“errant” polychaetes of the livingston island shelf (south shetlands, antarctica), with the...

Polar Biol (1997) 17: 285—295 ( Springer-Verlag 1997

ORIGINAL PAPER

Guillermo San Martıın · Julio Parapar

‘‘Errant’’ polychaetes of the Livingston Island shelf(South Shetlands, Antarctica), with the description of a new species

Received: 29 February 1996/Accepted: 2 June 1996

Abstract The Spanish cruise ‘‘Bentart 94’’ was the firstof two devoted to the study of the benthic marine faunaoff Livingston and Deception Islands, South ShetlandIslands, Antarctica. In this paper, the taxonomic resultsof the examination of the ‘‘errant’’ families of the poly-chaetes collected during that cruise are presented.A total of 834 specimens have been examined, belong-ing to 34 species of 31 genera and 11 families. A newspecies, Micronereis anaramosae, is described, and Eu-syllis kerguelensis McIntosh is referred to the genusPionosyllis. The specimens were found in 109 samplesof muddy sand, mud, stones, rocks, gravel, and mixedsediments, by scuba diving, Van Veen grab, rock trawland anchor dredge.

Introduction

‘‘Bentart 94’’ was the first Spanish cruise of two devotedto the study of the benthic marine biota of the SouthShetland Islands. That cruise was carried out duringFebruary 1994; the aim of ‘‘Bentart 94’’ was to collectmaterial for taxonomic study, knowledge of the area,and prepare for the next cruise, ‘‘Bentart 95’’, with anecological address. Numerous samples (109) were col-lected for the study of several groups, among themthe polychaetous annelids. In this paper, we present thetaxonomic results of the study of several families ofthese worms (‘‘Errant’’ families) of the cruise ‘‘Bentart

G. San Martın ( )Departamento de Biologıa, Unidad de Zoologıa,Laboratorio de Biologıa Marina e Invertebrados,Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid,Canto Blanco, 28049 Madrid, Spainfax: 91 3978344; e-mail: [email protected]

J. ParaparDepartamento de Bioloxıa Animal e Bioloxıa Vexetal,Facultade de Ciencias (Bioloxıa), Universidade da Corun8 a,Campus da Zapateira, 15071 A Corun8 a, Spain

94’’; 34 species are reported, mostly well-known species,which are not described, but only reported. Eusylliskerguelensis is referred to the genus Pionosyllis, anda new species is described, Micronereis anaramosae.The results for the remaining families will be publishedin another paper. The polychaete fauna of the SouthShetland Islands has already been studied by severalauthors; recently, Hartmann-Schroder (1986), Hart-mann-Schroder and Rosenfeldt (1988, 1990, 1992) andSicinski and Janowska (1993) have made detailed re-ports on the polychaetes of that area.

Materials and methods

The study area of ‘‘Bentart 94’’ includes the three bays at the south ofLivingston Island, South Shetlands, Antarctica. Location of thestudy area and sampling sites are presented in Figs. 1 and 2. Theseveral sampling gear or methods, collection dates, locations, depths,and substrate types are described in Table 1. The depth range ofsamples varies between 4 and 440 m.

The specimens were fixed in formalin, and transfered to 70%ethanol after study; they are deposited in the Museo Nacional deCiencias Naturales de Madrid (MNCNM), Spain. The family Phyllo-docidae has been treated following the systematic proposed byPleijel (1991).

Results

Family Aphroditidae Malmgren, 1867

Genus ¸aetmonice Kinberg, 1855

¸aetmonice producta producta Grube, 1876

¸aetmonice producta (McIntosh 1885, p. 39, pl. 4A,Figs. 1—8; Hartman 1964, p. 12, pl. 1, Fig. 3; Hutchingsand McRae 1993, p. 333, Figs. 45, 46)¸aetmonice producta producta (Hartmann-Schroderand Rosenfeldt (1992), p. 88)

Fig. 1 Location of the study area

Occurrence: Station 61, two specimens; Sta. 62, onespecimen.

Distribution. Antarctic and sub-Antarctic seas. Severalsubspecies have been described world-wide (Campoy,1982).

Family Polynoidae Malmgren, 1867

Genus Austrolaenilla Bergstrom, 1916

Austrolaenilla antarctica Bergstrom, 1916

Austrolaenilla antarctica (Bergstrom 1916, p. 291, pl. 3,Fig. 8; pl. 5, Figs. 1, 2)Antinoe antarctica (Monro 1931, p. 66, Fig. 18)Antinoella antarctica (Hartman 1964, p. 15, pl. 2, Fig. 5;pl. 3, Figs. 6—8).

Occurrence: Station 28, one specimen; Sta. 86, onespecimen.

