ethno veternary medicinal plants a lecture by mr allah dad khan

Ethno Veterinary Medicinal Plants ByMr. Allah Dad Khan

Former Director General Agriculture Extension

KPK and Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture PeshawarDated 7th October 2015

Ethnoveterinary medicine• (EVM) considers that traditional practices ofveterinary

medicine are legitimate and seeks to validate them.• Many non-Western traditions of veterinary medicine

exist, such as acupuncture and herbal medicine in China, Tibetan veterinary medicine, Ayurveda in India, etc.

• These traditions have written records that go back thousands of years, for example the Jewish sources in the Old Testament and Talmud and the Sri Lankan 400-year-old palm-leaf frond records of veterinary treatments

Importance of Ethnoveternary Medicines

• 1.Ethno-veterinary medicines/remedies are practical in use, effective and cheap.

• 2.They rely on local plants or easily materials.• 3.They reflect centuries of experience of application and

learning .• 4.Traditional veterinary medicines was experienced as early as

1800 B.C.• 5.The use of ethno veterinary medicines present a sustainable

alternative to synthetic medicines.• 6. Farmers are familiar with the various materials available in

their environment, and skilfully take advantage of their various qualities.

• 7. Knowledgeable farmers, herders and local healers are treasurers of knowledge and can be valuable partners in development projects

1. Aconitum violaceum Jack. ex Stapf.(PATRIS)

Ethno Botany and Ethnovetrinary

• Family-Ranunculaceae Ln: Patris;

• Loc: Kashmir,KPK,Baluchistan

• Pu: Rhizome • Ethno-Veterinary uses: The

rhizome is grinded and mixed with wheat flour .It is given to cattle for the treatment of lungs diseases.

2.Acacia Arabica ( BabuL)

Ethno Botany and Ethnovetrinary• Family Leguminosae Acacia arabicaAcacia , Babul , wattle Bark

, Indian GumLoc. All over PakistanPU . Pods

Ethno-Veterinary uses:Antidiarrhoeal

3. Adhatoda vasica Nees ( Bhaikar)

Ethno Botany and Ethnovetrinary • Family-Acanthaceae • Ln: Bhaikar;• Loc: KPK • Pu: Leaves; Habit: Shrub

• Ethno-Veterinary uses: A poultice of leaves is used for fresh wounds healing and inflammatory swellings

4. Aesculus indica (Wall. Ex Camb.) Hk.f. ( Bankhor)


• Family-Hippocastanaceae • Ln: Bankhor; • L oc: Nathia Galli; • Pu: Seeds; Habit: Tree • Ethno-Veterinary uses: Seeds

are grinded to powder form, mixed with maize flour and tablets are formed. One tablet is given daily to goats and hoarses in stomach troubles and colic

5. Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle(darawa)


• Family-Simarubaceae • Ln: Darawa;• L oc: KPK• Pu: Leaves • Habit: Tree

• Ethno-Veterinary uses: Leaves are used as fodder to bring the cattle into heat but milking cattles are not given. Also used as purgative

6. Allium sepa Linn. (Piaz)


• Family-Liliaceae• Ln: Piaz; • Loc: All over Pakistan)• Pu: Tubers and seeds; • Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses: Seeds are

given to hens in case of Rani Khait disease. Crushed bulbs are given to cattle to remove external parasites and maggots from wounds and given to buffaloes in fever.

7. Amranthus viridis Linn.( Chalvera)


• Family-Amaranthaceae • Ln: Chalvera; • Loc: KPK , AJK,GB• Pu: Whole plant;• Habit: Herb• Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Fresh plants are given to cattle as purgative in case of constipation.

