european imperialism africa
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EUROPEAN IMPERIALISM in
AFRICA“One of History’s More Brutal and Insensitive
Episodes”
Imperialism Seizure of a country or territory by a stronger
nation for their own Political, Economic, or Social GAINS
AFRICAN CONTINENT Hundreds of different Ethnic and Linguistic
groups Large Empires to small independent states
Getting to the Interior Vaccines against Malaria Maxim Gun Steam-powered Riverboats Original Motives:
Explore, Missionaries, Humanitarian
CONGO David Livingston in
1860 Journalist Henry
Stanley wrote while searching for Livingston
Sparked interest of KING LEOPOLD II Belgium
Abolish Slavery and promote Christianity????
Brutality in the Congo Brutally exploited Congolese for sap from rubber plants 10 million died Started a long History of Brutality in Congo
Listen to the yell of Leopold’s Ghost
Burning in Hell for his hand-maimed host
Hear how the demons chuckle and yell
Cutting his hands off, down in Hell
“Off With the Hands”
Bigger Picture http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uu6-TLC0NR
Q&feature=related
What is your reaction to this video? Who is to blame? What can be done?
Driving Force Industrial Revolution Social Darwinism
Better and more fit than Africans Strongest will survive
BERLIN CONFERENCE1884 – 1885
14 EUROPEAN NATIONS Could claim land by notifying others and show
you could control it Who is Missing?
Results New Boundaries Created Rival Tribes forced to live together in same
“States” Europeans Industrialize Railroads, Highways,
and Mines CECIL RHODES: British Business man, supporter
of imperialist expansion (DeBeers)
African Resistance African tribes joined together to resist
Europeans All were eventually Un-Successful EXCEPT Ethiopia
Defeated the Italians in 1896 Menelik II pitted Brits, French, and Italians
against each other WHY?
South Africa Africans, Dutch, and British Zulus
Zulu nation fell to Brits by 1887 Boers “Dutch Farmers”
Clashed with Brits over slaves and land GREAT TREK North to escape Brits
Fought with Zulus Found Diamonds and Gold
Boer War Diamonds and Gold by 1880s British v Boers
Brutality v Commando War Tactics Black South Africans captured and Killed
(14,000) British win in 1910 Union of South Africa under British Flag
New Imperialism Type of Rule
Direct: French Paternalism Assimilation
Indirect: British Strong Military
Effects of Imperialism New Political and Economic Systems
Justice Direct/Indirect Rule
Material Improvements Communication and Transportation Hospitals/ Sanitation
Education Elite ONLY European History