European Colonization of the European Colonization of the AmericasAmericas

Spanish in North AmericaSpanish in North America

After 1492 – Spain builds empire in North After 1492 – Spain builds empire in North AmericaAmerica

Why?Why? Spread Christianity-built missionsSpread Christianity-built missions Built forts to protect the missionsBuilt forts to protect the missions Gain wealthGain wealth Win fameWin fame

““God, Gold and Glory”God, Gold and Glory”

Spanish ExplorersSpanish Explorers

Ponce de LeonPonce de Leon –Fountain of Youth. Named –Fountain of Youth. Named FloridaFlorida

BalboaBalboa – 1 – 1stst European to see the Pacific European to see the Pacific Ocean from American soilOcean from American soil

MagellanMagellan – His exploration team sailed – His exploration team sailed around the world.around the world.

CortesCortes – Conquered Aztec Empire – Conquered Aztec Empire PizarroPizarro – Conquered Incan Empire – Conquered Incan Empire

ConquistadorConquistadormeansmeans

“Spanish conqueror”“Spanish conqueror”

English ColonizationEnglish Colonization1600’s1600’s

John Cabot – 1John Cabot – 1stst to cross the Atlantic to cross the Atlantic Henry Hudson- discovered Hudson BayHenry Hudson- discovered Hudson Bay Sir Francis Drake – attacked Spanish ships.Sir Francis Drake – attacked Spanish ships.

““SEA DOG”SEA DOG”

Hudson and Cabot – searching for Northwest Hudson and Cabot – searching for Northwest PassagePassage

Why Colonize N. America?Why Colonize N. America?

Base to attack Spanish shipsBase to attack Spanish ships Helped in the search for a Northwest Helped in the search for a Northwest

passagepassage New markets for English merchantsNew markets for English merchants Place to send the out of work and homeless Place to send the out of work and homeless

from Englandfrom England

JamestownJamestown

Settled in 1607Settled in 1607 Settlers grew tobacco-needed workers for Settlers grew tobacco-needed workers for

plantations. Indentured servants and then plantations. Indentured servants and then slaves.slaves.

John Smith – leaderJohn Smith – leader 1614 House of Burgesses – first example of 1614 House of Burgesses – first example of

limited self-government in English colonieslimited self-government in English colonies

French ExplorersFrench Explorers

VerrazanoVerrazano – searched for Northwest – searched for Northwest PassagePassage

ChamplainChamplain – Founded Quebec – Founded Quebec CartierCartier - “New France” – was claimed by - “New France” – was claimed by

France. Canada and parts of America.France. Canada and parts of America.

Why did the French come?Why did the French come?

French sold fur for great gain in Europe.French sold fur for great gain in Europe. High fashion in 1600’s to wear fur.High fashion in 1600’s to wear fur.

Native Americans trapped animals and Native Americans trapped animals and traded their fur to the French.traded their fur to the French.

PuritansPuritans

Broke away from the Anglican church in Broke away from the Anglican church in England. Persecuted in England. Wanted a England. Persecuted in England. Wanted a “purer” kind of church.“purer” kind of church.

PlymouthPlymouth

1620 - 100 pilgrims settle Plymouth Colony1620 - 100 pilgrims settle Plymouth Colony

Mayflower CompactMayflower Compact - Agreement made by - Agreement made by settlers to obey all of their government’s settlers to obey all of their government’s laws.laws.

Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies

New York-1624 by Dutch. Taken by New York-1624 by Dutch. Taken by English.English.

New JerseyNew Jersey PennsylvaniaPennsylvania DelawareDelaware Settlers came from a variety of countries.Settlers came from a variety of countries.

Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies

VirginiaVirginia Maryland – Roman Catholics only. 1634.Maryland – Roman Catholics only. 1634. North CarolinaNorth Carolina South CarolinaSouth Carolina Georgia – settled by debtorsGeorgia – settled by debtors