8.Annona Squamosa ( sharifa)


• Family-Annonaceae• Ln: Sharifa L • Pu: Fruit ;• Habit: Tree ( cultivated)• Ethno-Veterinary

uses:Wound healing; foot and mouth diseases

9. Arisaema flavum (Forsska.)Schott (Soorganda)


• Family-Araceae • Ln: Soorganda; • Loc: Nathiagali;• Pu: Seeds; • Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Seeds are given to poultry against “Rani Khait” disease

10. Artemisia maritima Linn.(chaow)


• Family-Asteraceae• Ln: Chaow; • L oc: Sherwan;• Pu: Whole plant;• Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses: The

flowering heads and young branches are given for expelling round worms

11. Artemisia vulgaris Linn.


• Family-Asteraceae • Ln: Chaow; • L oc: KPK,NA,BN• Pu: Whole plant;• Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses: The

whole plant is dried and crushed into powder form and given to horses in colic. Dried leaves are given as anthelmintic

12.Asparagus racemosus (shatavar)


• Family-Asparagaceae• Ln: Shatavar • Loc : Cultivated• Pu: Whole plant;• Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses:Galactogague

immunemodulator

13.Azadiracta indica


• Family :o Meliaceae o LN Neemo Pu: Leaves , Fruit o Habit : Tree• Ethno-Veterinary uses: Wound Healing , Skin

Diseases

14. Bacopa monnieri ( Thyme)


• Family : PlantaginaceaeLN : ThymePU :RootsLoc: CultivatedEthno-Veterinary usesAnxiolutic

15. Berberis lycium Royle. (sumbal)


• Family-Berberidaceae• Ln: Sumbal; Loc: • Sherwan/Thandiani;• Pu: Root barks; • Habit: Shrub

• Ethno-Veterinary uses: Dried root bark is mixed with Ghee and

heated. This is used as bandage on the broken organs. Powdered root bark is used as antiseptic and for healing of wounds. It is also given for internal injury.

16. Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb. (butpewa)


• Family-Saxifragaceae• Ln: Butpewa; • Loc: Nathia Galli; • Pu: Rhizome; Habit: Herb

• Ethno-Veterinary uses: Powdered rhizome is mixed with gur

(Raw sugar) and wheat flour. Tablets are made and given in case of internal injury .Powder of rhizome is used as antiseptic on wounds

17. Brassica compestris Linn. (Sarsoon)

Ethno Botany and Ethnovetrinary• Family-Crucifeae • Ln: Sarsoon;• Loc: cultivated.• Pu: Seeds/Oil; • Habit: Herb• Ethno-Veterinary uses: Seeds oil is

mixed with curd and is given to ploughing bulls. It is considered that this gives strength to their legs. Seed cakes locally known as “khal” are obtained after extracting oil and used as tonic and fodder for milking cattle

18. Buddleja asiatica Lour. (ChittiBui)


• Family- Buddlejaceae Ln: Chitti Bui;

• Loc: Sherwan;• Pu: Leaves; • Habit: Shrub • Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Dried leaves are applied on the body of animals to prevent mites

19. Butea monosperma (Lam.) ( ChmkaT)


• Family- Leguminosae • Ln: Chamkat; • Loc: KPK• Pu: Seeds; • Habit: Shrub • Ethno-Veterinary uses: Seeds

are used to expel worms from stomach. Seeds powder is used to expel larvae from ulcers

20. Calotropis procera .


• Family-Asclepiadaceae• Ln: AK• Pu: Latix• Habit: Herb• Ethno-Veterinary uses: • Milky latex of plant is applied on inflamed

areas to relieve inflammation and on snakebite to neutralize poison. The leaves and flowers are crushed and the paste is mixed with honey to cure flatulence, anorexia, indigestion and intestinal worm infestation. The root powder is mixed with butter and this ointment is applied to rabid dog bite. This ointment is also applied on the paralyzed limbs.

21. Catharanthus roseus Linn.


• Family- Apocynaceae• Ln: Sadabahar; • Loc: KPK • Pu: Whole plant; • Habit: Shrub• Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Whole plant is poisonous, used to remove maggots from wounds in animals.

