ensayo semiotico de comic: crisis infinita # 7

5/7/2018 Ensayo Semiotico de Comic: Crisis Infinita # 7 - slidepdf.com

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Gb gj qjfbl {giæbthkl* gj jg}gif klb{thtwxg jf ql{hnhjhdfd dg ifbhog{tfkhûb dg jf{ wbhdfdg{ dg{gbthdl* g{ dgkh~ vwg {hb jl{ jg}gif{* jl{ {gif{ bl qld~éfb ifbhog{tf~{g -Njfbkl x Nwgbl*68=8(" F{é qwg{* ql~ kwg{thlbg{ dgj fbæjh{h{ q~lqwg{tl qf~f g{tg t~fnfel* tlif~gil{ kliljg}gif{ f kfdf qg~{lbfeg dgj fbæjh{h{* g{ dgkh~ f [wqg~ifb)>* [wqg~ifb)6 x [wqg~nlx)Q~hig{gcõb kl~~g{qlbdf" Gbtlbkg{* gj jg}gif ‚[wqg~ifb)>’ klbtgbd~æ khg~tl{ {gif{ l~dgbfdl{

eg~æ~vwhkfigbtg gb gj kwfj gj q~hig~ {gif thgbg wbf q~hl~hdfd ifxl~ ~g{qgktl f jl{ dgiæ{qf~f gj jg}gif ‚[wqg~ifb)>’ -hnéd"("

Jf{ wbhdfdg{ iébhif{ dg {gbthdl {lb dgblihbfdf{ {gif{ -hnéd"(" Wb {gif ~gvwhg~g dg wbf~gjfkhûb lql{hkhûb klb lt~l {gif dgj ih{il bhgj qf~f fdvwh~h~ fjl~* f{é gb gj kf{l dg[wqg~ifb)> gj {gif ,if{kwjhbhdfd, fdvwhg~g {gbthdl fj g{tf~ ~gjfkhlbfdl klb gj {gif,ogihbhdfd,* jf klbg}hûb gbt~g finl{ g{tæ dfdf ql~ gj geg dg jf {g}wfjhdfd jl vwg bl{ qg~ihtgkliq~gbdg~ wbl gb owbkhûb dgj lt~l -hnéd"(" [hb ginf~cl* gb jf ifxl~éf dg jl{ dh{kw~{l{ {ljlfqf~gkg wbl dg jl{ tè~ihbl{ lqwg{tl{* gj tè~ihbl fw{gbtg g{ hbog~hdl ql~ klil gj tè~ihblq~g{gbtg g{ q~g{gbtfdl gb gj ~gjftl -hnéd"(" Hcwfj fbæjh{h{ {g qwgdg ~gfjhuf~ klb kfdf wbl dg jl{{gif{ vwg kl~~g{qlbdgb fj jg}gif ‚[wqg~ifb)>’"

Gb dhkml {gbthdl* qldgil{ hdgbthohkf~ khg~tl{ ~f{cl{ ohcw~fthl{* l bõkjgl{ {èihkl{ qf~fgogktl{ dg igtldljlcéf* hbiwtfnjg{ ~g{qgktl f jf{ t~g{ g~{hlbg{ f fbfjhuf~" Jl{ {gif{

bwkjgf~g{ {lb gj klbewbtl dg ~f{cl{ dg qg~kgqkhûb dgj {gbthdl dgj jg}gif jl{ kwfjg{ {gf~thkwjfb gb {gif{ -hnéd"(" Jf f~thkwjfkhûb dgj klbewbtl dg g{tl{ {gif{ bwkjgf~g{ gb owbkhûb dgjjg}gif {g dgblihbf bõkjgl {èihkl -hnéd"(" Xf vwg @fj)J owg gj q~hig~ [wqg~ifb gb fqf~gkg~g~gil{ g{tl{ ~f{cl{ gb owbkhûb dg èj" Gbklbt~fil{ vwg gj ~f{cl ,if{kwjhbhdfd, {hgiq~g mfg{tfdl q~g{gbtg gb gj qg~{lbfeg dg{dg {w klbkgqkhûb* tfj klil mgil{ h{tl gb jf hbt~ldwkkhûb[wqg~ifb {hgiq~g owg qgb{fdl klil wb mlin~g* hbkjw{l kwfbdl [hgcgj qjfbtgl q~hig~l gjklbkgqtl klil wb hjjfbl gb ^ghbc lo tmg [wqg~)Ifb dg 68;;" G}h{tg wbf fbèkdltf fj ~g{qgktlgb jf kwfj {g dh{kwtg jf ql{hnhjhdfd vwg jf k~gfkhûb dg [wqg~ifb g{twhg~f jhcfdf f jf iwg~tgdgj qfd~g dg [hgcgj gb wb hbtgbtl dg f{fjtl* {w{ kliqfög~l{ dgkéfb ‚tw qfd~g iwg~g gb wb

f{fjtl x tõ hbgbtf{ f wb mlin~g f q~wgnf dg nfjf{ vwg {g klbhg~tg gb gj ifxl~ mè~lg dgjiwbdl’ -Sh`hqgdhf* F("

Hcwfj {g~æ gj kf{l ~g{qgktl f ,wbhol~ihdfd,* qg{g f jl{ kfinhl{ dg{dg {w q~hig~f fqf~hkhûb gbFkthlb Klihk{ +6 mf{tf jf ogkmf* jf kf~fktg~é{thkf dg {w wbhol~ig {hgiq~g g{ wb ofktl~ dh{thbthl



dgj qg~{lbfeg gb g{qgkhfj gj {éinljl dg jf [ gb gj qgkml" Lt~l dg jl{ ~f{cl{ vwg {hgiq~g {gifbthgbgb {lb jl{ kljl~g{ ,q~hif~hl,* {fjl fjcwbf{ qlkf{ g}kgqkhlbg{* jl{ kljl~g{~gjfkhlbfdl{ fj qg~{lbfeg {hgiq~g {lb fuwj* ~lel x fif~hjjl" Ohbfjigbtg* [wqg~ifb fj {g~ wbildgjl qf~f iwkml{* mfnjfbdl gb tè~ihbl{ dg jf klbthbwhdfd dg ohkkhûb* jl vwg {g ghdgbkhfgb {w kûdhcl il~fj g{ lnhl vwg gj qg~{lbfeg fj g}q~g{f~{g dgng mfkg~jl klb q~lqhgdfd x {hbhbkw~~h~ gb ofjtf{ jè}hkf{ jl vwg bl{ jjgf f {w õjthil ~f{cl ,dhkkhûb,"

Qf{gil{ fml~f f fbfjhuf~ jl{ ~f{cl{ ohcw~fthl{ qg~tgbgkhgbtg{ f kfdf wbl dg gjjl{ gb gjo~fcigbtl {gjgkkhlbfdl" Dw~fbtg gj t~fb{kw~{l dg K~h{h{ Hbohbhtf gil{ wb kfinhl ~fdhkfj gb jffkkhûb dg [wqg~ifb)>" [h dw~fbtg jf q~hig~f K~h{h{ @fj)J g{ il{t~fdl klb{tfbtgigbtg gbfkthl* gb g{tf {gcwbdf K~h{h{ {w fkkhûb x fkthtwd {g tl~bf ,qf{hl, hbkjw{l mf{tf gj ohbfj dg jfih{if dw~fbtg jf nftfjjf klbt~f [wqg~nlx)Q~hig" [fjl khg~tl{ iligbtl{* klil {w jwkmfklbt~f [wqg~ifb)6 gb Thg~~f)> l jf nftfjjf dg Igt~ûqljh{ klbt~f jf [lkhgdfd dg [õqg~ hjjfbl{*gb gj ~g{tl dgj ~gjftl @fj)J g{ ifbhqwjfdl ql~ Fjg}fbdg~ l ~gkw~~g f jf dhqjlifkhf qf~f cfbf~fjhfdl{ f {w kfw{f" [w ~lj gb jf nftfjjf ohbfj klbt~f [wqg~nlx)Q~hig fqlxf {w ~f{cl ,qf{hl,*iæ{ fjjæ dg wb q~hig~ ftfvwg @fj)J g{ ~æqhdfigbtg dg~~ltfdl ql~ Q~hig gb wbf cljqhuf {fjfegvwgdfbdl f{é owg~f dg jf jwkmf"

Xf kgbt~æbdlbl{ gb jf jwkmf klbt~f Q~hig* [wqg~ifb)> f f q~g{gbtf~ dl{ ~f{cl{ ohbfjg{ vwgfqlxfb gj q~hig~l ,qf{hl," G{tl{ dl{ ~f{cl{* ,ilhjhdfd, x ,ml~hulbtfjhdfd,* qwgdgb g~{g gb{hiwjtæbgl" Gb gj o~fcigbtl* @fj)J giqhguf gb gj {wgjl jwgcl vwg ewbtl f [wqg~ifb)6 x[wqg~nlx)Q~hig {g g{t~gjjf~fb gb gj qjfbgtf" T~f{ gj ftfvwg dg Q~hig {ln~g [wqg~ifb)6 x vwgfvwgj qg~dhg~f {w{ qldg~g{* [wqg~ifb)> {g qlbg gb qhg x ftfkf f Q~hig" Kwfbdl gj kmhkl {g dfkwgbtf vwg mf qg~dhdl {w{ qldg~g{ x f~ifdw~f klbt~fftfkf klb tldl x dg~~hnf f [wqg~ifb)>qf~f {g~ dg~~ltfdl x bl ljg~ f fqf~gkg~ gb gj ~g{tl dgj o~fcigbtl" Dg{dg gj fbæjh{h{ dg ~f{cl{ohcw~fthl{* [wqg~ifb)> qf{f dg wb g{tfdl dg ,ml~hulbtfjhdfd, hbhkhfj f wbf ,g~thkfjhdfd,goéig~f* dg hcwfj ol~if {ljl gil{ ,ilhjhdfd,* gb bhbcõb iligbtl {g dg{qjfuf dg {w jwcf~"Ohbfjigbtg* t~f{ gj ftfvwg dg Q~hig* [wqg~ifb)> vwgdf qg~ifbgbtgigbtg gb

,ml~hulbtfjhdfd,"

G{tl{ t~g{ ~f{cl{ dhog~gbkhfjg{* ,qf{hl, ,ilhjhdfd, x ,ml~hulbtfjhdfd,* q~g{gbtg{ gb[wqg~ifb)> fb fkl~dg klb {w ~lj klil fxwdfbtg dg [wqg~ifb)6 dw~fbtg jf nftfjjf x vwgfvwé hdgbthohkfil{ klb gj kjf{gif ,{gkwfu, qf~f dhog~gbkhf~jl dg ‚fxwdfbtg’ vwg thgbg wbf

klbbltfkhûb jhcfdf fj q~ltfclbh{tf" Jl{ kjf{gif{ {g~æb t~ftfdl{ gb jf qf~tg dg {hbtf}h{owbdfigbtfj* fdgiæ{ jl{ kjf{gif{ kl~~g{qlbdhgbtg{ f kfdf qg~{lbfeg {g~æb ghdgbtg{ fjh{wfjhuf~jl{ gb gj ildgjl fktfbkhfj"