Distribution. Antarctic and sub-Antarctic seas.

Genus Barrukia Bergstrom, 1916

Barrukia cristata (Willey, 1902)

Barrukia cristata (Bergstrom 1916, p. 297, pl. 5,Figs. 7—9, 14; Hartman 1964, p. 17, pl. 4, Figs. 1, 2;

Uschakov 1966, p. 168, pl. 7, Figs. B—C, pl. 8, Figs. A—E;Gallardo 1977, p. 66, Fig. 2a—p)

Occurrence: Station 4, two specimens; Sta. 23, onespecimen; Sta. 28, one specimen; Sta. 32, one specimen;Sta. 52, one specimen; Sta. 71, two specimens; Sta. 73,one specimen; Sta. 108, one specimen.

Distribution. Antarctic and sub-Antarctic seas, extend-ing northward to Uruguay.

Genus Eunoe Malmgren, 1865

Eunoe anderssoni (Bergstrom, 1916)

Harmothoe anderssoni (Bergstrom 1916, p. 286, pl. 3,Fig. 6; pl. 4, Figs. 8—10)Eunoe anderssoni (Hartman 1964, p. 21, pl. 5, Figs. 5—7)

Occurrence: Station 61, one specimen.

Distribution. Antarctic seas.

Genus Harmothoe Kinberg, 1855

Harmothoe spinosa Kinberg, 1855

Harmothoe spinosa (Ehlers 1897, p. 12; Ehlers 1913,p. 438, pl. 26, Figs. 1—12; Bergstrom 1916, pl. 284, pl. 2,Figs. 5, 6; pl. 3, Figs. 1—4; Hartman 1964, p. 33, pl. 6,

286

Fig. 2 Locations of the sampling stations

Figs. 8, 9; pl. 8, Fig. 8; pl. 9, Figs. 1, 2. Averincev 1972,p. 116, pl. 6, Figs. 8—11; pl. 8, Figs. 1—8; Gallardo 1977,p. 68, Fig. 3a—h; Hartmann-Schroder and Rosenfeldt1988, p. 30, Figs. 1—5; pls. 1—3)

Occurrence: Station 4, two specimens; Sta. 7, two speci-mens; Sta. 73, two specimens; Sta. 77, two specimens;Sta. 88, one specimen; Sta. 98, two specimens; Sta. 108,five specimens.

Remarks. Hartmann-Schroder and Rosenfeldt (1988)described four morphological groups for this polymor-phic species.

Distribution. Harmothoe spinosa is the most commonpolynoid found in samples from Antarctic and sub-Antarctic seas, extending northward to Chile, Australiaand New Zealand.

Genus Hermadion Kinberg, 1855

Hermadion ferox Baird, 1865

Hermadion ferox (Monro 1931, p. 40, Fig. 6; Hartman1964, p. 35, pl. 10, Figs. 1—3)


Distribution. Antarctic and sub-Antarctic seas.

Genus Polyeunoa McIntosh, 1885

Polyeunoa laevis McIntosh, 1885

Polyeunoa laevis (McIntosh 1885, p. 76, pl. 12, Fig. 2,pl. 20, Fig. 8, pl. 7A, Figs. 12, 13; Bergstrom 1916,p. 288, pl. 3, Fig. 7; Hartman 1964, p. 42, pl. 12,Figs. 5—7; Pettibone 1969, p. 46, Fig. 1)

287

Table 1 Station numbers, sampling methods, dates of collection, locations, depths (m), and substrates

Station Sampling Date Long. W Lat. S Depth Substrate typen° method (m)

1 Van Veen grab 06.02.94 60,2305 62,3903 48 Muddy sand2 Van Veen grab 07.02.94 60,2440 62,3919 158 —3 Van Veen grab 07.02.94 60,2305 62,3929 4 Mud4 Rock trawl 07.02.94 60,2410 62,3920 99 Mud and organic rests5 Van Veen grab 07.02.94 60,2344 62,3918 56 Mud6 Van Veen grab 07.02.94 60,2510 62,3748 52 Sandy mud7 Diving 07.02.94 60,2600 62,4100 19 Mud with pebbles8 Van Veen grab 07.02.94 60,2506 62,3803 155 Sandy mud9 Van Veen grab 07.02.94 60,2639 62,3914 240 Mud