22. Cedrella serrata Royle


• Family - Meliaceae • Ln: Tun;• Loc: KPK• Pu: Leaves • Habit: Tree • Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Leaves are given to cattle as purgative

23. Cissampelos pariera Linn. (ghora sum)


• Family - Menispermaceae Ln: Ghora sum;

• Loc: KPK• Pu: Leaves; • Habit: Climber• Ethno-Veterinary uses: Fresh leaves are crushed and water is

mixed and placed open in dew for a night. The colour is changed from green to red. This is given to sheep as tonic and in many other diseases.

24. Colebrookea (Palpudar)


• Family - Lamiaceae • Ln: Palpudar;• Loc: KPK; • Pu: Leaves; • Habit: Shrub• Ethno-Veterinary uses: • The leaves are applied to

wounds to remove maggots

25. Commelina benghalensis Linn

Ethno Botany and Ethnovetrinary• Family - Commelinaceae • Ln: Angalra;• Loc: KPK• Pu: Leaves;• Habit: Herb

• Ethno-Veterinary uses: In soreness and redness of eyes

juice of the plant is applied in the eyes.

26. Cronopus didymus Linn.


• Family- Crucifeae• Ln: Ghandi booti; • Loc: KPK• Pu: Whole plant; • Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses: Paste of the plant is used

to remove maggots from wounds in animals

27. Crotalaria juncea Linn.


• Family- Leguminosae• Ln: Butpewa; • Loc: Nathia Galli; • Pu: Seeds; • Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Seeds are given to cattle to increase milk.

28. Curcuma longa Linn.


• Family-Zingiberaceae Ln: Haldar;

• Loc: KPK• Pu: Rhizome; • Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses: The

powder of rhizome is mixed in” Ghee” warmed and applied as a bandage on the broken organs and healing of wounds.

29. Daphne mucronata Schreb


• . Family-Thymelaeaceae • Ln: Kuttilal;• Loc: KPK; • Pu: Bark; • Habit: Shrub Ethno-

Veterinary uses: Bark is peeled off from branches and tied around the neck of dogs to repell flies

30. Dodonaea viscosa (Linn.)


• Family-Sapindaceae.• Ln: Sanatha;• Loc: KPK; • Pu: Leaves; • Habit: Shrub • Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Leaves are used in the treatment of wounds

31. Ficus palmata Linn.


• Family-Moraceae • Ln: Phagwara;• Loc: KPK• Pu: Leaves • Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Leaves are given to cattle to ease delivery and to remove placenta. ee

32. Grewia optiva Drum. ex Burret


• . Family-Tiliaceae. • Ln: Dhaman;• Loc: KPK• Pu: Leaves Habit: Tree • Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Leaves are used as fodder. Bark is peeled off from branches and given to cattle as galactagogue.

33. Lepedium sativum Linn.


• Family- Crucifeae • Ln: Haloon; • Loc:KPK• Pu: Seeds;• Habit: Herb• Ethno-Veterinary uses: The

seeds are given orally as a decoction in fever and flatulence

34. Melia azedarach Linn.


• Family-Meliaceae • Ln: Derek;• Loc: KPK;• Pu: Leaves and seeds; • Habit: Tree

• Ethno-Veterinary uses: Leaves are used as fodder. Ripe seeds are grinded and mixed with animal cake and given to cattle as galactagogu

35. Mentha arvensis Linn.


• Family-Lamiaceae • Ln: Pudina; • Loc: KPK;• Pu: Leaves;• Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Leaves are given internally to remove external parasites e.g. lices

36. Mentha longifolia (Linn.)


• L. Family-Lamiaceae Ln: Chitta Pudina;

• Loc: KPK• Pu:Leaves , Roots; • Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses: The

roots are boiled in water and decoction is given to cattle for fever and for increasing their milk.