[wqg~ifb)6

[wqg~ifb dg Thg~~f)6* @fj)Gj* g{ gj fktwfj [wqg~ifb dg jf klbthbwhdfd DK t~f{ K~h{h{ gb jf{

Thg~~f{ Hbohbhtf{ x gj ifxl~ mè~lg dg Bwgf Thg~~f -Sh`hqgdhf* F0 N(" F dhog~gbkhf dg {wfbtgkg{l~ dg jl{ 41{* [wqg~ifb)6 bl g{ gj q~hig~ mè~lg gb mfkg~{g qõnjhkl* jf bwgfklbthbwhdfd ql{t)K~h{h{ g{tfnjgkéf vwg jl{ qg~{lbfeg{ dg jf{ lt~f{ thg~~f{* klil jl{ ihgin~l{l~hchbfjg{ dg Thg~~f)>* vwg {ln~ghhg~lb jf K~h{h{ owg~lb dg jl{ q~hig~l{* klb jl kwfj {gg{tfnjgkg gj qf{l dg wbf cgbg~fkhûb f lt~f"

Dw~fbtg jl{ q~hig~l{ bõig~l{ dg K~h{h{ gb jf{ Thg~~f{ Hbohbhtf{* [wqg~ifb)6 bl g{ klb{khgbtgdg jl vwg {wkgdg -Uhbkl* 68=3n(" [ljl kwfbdl tldl{ jl{ mè~lg{ x hjjfbl{ {lb hbol~ifdl{ dg jf{htwfkhûb* g{ vwg gj ~lj dg [wqg~ifb)6 {g wgjg iæ{ fkthl -_hd* 68=3n(" [hb ginf~cl* gb {w{gbo~gbtfihgbtl{ klb gj hjjfbl bwbkf jlc~f gbkg~ x g{ bgkg{f~hf jf hbtg~gbkhûb dg lt~l{qg~{lbfeg{ qf~f ghtf~ jf dg~~ltf dgj mè~lg -hnéd"(" Dw~fbtg jf jwkmf ohbfj* {w iligbtl dghktl~hf jg g{ f~~gnftfdf qwg{ [wqg~ifb)> jl dgef hbklb{khgbtg klb jf hbtgbkhûb dg {fjf~jl



-hnéd"(" Fj ohbfjhuf~ jf K~h{h{* wbf Bwgf Thg~~f gig~cg klb wbf mh{tl~hf wbhohkfdf x wb õbhkl[wqg~ifb qf~f jf bwgf klbthbwhdfd -hnéd"("

Jl kw~hl{l dg K~h{h{ g{ vwg qg{g fj mgkml dg mfng~ {hdl wbf dg jf{ {fcf{ iæ{ hiql~tfbtg{*jwgcl dg wb thgiql jl{ qg~{lbfeg{ {ln~ghhgbtg{ dg jf ih{if ljhdfb vwg fjcwbf gu g}h{thûwb iwjthg~{l -hnéd"(" F{wihil{ vwg gj mgkml {g dgng f k~gf~ wb {tftw{ vwl dg{dg kg~l* kl{f

vwg bl mfn~éf {hdl ql{hnjg {h jf K~h{h{ {g ifbtgbéf gb jf igil~hf dg jf bwgf klbthbwhdfd"Klil klb{gkwgbkhf dg jf ih{if* {g k~gf wb bwgl l~hcgb qf~f [wqg~ifb)6"

Gj gogktl iæ{ {hcbhohkfthl ql{t)K~h{h{ g{ jf o~fcigbtfkhûb dgj ihtl dgj mg~lé{il* jl{ mè~lg{ dgBwgf Thg~~f g{tæb {wegtl{ f jf iwg~tg x jf t~fcgdhf -Chièbgu(" Gj gegiqjl iæ{ kjf~l dg jfo~fcigbtfkhûb dgj ihtl g{ jf iwg~tg dg [wqg~ifb* fwbvwg dhcbf gb tè~ihbl{ dg gbt~gcf ql~{fjf~ f tldl{* {h gj ifxl~ mè~lg dgj wbhg~{l DK kfg gb nftfjjf gbtlbkg{ vwg ql{hnhjhdfdg{thgbgb jl{ dgiæ{ dg bl tgbg~ gj ih{il dg{thbl -Sh`hqgdhf* N(" G{tg g{tfdl bl {g~éfqg~ifbgbtg* [wqg~ifb ~gc~g{f x ~gkwqg~f {w jwcf~ klil gj q~ltgktl~ dg Igt~ûqljh{ -hnéd"("

Ohbfjigbtg* wb bwgl l~hcgb dg [wqg~ifb)6 g{ g{tfnjgkhdl -F(" Gb tltfj tgbgil{ t~g{ l~écgbg{

qf~f wb qg~{lbfeg f jl jf~cl dg 41 föl{ dg qwnjhkfkhûb -?1{* =1{ ql{t)K~h{h{ x >11;(" Fwbvwg jfg{gbkhf dgj qg~{lbfeg {g ifbthgbg* jl{ iõjthqjg{ l~écgbg{ dg [wqg~ifb)6 mfnjfb dg èj klilwb qg~{lbfeg ifjgfnjg {hb wb ~winl ohel" Lt~f dg jf{ kf~fktg~é{thkf{ vwg fqlxfb jl qjfbtgfdlg{ jf ~g{w~~gkkhûb dgj qg~{lbfeg* gb {w fw{gbkhf kwft~l f{qh~fbtg{ {g dh{qwtfb gj qwg{tl dgjq~ltgktl~ dg Igt~ûqljh{ -N(" Jf hdgbthdfd dgj mè~lg vwgdf dhhdhdf gb g{tf{ kwft~l g~{hlbg{vwg nw{kfb jjgbf~ gj fkél dgefdl t~f{ {w iwg~tg -Chièbgu(" _h{tl dg g{tf ol~if* jwgcl dg {w~g{w~~gkkhûb* [wqg~ifb)6 dgng qf{f~ ql~ wb q~lkg{l dg jgchthihufkhûb dg {é ih{il"Ggbtwfjigbtg jl jlc~f" Jf hdgbthdfd dgj mè~lg {g klbhg~tg gb wbf dg jf{ q~hbkhqfjg{hbklb{h{tgbkhf{ dg jf bwgf klbthbwhdfd dg DK vwg dgng {g~ kl~~gchdf x vwg igel~ ol~if dgmfkg~jl vwg gb gj klbtg}tl dg wbf bwgf K~h{h{"

Gb K~h{h{ Hbohbhtf* jl{ mè~lg{ dg jf q~hig~f K~h{h{ ~gc~g{fb dh{qwg{tl{ f kl~~gch~ gj dföl kfw{fdlql~ jf bwgf klbthbwhdfd -Elmb{* >11?(" Kw~hl{figbtg* [wqg~ifb)6 ~gqhtg wb g{vwgif dgfkkhûb {hihjf~ f jf q~hig~f K~h{h{* bl thgbg hdgf dg vwg {wkgdg -hnéd"(" Jf k~hthkf vwg jg mfkgNftifb fj q~hbkhqhl dgj ggbtl ~gq~g{gbtf jf g{gbkhf dgj qg~{lbfeg dw~fbtg tldl gj qg~hldlql{t)K~h{h{* g{ wb [wqg~ifb hdgbthohkfdl dgif{hfdl klb jf mwifbhdfd vwg q~gohg~g blhbtg~og~h~ bh il{t~f~{g gb tldl {w qltgbkhfj qf~f bl {g~ tlifdl klil wb dhl{* gb {w kfwtgjf mfdgefdl {w ~lj klil hb{qh~fkhûb qf~f jf mwifbhdfd -hnéd"("

[ljl t~f{ jf iwg~tg dgj [wqg~nlx ildg~bl f ifbl{ dg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig x gj ftfvwg fIgt~ûqljh{* [wqg~ifb)6 tlif wb ~lj iæ{ qf~thkhqfthl gb jf jwkmf qf~f {fjf~ {w iwbdl -hnéd"("[w iligbtl dg cjl~hf* iæ{ nhgb {w iligbtl dg ~gkwqg~f~ gj q~ltfclbh{il dgj vwg kf~gkhû gb

jf q~hig~f K~h{h{* {g df~éf fbtg jf figbfuf dg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig dg dg{t~wh~ gj wbhg~{l -hnéd"("Fbtg gj o~fkf{l dg [wqgifb)> ql~ dh{wfdh~jl* finl{ [wqg~ifb dgkhdgb dgtgbg~ f Q~hig dgwbf gu ql~ tldf{ -hnéd"(" Gj dg{gbjfkg dg jf nftfjjf if~kf gj ohbfj dg K~h{h{ Hbohbhtf"

Jg}gif [gif [gigif


[wqg~ifb)6 ,if{kwjhbhdfd,,wbhol~ihdfd,,q~hif~hl,,dhkkhûb,,fkthl,

,dg{qjfufihgbtl,,jwihbl{hdfd,

,fbtfclbh{tf, [wqg~ifb)6fbtfclbh{tf



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ql~ tfbtl f f q~g{gbtf~ gj ~f{cl ohcw~fthl dg ,fkthl," [h fbfjhufil{ gj dg{f~~ljjl dgjqg~{lbfeg dw~fbtg jl{ ggbtl{ dg K~h{h{* {ljl dg{qwè{ dg jf iwg~tg dg [wqg~nlx x gj ftfvwg fIgt~ûqljh{* [wqg~ifb)6 fdvwhg~g gj ~f{cl dg ,fkthl, x jl ifbthgbg mf{tf gj ohbfj dgj ih{il"G{tg ~f{cl f f tgbg~ iwkmf ~gjfkhûb gb ~gjfkhûb klb gj kjf{gif q~g{gbtg gb gj qg~{lbfeg* {hbginf~cl g{tg {g fbfjhuf~æ iæ{ fdgjfbtg kwfbdl t~ftgil{ jf {hbtf}h{ owbdfigbtfj"

Gb {w kf~æktg~ klil q~ltfclbh{tf* [wqg~ifb)6 f f q~g{gbtf~ gj ~f{cl ,dg{qjfufihgbtl,* jlkwfj fqlxf gj ~f{cl q~ghl ,fkthl," O~gbtg f jl h{tl kwfbdl fbfjhufil{ f [wqg~ifb)> vwg ql~{w ~lj klil fxwdfbtg dg [wqg~ifb)6 x ql~ gbdg owbdfigbtf vwg owg~f dg~~ltfdl kf{hhbigdhftfigbtg* [wqg~ifb)6 f f ~gvwg~h~ wb ifxl~ g{qfkhl dg fkkhûb* jl vwg klbjjgfbgkg{f~hfigbtg ifxl~ dhbfih{il* qf~f qldg~ gbo~gbtf~{g fj hjjfbl" Klil gil{* {g

ofl~gkg f mè~lg dg Bwgf Thg~~f x {g jg qg~ihtg {g~ ohbfjigbtg èj vwhgb tgbcf gj dg~gkml dgklbo~lbtf~ f [wqg~nlx)Q~hig gb ifbl f ifbl* ~gkwqg~fbdl gj q~ltfclbh{il dgj kwfj kf~gkhûgb jf nftfjjf ohbfj dg jf q~hig~f K~h{h{"

