1: Location Map of proposed Greenfield Amritsar Bhatinda Section

10.2. NEED OF THE PROJECT

Development of Amrtisar Jamnagar Economic Corridor is included in Bharatmala Pariyojana. The existing

alignment of Bhatinda-Amritsar road is zigzag and passing through many townships en-route which is

causing difficulty in developing the stretch as access-controlled corridor. Further, its existing ROW is also

only 45m (on an average).

Therefore, the proposed Greenfield Amritsar-Bhatinda section is as an access-controlled facility which is

straighter and also shorter in length. This is taking off from the proposed Delhi-Amritsar Expressway. It is

also expected that it will reduce distance between two nodal points by about 25 km and travel time also

from present 3 to 4 hours to about 1.5 hours. This section will provide through connectivity of Amritsar-

Jamnagar Corridor.

Further, Amritsar and Talwandi Sabo are two important religious (namely Takhat) and tourist centres in the

State of Punjab. These religious places are presently connected to rest of the country through various NH

like NH-71, NH148B, NH-15, NH54 and NH95 etc. Present NH-71 are having four-lane carriageway from

Sulatnpur Lodhi-Moga, from Moga-Kotakpura with 2-lane carriageway and 4-lane from Bajakhana to

Bathinda. The average travel speed for this route section is 60 km per hour. The capacity of NH-71, NH-15

will get exhausted by 2030 in most of sections even after widening to 6/8 lanes and hence, requirement of

widening of existing road / new highway.

Meeting with different stakeholders also shows that the project will witness tremendous growth and

correspondingly traffic. Some of reasons are as follows:

► Economic growth of the project area

► Existing bypass is already congested

► Tremendous growth of Tourists and pilgrimage

It is also studied during the reconnaissance survey that alignment will create seamless connectivity

between Amritsar and Bathinda and further to Rajasthan for the traffic originating from Himachal Pradesh

and Jammu & Kashmir and traffic coming from Jalandhar etc.





10.3. SCOPE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (EA)

The environmental assessment scope includes screening and scoping, environmental assessment and

environmental management plans for the individual project roads as required.

► Collection of baseline information on various components of the environment.

► Identification of areas and aspects that are environmentally or socially significant.

► Conducting community consultations on various environmental and social aspects of the project and documenting the same.

► Determining the magnitude of environmental impacts and formulation of mitigation measures for consideration and incorporation during planning/design, construction and operational phases of the project implementation.

► Preparation of environmental management plans including a program for monitoring environmental impacts, implementation schedule and responsibilities. It also specifies requirements of Institutional strengthening, if any, supervision program and contracting procedures for execution of environmental mitigation works.

10.4. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT ROAD

The Amritsar – Bathinda Greenfield highway has been selected by National Highway Authority of India to

be developed under Bharatmala Pariyojana to 6 lane with earthen shoulder with having PROW of Length

70meters. The total length of the project is 155 Km from Km (Chainage 000+000) to Km 155.00. The project

road passing through the 4 districts with 97 Nos villages viz.

The carriageway width of the present road is generally 10.5 m to 10.5m wide. The area of direct influence

of 500 meters on either side has been considered. The project road runs mainly through plain terrain.

Project Stretch has 2 major bridges and 22 minor bridges. Project stretch has 119 culverts.

The proposed project is a Greenfield highway and falls under Category “A” project as per the schedule of

EIA notification dated 14th September 2006 and its subsequent amendments. Accordingly the proposed

project requires prior Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate

Change (MOEFCC).

There is/are no litigation pending against the proposed project and /or any directions or stay orders passed

by any court of law/any statutory authority.