37. Oryza Sativa Linn.

Ethno Botany ad Ethnovetrinary

• Family- Poaceae• Ln: Chawal/Tahain; • Loc: All Over PAK• Pu: Seeds; • Habit: Herb• Ethno-Veterinary uses: Seeds

along with husk are grinded and given to ease delivery and to release placenta and also in prnolapse

38. Otostegia limbata (Benth)


• Baiss Family-Lamiaceae • Ln: Bui;• Loc: KPK; • Pu: Leaves • Habit: Shrub

• Ethno-Veterinary uses: Leaves and flowers are used for curing of wounds

39.Paeonia emodi Wall ex Royle


• Family-Paeoniaceae Ln: Mamekh;

• Loc: KPK• Pu: Tubers;• Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses: Dried

tubers grinded into fine powder, mixed with flour and used as tonic for cattle

40. Peganum harmala Linn


• Family-Zygophyllaceae • Ln: Harmal; • Loc:KPK;• Pu: Whole plant; • Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Extract of the plant is applied on the body of animal to kill lices.

41. Polygonatum verticilatum All


• Family-Liliaceae• Loc: KPK• Pu: Rhizome; • Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses: the

rhizome is crushed and given to cattle for increasing milk

42. Quercus incana Roxb.


• Family-Fagaceae • Ln: Rhin; • Loc: KPK• Pu: Leaves and seeds; • Habit: Tree • Ethno-Veterinary uses: Leaves

are considered highly nutritive. Seeds are crushed into powder mixed with animal cake and given to cattle to increase milk production

43. Ricinus Communis


• . Family-Euphorbiacea • Ln: Chachumba;• Loc: KPK; • Pu: Oil • Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses:• The oil of seeds is used as a purgative in

animals. This oil is mixed with decoction of Javan (Alhaji camelorum) leaves and thorns and is given to cattle suffering from severe impaction of rumen. The extract of its leaves is used to hasten the expulsion of placenta in cattle.

44. Rheum australe D.Don


• Family-Polygonaceae• Ln: Chutial;• Loc: KPK• Pu: Rhizome; • Habit: Shrub

• Ethno-Veterinary uses: The rhizome is crushed to powder form and is used for healing of wounds and given orally for curing constipation

45. Rumex hastatus D. Don


• Family-Polygonaceae • Ln: Khitambal; • Loc: KPK; • Pu: Whole plant; • Habit: Shrub • Ethno-Veterinary uses: Leaves

are given internally to remove external parasites. Whole plant is given to cure internal wounds in case of injury

46. Rumex nepalensis Linn.


• Family: Polygonaceae • Ln: Hulla,• Loc: KPK• Pu: Root; • Habit: Herb

• Ethno-Veterinary uses: Roots are crushed and given as toni

47. Salvia moorcoftiana Wallich ex Benth.


• Family-Lamiaceae • Ln: Kali Jarri; • Loc: KPK• Pu: Rhizome;• Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses: Rhizomes are

crushed and mixed with the crushed leaves of Vitex negundo and Zanthoxylum armatum and is given to buffalos in colic and other diseases. Rhizomes are washed and crushed; gur and wheat flour is mixed and given to buffaloes to increase milk. It is also considered a good remedy against fever”takun” in buffalos.

48. Saussurea costus (Falc.)Lipsch


• Family-Asteraceae • Ln: Kuth,• Pu: Rhizome; • Habit: Shrub• Ethno-Veterinary uses: The dried

rhizome is grinded in to powder form and mixed with maize flour. Tablets of larger size are formed and given to goats in a disease locally called as “Bagri” and after delivery weakness

49. Saussurea heteromalla (D.Don) Hand-Mazz


• Family-Asteraceae• Ln: Gajarmula, • Pu: Rhizome; • Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses

Rhizomes crushed and given ti increase milk flow.