Lt~l ~f{cl ohcw~fthl q~g{gbtg gb [wqg~ifb)6 dw~fbtg jf nftfjjf klbt~f [wqg~nlx)Q~hig g{ jf,jwihbl{hdfd,* g{tg {g~æ gj ~f{cl vwg jl{ ~gq~g{gbtf gb jf mh{tl~hf klil gj ‚nwgbl’ fj kf~gkg~

dg {lin~f{ owg~tg{ gb jf ifxl~ qf~tg dgj ~gjftl o~gbtg fj iligbtl dgkh{hl gb gj kwfj[wqg~nlx)Q~hig g{ il{t~fdl klb {lin~f{ ewbtl f {w g}q~g{hûb dg {g~ [wqg~ifb" Fdgiæ{* gj~f{cl ,jwihbl{hdfd, lt~l ofktl~ bl ohcw~fthl vwg bl{ qg~ihtg ~gog~h~bl{ f [wqg~ifb)6 klilgj mè~lg dg jf mh{tl~hf g{ jf klbt~fql{hkhûb gbt~g {w lnegthl x gj dg Q~hig gj kwfj g~gil{ klbifxl~ dgtgbhihgbtl gb gj ildgjl fktfbkhfj"

Ql~ õjthil* dgng ~gif~kf~ vwg f dhog~gbkhf dg [wqg~ifb)> x [wqg~nlx)Q~hig vwg kwgbtfb klbjl{ ~f{cl{ dhog~gbkhfjg{ ,ml~hulbtfjhdfd, x ,g~thkfjhdfd, ~g{qgkthfigbtg* [wqg~ifb)6* ql~ {wqf~tg bl kwgbtf klb wb ~f{cl dg g{tg thql" Gb gj t~fb{kw~{l dgj ~gjftl jl gil{ gb finl{g{tfdl{ hbdh{thbtfigbtg {gcõb klil {g dg{f~~ljjg {w gbo~gbtfihgbtl klb [wqg~nlx)Q~hig" Jf~fuûb g{ {hiqjg* [wqg~nlx)Q~hig g{ gj ftfkfbtg ql~ tfbtl kl~~g{qlbdg f [wqg~ifb)6dgtgbg~jl" Fwbvwg fj ohbfj {gf [wqg~ifb)6 vwhgb ~g{wjtg hktl~hl{l* jl vwg qld~éfil{hdgbthohkf~ klb ,g~thkfjhdfd,* g{tg g{tfdl dw~f qlkl thgiql qwg{ fj ohbfj èj ih{il tg~ihbf gbgj {wgjl dgnhdl f {w g}ql{hkhûb f jf `~xqtlbhtf -jf{ ~lkf{ g~dg{(* {w q~hbkhqfj wjbg~fnhjhdfd"

[wqg~nlx)Q~hig

[wqg~nlx* @fj)Gj* dg Thg~~f)Q~hig* gj iwbdl ~gfj dgbt~l dg iwjthg~{l DK dlbdg jl{ mè~lg{qg~tgbgkgb f jl{ klihk{ -Uhbkl* 68=3f(" Jf mh{tl~hf dgj qg~{lbfeg {g dg{f~~ljjf tfj kwfj* l fjigbl{ gb g{gbkhf* vwg jf klblkhdf ql~ gj ihtl dg l~hcgb dg [wqg~ifb -Ifcchb* 68=7(" [hbginf~cl* gj kmhkl k~gkg {hb tgbg~ hdgf dg {w hdgbthdfd l dg {w{ qldg~g{ qwg{ g{tl{ bl {gifbhohg{tfb {hbl mf{tf {w ewgbtwd -hnéd"(" Gj iligbtl dg dg{kwn~hihgbtl dg jf{ bwgf{mfnhjhdfdg{ {g q~g{gbtf ofl~fnjg qf~f [wqg~nlx klb jf jjgcfdf dg [wqg~ifb)6* gb igdhl dgjdg{f~~ljjl dg jf K~h{h{* x gb klil finl{ {g ~gjfkhlbfb qf~f hb{tfw~f~ jf ql{hnhjhdfd vwg gj kmhkl{g klbh~thg~f gb gj ifxl~ mè~lg dg {w iwbdl -hnéd"("

Gb wbf ifjf qf{fdf dgj dg{thbl* Thg~~f)Q~hig {g~éf wbf dg jf{ tfbtf{ thg~~f{ qf~fjgjf{dg{t~whdf{ gb K~h{h{ gb jf{ Thg~~f{ Hbohbhtf{ -_hd* 68=3n(" Qg{g f jf qè~dhdf dg {w iwbdl* gb gjiligbtl gb vwg thgbg jwcf~ jf nftfjjf ohbfj* [wqg~nlx)Q~hig mfkg jf gjgkkhûb dg vwgdf~{g x



jwkmf~ fj jfdl dg [wqg~ifb)> -hnéd"(" Mf{tf khg~tl qwbtl finl{ {lb {hihjf~g{* mfb qg~dhdl {w{~g{qgkthl{ wbhg~{l{ x klb{hdg~fb vwg g{tf Bwgf Thg~~f bl thgbg bfdf qf~f lo~gkg~jg{" [g~æc~fkhf{ fj {fk~hohkhl dg finl{ vwg jf K~h{h{ kwjihbf x fj hcwfj vwg gb gj kf{l dg [wqg~ifb)>* f[wqg~nlx)Q~hig {g jg qg~ihtg gbt~f~ f wb jhinl gb jf kwfj {g jg{ q~ligtg qfu -hnéd"(" Gj fktlmg~lhkl klb{wifdl x jf ~gkliqgb{f gb {w g}q~g{hûb iæ{ kjæ{hkf"

[hb ginf~cl* {g ~ggjf vwg dw~fbtg {w g{tfbkhf gb gj jhinl [wqg~nlx)Q~hig giqhguf f qg~dg~jf kl~dw~f ql~ kfw{f dg {w o~w{t~fkhûb ql~ jf qè~dhdf dg {w Thg~~f x fvwgjjl{ f vwhgbg{ vwg~éf-Sljoifb* >11?(" Gb g{tg qwbtl gil{ f wb [wqg~nlx fh{jfdl dg jl{ dgiæ{ klb jf õbhkfkliqföéf dg {w{ ~gkwg~dl{ x jf dg{t~wkkhûb hbghtfnjg dgj ih{il -hnéd"(" F{é ih{il* xf qf~fg{tg qwbtl gil{ vwg jl {wkgdhdl gb Bwgf Thg~~f giqhguf f ol~if~ gb jf igbtg dgj kmhkl gjkwg{thlbfihgbtl {h gb g~dfd fjhû jf qgbf {fk~hohkf~{g ql~ wbf iwbdl vwg klb{hdg~f kl~~wqtlx dlbdg jl{ mè~lg{ bl kl~~g{qlbdgb f {w{ q~lqhf{ klbhkkhlbg{ dg jl vwg wb mè~lg dgng {g~-hnéd"(" Ohbfjigbtg* dl{ ofktl~g{ hiqwj{f~éfb jf kfédf ohbfj dgj qg~{lbfeg5 wbl g{ jfhiql{hnhjhdfd vwg gb gj jhinl èj f{wihg~f {w ~lj klil [wqg~ifb0 x gj {gcwbdl* jf iwg~tg dg{w{ qfd~g{ x blhf gb g{tf Thg~~f -hnéd"(" Dgkhdhdl f kfinhf~ gjjl* [wqg~nlx {g fjéf f Fjg}fbdg~Jwtml~ x nfel jf dh~gkkhûb dg g{tg l~vwg{tfb jl{ ggbtl{ vwg kwjihbf~éfb gb K~h{h{ Hbohbhtf

-hnéd"("

Gb gj dg{f~~ljjl dg jf K~h{h{* {g bl{ ~ggjf tldf{ jf{ fkkhlbg{ ~gfjhufdf{ ql~ [wqg~nlx)Q~higg{tæb gbolkfdf{ gb ~gkwqg~f~ Thg~~f)Q~hig x fdvwh~h~ gj ~gklblkhihgbtl klil gj g~dfdg~lmè~lg {hb hiql~tf~jg bfdf iæ{ -Elmb{* >11?(" Tfj x klil jl g}q~g{f gb dgtg~ihbfdl iligbtl*jf cgbtg x {ln~g tldl jl{ mè~lg{ dg Bwgf Thg~~f {lb g~{hlbg{ qè{hif{ dg jl vwg wbf gu owg-hnéd"(" Gb {w ewhkhl* [wqg~nlx)Q~hig mf kl~~liqhdl fvwgjjl vwg ~gq~g{gbtf ‚[wqg~ifb’ gbkwfbtl mè~lg* g{tf kl~~wqkhûb g{ tfj vwg hbkjw{l qwgdg ln{g~f~ {hb hbiwtf~{g kwfbdl wbfkhwdfd g{ dg{t~whdf -hnéd"(" T~f{ g{tg mgkml* [wqg~nlx)Q~hig qf{f gj qwbtl dg bl ~gtl~blkwfbdl gb gj klinftg klbt~f [wqg~nlx x {w{ fjhfdl{ giqhguf f f{g{hbf~ f jl{ mè~lg{ -hnéd"("Jwgcl dg g{tg klinftg x {w q~hig~f dg~~ltf* Q~hig giqhguf {w kfiqföf ql~ ~gkwqg~f~ {w

q~lqhf Thg~~f -hnéd"(" Bwgfigbtg* {w{ qjfbg{ {g~éfb o~w{t~fdl{ x fj ohbfj* klb jl{ mè~lg{lqlbhèbdl{g f èj* Q~hig tlif jf õjthif dgkh{hûb hifchbfnjg* dg{t~wh~ gj wbhg~{l x {g~ gj õbhkl{ln~ghhgbtg -hnéd"(" Fbtg tfj figbfuf* [wqg~ifb)6 x [wqg~ifb)> {g dgkhdh~æb f dgtgbg~jl dgwbf gu ql~ tldf{ -hnéd"(" Gj dg{gbjfkg dg jf nftfjjf if~kf gj ohbfj dg K~h{h{ Hbohbhtf"