1.4 PROJECT LOCATION

The project road is passing traverses through four districts, namely, Bhatinda, Jalandhar, Moga, and

Kapurthala in the state of Punjab The major urban stretches along the project highway are given in Table

0-1. The index map of the project location is shown in figure

Table 0-1: Details of start and end point of alignment district wise

S.No District Latitude Longitude

1. Kapurthala

Start (km 00+000 31°18'15.43"N 75°12'18.23"E

End Km 15+200 31°10'3.20"N 75°13'16.75"E

2. Jalandhar

Start (km 15+200 31°10'3.20"N 75°13'16.75"E

End (km 29+100 31° 2'37.89"N 75°14'8.57"E

3. Moga





S.No District Latitude Longitude

Start (km 29+100 31° 2'37.89"N 75°14'8.57"E

End (Km 89+100 30°30'27.42"N 75°12'13.50"E

4. Bathinda

5. Start (km 89+100 30°30'27.42"N 75°12'13.50"E

6. End (km 155 30° 4'29.89"N 74°52'6.85"E

Figure 0-2: Index Map of Green Field Highway

The environmental regulation attracted by the proposed project are given in Table 0-2.

Satluj





Table 0-2: Environmental Regulations and Legislations

S. No

Activity Act and Rules Requirement Competent Authority

Responsible Agency for Obtaining clearance

1. Entry into the forest area for demarcation of forest area for diversion of forest land.

The Indian forest Act, 1927

Permission is required for entering into forest area in written from the District Forest officer (DFO).

Forest Department

PIU, Bathinda

2. Diversion of forest land for road Construction

Forest (Conservation) Act -1980

26.07 Ha of Protected forest along the existing roads and Irrigation Canals

MoEF&CC Regional Office, Chandigarh

PIU, Bathinda

3. Wildlife protected area boundary within 10km from project boundary`.

The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972

Not Applicable National Board for Wildlife (NBWL)

PIU, Bathinda

4. Diversion of forest land for road Construction

Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act 2006

Applicable District Collector or District Magistrate of concern District

PIU, Bathinda

5. Establishment/Operation of stone crusher, Hot Mix Plant, RCC Plant and D.G sets

The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

Consent to Establish (CtE) and Consent to Operate (CtO) under water Act 1974

State Pollution Control Board (SPCB)

. Contractor


The Air (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act, 1981

Consent to Establish (CtE) and Consent to Operate (CtO) under Air Act 1981.


Contractor


Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) rules 2000

Consent to Establish (CtE) and Consent to Operate (CtO) under Noise Rules, 2000.

State Pollution Control Board (SPCB

Contractor

8. Filling of roadside naturally protected water bodies

The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017

Permission of filling of protected water bodies – Not applicable

Central Wetland Regulatory Authority

No permission is required

9. Protection from hazardous material and accident

Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991

Contractor need to stock hazardous material like diesel, bitumen, emulsions, etc.

- Contractor

10. Vehicles used for construction of roads.

Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1988 and central motor vehicles rules 1989.

All vehicles used for road work need Pollution Under Control (PUC) Certificate

Motor Vehicles Department

Contractor





S. No

Activity Act and Rules Requirement Competent Authority

Responsible Agency for Obtaining clearance

11. Used of Hazardous material and handling for construction of roads

The Hazardous Wastes (Management And Handling) Rules, 1989

NoC for stocking and usage


Concessioner/ Contractor

12. For construction of road falling within prohibited area of notified Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Site and Remains

The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Site and Remains (Amendment and Validation ) Act, 2010

No monuments and archaeological sites as listed by Central Government & State Government is reported within 100 meters of restricted zone and 200 meters regulated zone from PROW Boundary

Director General appointed by Central Government

PIU, Bathinda

13. For borrow area (Mining of borrow earth) for road filling Or Mining of river bed sand for road construction activity

Environmental Clearance under EIA notification dated 15

th January

2016 issued by MoEF&CC, Letter No. 125, S.O 141E.

