environmental pollution power point

7/25/2019 Environmental Pollution Power Point

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Environmental Pollution



Introduction• Pollution has become the first enemy of the

mankind. Industrial revolution of 19th centuryled to environmental disaster. The whole world

is now more afraid of pollution rather than

nuclear blast. Technological advancement hasbrought revolutionary changes in life style and

national economy with overwhelming power

over nature. The protection of environmenthas become a major issue around the global

for the well being of the people and economic

development.



What is Pollution?

• Pollution we hear it every other day at schoolcollege and read about it in newspapers. !o what is

it" Pollution occurs when pollutants contaminate the

natural surroundings# which brings about changes

that affect our normal lifestyles adversely. Pollutantsare the key elements or components of pollution

which are generally waste materials of different

forms. Pollution disturbs our ecosystem and the

balance in the environment. $ith moderni%ation anddevelopment in our lives pollution has reached its

peak# giving rise to global warming and human

illness.



Environmental Pollution

• Environmental pollution is “the contamination of the physical and

biological components of the earth/atmosphere system to such an

extent that normal environmental processes are adverselyaffected”.

• Environmental pollution is defined as the undesirable change in

physical, chemical and biological characteristics of our air, land

and water. As a result of overpopulation, rapid industriali!ations,and other human activities li"e agriculture and deforestation etc.,

earth became loaded with diverse pollutants that were released as

byproducts.

• Environmental pollution is the introduction of harmful pollutantsinto a certain environment that ma"e an environment unhealthy to

live in. #he widespread pollutants are usually chemicals, garbage,

and wastewater. Environmental pollution is happening in multifold

parts of Earth usually in the form of air and water pollution.



Causes of Environmental Pollution

• 1. Industries: Industries have been polluting our environment especially since

the beginning of the industrial revolution as mentioned above notably due to

the increasing use of fossil fuels. In the 19 th century and for a significant part of

the &'th century coal has been use to make machines work faster replacing

human force. Though pollution by industries mainly causes air pollution soil

and water contamination can also occur. This is particularly the case for power(

generating industries such as plants producing electricity )*ay they be a dam

a nuclear reactor or some other type of plant+.• ,lso the transportation of this energy can be harmful to the environment. $e

can take as an e-ample the transportation of petrol through pipelines# if there is

a leak in the pipeline soil will automatically be polluted. ,t the same time if the

tanker transporting the petrol from its production plant to the place where it will

be consumed leaks or sinks the water will get contaminated.

• 2. Transportation: ver since men abandoned animal power to travel pollutionof the environment has become higher and higher. Its levels have only been

increasing until now. !imilarly to industries pollution caused by transport can

mainly be attributed to fossil fuels. Indeed humans went from horse carriages

to cars trains )which before electricity used to be propelled by coal+ and

airplanes. ,s the traffic is increasing every day pollution follows that evolution.



Causes of Environmental Pollution (Cont…

• !. "#ricultural "ctivities: ,griculture is mainly responsible for the contamination of

water and soil. This is caused by the increased use of pesticides as well as by the

intensive character of its production. ,lmost all pesticides are made from chemical

substances and are meant to keep diseases and threatening animals away from the

crops. /owever by keeping these forms of life away harm is almost always made to

the surrounding environment as well.

• 0urthermore as agriculture gets more and more intensive to feed the increasing

world population more environments and ecosystems are destroyed to make space

for the crops. !ome of them like rapeseed used to make oil demand a lot ofspace for a relatively small output.

• $. Tradin# "ctivities: Trading activities including the production and e-change of

goods and services. 2oncerning goods pollution can be caused by packaging

)which often involves the use of plastic which is made from fossil fuels+ or transport

mainly.

• %. &esidences: 0inally residential areas provide their fair share of pollution as well.0irst to be able to build homes natural environment has to be destroyed in one way

or another. $ildlife and plants are driven away and replaced by human

constructions. ,s it re3uires the work of industries construction itself is also a source

of contamination of the environment. Then when people settle in they will produce

waste every day including a part that cannot be processed by the environment

without harm yet.