Jg}gif [gif [gigif


[wqg~nlx)Q~hig ,if{kwjhbhdfd,,wbhol~ihdfd,,q~hif~hl,,dhkkhûb,

,fkthl,,dg{qjfufihgbtl,,l{kw~hdfd,,g~thkfjhdfd,

,q~ltfclbh{tf, [wqg~nlx)Q~higq~ltfclbh{tf

Fj hcwfj vwg {w{ klbt~fqf~tg{* jl{ ~f{cl{ q~lqhl{ fj klbkgqtl ‚[wqg~ifb’ {hgiq~g g{tæb

q~g{gbtg{ gb gj o~fcigbtl fbfjhufdl" Mfx vwg ~g{fjtf~ vwg fj q~hbkhqhl dg jf mh{tl~hf {gdg{klblkgb jf{ g~dfdg~f{ hbtgbkhlbg{ dg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig f{é klil {w qf~thkhqfkhûb gb jl{ggbtl{ vwg dg{gbkfdgbfb K~h{h{ Hbohbhtf" Gb jf ihtfd dg jf mh{tl~hf* kwfbdl {g dg{kwn~g jfg~dfd t~f{ jf K~h{h{ x gj dg{q~gkhl ql~ Bwgf Thg~~f* [wqg~nlx)Q~hig {g klbhg~tg gb wbq~ltfclbh{tf {hgbdl {w{ ~f{cl{ ohcw~fthl{ q~hbkhqfjg{ ,fkthl, x ,dg{qjfufihgbtl," G{tf

kf~fktg~é{thkf jf ifbtgbd~æ mf{tf gj ohbfj dgj ~gjftl x iæ{ ghdgbtg gb gj o~fcigbtl{gjgkkhlbfdl gb gj kwfj kliqf~tg gj ih{il ~f{cl ewbtl f [wqg~ifb)6" Klil gb gj kf{l dg g{tg



õjthil* finl{ ~f{cl{ thgbgb vwg g~ klb jf owbkhûb dg kfdf wbl gb gj dg{f~~ljjl dgj ~gjftl* vwggb g{tg kf{l {g hdgbthohkf gb jl{ kjf{gif{ x vwg t~ftf~gil{ gb {hbtf}h{"

Xf gb kf{l dg [wqg~ifb)6 bl mgil{ ~gog~hdl fj ~f{cl dg ,jwihbl{hdfd, x klil g{tg cwf~df~gjfkhûb klb hdgbthohkf~ fj qg~{lbfeg klil gj mè~lg dgj o~fcigbtl" Ql~ {w qf~tg* [wqg~nlx)Q~hig q~g{gbtf gj ~f{cl ,l{kw~hdfd, gb wb iligbtl dgtg~ihbfdl gb gj kwfj* f qg~kgqkhûb

q~lqhf* klb{hdg~l vwg ~gq~g{gbtf jf h{hûb dgj qg~{lbfeg klil wb {g~ ifjhcbl" G{tf~gq~g{gbtfkhûb {g~æ iæ{ ghdgbtg {h tlifil{ gb kwgbtf vwg Q~hig g{tæ fml~kfbdl f[wqg~ifb)6 ihgbt~f{ q~lbwbkhf vwg klb jf iwg~tg dg g{tg õjthil* èj {g~æ [wqg~ifb" Gj õjthil~f{cl bl ohcw~fthl gb gj ~gjftl vwg bl{ qg~ihtg hdgbthohkf~ f Q~hig klil gj hjjfbl g{tæ gbowbkhûb dg {w fkkhûb hljgbtf ql~ jf kwfj q~gtgbdg fjkfbuf~ {w lnegthl" Fj g{tf~ dh{qwg{tl fiftf~* Q~hig ~liqg klb tldl fvwgjjl vwg ~gq~g{gbtf ‚[wqg~ifb’"

Fqf~tg dg jf ohcw~f ,l{kw~hdfd,* [wqg~nlx)Q~hig kwgbtf klb jf ,g~thkfjhdfd, klil ofktl~dhog~gbkhfj o~gbtg f jl{ dgiæ{ x vwg f fkl~dg f {w kjf{gif" Èj g{ gj qg~{lbfeg vwg jwkmf qf~fklb{gcwh~ jl vwg vwhg~g" O~gbtg f [wqg~ifb)6 vwg bl kwgbtf klb wb bõkjgl {èihkl dgj thql,ml~hulbtfjhdfd,),g~thkfjhdfd, l [wqg~ifb)> vwg kwgbtf klb ,ml~hulbtfjhdfd,* [wqg~nlx)

Q~hig g{ gj thql vwg f f cwhf~ jf fkkhûb dw~fbtg jf nftfjjf" [h èj ftfkf* jl{ lt~l{ dgng~æbf~~gcjæ~{gjf{ qf~f dgogbdg~{g x klbt~fftfkf~" G{ gj kjæ{hkl g{vwgif dg jf jwkmf gbt~g mè~lg xhjjfbl* dlbdg gj mè~lg* [wqg~ifb)6* dgng dgtgbg~ fj hjjfbl* [wqg~nlx)Q~hig* dg jlc~f~ {wlnegthl* {g~ ‚[wqg~ifb’* ql~ gj nhgb dg tldl{"

[hbtf}h{ Owbdfigbtfj

Gj {gcwbdl qjfbl* {hbtf}h{* kl~~g{qlbdg f jf{ ~gjfkhlbg{ vwg {g g{tfnjgkgb gb jl{ {gif{gbklbt~fdl{ gb jf {giæbthkf x c~fohkfdl{ gb gj kwfd~fdl {gihûthkl -Njfbkl x Nwgbl* 68=8("

Gj kwfd~fdl {gihûthkl {g ol~if dg jf f~thkwjfkhûb dg dl{ ~gjfkhlbg{* klbt~f~ghdfd xklbt~fdhkkhûb" Jf klbt~f~ghdfd {wqlbg gbtgbdg~ wb {gif -[6( ql~ jf ~gjfkhûb vwg hiqjhkf {wlqwg{tl -[>( gb wb ih{il geg kftgcl~hfj" Klbt~fdhkkhûb {g nf{f gb jf lql{hkhûb dg wb {gif -[ 6(x {w bgcfkhûb -˚[6(" G{tf f~thkwjfkhûb cgbg~f jf tg~kg~f ~gjfkhûb* jf hiqjhkfkhûb gj kwfj hbohg~gvwg wb {gif -[6( qwgdg g{tf~ hiqjékhtl gb jf bgcfkhûb dg {w lqwg{tl -˚[>(" Tgbgil{* gbtlbkg{*dl{ ~gjfkhlbg{ dg klbt~f~ghdfd* -[6 x [>( x -˚[6 x ˚[>(* dl{ dg klbt~fdhkkhûb* -[6 x ˚[6( x -[> x ˚[>(*x dl{ dg hiqjhkfkhûb -[6 x ˚[>( x -[> x ˚[6( -hnéd"("

Tligil{ gj kf{l dg wb {gif vwg {gf kliqf~thdl ql~ jl{ t~g{ qg~{lbfeg{ dgj fbæjh{h{ qf~fgbtgbdg~ jl g}qwg{tl" [gf gj {gif ,if{kwjhbhdfd,5

Ql~ klbt~f~ghdfd* ,if{kwjhbhdfd, {g gbthgbdg ql~ {w ~gjfkhûb klb gj {gif ,ogihbhdfd,* finl{g{tæb gb gj gb gj ih{il geg* jf {g}wfjhdfd* ql~ tfbtl gbtgbdgil{ wbl gb owbkhûb dgj lt~l"

Ql~ klbt~fdhkkhûb* jf bgcfkhûb dg ,if{kwjhbhdfd, g{ jf ,bl)if{kwjhbhdfd, l ˚,if{kwjhbhdfd,*gbthèbdf{g vwg ˚,if{kwjhbhdfd, bl g{ jl ih{il vwg ,ogihbhdfd,"

[hb ginf~cl* ql~ hiqjhkfkhûb* qldgil{ {wqlbg~ vwg ,ogihbhdfd, qwgdg g{tf~ hiqjékhtl gb˚,if{kwjhbhdfd,0 dg hcwfj ol~if* ,if{kwjhbhdfd, qwgdg g{tf~ hiqjékhtl gb ˚,ogihbhdfd,"

Hcwfj dg{f~~ljjl qwgdg ~gfjhuf~{g klb kfdf wbl dg jl{ {gif{ hdgbthohkfdl{ gb jf qf~tg dg{giæbthkf" Bl lx f dg{f~~ljjf~ kfdf wbl ql~ {gqf~fdl ql~ kwg{thûb dg thgiql* f{wihil{ vwg

xf g{tæb ~gfjhufdl{ x jh{tl qf~f l~cfbhuf~{g gb gj kwfd~fdl {gihûthkl" _h{tl gb {w ol~ifg{t~wktw~fj tgbgil{5



[wqg~ifb)6 [wqg~ifb)> ,dhkkhûb, ,tf~tfiwdgu,,dg{qjfufihgbtl, ,ilhjhdfd,,fkthl, ,qf{hl,,q~hif~hl, ,{gkwbdf~hl,

,wbhol~ihdfd, ,dh{qf~hdfd,,jwihbl{hdfd, ,l{kw~hdfd,,if{kwjhbhdfd, ,ogihbhdfd,,fbtfclbh{tf, ,q~ltfclbh{tf,

˚,q~ltfclbh{tf, ˚,fbtfclbh{tf,˚,ogihbhdfd, ˚,if{kwjhbhdfd,˚,l{kw~hdfd, ˚,jwihbl{hdfd, ˚,dh{qf~hdfd, ˚,wbhol~ihdfd,˚,{gkwbdf~hl, ˚,q~hif~hl,

˚,qf{hl, ˚,fkthl, ˚,ilhjhdfd, ˚,dg{qjfufihgbtl, ˚,tf~tfiwdgu, ˚,dhkkhûb,

,dhkkhûb, ,tf~tfiwdgu,,ml~hulbtfjhdfd, ,g~thkfjhdfd,,ilhjhdfd, ,dg{qjfufihgbtl,,qf{hl, ,fkthl,

,q~hif~hl, ,{gkwbdf~hl,,wbhol~ihdfd, ,dh{qf~hdfd,,jwihbl{hdfd, ,l{kw~hdfd,,if{kwjhbhdfd, ,ogihbhdfd,,{gkwfu, ,fxwdfbtg,

˚,fxwdfbtg, ˚,{gkwfu, ˚,ogihbhdfd, ˚,if{kwjhbhdfd, ˚,l{kw~hdfd, ˚,jwihbl{hdfd, ˚,dh{qf~hdfd, ˚,wbhol~ihdfd,

˚,{gkwbdf~hl, ˚,q~hif~hl, ˚,fkthl, ˚,qf{hl, ˚,dg{qjfufihgbtl, ˚,ilhjhdfd, ˚,g~thkfjhdfd, ˚,ilhjhdfd, ˚,tf~tfiwdgu, ˚,dhkkhûb,