Permission will be required if ordinary earth mining is needed for road development Or For extraction of river bed sand

0-5 Ha. Category (B2) – DEAC/DEIAA >5 Ha and <25 Ha (B2) – SEAC/SEIAA ≥25 Ha and <50Ha. Category (B1) – SEAC/SEIAA ≥50 Ha. Category (A) – Category


14. Use and storage of explosive for quarry blasting or blasting of rocks along the PROW

Indian Explosive Act 1984

Explosive licence for use and storage

Chief Controller of Explosive


15. Storage of fuel oil, lubricants, diesel, etc. at construction site

Manufacturing storage and import of Hazardous Chemical Rules 1989

Permission for storage of Hazardous chemical

State pollution control boards for respective section and or Local Authority (DC)


16. Extraction of ground water Ground water rules of 2002

Permission of extraction of Ground water for usage in road construction

State ground water board


17 Use of fly ash for road filling and for other construction works

Fly Ash Notification, 28 April, 2016 .

Thermal Power Plant within 300 km from the Proposed alignment

MoEF&CC Contractor

The brief summery of the project is discussed in Table 0-3.





Table 0-3: Summary of Project Details

S. No Particulars Proposed 1. Road Length 155 km 2. Carriageway 6 Lane without Paved Shoulder 3. ROW 70 m 4. Area 1086 Private & Government Land

26.07 Ha Protected Forest Land 5. Realignment / Bypasses Nil 6. Junctions Nil 7. Flyover 7 8. Rail Over Bridge 6 9. Bus Bay/ Shelter At every 50km of Green Field Expressway 10. Truck/ Bus Lay bye At every 50km of Green Field Expressway 11. Rest Area with Toilets At every 50km of Green Field Expressway 12. Toll Plaza 11 13. Major Bridges 6 Nos; Construction of 6 lane 14. Minor Bridges (MNRB) 22 Nos; Construction of New – 6 lane 15. Culverts 119 16. Vehicle Underpass (VUP) 6

17. Special Vehicular Underpass (SVUP) &

MNRB 3

18. SVUP & Culverts 1 19. VUP cum MNRB 1

Source: Primary Survey & Records

10.5. BASE LINE ENVIRONMENT

Data was collected from secondary sources for the macro-environmental setting like climate, physiography

(Geology and slope), biological and socio-economic environment within Project Influence Area. Firsthand

information has been collected to record the micro-environmental features within Corridor of Impact, CoI.

Collection of first hand (Primary) information includes preparation of base maps, extrapolating

environmental features on proposed road design, tree enumeration, location and measurement of socio-

cultural features abutting project road.

10.5.1. Physical Environment

Physiography and Terrain

The district of Kapurthala1 has total geographic area 1633 sq.km and is situated in Bist Doab plain area

enclosed by the river Satluj and Beas. The district is surrounded by the district of Amritsar in west,

Hoshiyarpur in North, Jalandhar in East and Ferozpur in South. The district of Kapurthala1 is divided in two

main physiography divisions, namely, (i) Beas low land plains and (ii) the upland plains. Kapurthala,

Sultanpur lodhi and Bulath tehsil form one part and another one is Phagwara tehsil. The lowland of Beas,

called as bets, covers north-western and southern peripheries of the district. The upland area covers the

area beyond Sultanpur Lodhi and Kapurthala and whole of Phagwara tehsil. The Kapurthala district

occupies Indo-Gangetic alluvium2.





10.5.2. Geology and Soil

Kapurthala is the part of vast Indus gangetic plain and is occupied by Quaternary to present day sediments

of fluvial as well as Aeolian origin3. These Quaternary sediments un-conformably overlie the Siwalik Group

of rocks. The Aeolian deposits occur as sand dunes and sheets.

Two type of soils, namely, sierozem soils and desert soils are found in the district. Sierozem soils are found

in the major part of district and desert soils are found comparatively in smaller portion of the district.

The district of Bhatinda is occupied by Indo-Gangetic alluvial plain of Quaternary age. The

predominant geological formation of the district is alluviumError! Bookmark not defined.. Major soils found in

the district are Arid brown & Siezoram soilsError! Bookmark not defined..

As shown in seismic zone4 map of India, the districts of Kapurthala and Jalendhar are falling in seismic zone

IV whereas Bahtinda and Moga districts are in Zone III.

Climatology and Air Quality

The climate of the state of Punjab is continental. Summers are very hot. The districts through which the

project alignment of proposed Greenfield highway is also characterized by a very hot summer and bracing

winter. June is generally the hottest month. Maximum temperature reaches up to about 450C during the

summer season and scorching hot winds laden with dust blown also prevails during this season.