10 Van Veen grab 08.02.94 60,3337 62,4030 29 Stones11 Rock trawl 08.02.94 60,3335 62,4005 30 Rocks and stones12 Van Veen grab 08.02.94 60,3044 62,3904 25 —13 Van Veen grab 08.02.94 60,3035 62,3915 52 Mud14 Anchor dredge 08.02.94 60,3037 62,3912 52 Sandy mud with pebbles16 Van Veen grab 08.02.94 60,3306 62,4006 25 Rock17 Van Veen grab 08.02.94 60,3309 62,4006 27 Rock18 Van Veen grab 08.02.94 60,2623 62,3856 212 —19 Anchor dredge 08.02.94 60,2645 62,3847 150 Mud20 Van Veen grab 08.02.94 60,2708 62,3931 245 Mud21 Anchor dredge 08.02.94 60,2739 62,3939 239 Mud22 Van Veen grab 08.02.94 60,2650 62,3930 232 Mud23 Van Veen grab 09.02.94 60,2790 62,4110 139 Mud24 Van Veen grab 09.02.94 60,2660 62,4080 72 Sandy mud25 Van Veen grab 09.02.94 60,2512 62,3937 170 Mud26 Diving 09.02.94 60,2600 62,4150 15 Rocks and stones27 Diving 09.02.94 60,2300 62,3900 8 Rocks28 Van Veen grab 09.02.94 60,2606 62,4040 144 Mud29 Van Veen grab 09.02.94 60,2854 62,4045 263 Sandy mud30 Van Veen grab 10.02.94 60,2832 62,3905 51 Mud with gravel31 Anchor dredge 10.02.94 60,2839 62,3903 50 Mud, pebbles and gravel32 Van Veen grab 10.02.94 60,2917 62,3858 46 Mud33 Diving 10.02.94 60,2600 62,4150 15 Pebbles and gravel34 Rock trawl 10.02.94 60,2501 62,4044 28 Gravel and stones35 Van Veen grab 10.02.94 60,2947 62,4013 176 Mud36 Van Veen grab 10.02.94 60,3207 62,4130 250 Sandy mud37 Anchor dredge 10.02.94 60,3144 62,4132 258 Mud38 Van Veen grab 10.02.94 60,3340 62,4133 216 Mud39 Anchor dredge 10.02.94 60,3348 62,4134 219 Mud40 Van Veen grab 10.02.94 60,3433 62,4136 122 Sandy mud41 Van Veen grab 11.02.94 60,2100 62,4300 112 —42 Van Veen grab 11.02.94 60,2143 62,4450 96 Sandy mud43 Anchor dredge 11.02.94 60,2135 62,4446 97 Sandy mud with pebbles44 Van Veen grab 11.02.94 60,2510 62,4546 95 —45 Anchor dredge 11.02.94 60,2528 62,4545 94 Mud with gravel46 Van Veen grab 11.02.94 60,2600 62,4538 147 Sandy mud47 Van Veen grab 11.02.94 60,2339 62,4558 123 Sandy mud48 Anchor dredge 11.02.94 60,2428 62,4558 116 Sandy mud49 Van Veen grab 12.02.94 60,3005 62,4225 227 Mud50 Anchor dredge 12.02.94 60,3003 62,4240 205 —51 Van Veen grab 12.02.94 60,2703 62,4346 84 Sandy mud with gravel52 Rock trawl 12.02.94 60,2709 62,4354 56 Mixed53 Diving 12.02.94 60,2550 62,4300 15 Rocks and sand54 Van Veen grab 12.02.94 60,2634 62,4510 231 —55 Anchor dredge 12.02.94 60,2740 62,4722 340 Gravel56 Van Veen grab 13.02.94 60,2703 62,4412 139 Sandy mud57 Anchor dredge 13.02.94 60,2734 62,4425 142 Sandy mud with gravel58 Van Veen grab 13.02.94 60,2229 62,4330 194 Mud59 Anchor dredge 13.02.94 60,2102 62,4331 85 Muddy sand60 Van Veen grab 13.02.94 60,2342 62,4629 132 Sandy mud61 Rock trawl 13.02.94 60,2624 62,4816 396 Stones62 Rock trawl 13.02.94 60,2539 62,4921 440 Mixed63 Anchor dredge 14.02.94 60,3102 62,4513 386 Mixed64 Rock trawl 14.02.94 60,3110 62,4644 422 Mixed65 Van Veen grab 14.02.94 60,2344 62,4341 220 Mud66 Van Veen grab 14.02.94 60,2308 62,4365 211 Mud

288

Table 1 (continued)

Station Sampling Date Long. W Lat. S Depth Substrate typen° method (m)