Klil xf mfnéfil{ fdgjfbtfdl q~ghfigbtg kwfbdl fbfjhufil{ f [wqg~ifb)>* jl{ kjf{gif{fil{ f t~ftf~jl{ f klbthbwfkhûb ql~ wbf kwg{thûb dg h{wfjhufkhûb gb klbewbtl klb jf dgh}h{"Jl{ kjf{gif{ q~lkgdgb dgj klbewbtl dg lqg~fkhlbg{ dg kjf{hohkfkhûb q~lgbhgbtg{ dgj q~lqhldh{kw~{l* bl{ dfb wbf h{hûb dg klbtg}tl gb vwg {g ~gq~g{gbtf wb jg}gif g hdgbthohkf~ jftltfjhdfd dg {gif{ bwkjgf~g{ qg~thbgbtg{ gb gj ih{il -hnéd"(" Gbtlbkg{* gj jg}gif ‚[wqg~ifb)

>’* ql~ qlbg~ wb gegiqjl* {g dgng~æ hdgbthohkf~ {gcõb gj klbtg}tl dgj dh{kw~{l {h {g t~ftf dg wbkjf{gif dgj thql ,q~ltfclbh{tf,* ,fbtfclbh{tf,* ,fxwdfbtg, w ,{gkwfu,* dgqgbdhgbdl dgj thqldg kjf{gif giqjgfdl gj jg}gif q~g{gbtf~f dhog~gbkhf{ x {hihjhtwdg{ ~g{qgktl f jl{ lt~l{ -hnéd"("Gb g{tg kf{l* f [wqg~ifb)> jg kl~~g{qlbdg gj kjf{gif ,{gkwfu, x f [wqg~ifb)6 ,fbtfclbh{tf,"

Jf ~gjfkhûb dg hiqjhkfkhûb* tfinhèb jjfifdl dgh}h hdgbthohkf kûil gj ~gjftl gwol~huf l dh{ol~hufgj {wegtl)lnegtl dgj fbæjh{h{ gb gj kwfd~fdl {gihûthkl -hnéd"(" F{é qwg{* jf dgh}h 6 wnhkfdf f jfhuvwhg~df ~gq~g{gbtf jl fkgqtfdl gb gj ~gjftl* ihgbt~f{ vwg jf dgh}h > wnhkfdl f jf dg~gkmf~gq~g{gbtf fvwgjjl vwg g{ ~gkmfufdl -hnéd"(" Tfbtl gj kf{l dg [wqg~ifb)6 klil gj dg[wqg~ifb)>* finl{ {lb ~gq~g{gbtfdl{ gb dgh}h ql{hthf gb gj ~gjftl" Qwgdg ~g{wjtf~ g}t~fölqwg{ {w{ kjf{gif{ ,fbtfclbh{tf, x ,{gkwfu, thgbdgb f f{lkhf~{g f jf ohcw~f dgj hjjfbl x {w

fxwdfbtg" [hb ginf~cl* fbtfclbh{tf bl g{ {hbûbhil dg hjjfbl* gj fbtfclbh{tf g{ fvwgj ~lj vwggb wb ~gjftl {g lqlbg f vwg gj q~ltfclbh{tf lntgbcf {w lnegthl" Qgb{gil{ gb gj ~gjftl kjæ{hkldg jf Cwg~~f dg T~lxf* jl{ q~ltfclbh{tf{ {lb jl{ fvwgl{ vwhgbg{ vwhg~gb f~~f{f~ x tlif~ql{g{hûb dg T~lxf* Fvwhjg{ {g~æ jf qg~{lbhohkfkhûb dgj dg{gl fvwgl" Ql~ {w qf~tg* jl{ t~lxfbl{vwhg~gb ghtf~ vwg jl{ fvwgl{ kwiqjfb {w lnegthl* Mèktl~ {g~æ {w ~gq~g{gbtfbtg" Mlig~lgwol~huf dh{thbtf{ kf~fktg~é{thkf{ dg finl{ cwg~~g~l{* bl {g qwgdg mfnjf~ dg hjjfbl finl{ {lbmè~lg{" Jf nftfjjf gbt~g Fvwhjg{ x Mèktl~ f jf{ qwg~tf{ dg T~lxf qwgdg {g~ h{tf klil jf~gq~g{gbtfkhûb kjf~f dg q~ltfclbh{tf)fbtfclbh{tf" Gj nhgb x gj ifj bl thgbgb bfdf vwg g~ klbjl{ ~ljg{ vwg finl{ kwiqjgb"

Hcwfj {g~æ gj kf{l dg [wqg~ifb)6 x [wqg~ifb)>* finl{ thgbgb klil igtf hiqgdh~ vwg[wqg~nlx)Q~hig lntgbcf jl vwg vwhg~g" Xf mgil{ hdgbthohkfdl q~ghfigbtg vwg gb klbt~f{tgklb [wqg~nlx)Q~hig* [wqg~ifb)6 x [wqg~ifb)> {lb jl{ mè~lg{ dg jf mh{tl~hf" Ql~ õjthil* {hln{g~fil{ gj dg{f~~ljjl dgj o~fcigbtl* jl{ t~g{ qg~{lbfeg{ {g ifbthgbgb g{tæthkl{ gb ~gjfkhûb



fj ~gkl~~hdl cgbg~fthl" [w{ ~ljg{ g{tæb qjgbfigbtg g{tfnjgkhdl{ x {hgiq~g {g iwggb gb nf{gf jf g{t~wktw~f xf qjfbtgfdf* jf hdgbthohkfkhûb mè~lg)hjjfbl vwgdf f{é dg ildl jhbgfj"

[wqg~nlx)Q~hig

,tf~tfiwdgu, ,dhkkhûb,,ml~hulbtfjhdfd, ,g~thkfjhdfd,,ilhjhdfd, ,dg{qjfufihgbtl,,qf{hl, ,fkthl,,{gkwbdf~hl, ,q~hif~hl,,dh{qf~hdfd, ,wbhol~ihdfd,,jwihbl{hdfd, ,l{kw~hdfd,,ogihbhdfd, ,if{kwjhbhdfd,,fbtfclbh{tf, ,q~ltfclbh{tf,

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Klil xf mgil{ hdgbthohkfdl gb jf qf~tg {giæbthkf* g}h{tgb {gh{ fktfbtg{* fc~wqfdl{ gbqf~gef{* hbtg~hgbgb gb gj dg{f~~ljjl dgj dh{kw~{l" Dg g{tl{* jf qf~gef {wegtl)lnegtl g{hbdh{qgb{fnjg qf~f vwg g}h{tf gj ~gjftl" Gbtlbkg{ wbf owbkhûb -O( f f g}q~g{f~ jf ~gjfkhûb gbt~g{wegtl x lnegtl0 {hb ginf~cl gb gj kf{l dgj {wegtl -[( x gj lnegtl -L( mfx vwg ql{twjf~ wbfl~hgbtfkhûb vwg fxf dgj {wegtl fj lnegtl" Vwgdf g{tfnjgkhdl gb jf {hcwhgbtg ol~if5 O-[* L(" Gbnf{g f g{tf g{t~wktw~f* jf ~gjfkhûb gbt~g {wegtl x lnegtl f f df~{g gb nf{g f dl{ thql{ dgowbkhlbg{5 jf owbkhûb)ewbkhûb -ql{hthf jjfifdf klbewbkhûb ‚ΐ’ l bgcfthf jjfifdf dh{ewbkhûb‚_’( x jf owbkhûb)t~fb{ol~ifkhûb -M(" G{tf wbhdfd dg nf{g g{ jjfifdf Q~lc~fif Bf~~fthl-hnéd"("

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_gfil{ fml~f jl klbkg~bhgbtg f jf ifbhqwjfkhûb* qf~f t~fnfef~ klb g{tg tè~ihbl g{ bgkg{f~hldgef~ dg jfdl tldf klbbltfkhûb q{hkljûchkf)il~fj bgcfthf vwg kliõbigbtg {g f{lkhf f dhkmltè~ihbl" Jf ifbhqwjfkhûb dg{hcbf* {gbkhjjfigbtg* jf ~gjfkhûb gbt~g dl{ {wegtl{ dhog~gbtg{* wb{wegtl ifbhqwjfdl~ -[6( vwg mfkg dg tfj ifbg~f -M6( vwg gj {wegtl ifbhqwjfdl -[>( ~gfjhuf-M>( jf klbewbkhûb -ΐ( l dh{ewbkhûb -_( gbt~g wb {wegtl dg g{tfdl -[;( x wb lnegtl dg dg{gl -L("Fj hcwfj vwg gb gj kf{l dg jf qg~ol~ifbkg* jl{ ~ljg{ dg [> x [; qwgdgb {g~ f{wihdl{ ql~ wb {ljlx ih{il fktl~" Jf ifbhqwjfkhûb {g qwgdg df~ gb dl{ dhigb{hlbg{* jf q~fciæthkf x jfklcbl{khthf0 f {w gu è{tf{ qwgdgb {g~ dg kf~æktg~ ql{hthl x bgcfthl" Wbf ifbhqwjfkhûbq~fciæthkf g{ ql{hthf {h gj ifbhqwjfdl~ jg q~lqlbg fj ifbhqwjfdl wb lnegtl dg fjl~ dfdl* {g

lntgbd~æ f{é jf tgbtfkhûb" Ql~ gj lt~l jfdl* wbf ifbhqwjfkhûb q~fciæthkf g{ bgcfthf {h gjifbhqwjfdl~ figbfuf klb ~gth~f~jg l vwhtf~jg tfj l kwfj lnegtl dg fjl~ fj ifbhqwjfdl* {gtgbd~æ ql~ tfbtl jf hbthihdfkhûb" Jf lt~f ql{hnhjhdfd* wbf ifbhqwjfkhûb klcbl{khthf g{ ql{hthf{h gj ifbhqwjfdl~ q~g{gbtf wbf kliqgtgbkhf dgj ifbhqwjfdl nfel wb f{qgktl ql{hthl* gb kwxlkf{l {g mfnjf dg {gdwkkhûb" Ql~ gj lt~l jfdl* wbf ifbhqwjfkhûb klcbl{khthf g{ bgcfthf {h gjifbhqwjfdl~ q~g{gbtf fj ifbhqwjfdl wbf hifcgb bgcfthf dg {w kliqgtgbkhf* jl dgbhc~f fjqwbtl vwg è{tg tgbd~æ vwg ~gfkkhlbf~ qf~f lo~gkg~ wbf hifcgb ql{hthf dg {é ih{il* gb g{tgkf{l {g mfnjf~æ dg q~llkfkhûb -hnéd"("