The concentration of PM 10 and PM 2.5 are observed to be more than the prescribed values of NAAQS for

PM10 (100µg/m3) and PM2.5 (60 µg/m3). It may be attributed due to various activities in the rural areas

during the post monsoon period. The concentration of SO2 and NOx are observed well within the prescribed

limits. Hourly concentrations of CO are reported to be less than 1mg/m3.

Ambient Noise Quality

Based on the identification of sensitive receptor 20 locations has been identified for noise level

monitoring. Day time equivalent noise level in the study area varied between 47.3 to 53.19 dB(A).

Correspondingly, the night time equivalent noise level ranged between 37.65 to 43.78 dB(A). The

maximum (53.19 dBA) was observed at monitoring station N16 in day time and the minimum ( 47.23 dBA)

at monitoring station (N3) during night-time.

Drainage:

The area is mainly drained by river Satluj River and by 8 natural drains. River Satluj is perennial and often

subject to floods during rainy season. It does contain some water in its upper course throughout the year.

Punjab is located in northwestern part of the Indian sub-continent. Punjab region is enclosed between

Himalayan region in the north and desert from the south. Punjab is bordered by Jammu and Kashmir in

north; Himachal Pradesh in east, Rajasthan and Haryana in south while international border with Pakistan

Province of Punjab. Ensuing points provides topography of the project roads.





Ground water quality

The pH value ranges between 7.16 to 8.42 with highest pH value reported at Chak Bhaktu location. The

highest TDS is reported at location WQ4 (Lehra Mohabbata) which is 2602.0 whereas the permissible limit

as per IS:10500 (2012) is 2000. For other monitored parameter the ground water characteristic is well

within the permissible limit.

Soil Quality Monitoring:

Eight sampling locations were selected for soil monitoring. The result of soil analysis shows that the pH of

soil for all monitoring location ranges between 8.11 to 8.38. The electrical conductivity of the soil ranges

between 450.0 to 544.0 umhos/cm, the water holding capacity ranges between 18.0 to 20.0.

10.5.3. Biological Environment

The study area has been marked as 10 km radial distance from the proposed alignment. The study area

around the project site mainly comprises of Agricultural habitat. The project area falls in Semi –Arid Zone

as per the Biogeographic Classification and in 4A-Semi Arid Punjab Plain as per the Biotic Province map of

India. As per the Champion and Seth’s Classification the forest type reported in the project district are

Northern Dry mixed deciduous forest 5B/C 1 and Dry Deciduous Scrub Forests 5B/C2. The dominant

species reported in these forest areas are Acacia Catechu, Acacia Nilotica, Acacia Leucophloea, Sissoo,

Bombax ceiba, Emblica officinalis, Lannea grandis, Toona ciliate, Azadirachta indica, Cassia fistula,

Anogeissus latifolia etc. The shrubs reported area Carissa opaca, Grewia optiva, Adhatoda vasica etc. Strip

Forest of Punjab:

All linear strips along major roads, canals, drains, and rail tracks were declared as protected forests by the

State Government in 1958 and subsequently brought under the management of forest Department. The

total forest area under strip amounts to 732.93 sq Km. The species planted under this strips are Eucalyptus,

Kikar, Neem, Shisham, Khejri, Drek, Siris, and Maharukh, Jamun, Arjun, White Siris, Rajain,,etc. These strip

forest attract the provisions of the Indian Forest Act, 1927, Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 and Cattle

Trespass Act, 1871.

Forest Land Diversion:

The proposed project will involve diversion of 26.07 Ha. of forest land, which is Protected Forest type

located along existing road, canal, railways line, etc. The table below gives the details of forest area

distribution

Wildlife Protected area: No wildlife protected area within 10 km radius of the proposed project.

Biodiversity in the Study Area:

The study area comprises of Agrarian Eco –System. About 47% of the state is under agricultural practices.