67 Diving 14.02.94 60,2600 62,4350 21 Gravel and rocks68 Diving 14.02.94 60,2600 62,4350 15 —69 Anchor dredge 14.02.94 60,3910 62,4605 401 —70 Van Veen grab 15.02.94 60,2347 62,4416 191 Mud71 Rock trawl 15.02.94 60,2658 62,4340 50 —72 Van Veen grab 16.02.94 60,3502 62,4024 39 Mixed73 Rock trawl 16.02.94 60,3449 62,4016 30 Stones74 Van Veen grab 17.02.94 60,4044 62,3852 92 Mud75 Anchor dredge 17.02.94 60,4043 62,3854 96 Mud76 Van Veen grab 17.02.94 60,4001 62,4034 136 Sandy mud77 Anchor dredge 17.02.94 60,4007 62,4031 130 Mud and organic rests78 Diving 17.02.94 60,2300 62,3900 22 Rock79 Anchor dredge 17.02.94 60,2239 62,4218 46 —80 Van Veen grab 17.02.94 60,2542 62,4350 170 Mud81 Anchor dredge 17.02.94 60,2607 62,4352 123 Mud, gravel and stones82 Diving 17.02.94 60,2600 62,4200 21 Rocks and gravel83 Diving 17.02.94 60,2600 62,4105 19 —84 Van Veen grab 17.02.94 60,3728 62,3958 164 Mud85 Anchor dredge 17.02.94 60,3729 62,4004 184 —86 Rock trawl 18.02.94 60,4127 62,3839 56 Mud87 Rock trawl 18.02.94 60,4221 62,3918 49 Mud88 Diving 18.02.94 60,2300 62,3900 15 Rock89 Diving 18.02.94 60,2300 62,3900 18 Rock and pebbles90 Anchor dredge 18.02.94 60,3441 62,4213 281 Sandy mud91 Van Veen grab 18.02.94 60,4111 62,4035 35 Sand92 Rock trawl 18.02.94 60,4115 62,4035 34 Rock and gravel93 Anchor dredge 18.02.94 60,3110 62,4716 421 —94 Anchor dredge 19.02.94 60,3342 62,4449 443 Sandy mud95 Anchor dredge 19.02.94 60,3229 62,4419 333 Sandy mud96 Van Veen grab 19.02.94 60,2936 62,4257 106 Sandy mud97 Anchor dredge 19.02.94 60,2939 62,4256 104 Sandy mud98 Diving 19.02.94 60,2300 62,3900 35 Mud99 Rock trawl 19.02.94 60,4250 62,4110 26 Stones and algae

100 Rock trawl 19.02.94 60,4203 62,3955 24 Rocks, stones, gravel101 Van Veen grab 19.02.94 60,4127 62,3953 32 Gravel102 Anchor dredge 19.02.94 60,4133 62,3958 32 —103 Anchor dredge 20.02.94 60,3416 62,4239 255 Mud104 Rock trawl 20.02.94 60,4425 62,4123 32 Gravel and stones105 Van Veen grab 20.02.94 60,3946 62,3944 163 Mud106 Rock trawl 20.02.94 60,3955 62,3946 158 —107 Van Veen grab 20.02.94 60,3922 62,4109 104 Mud108 Anchor dredge 20.02.94 60,3913 62,4102 108 Stones109 Rock trawl 20.02.94 60,4235 62,3914 34 —

Occurrence: Station 31, one specimen; Sta. 52, onespecimen; Sta. 71, one specimen; Sta. 108, one specimen.

Distribution. Antarctic Peninsula and islands nearby;sub-Antarctic islands.

Genus Polynoe Savigny, 1818

Polynoe antarctica Kinberg, 1858

Polynoe antarctica (Hartmann-Schroder 1989, p. 211,Figs. 12—23)


Distribution. Antarctic.

Family Pholoidae Kinberg, 1858

Genus ¸aubierpholoe Pettibone, 1992

¸aubierpholoe antipoda (Hartman, 1967)

Pholoe antipoda (Hartman 1967, p. 40, pl. 7, Figs. B, C)¸aubierpholoe antipoda (Pettibone 1992, p. 8, Fig. 3)


Distribution. South Atlantic Ocean off South America,Antarctica, New Zealand.

289

Family Phyllodocidae O® rsted, 1843

Subfamily Notophyllinae Pleijel, 1991

Genus Nereiphylla Blainville, 1828

Nereiphylla polyphylla (Ehlers, 1897)

Phyllodoce polyphylla (Ehlers 1897, p. 26, pl. 1,Figs. 14—19)Genetyllis polyphylla (Hartman 1964, p. 56, pl. 16,Fig. 6; Averincev 1972, p. 101, pl. 3, Figs. 1, 2)

Occurrence: Station 7, thirty six specimens; Sta. 71,five specimens; Sta. 73, one specimen; Sta. 85, twospecimens; Sta. 92, two specimens; Sta. 100, thirteenspecimens.

Distribution. Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands.