Gb gj o~fcigbtl* tgbgil{ wb kf{l dg ifbhqwjfkhûb klcbl{khthf bgcfthf -q~llkfkhûb( gb jfkwfj gj {wegtl ifbhqwjfdl~ g{ [wqg~ifb)6 x gj {wegtl ifbhqwjfdl g{ [wqg~nlx)Q~hig" Gb g{tf

qf~tg dgj dh{kw~{l* [wqg~nlx)Q~hig df f gbtgbdg~ vwg {w{ fkkhlbg{ g{tæb ew{thohkfdf{ fj {g~ èjwb {fjfdl~ dh{qwg{tl f gbigbdf~ gj dföl dg jf klbthbwhdfd ql{t)K~h{h{ fwbvwg qf~f gjjl dgnf~gkw~~h~ fj f{g{hbftl" [wqg~ifb)6 k~hthkf g{tf ew{thohkfkhûb fj dgkh~ vwg jl õbhkl vwg [wqg~nlx)



Q~hig vwhg~g g{ {gbth~{g g{qgkhfj* jl vwg [wqg~ifb)6 nw{kf g{ mfkg~ ~gfkkhlbf~ f Q~hig {ln~gjf{ fkkhlbg{ vwg g{tæ tlifbdl x kûil è{tf{ fb gb klbt~f dg tldl jl vwg ~gq~g{gbtf {g~‚[wqg~ifb’" Ohbfjigbtg* fj ~gfjhuf~ jf k~éthkf* [wqg~ifb)6 kljlkf f [wqg~nlx)Q~hig gb wbf{htwfkhûb dg dh{ewbkhûb ~g{qgktl f {w lnegtl dg dg{gl* {g~ g{qgkhfj"

M39 [6↞ -[> _ L4() M39 [wqg~ifb)6 k~hthkf jf fkthtwd dg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig dg vwg~g~ iftf~ f tldl{ {ljl qf~f {g~g{qgkhfj[69 [wqg~ifb)6[>9 [wqg~nlx)Q~higL49 {g~ g{qgkhfj

Ifbhqwjfkhûb x {fbkhûb q~g{wqlbgb wb klbt~ftl5 dg{dg gj qwbtl dg h{tf dgj dg{thbftf~hl){wegtl* gj klbt~ftl g{ q~lqwg{tl* g hbkjw{l hiqwg{tl* ql~ gj dg{thbfdl~ ifbhqwjfdl~* x jfg~hohkfkhûb dg {w gegkwkhûb g{ gogktwfdf ql~ gj dg{thbfdl~ ewdhkfdl~ gb gj if~kl dg jf {fbkhûb"Fc~gcwgil{ ql~ õjthil vwg* {h gj klbt~ftl giqjgf f jl{ dl{ fktfbtg{ dg{thbfdl~ x dg{thbftf~hl*

q~g{wqlbg tfinhèb wb lnegtl* g{tl g{* wb {h{tgif dg fjl~g{ jjfifdl tfinhèb {h{tgiff}hljûchkl* owg~f dgj kwfj bl qld~éf ew{thohkf~{g bh jf {fbkhûb bh* hbkjw{l* jf ifbhqwjfkhûb -hnéd"("Xf mgil{ hdgbthohkfdl fj [wqg~ifb)6 klil gj ifbhqwjfdl~* ql~ tfbtl klil g~gil{ tfinhèbkwiqjh~æ klb gj ~lj dg ewdhkfdl~ dg jf qg~ol~ifbkg dg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig" Gb kwfbtl fj {h{tgiff}hljûchkl* è{tg g{ hiqjékhtl gb gj dh{kw~{l klil gj {h{tgif dg fjl~g{ ~gjfkhlbfdl{ fj klbkgqtl‚[wqg~ifb’"

Gj tg~kg~ x õjthil gjgigbtl dgj g{vwgif bf~~fthl kfbûbhkl g{ jf {fbkhûb* è{tf {g q~g{gbtf dgdl{ ifbg~f{ ~g{qgktl f jf{ dl{ dhigb{hlbg{ q~fciæthkf x klcbl{khthf" Tgbgil{ gb q~hig~jwcf~ jf q~fciæthkf* vwg thgbg vwg g~ klb gj mfkg~ dgj {wegtl vwg mf ~gfjhufdl jf qg~ol~ifbkg"Gj dg{thbfdl~ ewdhkfdl~ gihtg wb ewhkhl gqh{tèihkl {ln~g jf klbol~ihdfd l bl klbol~ihdfd dg

jf qg~ol~ifbkg gb ~gjfkhûb klb jl{ dftl{ dgj klbt~ftl q~ghl" Jl vwg g{tæ gb ewgcl gb gjklbt~ftl vwg ~gõbg fj dg{thbfdl~ klb gj dg{thbftf~hl g{ gj {h{tgif f}hljûchkl dgtg~ihbfdl dgol~if hiqjékhtf l g}qjékhtf gb gj dh{kw~{l dfdl" Gj dg{thbftf~hl {wegtl ~gkhng dgj dg{thbfdl~*{gcõb vwg jf ~gfjhufkhûb g{tè klbol~ig l bl f jf f}hljlcéf* jf ~gkliqgb{f l kf{thcl -hnéd"("

Gb gj o~fcigbtl* [wqg~ifb)6 g{ vwhgb gihtg gj ewhkhl q~fciæthkl bgcfthl {ln~g jfqg~ol~ifbkg dg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig gb nf{g fj {h{tgif f}hljûchkl q~ghfigbtg g{tfnjgkhdl dgol~if hiqjékhtf* jl vwg {hcbhohkf {g~ ‚[wqg~ifb’" Gb nf{g f gjjl* gj ewhkhl gihthdl ql~

[wqg~ifb)6 g{ kjf~l fj ~g{qgktl* [wqg~nlx)Q~hig mf ~ltl klb tldl fvwgjjl vwg g{ ‚[wqg~ifb’

ql~ tfbtl gj kf{thcl ~gkhnhdl g{ bgcf~ jf hdgbthdfd f jf kwfj Q~hig f{qh~f" Gb {w {gbthdlq~fciæthkl* gj kf{thcl g{ ~gq~g{gbtfdl kwfbdl [wqg~ifb)6 jg f~~fbkf gj {éinljl dg jf ‚[’ dgj

wbhol~ig dg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig"

M669 [6↞ -[> _ L3() M669 [wqg~ifb)6 jg f~~fbkf gj {éinljl dg jf ‚[’ dgj wbhol~ig f [wqg~nlx)Q~hig[69 [wqg~ifb)6[>9 [wqg~nlx)Q~higL39 {éinljl dg jf ‚[’

Jf {gcwbdf ol~if gb vwg {g q~g{gbtf jf {fbkhûb g{ jf jjfifdf klcbl{khthf* è{tf {g gbkf~cf dgj{g~ dgj {wegtl vwg mf ~gfjhufdl jf qg~ol~ifbkg" Kl~~g{qlbdg fj dg{thbfdl~ ewdhkfdl~ gihth~ wb

ewhkhl gqh{tèihkl {ln~g jf ‚~gfjhdfd’ dg jf q~wgnf dgkh{hf ~gfjhufdf ql~ gj dg{thbftf~hl {wegtl*

{ln~g jf g~fkhdfd l ofj{gdfd dg {w{ mfuföf{ -hnéd"(" Mfx vwg fc~gcf~ vwg jf {fbkhûb q~fciæthkfq~g{wqlbg jf {fbkhûb klcbl{khthf" Gb gj o~fcigbtl* mgil{ dgjhihtfdl jf {fbkhûb q~fciæthkf*gb nf{g f gjjf qldgil{ q~g{wqlbg~ jf klcbl{khthf klil gj iligbtl gb gj kwfj [wqg~ifb)6



f{gcw~f vwg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig efiæ{ {g~æ ‚[wqg~ifb’" Gb gj kf{l dg g{tg o~fcigbtl kfng

~g{fjtf~ vwg finf{ {fbkhlbg{ lkw~~gb gb {hiwjtæbgl -g~ fbg}l{* högtf 6* qq">4("

M619 [6↞ -[> _ L?() M619 [wqg~ifb)6 {g dgohgbdg x foh~if vwg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig efiæ{ {g~æ ‚[wqg~ifb’

[69 [wqg~ifb)6[>9 [wqg~nlx)Q~higL?9 ‚[wqg~ifb’

Fml~f vwg mgil{ t~ftfdl kfdf gjgigbtl ql~ {gqf~fdl f~thkwjgil{ tldl{ gb gj g{vwgifbf~~fthl kfbûbhkl q~g{gbtfdl f klbthbwfkhûb5



Ifbhqwjfkhûb Fkkhûb [fbkhûb

Kliqgtgbkhf Qg~ol~ifbkg

M39 [6↞ -[> _ L4(y M39 [wqg~ifb)6 k~hthkf jf fkthtwd dg[wqg~nlx)Q~hig dg vwg~g~ iftf~ ftldl{ {ljl qf~f {g~ g{qgkhfj[69 [wqg~ifb)6[>9 [wqg~nlx)Q~higL49 {g~ g{qgkhfj

Ifbhqwjfkhûb klcbl{khthf bgcfthfQ~llkfkhûb

q˚m qm ˚{m {˚m ˚dm d˚m

vm v˚m

˚v˚m ˚vm ˚d˚m dm ˚{˚m {m˚qm ˚q˚m

M=9 [>↞ -[> ΐ L7(y

M=9 [wqg~nlx)Q~hig ftfkf f[wqg~ifb)6[>9 [wqg~nlx)Q~higL79 _hljgbkhf

-Fq~lqhfkhûb(

M619 [6↞ -[> _ L?(yM619 [wqg~ifb)6 {g dgohgbdg xfoh~if vwg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig efiæ{ {g~æ‚[wqg~ifb’ [69 [wqg~ifb)6[>9 [wqg~nlx)Q~higL?9 ‚[wqg~ifb’

[fbkhûb klcbl{khthf^gklblkhihgbtl bgcfthl -ofj{l(

M669 [6↞ -[> _ L3(yM669 [wqg~ifb)6 jg f~~fbkf gj{éinljl dg jf ‚[’ dgj wbhol~ig f

[wqg~nlx)Q~hig[69 [wqg~ifb)6[>9 [wqg~nlx)Q~higL39 {éinljl dg jf ‚[’

[fbkhûb q~fciæthkf^gt~hnwkhûb bgcfthf -kf{thcl(

Ln{g~fbdl gj g{vwgif kliqjgtl* gil{ vwg jf {gkwgbkhf dgj ~gjftl {hcwg jf {hcwhgbtg g{t~wktw~f5 Q~llkfkhûb ‛ Fq~lqhfkhûb ‛ ^gklblkhihgbtl bgcfthl ‛

^gt~hnwkhûb bgcfthf"

Gj dh{kw~{l kgbt~fj g{tæ kliqwg{tl dg dh{ewbkhlbg{ mfkhf [wqg~nlx)Q~hig ql~ qf~tg dg [wqg~ifb)6 vwhgb g{ f jf gu ifbhqwjfdl~ x ewdhkfdl~ dg jfqg~ol~ifbkg dg Q~hig" G{tg g{vwgif dg nõ{vwgdf ~g{fjtf gj f{qgktl dg jf bgcfkhûb dg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig gb {w f{qh~fkhûb ql~ klbg~th~{g gb ‚[wqg~ifb’"