The state is known to harbor great variety of genetic variability. The area under wheat cultivation has

increased from 69% in 1970-71 to 100% in 2000-01 and remained the same thereafter. Similarly, area

under rice comprised 33% of total area under rice in 1970-71. It increased to 100% in 2005. This has

resulted in the loss of desecrated floral biodiversity of the state. The increase in area under paddy has led

to decline in area under other major kharif crops like maize, bajra, jowar, sugarcane, groundnut, pulses,

etc. The increase in wheat cultivation has been at the expense of cutting down the area under other rabi





season crops especially gram, barley, rapeseed, mustard and sunflower. Area under total pulses and

oilseeds has reduced sharply. This includes many leguminous crops like groundnut, legume and guar.

The Agrarian practice of the district mainly comprises of cultivation of Wheat, Rabi Oil Seed, Rabi Pulses

cotton, paddy Kharif Pulses. Vegetables farming are done at local level by individual or sold in local market.

Photographs showing Agricultural Practices in Project Area

Flora of the Project Area

The Flora reported along the proposed alignment are mainly planted species done by the local farmers for

personal or for commercial usage. The naturally growing species are limited to scrub land or along the

natural streams where farming practices are absent. The common species of flora reported Azadirachta

indical, Dalbergia sisoo (Sheesham), Terminalia belarica (behada), Populus trichocarpa, Syzygium cumini

(Jamun), Euclayptus sp., Albizia lebbeck (siris), Acacia catechu (khair), Shorea robusta (Sal, Shakhu),

Madhua longifolia (mahua), Butea monosperma (Dhak,palash), Ficus religiosa (Peepal), Ficus semicordata

(khainu), Ficus bengalensis (Bargad), Terminalia alata (Asna, Asain), Oroxylum indicum, Holoptelia

intgrifolia (Dhamina) Ziziphus mauritiana (Bair), Cassia fistula (Amaltash), Pongamia pinnata (Karanj),

Sterculia, Aegle marmelos, Anthocephalus kadamba, , Callistemon viminalis, Cedrella toona, Delonix regia,

Emblica officinalis, Eucalyptus, Morus alba, etc. at places, successful plantation of Tectona grandis (teak),

Popular sp. and Euclayptus sp. has been reported.





The dominant shrub in the area are Acacia sp,, Murraya koenigii (gandella kathneem), Holarrhena

pubescens (Kachari), Lantana camara (Kuri), Zizyphus marutiana (Ber), Zizyphus oenoplia (Makoi),

Colebrookea oppositifolia (Chavova, binda), Carrisa opaca, Glycosmis arborea (Gutaharu), Ardisia solanacea

(Jalkaima), Grevia hirsuta (Seetachabeni), Grevia subenaequalis (Pharsa), Crotolaria juncea (Bansai),

Adathoda vasica (Bansa, Adusa), Jetropha gossypifolia (Lal arand), Xynthoxylum armatum (Timur), Rubus

Ellipticus (Hisalu), Berberis lycium (Kingor) etc.

The most common herb including grasses and sedges, from the ground flora of the forest as well as the

grassland amidst forest. some of them are Cannabis sativa (Bhang), Ocimum basciliicum (bantulasi), Cassia

tora (Chakwar), Lerodendron viscosum (bhant), Boerhavia diffusa (Punarnava), Echinops echinatus,

Malvastrum coromendilianum (Bariari), Vernonea cineria (Sahdevi), Achyranthus aspera, Argimone

maxicana (Bharbhanda), Solanum surratens (Bhatkataiya), Tribulus terrestris (Gokharu), Saccharum

spontaneum (kans), Desmostychya bipinnata (kush), Adiantum incisum etc.

Fauna:

The project area is subjected to agrarian habitat, which is human induced. No reserve forest or wild

animals habitat are reported. Wild animals like mongoose, golden fox, wild boar, etc. Domesticated

mammals like cow, buffalo, horse, dog, domestic cat, etc are reported during primary survey.