Effects of Environmental Pollution

• 1. Effects on 'umans: The effects of environmental pollution on humans are

mainly physical but can also turn into neuro(affections in the long term. The best(known troubles to us are respiratory in the form of allergies asthma irritation of

the eyes and nasal passages or other forms of respiratory infections. 4otably

these well spread affections can be observed when air pollution is high in cities

when the weather gets hot for instance. 5n top of that environmental pollution

has been proven to be a major factor in the development of cancer. This can

happen for e-ample when we eat reminiscences of pollutants used in theproduction of processed foods or pesticides from the crops. 5ther rarer

diseases include hepatitis typhoid affections diarrhoea and hormonal

disruptions.

• 2. Effects on "nimals: nvironmental pollution mainly affects animal by causing

harm to their living environment making it to-ic for them to live in. ,cid rains can

change the composition of rivers and seas making them to-ic for fishes an

important 3uantity of o%one in the lower parts of the atmosphere can cause lung

problems to all animals. 4itrogen and phosphates in water will cause overgrowth

of to-ic algae preventing other forms of life to follow their normal course.

ventually soil pollution will cause harm and sometimes even the destruction of

microorganisms which can have the dramatic effect of killing the first layers of

the primary food chain.



Effects of Environmental Pollution (Cont…

• !. Effects on Plants: ,s for animals plants and

especially trees can be destroyed by acid rains)and this will also have a negative effect on animals

as well as their natural environment will be

modified+ o%one in the lower atmosphere block the

plant respiration and harmful pollutants can beabsorbed from the water or soil.

• $. Effects on the Ecosstem: In short

environmental pollution almost e-clusively created

by human activities has a negative effect on the

ecosystem destroying crucial layers of it and

causing an even more negative effect on the upper

layers.



&an)in# Position in *an#ladesh of Environmental

Pollution

• 6angladesh has been ranked fourth among 91countries with worst urban air 3uality in the latest

air pollution monitoring report of World 'ealth

+r#anisation (W'+.

• *oreover three 6angladeshi cities have beenput among the top &7 cities with poorest air.

The &'18 version of the ,mbient ,ir Pollution

),,P+ database consists mainly of urban air

3uality data of 1'' cities from 91 countries.

(,ource: The -ail ,tar /a 0 201$



+3E&4/E4T"5 ,TEP, 6+& P+557TI+4 C+4T&+5 I4 *"45"-E,'#he $%inistry of Environment and &orest '%(E&)* of +angladesh is primarily responsible for environmental

protection. t was created in -. #he %(E& has ta"en some steps to control the environmental

pollution of +angladesh.

National Environmental Management Action Plan (NEMAP): #he government has ta"en a pro0ect named

1E%A2 to integrate environment with the development in a policy framewor". t provides a guideline

for promoting effective management of resources, raising awareness among the people and improvement

of environmental degradation.

Environmental Acts, Rules and Laws: #he government of +angladesh has modified environmental acts,

rules and laws to improve environmental condition. Environment court has already been established to

ta"e prompt legal action against environmental pollution. #he 3(E has been empowered to punish the

offenders of environmental rules.

Control of Air Pollution: 4ecently the 3(E has ta"en some measures to carry out surveys on identificationand control of polluting industries, protecting habitats, examining the use of compressed natural gas in

industries, setting environmental standards and controlling river and automobile pollution on

environmental management. t also conducts vehicular emission measurements at 3ha"a city.

Banning of Polet!lene Bags: %ost of the sewage lines of 3ha"a city have been bloc"ed by indiscriminate

dumping of polyethylene bags over the years. As such, the government has banned the production,

mar"eting and use of polyethylene bags up to 56 microns thic" or less from 6- %arch 5665.

"r#an $rans%ort Pro&ect: A 7rban #ransport 2ro0ect has been launched by the 8overnment to improve

traffic system, envisage good bus services, improve road networ"s by constructing overbridges, fly

overs, underpasses and envisages a positive role for nonmotori!ed transport.

• 5669 to implement the facilitation, construction and installation of twin pit latrine. t improves rural

sanitation coverage and reduces infectious diseases in rural areas.



