epigenetics: investigating the structure & function of deoxyribonucleic acid
TRANSCRIPT
Epigenetics: Investigating the
Structure & Function of Deoxyribonucleic
Acid
Epigenetics: Investigating the
Structure & Function of Deoxyribonucleic
Acid
Interdisciplinary Investigations (IDI)
Chemistry 161 Chemistry 162 Chemistry 163Epigenetics
This Investigation: Day 1Pre-Lab DiscussionPart 1: Structure and Function of DNAPart 2: IDI Challenge 1
Day 2Part 3: Seminar Part 4: IDI Challenge 2Part 5: Post-lab Assignment
Pre-Lab Discussion
What did you find most interesting about each video?
Part 1 A-C: Parts of the DNA Molecule
SugarNitrogenous Bases
Polarity of G & C Bases
D. Linking Through Chemical Bonds
The Phosphodiester Bond
DNA Double Helix
E. Functions of DNA
DNA Replication:
DNA must be accurately copied to
allow for the production of new cells during growth, repair,
and reproduction.
Gene Expression:
Specific regions of DNA, called genes,
must convey information to allow
cells to build the needed proteins
through transcription and translation.
Functions of DNA
DNA Replication:
DNA Replication: Let’s Watch
http://www.youtube.com/v/4jtmOZaIvS0
Functions of DNA
Gene Expression
Epigenetics and DNA Methylation:
• Do all your cells have the same DNA?
• Do all your cells use all their DNA? Why or why not?
All Our Cells Work From Essentially the Same Genome/DNA Template.
Thus cells must be able to regulate which genes they use.
Epigenetics and DNA Methylation:
• Differential gene expression allows different cell types to adopt different fates.
• Mistakes in gene regulation are associated with a variety of diseases, especially cancer.
Gene Regulation Plays an Important Role in Many Diseases
DNA Methylation
Write down your ideas for the three questions in Part E!
This reaction is enzyme-mediated.
DNA methylation silences genes.
Part 2: IDI Challenge
On your white board, make a group drawing that represents your thinking about how methylation of DNA “silences” a gene?
Be sure to capture your drawing as a photograph for your post-lab
report!
Part 3: Seminar
Assignment For Next Week:
1.Read these two articles:“A New Kind of Inheritance”, Scientific American, 2014
“Ancestral dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) exposure promotes epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of obesity” BMC Medicine, 2013.
2. Write a summary of the articles. 3. Write three questions 4. Bring the summary and questions with you to class and be prepared to participate in an in-class seminar
Day 2 Agenda:
• Intro to Epigenetics• The Structure & Discovery
of DNA• DNA Function • Methylation• Drawing Activity
How do we detect DNA methylation?
We use CHEMISTRY!
How do we detect DNA methylation?
We use CHEMISTRY!
Next: Your Seminar
1. Find your team!2. Introductions and Roles.3. Discuss the paper, using your
questions as a guide.4. Report out!
Structure, Function, and the Value of Visualization:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wJyUtbn0O5Y
Challenge: Let’s Draw Again!
On your white board, make a drawing that represents your thinking about how methylation of DNA “silences” a gene?
DNA Methylation: Let’s Watch
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=29doT6Hf2MI&list=PLU1BVhkEIXAHNboZCjPi2dovL1N9EazoJ