10.5.4. Socio -Economic Condition

Total Population

The total population of project impacted districts is nearly 5393029 which a majority live in the district of

Jalandhar (40.67%) followed by Bathinda (25.75), Moga (18.46%), Kapurthala (15.12%). The population

percentage of the project influence districts is reflected in the Table 0-4.

Table 0-4: Total Population

Name of State Name of Districts Population Percentage

Punjab

Jalandhar 2193590 40.67

Kapurthala 815168 15.12

Moga 995746 18.46

Bathinda 1388525 25.75

Total 5393029 100 Source: Census of India, 2011.

10.5.5. Population Density

Population density of the Project influenced districts varies considerably as per the census data of 2011,

which clearly suggests that the density of population in the project influenced area has increased during

1991-2001. Punjab had an overall 3.51% rise in its population density in last one decade. Any significant

increase in population density brings in two demographic factors that determines it i.e. natural increase in

population and migration. Further, natural increase depends on the fertility and mortality rates. This is

evident from the Table 0-5

Table 0-5: Population Density of the Affected Districts

Population Density % age increase in Population

Density States/Districts 2001 2011

Punjab 484 501 3.51

Jalandhar 748 836 11.76





Population Density % age increase in Population

Density States/Districts 2001 2011

Kapurthala 462 499 8.01

Moga 400 444 11

Bathinda 353 414 17.28

Source: Census of India, 2011

10.5.6. Rural and Urban Population

The rural and urban population of the project influenced State/districts as indicated in the Table 0-6.

Table 0-6: Rural and Urban Population

States/Districts Rural Urban Total

Punjab 17344192 10399146 2,77,43,338

Jalandhar 1032419 1161171 21,93,590

Kapurthala 532706 282462 8,15,168

Moga 768500 227246 9,95,746

Bhatinda 889308 499217 13,88,525 Source: Census of India, 2011.

10.5.7. Sex Ratio

Sex ratio of Bhatinda district (868 females per 1000 males) is lower than that of other district and state.

Among the project influenced districts, a comparative analysis to other concerned State /Districts figures is

presented in Table 0-7

Table 0-7: Sex Ratio

States/Districts Overall Sex Ratio Sex Ratio of child population in

the age group of 0-6 yrs

Punjab 895 846

Jalandhar 915 874

Kapurthala 912 871

Moga 893 860

Bhatinda 868 854 Source: Census of India, 2011.

10.5.8. Vulnerable Population

The census 2011 data reveals that the percentage of SC population is higher in Jalandhar district. Table 0-8

reflects the details of all project influenced districts in this regard.

Table 0-8: Vulnerable Population

States/

District

Total

Population

SC

Population

Tribal

Population

% of SC out of total

population

% of ST out of total

population

Punjab 2,77,43,338 8850125 0 31.9 0

Jalandhar 21,93,590 854444 0 38.95 0

Kapurthala 8,15,168 276342 0 33.9 0

Moga 9,95,746 230017 0 23.1 0

Bhatinda 13,88,525 4,50,473 0 32.4 0 Source: Census of India 2011





10.5.9. Literacy Rate

Literacy rate of the affected districts is either at par or higher than the literacy rate of the respective states.

Out of the 4 impacted districts, Jalandhar and Kapurthala has the highest literacy rate of 82.48% and

79.07% respectively Bhatinda has the lowest literacy rate of 68.28%. It is also clear from the Table 0-9 that

the literacy rate of other districts is also higher than the national literacy rate.

Table 0-9: Literacy Rate

States / Districts Literacy Rate (Percentage)

Punjab 75.84

Jalandhar 82.48

Kapurthala 79.07

Moga 70.68

Bhatinda 68.28 Source: Census of India 2011

10.5.10. Potential Impact

Table 0-10: below presents the general environmental impacts expected due to the proposed road project.

Impacts have been assessed based on the first hand information collected from the screening & scoping of

environmental attributes. The quanta of all the impacts on Natural Environment are analyzed in detail.