+3E&4/E4T"5 ,TEP, 6+& P+557TI+4 C+4T&+5

I4 *"45"-E,' (Cont…Em#argo on 'm%ort of 'tems: #he government has banned the import of leaded petrol,

high sulfur diesel and high sulfur coal. #he government has also encouraged to use

:ompressed 1atural 8as ':18) to the automobiles. +angladesh 4oad #ransport

Authority '+4#A) has restricted the registration on two stro"e three wheelers.

Control of Arsenic Pollution: #he 8overnment has ta"en four ;trategies to mitigate the

arsenic problem. #hese are as follows<

'-). mmediate detection of the arsenic effected patients and ensure their proper treatment.

'5). dentify the arsenic contaminated tube wells, labeled them with red colour for dangerones and green with safe ones.

'9). 3etect the reasons for arsenic contamination in soil water and find out the sources of

safe drin"ing water.

'=). :onduct health education campaigns and grow awareness among the people.

nowledge Enric!ment Programme: Environmental education program has beenincorporated in primary and higher education. %any universities have introduced

various curriculum and pro0ects on environmental issue. 8overnment organi!ations as

well as 18(s present meetings and seminars to arise public awareness on the

environmental issue.

Rural anitation Programme: #he +angladesh 8overnment has ta"en a rural sanitation

programme from (ctober



,7E,TE- ,TEP, 6+& P+557TI+4 C+4T&+5#he government has ta"en some steps to improve the pollution control of

+angladesh. +ut the steps are not ade>uate. As such, few more steps

may also be ta"en to improve the environmental degradation<

"se of Environmental $ec!nologies and Met!ods: Environmental

technologies and methods such as 8eographic nformation ;ystems

'8;), remote sensing and environmental impact assessment might be

used for integrated policy formulation, decisionma"ing, evaluation

and monitoring of environment.

*evelo%ment of Environmental *ata#ase: A comprehensive

environmental database may be made and the environmental planners

might have the access for environmental upgradation, planning and

management #he database is to be updated regularly.Environmental Education and Awareness: &ormal and informal

methods of education might be adopted through local media, seminars,

celebrations, wor"shops, wal"s and student competitions to aware the

people regarding the process of environmental degradation.



,7E,TE- ,TEP, 6+& P+557TI+4 C+4T&+5 (Cont…

'ndustrial and olid +aste Management: #he government might ta"e appropriate

measures to monitor emission limits and %ar"et +ased ncentives '%+) for

reducing pollution control. #he industries might be given both technical and

financial support for introducing mitigation measures, promoting green

technologies, using less pollution technologies and recycling the waste.

Enforcement of Rules and Regulation: Environmental :onservation 4ules of -?,

traffic rules and other relevant environmental laws might be enforced further to

punish the violation of the emission limits.

"r#an $rans%ort Management: 8overnment must strengthen vehicle emission

standards, complete the emission inventory and conduct an investigation on the

emission control measures. Autoric"shaw must be restricted in 3ha"a city.

8overnment must replace old vehicles, twostro"e engine vehicles, improve

traffic conditions and promote an e>uivalent and efficient alternative public

transportation services to improve urban transport management.

Reduce ulfur in *iesel: 8overnment must ta"e necessary steps to remove sulfur

content from diesel through hydrodesulphuri!ation '@3;) process. #he

government must also enforce the vehicle manufacturers to install catalytic

converters in every vehicle to reduce the vehicular emissions.



Conclusion• nvironmental pollution is causing a lot of distress not only to humans

but also animals driving many animal species to endangerment and even

e-tinction.

• The transboundary nature of environmental pollution makes it even

more difficult to manage it you cannot build brick walls along the

borders of your country or put customs cabins at every point of entry to

regulate its flows into your country.

• verything on our planet is interconnected and while the nature

supplies us with valuable environmental services without which we cannot

e-ist we all depend on each other8s actions and the way we treat

natural resources.

• It:s widely recogni%ed that we are hugely overspending our current

budget of natural resources at the e-isting rates of its e-ploitation there

is no way for the environment to recover in good time and continue;performing< well in the future.

• Perhaps we should adopt a holistic vie9 of nature it is not an entity

that e-ists separately from us# the nature is us we are an inalienable

part of it and we should care for it in the most appropriate manner. 5nly

then can we possibly solve the problem of environmental pollution.

environmental pollution power point

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