essential question: first turnpike- 1790 lancaster, pa 1790-1820 the “turnpike era”,
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
ESSENTIAL QUESTION:ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
![Page 3: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA
First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA
1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”, 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,
![Page 5: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Conestoga Covered WagonsConestoga Covered Wagons
Conestoga Trail, 1820sConestoga Trail, 1820s
![Page 6: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Erie Canal SystemErie Canal System
![Page 7: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Erie Canal, 1820sErie Canal, 1820s
Begun in 1817; completed in 1825Begun in 1817; completed in 1825
Greatest Construction project so far in Greatest Construction project so far in U.S.U.S.
![Page 8: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Robert Fulton & the Steamboat
Robert Fulton & the Steamboat
1807: The 1807: The ClermontClermont
![Page 9: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Principal Canals in 1840Principal Canals in 1840
![Page 10: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Inland Freight RatesInland Freight Rates
![Page 11: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Clipper ShipsClipper Ships
![Page 12: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The “Iron Horse” Wins! (1830)The “Iron Horse” Wins! (1830)
1830 1830 13 miles of track built by Baltimore & 13 miles of track built by Baltimore & Ohio RROhio RR
By 1850 By 1850 9000 mi. of RR track [1860 9000 mi. of RR track [1860 31,000 31,000 mi.]mi.]
![Page 13: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
TheRailroad
Revolution,1850s
TheRailroad
Revolution,1850s
Immigrant laborImmigrant laborbuilt the No. built the No. RRs.RRs.
Slave laborSlave laborbuilt the So. built the So. RRs. RRs.
![Page 14: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Resourcefulness & Experimentation
Resourcefulness & Experimentation
Americans were willing to try Americans were willing to try
anything.anything.
They were first copiers, thenThey were first copiers, theninnovators.innovators.
1800 1800 41 patents were 41 patents were approved.approved.
1860 1860 4,357 “ “ “4,357 “ “ “
![Page 16: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791
Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791
Increased cotton productionIn 10 years from 189,000 lbs.To 41 million lbs.
![Page 17: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Eli Whitney’s Gun FactoryEli Whitney’s Gun Factory
Interchangeable Parts RifleInterchangeable Parts Rifle
![Page 18: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
OliverEvansOliverEvans
First prototype of the First prototype of the locomotivelocomotive
First automated First automated flour millflour mill
![Page 19: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
John Deere & the Steel Plow(1837)
John Deere & the Steel Plow(1837)
![Page 20: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Cyrus McCormick& the Mechanical Reaper:
1831
Cyrus McCormick& the Mechanical Reaper:
1831
![Page 21: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Samuel F. B. MorseSamuel F. B. Morse
1840 – Telegraph1840 – Telegraph
![Page 22: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Cyrus Field & the Transatlantic Cable,
1858
Cyrus Field & the Transatlantic Cable,
1858
![Page 23: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Elias Howe & Isaac SingerElias Howe & Isaac Singer
1840s1840sSewing MachineSewing Machine
![Page 24: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Creating a Business-Friendly Climate
Creating a Business-Friendly ClimateSupreme Court Rulings:Supreme Court Rulings:
** Fletcher v. PeckFletcher v. Peck (1810) (1810) ** Dartmouth v. WoodwardDartmouth v. Woodward (1819)(1819) ** McCulloch v. MarylandMcCulloch v. Maryland (1819) (1819) ** Gibbons v. OgdenGibbons v. Ogden (1824) (1824) ** Charles Rivers Bridge v. Charles Rivers Bridge v. WarrenWarren Bridge Bridge (1835) - Taney (1835) - TaneyGeneral Incorporation Law General Incorporation Law passedpassed in New York, 1848. in New York, 1848.Laissez faire Laissez faire BUT, govt. did muchBUT, govt. did much to assist capitalism! to assist capitalism!
![Page 26: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Distribution of WealthDistribution of Wealthv During the American During the American
Revolution,Revolution,45% of all wealth in the top 45% of all wealth in the top 10% of10% ofthe population.the population.
v 1845 Boston 1845 Boston top 4% owned top 4% owned overover 65% of the wealth. 65% of the wealth.v 1860 Philadelphia 1860 Philadelphia top 1% top 1% ownedowned over 50% of the wealth. over 50% of the wealth.v The gap between rich and poor The gap between rich and poor waswas widening! widening!