Table 0-10: Impacts Matrix due to proposed Green Field Highway

Sl. No

Activities

Impacts on Physical Environment

Biological Environment

Geology Topo--graphy

Air Water Noise Flora Fauna Natural

Drainage Soil

A. CONSTRUCTION PHASE

1 Labour Camp Activities

-Ve/T

2 Quarrying -Ve/T -Ve/T -Ve/T -Ve/T -Ve/T -Ve/P

3 Material Transport & Storage

-Ve/T -Ve/T

4 Earthwork -Ve/T -Ve/T -Ve/T

5 Pavement Works -Ve/T -Ve/T -Ve/T -Ve/T -Ve/T -Ve/P

6 Use of Construction Equipments

-Ve/T -Ve/T -Ve/T -Ve/T

7 Plantation +Ve/P +Ve/P +Ve/P

8 Drainage Works +Ve/P

9 Toll Plaza Construction

-Ve/T -Ve/T

10 Culvert & Bridge Construction

-Ve/T -Ve/T +Ve/P

11 Stripping of Top Soil

-Ve/T

12 Debris Generation -Ve/T -Ve/T

13 Oil & Grease -Ve/P -Ve/T

B. OPERATIONAL PHASE

1 Vehicular Movement

+Ve/P -Ve/P

2 Impacts on forest areas including

The Proposed project will involve diversion of 26.07 Ha of Protected Forest area laying along the existing road, canal, railway line etc..





Sl. No

Activities

Impacts on Physical Environment

Biological Environment

Geology Topo--graphy

Air Water Noise Flora Fauna Natural

Drainage Soil

wildlife sanctuary, national park

No Wildlife Sanctuary is located within 10 km radius of PROW.

3 Employment Will provide employment to about 500 people during construction phase and 100 people during operation phase.

10.5.11. Environmental Management Plan

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) deals with the implementation procedure of the guidelines and

measures recommended to avoid, minimize and mitigate environmental impacts of the project. It also

includes management of measures suggested for enhancement of the environmental quality along the

highways. The institutional arrangement made under project will look into the implementation of project

as well as EMP and the various legal settings applicable to the project.

The avoidance, mitigation & enhancement measures for protection of the environment along highways

have been discussed in detail in Chapter 9. Although the social environmental impacts, its mitigation and

management is an essential component of the EMP, this chapter excludes it for the purpose of clarity and

procedural requirements. Social environmental elements have been separately dealt in separate volume

namely, Resettlement and Rehabilitation Action Plan (RAP).

10.5.12. Environmental Monitoring Plan

The environmental monitoring plan for the project for the individual infrastructure components is

presented in Chapter 6. The proposed monitoring of all relevant environmental parameters, with a

description of the sampling stations, frequency of monitoring, applicable standards and responsible

agencies are presented.

10.5.13. Additional Studies

Consultations were conducted in the villages falling along the project route in this package, where the

magnitude of impact was considered to be severe. These consultations involved the PAPs and people’s

representatives, elected panchayat and municipality. The contributions from the community included

suggestions on engineering design, land acquisition, road crossings, ROBs, vehicular underpasses, service

lanes, road safety, impact on properties both built-up and non-built up, toll collection, way side amenities,

operation and maintenance infrastructure including, patrol cars, ambulances, restaurants, canteen and

petrol pumps and mechanics shops etc. The details of consultation are discussed in chapter – 7. This

chapter also discuss about risk involve, disaster and traffic management plan.

10.5.14. Cost Estimates for Environmental Management

Mitigation measures proposed in the EMP will be implemented by the Contractor. The works to be

undertaken by the Contractor have been quantified and the quantities included in the respective BOQ

items such as earth works, slope protection, noise barriers, road safety features, and shrub plantation.

Provisional quantities have also been included for additional measures that may be identified during

construction and for silt fencing which will depend on the contractors work methods and site locations.

Items and quantities have also been included for enhancement measures. More general environmental

management measures to be followed by the contractor have been included in the specifications and this





EMP. These cannot be quantified and are to be included in the contract rates. A total of Rs. 23,12,90,021

crore has been allocated for the environmental management for the project road.

executive summary draft environmental impact …

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