Genus Austrophyllum Bergstrom, 1914

Austrophyllum charcoti (Gravier, 1911)

Austrophyllum charcoti (Hartman 1964, p. 52, pl. 15,Fig. 7)Eulalia charcoti (Augener 1932, p. 25)

Occurrence: Station 57, one specimen; Sta. 85, onespecimen; Sta. 86, one specimen.

Distribution. Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands.

Subfamily Phyllodocinae O$ rsted, 1843

Genus Paranaitis Southern, 1914

Paranaitis bowersi (Benham, 1927)

Phyllodoce bowersi (Benham 1927, p. 77, pl. A,Figs. 27—31)Anaitides bowersi (Hartman 1964, p. 49, pl. 15,Figs. 1, 2)Anaitis bowersi (Uschakov 1966, p. 143, pl. 1, Figs. B, C)Paranaitis bowersi (Averincev 1972, p. 106)


Distribution. Antarctic and sub-Antarctic islands,South Chile.

Subfamily Eteoninae Bergstrom, 1914

Genus Eteone Savigny, 1820

Eteone sculpta Ehlers, 1897

Eteone sculpta (Ehlers 1897, p. 33, pl. 1, Figs. 26—33;Hartman 1964, p. 53, pl. 15, Figs. 9, 10; Uschakov 1966,p. 146, pl. 1, Fig. D; Hartmann-Schroder 1983, p. 262,Fig. 10)

Occurrence: Station 71, one specimen; Sta. 85, threespecimens.

Distribution. Antarctica, sub-Antarctic islands, Pata-gonian coasts.

Genus Eulalia Savigny, 1822

Eulalia subulifera Ehlers, 1897

Eulalia subulifera (Ehlers 1897, p. 29, pl. 2, Figs. 34—39;Gravier 1906, p. 26, pl. 2, Fig. 18, pl. 3, Fig. 27; Hartman1964, p. 53, pl. 16, Figs. 1, 2; Averincev 1972, p. 145,pl. 1, Fig. E)

Occurrence: Station 67, one specimen; Sta. 92, fivespecimens; Sta. 100, forty nine specimens.

Distribution. Antarctica, sub-Antarctic islands, Pata-gonian coasts.

Genus Mystides Theel, 1879

Mystides notialis Ehlers, 1913

Mystides notialis (Ehlers 1913, p. 457, pl. 29, Figs. 1—4;Hartman 1964, p. 56, pl. 16, Figs. 7, 8)

Occurrence: Station 73, two specimens; Sta. 92, fourspecimens; Sta. 100, five specimens.

Distribution. Antarctica, sub-Antarctic islands, Patago-nian coasts.

Genus Pterocirrus Claparede, 1868

Pterocirrus hunteri (Benham, 1921)

Pterocirrus hunteri (Benham 1927, p. 73, Figs. 21, 22)Eulalia (Pterocirrus) hunteri (Uschakov 1966, p. 146,p. 1, Fig. G)Steggoa hunteri (Hartman 1964, p. 57, pl. 17, Figs. 3—5)


Distribution. Antarctica. Sub-Antarctic islands.

290

Family Syllidae Grube, 1850

Subfamily Eusyllinae Rioja, 1925

Genus Pionosyllis Malmgren, 1867

Pionosyllis kerguelensis (McIntosh, 1885) n. comb.

Eusyllis keguelensis (McIntosh 1885, p. 191, pl. 29,Fig. 4, pl. 33, Fig. 3, pl. 15a, Fig. 12; Monro 1931, p. 94,Fig. 30a—c; Hartman 1964, p. 81, pl. 25, Figs. 2—3;Wesenberg-Lund 1961, p. 59, Fig. 19; Hartmann-Schroder 1965, p. 115, Figs. 74, 75; Harmann-Schroderand Rosenfeldt 1988, p. 39, Fig. 16)Pionosyllis comosa (Gravier 1906, p. 288; Ehlers 1913,p. 473, pl. 32, Figs. 1—4; Monro 1936, p. 128, Fig. 20;Hartman 1964, p. 85, pl. 26, Figs. 7, 8)

Occurrence: Station 52, one specimen; Sta. 71, onespecimen; Sta. 77, one specimen; Sta. 92, one specimen.

Remarks. Pionosyllis kerguelensis was originally de-scribed in the genus Eusyllis, which is characterized byhaving an incomplete crown of denticles on the edge ofthe pharynx, but none of the descriptions of Eusylliskerguelensis make any reference to that structure. Ina revision of the genus Pionosyllis in preparation, oneof the authors (G.S.M.) has examined a syntype ofEusyllis kerguelensis and many other specimens of thisspecies from various areas, as well as specimens identi-fied as Pionosyllis comosa Gravier; all have a doublecrown of soft papillae around the pharynx opening,rather than a circle of papillae and a circle of denticles.Therefore, we propose to include this species in thegenus Pionosyllis rather than the genus Eusyllis.