50. Skimmia laureola (DC.) Sieb


• Family-Rutaceae. Ln: Nair; • Loc: Thandiani; • Pu: Whole plant; • Habit: Shrub • Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Whole plant is given to milking cattle as nutritive fodder

51. Thuja orientalis Linn


• Family-Cupressaceae Ln: Morpunkh;

• Loc: KPK• Pu: Fruit; • Habit: Shrub • Ethno-Veterinary uses: The ripe

fruits are roasted in mustard oil and mixed with powdered black salt.The mixture is given in the vetrinary saibrea of cow and sheep

52. Thymus linearis Linn


• Family-Lamiaceae • Ln: Chikan; • Loc: KPK; • Pu: Whole plant; • Habit: Herb • Ethno-Veterinary uses: The

dried plant is crushed to poder and mixed with flour.It is given to cows, goats and sheep for increasing milk.

53. Verbascum thapsus Linn.


• Family-Scrophulariaceae. • Ln: Giddar Tambaku;• Loc: KPK;• Pu: Leaves; • Habit: Herb

• Ethno-Veterinary uses: Leaves are given to cattle to cure diarrhoea.

54. Vitex negundo Linn.


• Family-Verbenaceae • Ln: Marvani; • Loc: KPK • Pu: Leaves; • Habit: Shrub • Ethno-Veterinary uses: Juice of

the leaves used for removing foetid discharge and worms from ulcers .Leaves are crushed and salt is mixed and given to buffalos in fever and stomach problems

55. Viburnum cotinifolium D.Don


• Family-Caprifoliaceae Ln: Guch;

• Loc: KPK ;• Pu: Fruit;• Habit: Shrub• Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Fruits are given to cattle to release placenta

56. Xanthium strumarium Linn.


• Family-Asteraceae • Ln: Kandiari;• Loc: KPK;• Pu: Leaves;• Habit: Herb• Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Leaves juice is used externally for maggots in wounds and healing

57. Zanthoxylum armatum D.C.


• Family-Rutaceae.• Ln: Timbar;• Loc: KPK• Pu: Seeds;• Habit: Shrub

• Ethno-Veterinary uses: Seeds are given to give warmth to body. Seeds paste is applied on the affected parts in foot and mouth disease locally called “Monh Khur”.Seeds are crushed and mixed wit maize flour and given to cattle in fever

58. Zea mays Linn.


• Family- Poaceae • Ln: Makai; • Loc: KPK• Pu: Seeds; • Habit: Herb• Ethno-Veterinary uses:

Maize flour in the form of paste is given to goats to cure blood in urine.

59.Zizyphus

Ethno Botany and Ethno Veterinary

• Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk• Rhamnaceae

• Ethno Veterinary Bark is used to heal scorpion

bite

Herbs Used for Ailment and Economically Important diseases of cattle

S.no Latin Name English Name Vet Use Urdu Name Part Used

1 Acacia Catechu Catechu Tree Antidiarrhoeal Khair Bark

2. Woodforida fructicosa Fire Flame Bush Antidiarrhoeal

3. Cyperus Rotandus Nutgrass Antidiarrhoeal Nagar Motha

Rhizome

4. Holarrhena Kurchi, Ester antidysentrica

Kurchi, Ester antidysentrica tree, Tellicherry tree

Antidiarrhoeal Kuda Bark

5. Cissus quadra angularis Bone Setter Adamant Creeper

Fracture healing Hadjod Stem

6. Butea monosperma The Forest flame, Bastared tree

Fracture healing Khakhara Bark

7. Withania somnifera Winter Cherry Immunomodulator, antistresser; weight gain

Asgandh Roots

Herbs Used for Ailment and Economically Important diseases of cattle Contd


8. Terminalia chebula Myrobalan Immunomodulator Harad Fruit

9. Acorus calamus Sweet Flag Anxiolytic, memory enhance Vacha Root

10. Bacopa monnieri Thyme Anxiolytic, memory enhancer Brahm Brahm

11. Asparagus racemosus Asparagus Galactogague, immunomodulator

Shatavar Root

12. Foeniculum vulgare Fennel Galactogague Souf Roots

13. Leptadeniareticulata

Galactogague ( Increase Milk Production)