![Page 27: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Samuel Slater(“Father of the Factory
System”)
Samuel Slater(“Father of the Factory
System”)
![Page 28: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
The Lowell/Waltham System:
First Dual-Purpose Textile Plant
The Lowell/Waltham System:
First Dual-Purpose Textile Plant
Francis Cabot Lowell’s town - 1814Francis Cabot Lowell’s town - 1814
![Page 29: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Lowell in 1850Lowell in 1850
![Page 30: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Lowell MillLowell Mill
![Page 31: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Early Textile LoomEarly Textile Loom
![Page 32: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
New EnglandTextile
Centers:
1830s
New EnglandTextile
Centers:
1830s
![Page 33: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
New England Dominance in Textiles
New England Dominance in Textiles
![Page 34: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Starting for LowellStarting for Lowell
![Page 35: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Lowell GirlsLowell Girls
What was their typical What was their typical “profile?”“profile?”
![Page 36: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Lowell Boarding HousesLowell Boarding Houses
What was boardinghouse life What was boardinghouse life like?like?
![Page 37: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Lowell Mills Time Table
Lowell Mills Time Table
![Page 38: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Early “Union” Newslett
er
Early “Union” Newslett
er
![Page 39: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
The Factory Girl’s GarlandThe Factory Girl’s Garland
February 20, 1845 issue.February 20, 1845 issue.
![Page 40: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Irish Immigrant Girls at LowellIrish Immigrant Girls at Lowell
![Page 41: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
The Early Union MovementThe Early Union Movement
Workingman’s Party Workingman’s Party (1829)(1829) ** Founded by Robert Dale Owen Founded by Robert Dale Owen and and others in New York City. others in New York City.Early unions were usually local, Early unions were usually local, social, and weak.social, and weak.
Commonwealth v. HuntCommonwealth v. Hunt (1842).(1842).
Worker political parties were Worker political parties were ineffective until the post-Civil ineffective until the post-Civil War period.War period.
![Page 42: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Regional SpecializationRegional Specialization
EAST EAST IndustrialIndustrial
SOUTH SOUTH Cotton & SlaveryCotton & Slavery
WEST WEST The Nation’s The Nation’s “Breadbasket”“Breadbasket”
![Page 44: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
American Population Centers in 1820
American Population Centers in 1820
![Page 45: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
American Population Centers in 1860
American Population Centers in 1860
![Page 46: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
National Origin of Immigrants:1820 - 1860
National Origin of Immigrants:1820 - 1860
Why now?Why now?
![Page 47: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Know-Nothing Party:
“The Supreme
Order of the Star-
Spangled Banner”
Know-Nothing Party:
“The Supreme
Order of the Star-
Spangled Banner”
![Page 48: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Causes of NativismCauses of Nativism• 1. Racism - new immigrants inferior equated with 1. Racism - new immigrants inferior equated with
African- AmericansAfrican- Americans• 2. Believe they were socially unfit to live alongside 2. Believe they were socially unfit to live alongside
“natives” (slums)“natives” (slums)• 3. Workers: immigrants lowered wages or were 3. Workers: immigrants lowered wages or were
stealing their jobsstealing their jobs• 4. Protestants - objected to most immigrants being 4. Protestants - objected to most immigrants being
Irish or German CatholicsIrish or German Catholics• 5. Whigs - Immigrants supported Democrats5. Whigs - Immigrants supported Democrats• 6. Politicians - immigrants corrupted politics by 6. Politicians - immigrants corrupted politics by
selling their votes.selling their votes.
![Page 49: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Changing Occupation Distributions:1820 - 1860
Changing Occupation Distributions:1820 - 1860
![Page 50: ESSENTIAL QUESTION: First Turnpike- 1790 Lancaster, PA 1790-1820 The “Turnpike Era”,](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf781a28abf838c82063/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
ECONOMIC?ECONOMIC?
SOCIAL?SOCIAL?
POLITICAL?POLITICAL?
FUTUREPROBLEMS?FUTURE
PROBLEMS?