Distribution. Antarctic and sub-Antarctic seas, extendingnorthward to Argentina, Australia, and New Zealand.

Genus Eusyllis Malmgren, 1867

Eusyllis maxima (Monro, 1931)

Pionosyllis maxima (Monro 1931, p. 92, Fig. 29; Hart-man 1964, p. 87, pl. 27, Figs. 3—5)Pionosyllis anops (Hartman 1953, p. 24, Fig. 6a—c;Hartman 1964, p. 85, pl. 26, Figs. 5, 6)Pionosyllis epipharynx (Hartman 1953, p. 23, Figs. 3, 4;Hartman 1964, p. 87, pl. 27, Figs. 3—5)Eusyllis maxima (Jimenez et al. 1995, p. 496, Figs. 1, 2)

Occurrence. Station 73, one specimen.

Distribution. Antarctic and sub-Antarctic seas. South-ern Argentina.

Genus Syllides Oersted, 1845

Syllides articulosus Ehlers, 1897

Syllides articulosus (Ehlers 1897, p. 42, pl. 2,Figs. 48—52; Hartmann-Schroder 1965, 111, Figs. 71—73)Syllides articulosa (Banse 1971, p. 1475)

Occurrence. Station 7, three specimens; Sta. 92, onespecimen; Sta. 100, nine specimens.

Distribution. Antarctic and sub-Antarctic seas. South-ern Australia. Recently reported for the MediterraneanSea (Somaschini and San Martin, in press).

Subfamily Exogoninae Rioja, 1925

Genus Exogone O® rsted, 1845

Subgenus Exogone O® rsted, 1845

Exogone (Exogone) anomalochaeta Benham, 1921Exogone anomalochaeta (Benham 1921, p. 24, pl. 5,Figs. 11—13; Benham 1927, p. 62, pl. A, Figs. 9, 10;Blankensteyn and Lana 1986, p. 62, Figs. 30, 31)Exogone heterosetosa: (in part) (Hartman 1964, p. 81,pl. 25, Figs. 4—5)

Occurrence: Station 7, six specimens; Sta. 8, one speci-men; Sta. 85, one specimen; Sta. 100, twenty threespecimens.

Distribution. Antarctic seas.

Exogone (Exogone) heterosetoides australis Hartmann-Schroder and Rosenfeldt 1988Exogone heterosetoides australis (Hartmann-Schroderand Rosenfeldt 1988, p. 44, Fig. 23)

Occurrence: Station 1, two specimens; Sta. 7, two speci-mens; Sta. 73, three specimens; Sta. 75, one specimen;Sta. 85, one specimen; Sta. 92, one specimen; Sta. 100,thirty three specimens.

Distribution. Southern Australia, Tasmania, Antarctica.

Genus Sphaerosyllis Clapare%de, 1863

Subgenus Prosphaerosyllis San Martın, 1984

Sphaerosyllis (P.) joinvillensis Hartmann-Schroderand Rosenfeldt 1988

Sphaerosyllis joinvillensis (Hartmann-Schroder andRosenfeldt 1988, p. 42, Figs. 17, 18)

291


Distribution. Antarctic.

Subgenus Sphaerosyllis Claparede, 1863

Sphaerosyllis (S.) antarctica Gravier, 1906

Sphaerosyllis antarctica (Gravier 1906, p. 12, Figs. 7, 8,pl. 1, Figs. 9, 10; Averincev 1972, p. 162, pl. 26,Figs. 5—10)

Occurrence: Station 73, five specimens.

Distribution. Antarctic. South Chile.

Genus Grubeosyllis Verrill, 1900

Grubeosyllis rhopalophora (Ehlers, 1897) n. comb.

Grubea rhopalophora (Ehlers 1897, p. 53, pl. 3,Figs. 66—70)Brania rhopalophora (Hartman 1964, p. 79, pl. 25,Fig. 1; Averincev 1972, p. 160, pl. 27, Figs. 1—5)

Occurrence: Station 7, five specimens; Sta. 73, one spec-imen; Sta. 92, nine specimens; Sta. 100, three hundredseventy eight specimen.

Distribution. Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic seas; also re-ported from southern South America, southern Africa,Namibia, South Australia, New Zealand, and the CapeVerde Islands.

Subfamily Autolytinae ¸angerhans, 1879

Genus Autolytus Grube, 1850

Autolytus gibber Ehlers, 1897

Autolytus gibber (Ehlers 1897, p. 55, pl. 3, Figs. 71, 72;Hartman 1964, p. 77, pl. 24, Fig. 2; Hartmann-Schroder1965, p. 129, Figs. 96—99)


Distribution. Antarctic and sub-Antarctic seas. South-ern South America.