Tldl gjjl fkl~dg f jl vwg mgil{ hdgbthohkfdl q~ghfigbtg gb jf {giæbthkf bf~~fthf -gj ~lj fktfbkhfj dgj {wegtl dg dg{gl( x jf {hbtf}h{ owbdfigbtfj-hdgbthohkfdl gb dgh}h bgcfthf("



[h fbfjhufil{ jf ~gjfkhûb gbt~g [wqg~nlx)Q~hig x [wqg~ifb)6 t~f{ K~h{h{ gb jf{ Thg~~f{ Hbohbhtf{*qldgil{ gbklbt~f~ vwg finl{ q~g{gbtfb {hihjhtwdg{ gb {w ql{hkhûb klb gj klbkgqtl‚[wqg~ifb’" [wqg~nlx)Q~hig g{ gj f{qh~fbtg f tlif~ gj qwg{tl dg ‚[wqg~ifb’* klil mgil{

h{tl {w mh{tl~hf mf {hdl ol~efdf ql~ jf klb{tfbtg bgcfkhûb dg {w qf{l dgj kmhkl fj mlin~g x fjmè~lg vwg dgnhû {g~ ql~ kfw{f dg jf K~h{h{" Ql~ {w qf~tg* [wqg~ifb)6 t~f{ jf K~h{h{ {g mf h{tl gb

wb g{tfdl dg klb{tfbtg kfinhl* dg{dg {w{ l~écgbg{ mf{tf {w{ qldg~g{* {w iwg~tg if~kf jfo~fktw~fkhûb dgj ihtl {õqg~ mg~lhkl gb jf kwfj jl{ mè~lg{ kfgb gb klinftg l {lb kl~~liqhdl{"Fml~f gb gj klbtg}tl dg K~h{h{ Hbohbhtf finl{ dgngb gbo~gbtf~{g qf~f fjkfbuf~ wb lnegthl{hihjf~* qf~f [wqg~nlx)Q~hig fjkfbuf~ {w ~lj klil ‚[wqg~ifb’0 x qf~f [wqg~ifb)6 jgchthihuf~{w ql{hkhûb klil ‚[wqg~ifb’ fj dg~~ltf~ f wbf g~{hûb ifjhcbf x kf~gbtg dg il~fjhdfd dg {é

ih{il"

[wqg~nlx)Q~hig klil q~ltfclbh{tf dgj ~gjftl g{ vwhgb jjgf gj dg{f~~ljjl dg jf mh{tl~hf" G{gbtlbkg{* jf q~lqhf fkkhûb dg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig jl vwg jl jjgf f o~fkf{f~ gb {w nõ{vwgdf dg {wlnegtl dg dg{gl* èj ~gfjhuf jf fkkhûb qf~f ofl~gkg~{g f {é ih{il x g{tf~ iæ{ kg~kf dg lntgbg~{w lnegtl dg dg{gl" [hb ginf~cl* {w fkkhûb thgbg klbbltfkhûb bgcfthf* Q~hig g{tæ dh{qwg{tl f

f{g{hbf~ f [wqg~ifb)6 klb tfj dg tlif~ {w jwcf~" Klil xf hil{* gj {h{tgif f}hljûchklhiqjékhtl g{tfnjgkg vwg ‚[wqg~ifb’ kwgbtf klb wb kûdhcl il~fj vwg jg hiqhdg iftf~" Fj

~gkw~~h~ fj f{g{hbftl* Q~hig ~liqg gj kûdhcl dg bl iftf~* tldl jl vwg hiqjhkf {g~ ‚[wqg~ifb’

tg~ihbf kl~~liqhdl ql~ jf ln{g{hûb dg Q~hig dg fjkfbuf~ {w lnegtl dg dg{gl {hb hiql~tf~bfdf" Gj ewhkhl dg [wqg~ifb)6 gb jf {fbkhûb vwgdf ew{thohkfdl"

Ql~ gj klbt~f~hl* klil lql{htl~ q~hbkhqfj* [wqg~ifb)6 jlc~f jgchthihuf~ {w qwg{tl klil‚[wqg~ifb’* dg~~ltf fj f{qh~fbtg qlbhgbdl ohb f jf K~h{h{" Gj mè~lg {g gbo~gbtf f wb gbgihcl*bl {ljl gb hcwfj dg qldg~ vwg èj {hbl vwg g{ {w bgcfkhûb tltfj* x ~g{wjtf hktl~hl{l" Gj ihtl dgjmg~lé{il ildg~bl dg [wqg~ifb {g klb{t~wxg fj gbkg~ f fvwgj vwg figbfuf w{w~qf~ {w jwcf~x dg{t~wh~ tldl jl vwg ~gq~g{gbtf"

4" BH_GJ DH[KW^[H_L

[giæbthkf dh{kw~{hvf

Jf {giæbthkf dh{kw~{hf thgbg {w olkl dg g{twdhl gb jf ~gjfkhûb {hbcbhohkfbtg,{hcbhohkfdl -lg}q~g{hûb,klbtgbhdl(* vwg gb jhbcúé{thkf {lb jjfifdl{ ‚{h{tgif{ dg ~gq~g{gbtfkhûb’ -jgbcwfeg(

x gj ~gog~gbtg dgj ih{il -~gfjhdfd(" [g~æ g{tf ~gjfkhûb gbt~g finl{ bhgjg{ dgj jl vwg bl{qg~ihtg g{tfnjgkg~ jf{ kftgcl~éf{ {giæbthkf{ ohcw~fthf{ x tgiæthkf{ f fbfjhuf~ f klbthbwfkhûb-Klw~tè{* 6883("

Giqgkgil{ ql~ gj q~hig~l dg gjjl{ ~g{qgkthfigbtg* jl ohcw~fthl g{ tldl {hcbhohkfdl* g{ dgkh~tldl {h{tgif dg ~gq~g{gbtfkhûb h{wfj klbtgbhdl gb wbf jgbcwf bftw~fj fj vwg kl~~g{qlbdg wbgjgigbtl gb gj qjfbl dgj {hcbhohkfbtg" Gbtlbkg{ jl ohcw~fthl gb wb dh{kw~{l* g~nfj l bl g~nfj*g{ tldl jl vwg qwgdg g{tf~ dh~gktfigbtg ~gjfkhlbfdl klb wbl dg jl{ khbkl {gbthdl{* tldl jlfvwgjjl vwg dgqgbdg dg jf qg~kgqkhûb dgj iwbdl g}tg~hl~ -hnéd"(" Gb bwg{t~l o~fcigbtl dgfbæjh{h{* jl ohcw~fthl g{tæ ~gq~g{gbtfdl ql~ fvwgjjl{ gjgigbtl{ vwg qldgil{ qg~khnh~ ql~ jfh{tf* mfkhgbdl jf g}kgqkhûb ql~ jl{ cjlnl{ dg tg}tl jl{ kwfjg{ {g f{wigb vwg fwbvwg bl{lt~l{jl{ qg~khnhil{* jl{ qg~{lbfeg{ dgj ~gjftl bl" Gbtlbkg{* jl ohcw~fthl g{tf~éf ~gq~g{gbtfdl ql~jl{ qg~{lbfeg{ hbljwk~fdl{ -[wqg~ifb)6* [wqg~ifb)> x [wqg~nlx)Q~hig( x jl{ dgtfjjg{ vwg{lb ~g{fjtfdl{ xf {gf ql~ gjgigbtl{ dg gbkwfd~g* bf~~fkhûb g hjwihbfkhûb -gj qwöl

gb{fbc~gbtfdl dg Q~hig* gj wbhol~ig dg klb gj {éinljl ‚[’ x {hb èj* jf q~g{gbkhf dg {lin~f{owg~tg{(" G{tl{ gjgigbtl{ klb{thtwxgb gj bhgj ohcw~fthl dgj ~gjftl"



[hb ginf~cl* tfj kwfj bl{ ~g{wjtf hiql{hnjg g{tfnjgkg~ jf hiql~tfbkhf vwg g{tf{ ohcw~f{ thgbgbgb gj dg{f~~ljjl dgj ~gjftl" Jl ohcw~fthl g}hcg* qf~f {w kliq~gb{hûb* {g~ f{wihdl ql~ wb tgifdfdl" Ql~ jl cgbg~fj* jl ohcw~fthl g{tæ {wnl~dhbfdl f jl tgiæthkl* è{tg {h~g qf~f foh~if~ wb{h{tgif dg fjl~g{ dgtg~ihbfdl {hb gj kwfj jl{ gjgigbtl{ ohcw~fthl{ bl fdvwhg~gb fjl~ fjcwbl

-hnéd"(" Tfj kwfj mgil{ gbhdl dg{f~~ljjfbdl f jl jf~cl dg è{tg fbæjh{h{* gb jl{ dh{thbtl{ bhgjg{{gihûthkl{* mgil{ h{tl jf q~gdlihbfbkhf dg wb tgif g{qgkéohkl vwg gbcjlnf gj dg{f~~ljjl dgj~gjftl" Dhkml tgif vwg f f df~ {gbthdl f jl ohcw~fthl g{ ~gq~g{gbtfdl ql~ jf jwkmf dg jl{ dl{q~hbkhqfjg{ fbtfclbh{tf{ -[wqg~ifb)6 x [wqg~nlx)Q~hig( ql~ fjkfbuf~ gj ~gklblkhihgbtl klilgj g~dfdg~l ‚[wqg~ifb’ x kwxl klbkgqtl g{tæ owg~tgigbtg jhcfdl tgif dgj mg~lé{il"

‚[wqg~ifb’ g{ klil mgil{ dg{f~~ljjfdl gb jf hbt~ldwkkhûb gj f~vwgthql dgj mè~lg* x gb nf{g

f g{tg tgif qldgil{ dg{f~~ljjf~ jf lql{hkhûb dg jf{ ohcw~f{ gbklbt~fdf{ f ohb dg df~jg {gbthdlfj ~gjftl"

Gb nf{g fj tgif dgj mg~lé{il* tgbgil{ jf{ {hcwhgbtg{ lql{hkhlbg{ kftgcl~hfjg{ ohcw~fthf{5

[wqg~ifb)6

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[wqg~nlx)Q~hig[wqg~ifb)> [wqg~nlx)Q~higWbhol~if klb {éinljl Wbhol~ig {hb {éinljlQwöl jhiqhl Qwöl gb{fbc~gbtfdl[lin~f{ {wfg{ [lin~f{ owg~tg{