Dodi Whole Plant

14. Ferula foetida Asafoetida Relives gastroenteritis Heeng Exduate

15. Embelia ribs Babreng Antiflatulence; appetizer; digestant

Vayvidang Fruits

16. Cuminum cyminum Cumin Antiflatulence; appetizer; digestant

Jeera Fruits



17. Tinospora cardifolia Tinospora Aphrodisiac; appetizer; digestant Gudachi Stem

18. Zingiber officinale Ginger Antiflatulence; appetizer; digestant

Adrak Rhizome

19. Terminalia bellerica Beleric my robalan

Antiflatulence; appetizer; digestant

Baheda Fruit Pulp

20. Emblica officinalis Indian Gooseberry

Antiflatulence; appetizer; digestant Immuno-modulator

Amla Fruit Pulp

21 Tribulus terrestris Calotrops root Antiflatulence; appetizer; digestant

Gokhru Root

22. Piper longum Long Pepper Antiflatulence; appetizer; digestant

Lindi Pepper

Fruit

23. Allium sativum Garlic Wound Healing Lehsun Tuber

24. Centella Asiatica Indian Penny Wort

Wound healing; anxiolytic; memory enhancer

Brahmibuti Whole Plant

25. Annona squamosa Custard apple Wound healing; foot and mouth diseases

Sitafal Leaves


S.no Latin Name English Name Vet Use Urdu Name

Part Used

26. Adhatoda vasica Malabar nut Wound healing; pneumonia Adusa Leaves andWhole Plant

27. Moringa oleifera Drumstick tree Wound healing; antiinflammatory; antipyretic

Sahjana Seeds

28. Aloe Vera Aloe Wound healing; gastritis Guar Patha

Leaf Pulp

29. Curcma longa Turmeric Wound Healing Haldi Rihizom

30. Aegle marmelos Bael, Bengal quince

Wound healing; antinflammatory; antipyretic; antidiarrhoea

Bael Leaves

31. Ocimum sanctum Holi basil Wound healing; anxiolytic; immuomodulator; adaptogen (antistressor)

Tulsi Leaves

32. Azadiracta indica Margosa tree Wound healing; lice killing; skin disease

Neem Leaves

33. Acacia Arabica Gum ArabicTree Foot and Mouth disease Kikar Pod



Part Used

34. Coriandrum satvum L Coriander Foot and Mouth Disease Dhania Whole Plant

35. Momordica chanantia L Bitter Gourd Maggotted Wounds Karela Fruit Juice

36. Sesamum indicum L Sesame Retention of Placenta Till Seed

37. Morinda tomentosa Heynees Roth

Indian Mulberry Tree

Timpany Toot Bark Infusion

38. Luffa acutangula (l) Ridge Gourd Unripe fruit is used against bowel diseas of domestic fowl

Kalitori Fruit

39. Luffa aegyptiaca Sponge Gourd Unripe fruit is used against bowel diseas of domestic fowl

Ghia tori Fruit

40. Mentha longifolia (L. Mint Crushed roots are boiled in water and then given to cattle in case diarrhea and for low body temperature (charmaikh)

Pudina Roots



Part Used

41. Nicotiana rustica L. Tobacco The extract of leaves is externally rubbed on the body to remove the ticks and ectoparasites found in cattle

Tamako Leaves

42. Dalbergia sissoo Roxb Delbegia Crushed bark formula given along with paste of flour as remedy for the abdominal pain.

Sheesham

Bark

43. Mallotus philippensis -- The crushed fruits are used to increase body temperature (charmaikh)

Kambela Fruits

44. Ziziphus marutiana Jujuba Sunburn Beer Leaf

ethno veternary medicinal plants a lecture by mr allah dad khan

Education