Family Nereididae Johnston, 1845

Genus Neanthes Kinberg, 1866

Neanthes kerguelensis (McIntosh, 1885)

Nereis kerguelensis (McIntosh 1885, p. 225, pl. 35,Figs. 10—12, pl. 16a, Figs. 17, 18; Ehlers 1897, p. 65,pl. 4, Figs. 81—93)Neanthes kerguelensis (Hartman 1964, p. 97, pl. 30,Figs. 5, 6; Hartman 1967, p. 64)

Occurrence: Station 7, eleven specimens; Sta. 52, twospecimens; Sta. 53, seven specimens; Sta. 71, eight speci-mens; Sta. 73, six specimens; Sta. 77, one specimen;Sta. 83, eight specimens; Sta. 92, four specimens; Sta.100, eight specimens.

Distribution. Antarctica, sub-Antarctic islands, south-ern South American coasts, Atlantic, Australia, NewZealand, Mediterranean.

Genus Micronereis Claparede, 1863

Micronereis anaramosae n. sp.

Fig. 3

Occurrence: Station 100, holotype and one paratype.

Description. Holotype female, 7 mm long, 1.2 mm wide(3rd setiger), with 27 setigers; paratype male, 3 mmlong, 0.72 mm wide, with 15 setigers. Body relativelylong, wide, and opaque, more strongly pigmented dor-sally than ventrally, with transversal bands of darkbrown spots on the dorsum, prostomium and dorsalcirri (Fig. 3A). Prostomium subquadrate, about as longas wide; two pairs of lensed eyes, anterior pair slightlylarger than posterior pair; two small, rounded, ven-trally directed palps. Peristomium very short, dorsallycovered by prostomium and first setiger, ventrally bi-lobed below mouth opening (Fig. 3B). Four pairs ofcylindrical tentacular cirri, posterior pair longer thananterior pair, extending posteriorly to setiger 3. Setigers1 and 2 short, uniramous, without dorsal cirri. Remain-ing parapodia biramous, with notopodia and neuro-podia widely separated, without interramal ciliation;dorsal cirri conical, ventral cirri similar but shorter.Female has numerous setae (Fig. 3C), but male withfew setae (Fig. 3D). Setae all compound homogomphspinigers; shafts without septa; blade long, smooth(Fig. 3E). Male without copulatory setae. Segmentaleyespots absent. Pygidium bilobed; anal cirri lost, ex-cept for moderately long, cylindrical left one of thefemale (Fig. 3F). Neither proboscis everted. Jaws offemale (dissected) long, wide, triangular, with a distalappex and about 11 teeth on margin, dorsally coveredby translucent hood (Fig. 3G). Jaws of male (dissected)of prolonged type, small, difficult to observe, withsmooth margin, without proximal teeth (Fig. 3H); para-gnaths not observed in either male or female.

292

Fig. 3A–H Micronereis anaramosae, n. sp. A anterior end, dorsalview, holotype (female). B anterior end, ventral view of the same.C posterior end, dorsal view of the same. D midbody parapodium ofthe same. E midbody parapodium of the paratype (male). F setae.G jaw of the female. H jaws of the male. Scale: A, B, C: 0.30 mm;D, E, G: 0.40 mm; F: 0.22 lm; H: 0.20 mm

Remarks. Following a revision of the genus by Paxton(1983), Micronereis anaramosae is unique in the genushaving males with the following combination of char-acters: the prolonged type of jaws, lacking copulatoryhooks and lacking accessory cirri (the single male isnot in the epigamic phase, so lack of accessory cirri onthis specimen may not be important). Micronereisanaramosae differs further from other species of thegenus by its great size, the male having jaws withoutproximal teeth and the female having jaws with nu-merous teeth — about 11. The most similar species isMicronereis minuta (Knox and Cameron 1970) fromNew Zealand; however, that species has the blades ofthe setae strongly serrated (Knox and Cameron 1970;Banse 1977; Paxton 1983), whereas on Micronereisanaramosae they are completely smooth.

Etymology. The species is named in honour of Dr. AnaRamos, chief of the Spanish Antarctic project, whosekind direction made possible the expeditions.

Family Sphaerodoridae Malmgren, 1867

Sphaerodoridae gen. sp.

Occurrence: Station 7, one specimen; Sta. 100, twospecimens.

Remarks. The very small size of the specimens do notpermit identification.

Family Nephtyidae Grube

Genus Aglaophamus Kinberg, 1866

Aglaophamus ornatus Hartman, 1967

Aglaophamus ornatus (Hartman 1967, p. 76, pl. 24)

Occurrence: Station 1, one specimen; Sta. 4, five speci-mens; Sta. 8, one specimen; Sta. 14, four specimens;Sta. 19, three specimens; Sta. 25, three specimens;Sta. 31, seven specimens; Sta. 32, one specimen; Sta. 34,three specimens; Sta. 39, three specimens; Sta. 43, onespecimen; Sta. 47, two specimens; Sta. 49, one specimen;Sta. 51, two specimens; Sta. 52, two specimens; Sta. 57,three specimens; Sta. 59, one specimen; Sta. 59, onespecimen; Sta. 61, one specimen; Sta. 62, three speci-mens; Sta. 63, three specimens; Sta. 71, two specimens;Sta. 81, one specimen; Sta. 90, one specimen; Sta. 100,two specimens; Sta. 101, one specimen; Sta. 105, onespecimen; Sta. 106, one specimen; Sta. 108, one speci-men; Sta. 109, two specimens.

Distribution. Sub-Antarctic islands, Bransfield Strait,Antarctic Peninsula.

Family Onuphidae Kinberg, 1865

Genus Kinbergonuphis Fauchald, 1982

Kinbergonuphis notialis (Monro, 1931)

Onuphis notialis (Monro 1931, p. 129, Fig. 48)Kinbergonuphis notialis (Orensanz 1990, p. 30, pl. 4)

Occurrence: Station 61, seven specimens; Sta. 63, onespecimen; Sta. 67, four specimens.

Distribution. South Shetland Islands, South OrkneyIslands, South Sandwich Islands and South GeorgiaIslands.

293

Genus Rhamphobrachium Ehlers, 1887 emendedPaxton, 1986

Rhamphobrachium (Spinigerium) ehlersi Monro, 1931

Rhamphobrachium ehlersi (Monro 1931, p. 126, Fig. 46;Monro 1936, p. 148, Fig. 27; Hartman 1964, p. 117,pl. 36, Figs. 3—7; Paxton 1986a, p. 18, Table 2)Rhamphobrachium (Spinigerium) ehlersi (Paxton 1986b,p. 93, Figs. 11a—11f; Orensanz 1990, p. 40, pl. 7, Figs. b—j)


Distribution. Endemic to the South Shetland/SouthOrkney Islands area.

Family ¸umbrineridae Malmgren, 1867

Genus ¸umbrineris Blainville, 1828

¸umbrineris kerguelensis (Grube, 1878)

¸umbrineris kerguelensis (Orensanz 1990, p. 85, pl. 22,Figs. g—l, pl. 40, Figs. c, e)

Occurrence: Station 1, one specimen; Sta. 4, one speci-men; Sta. 7, one specimen; Sta. 14, one specimen;Sta. 23, 2 specimens; Sta. 31, one specimen; Sta. 38, onespecimen; Sta. 43, three specimens; Sta. 53, two speci-mens; Sta. 57, one specimen; Sta. 58, two specimens;Sta. 59, three specimens; Sta. 62, one specimen; Sta. 71,one specimen; Sta. 73, one specimen; Sta. 76, one speci-men; Sta. 84, one specimen; Sta. 86, one specimen;Sta. 90, one specimen.

Remarks. We include all these specimens under ¸um-brineris kerguelensis following the keys and descrip-tions of Orensanz (1990); he included several formsunder the group named Kerguelensis-cingulata andperhaps there are several different species involved;however, a detailed analysis of many specimens isneeded to discriminate between them.

Distribution. Orensanz reported that this species wasrestricted to areas south of the Antarctic Convergence.

Family Dorvilleidae Chamberlin, 1919

Genus Protodorvillea Pettibone, 1961

Protodorvillea kefersteini (McIntosh, 1869)

Protodorvillea kefersteini (Hartmann-Schroder 1971,p. 262, Fig. 87; Perkins 1979, p. 456, Figs. 17g—m;Hartmann-Schroder and Rosenfeldt 1988, p. 51)


Distribution. Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Ant-arctic seas.

Genus Ophryotrocha Claparede & Metschnikow, 1869

Ophryotrocha notialis (Ehlers, 1908)

Ophryotrocha notialis (Orensanz 1990, p. 12, pl. 35)


Distribution. Magellanic Province, South Georgia,Kerguelen Islands, Antarctic Peninsula, South Shet-land Islands.

Acknowledgements The preparation of this paper has been supportedby the C.I.C.Y.T. (Comision Interministerial de Ciencia y Tec-nologia), project number ANT95-1011. We wish to express ourgratitude to all members of the project, especially Dr. Ana Ramos,and Dr. Patrick Arnaud, who provided us with many papers onAntarctic polychaetes not easily accessible to us. The comments ofthree anonymous referees greatly improved the quality of the paper.

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