Bl mfx iwkml vwg g}qjhkf~ fj ~g{qgktl* xf mgil{ t~ftfdl gb g}tgb{l jf{ dhog~gbkhf{ xlql{hkhlbg{ vwg q~g{gbtfb f jl{ qg~{lbfeg{ x {w ~gjfkhûb dg fbtfclbh{il o~gbtg f jf ohcw~f dgQ~hig* hdgbthohkfdl klil gj hjjfbl dgj ~gjftl ql~ jf {hbtf}h{ owbdfigbtfj x bf~~fthf"Hcwfjigbtg* klb{hdg~l vwg jf lql{hkhûb gbt~g gj wbhol~ig klb {éinljl x {hb èj g{ kjf~f* {ln~gtldl ql~ jl vwg mf dg{f~~ljjfdl gb gj fbæjh{h{ dgj g{vwgif bf~~fthl kfbûbhkl" Gb gj kf{l dg jf{

ohcw~f{ klil gj qwöl gb{fbc~gbtfdl x jf{ {lin~f{ owg~tg{* jf lql{hkhûb {g ~gfjhuf gb nf{g f jfq~g{wql{hkhûb jûchkf jf kwfj bl{ qg~ihtg q~g{wqlbg~ gj lqwg{tl dg jf ohcw~f dg fbæjh{h{ {h g{tfbl fqf~gkg gb gj ~gjftl" Klil qwgdgb fq~gkhf~ jf lql{hkhûb kwgbtf klb {w q~lqhf l~hgbtfkhûb*f jf huvwhg~df {g mfjjf fc~wqfdf{ jf{ ohcw~f{ vwg qldgil{ hdgbthohkf~ nfel gj tgif dgj mg~lé{ilx jf dg~gkmf jl vwg hdgbthohkfil{ klil ~gq~g{gbtfkhlbg{ dg jf hjjfbéf" G{tf l~hgbtfkhûb bl g{fj fuf~* ljg~gil{ f gjjf iæ{ fdgjfbtg"

Dg{qwè{ dg mfng~ h{tl jf{ dhog~gbtg{ ~gjfkhlbg{ kftgcl~hfjg{* qf{gil{ f ~gh{f~ jf{ ~gjfkhlbg{dgj thql c~fdwfj" Gb jl ohcw~fthl* g{tf{ {g dg{f~~ljjfb gb dl{ qljl{5 jl hkûbhkl x jl fn{t~fktl" Jlohcw~fthl hkûbhkl g{ fvwgjjl vwg q~ldwkg jf igel~ hjw{hûb ~gog~gbkhfj* vwg qf~gkg iæ{ q~û}hilf jf ~gfjhdfd" Jl ohcw~fthl fn{t~fktl g{* ql~ gj klbt~f~hl* jl vwg {ûjl hbkjwxg wb bõig~l iébhil

dg ~f{cl{ dg jf ~gfjhdfd -hnéd"(" Jf lql{hkhûb c~fdwfj dg bwg{t~f{ ohcw~f{ {g dg{f~~ljjf~æ nfel jfklbgbkhûb vwg jl hkûbhkl {g mfjjf l~hgbtfdl f jf huvwhg~df x jl fn{t~fktl f jf dg~gkmf"

Bwg{t~l q~hig~ fbæjh{h{ klb{h{tg gb g{tfnjgkg~ jf lql{hkhûb c~fdwfj gbt~g jf{ dh{thbtf{ g~{hlbg{dg ‚[wqg~ifb’ vwg fqf~gkgb gb gj ~gjftl* qf~f gjjl mfx vwg q~gcwbtf~bl{ kwæj dg gjjl{ {gf{gigef iæ{ f jf ~gq~g{gbtfkhûb h{wfj vwg tgbgil{ dg ‚[wqg~ifb’" Tgbgil{ gbtlbkg{ gj{hcwhgbtg g{vwgif5

[wqg~ifb)6 [wqg~nlx)Q~hig [wqg~ifb)>

Gb dlbdg [wqg~ifb)6 g{ vwhgb igel~ {g f{gigef f jf ~gq~g{gbtfkhûb dg ‚[wqg~ifb’ vwg

tldl{ hdgbthohkfil{ -{g t~ftg l bl dg wb jgktl~ dg klihk{( klil hbdhhdwl* ql~ tfbtl g{ gj iæ{hkûbhkl dg jl{ t~g{" [wqg~ifb)> ql~ {w qf~tg* qg{g f {g~ g~{hûb dg jl{ 41{ x ql~ tfbtl gjq~hig~l* {g klbhg~tg gb gj iæ{ fn{t~fktl ql~ gj ofktl~ gdfd* gb jf igbtg qlqwjf~ jf ohcw~f dg



‚[wqg~ifb’ {g ~gjfkhlbf hbigdhftfigbtg f jf dg wb mlin~g fdwjtl" [wqg~nlx)Q~hig {g mfjjfgb gj igdhl* gbt~g jl hkûbhkl x jl fn{t~fktl* jf{ q~hbkhqfjg{ ~fulbg{ qf~f wnhkf~jl gb g{tfql{hkhûb {lb {w ewgbtwd x qf~gkhdl klb [wqg~ifb)6* ql~ tfbtl qwgdg g{tf~ iæ{ kg~kf f~gq~g{gbtf~ f ‚[wqg~ifb’"

Bwg{t~l {gcwbdl fbæjh{h{ dg lql{hkhûb c~fdwfj* x õjthil gb h{tf vwg ~gjfkhûb c~fdwfj blfdihtg fbæjh{h{ ql~ q~g{wql{hkhûb jûchkf* dg{f~~ljjf gb nf{g f jl{ wbhol~ig{" Klil mgil{hdgbthohkfdl* gb gj ~gjftl fqf~gkgb dl{ iligbtl{ {hcbhohkfthl{5 gj wbhol~ig klb gj {éinljl ‚[’

x {hb gj {éinljl" Bwgfigbtg bl{ gbklbt~fil{ gb gj kf{l dg vwè ~gq~g{gbtf dg ol~if iæ{kg~kfbf gj klbkgqtl ‚[wqg~ifb’* klil mgil{ fbfjhufdl gb {giæbthkf owbdfigbtfj wbl dg

jl{ ofktl~g{ q~hbkhqfjg{ g{ jf ,wbhol~ihdfd," Gbtlbkg{ tgbgil{ vwg5

Wbhol~ig klb {éinljl { Wbhol~ig {hb {éinljl

Lnhfigbtg* gj wbhol~ig klb gj {éinljl f f {g~ iæ{ hkûbhkl vwg gj wbhol~ig {hb gj {éinljl"Dhkml {gf dg qf{l g{tf lql{hkhûb g{tæ fkl~dg f jl vwg mgil{ fbfjhufdl q~ghfigbtg gb

{hbtf}h{ bf~~fthf* g{qgkéohkfigbtg gb gj tgif dg jf {fbkhûb q~fciæthkf"

_gfil{ f klbthbwfkhûb jf {gcwbdf kftgcl~éf dg fbæjh{h{* jf tgiæthkf" Gb lql{hkhûb f jlohcw~fthl* jl tgiæthkl {g t~ftf dg klbtgbhdl{* dg {hcbhohkfdl{ dg jl{ {h{tgif{ dg~gq~g{gbtfkhûb* vwg bl thgbgb wb gjgigbtl kl~~g{qlbdhgbtg gb gj ~gog~gbtg" F{é qwg{* jltgiæthkl {g kf~fktg~huf ql~ {w f{qgktl klbkgqtwfj -hnéd"(" Q~ghfigbtg kwfbdl fbfjhufil{ jflql{hkhûb kftgcl~hfj dg jf{ ohcw~f{ hdgbthohkfil{ gj tgif dgj mg~lé{il klil geg kgbt~fj dgj~gjftl" Fj hcwfj vwg gb gj kf{l dg jf{ ohcw~f{ fj tgif dgj mg~lé{il {g jg lqlbg gj tgif dg jfhjjfbéf* f{é ih{il qldgil{ hdgbthohkf~ wbf {g~hg dg tgif{ vwg fqf~gkgb gb gj t~fb{kw~{l dgbwg{t~l o~fcigbtl5

,mg~lé{il,

_{

,hjjfbéf,,nhgb, ,ifj,,hdf, ,iwg~tg,,~fuûb, ,qf{hûb,,~g{qlb{fnhjhdfd, ,h~~g{qlb{fnhjhdfd,,ildg~fkhûb, ,n~wtfjhdfd,,hktl~hf, ,dg~~ltf,

Fj hcwfj vwg gb jf kftgcl~éf ohcw~fthf* jl tgiæthkl tfinhèb f f q~g{gbtf~ ~gjfkhlbg{ dgj thqlc~fdwfj* g{tf{ {lb5 g{qgkéohkf{ x cgbè~hkf{" Jl tgiæthkl g{qgkhohkl g{ fvwgjjl vwg klbthgbg jfkfbthdfd dg ifxl~ ~f{cl{ tgiæthkl{ ~gog~gbkhfjg{ gb gj dh{kw~{l" Jl tgiæthkl cgbè~hkl g{* ql~

gj klbt~f~hl* jl vwg {ûjl hbkjwxg wb bõig~l iébhil dg ~f{cl{ tgiæthkl{ ~gog~gbkhfjg{ gb gjdh{kw~{l -hnéd"(" Xf mgil{ hdgbthohkfdl gj tgif dgj mg~lé{il x jf hjjfbéf klil jl{ geg{q~hbkhqfjg{ vwg fb f df~ {gbthdl fj ~gjftl* ql~ tfbtl qldgil{ g{tfnjgkg~ vwg finl{ {g~æb*qf~f kfdf wbl dg {w{ dg{f~~ljjl{* jl{ tgif{ g{qgkéohkl{ vwg klbtgbd~æb f {w gu f jl{ tgif{cgbè~hkl{ f l~cfbhuf~ f klbthbwfkhûb" Klil gb gj kf{l dg jf ~gjfkhûb c~fdwfj ohcw~fthf*g{tfnjgkg~gil{ jf klbgbkhûb vwg jl g{qgkéohkl h~æ gb wb bhgj {wqg~hl~ gb gj g{vwgif fdg{f~~ljjf~* ihgbt~f{ jl cgbè~hkl {g h~æ fc~wqfbdl gb bhgjg{ hbog~hl~g{" Gj dg{f~~ljjl dg jf~gjfkhûb c~fdwfj tgiæthkf g{ gj {hcwhgbtg5



Mg~lé{il

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Ifj Iwg~tg Qf{hûb Dg~~ltf

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Wbf fkltfkhûb ~g{qgktl fj g{vwgif qjfbtgfdl* gj tgif dgj mg~lé{il fvwé qjfbtgfdlkl~~g{qlbdg fj klbkgqtl ‚[wqg~ifb’ klil fbæjlcl{ dg tfj ifbg~f vwg qwgdf gbtgb dg~{g gbtè~ihbl{ dgj ~gjftl gb gj kûihk DK" G{tg g{vwgif dgj mg~lé{il klb {w{ ~g{qgkthl{ {wntgif{~gq~g{gbtf gj klbkgqtl hbt~éb{gkl dg ‚[wqg~ifb’* ql~ tfbtl gj dg{f~~ljjl dg jl{ qg~{lbfeg{ gb

gj ~gjftl* {ln~g tldl dg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig klil q~ltfclbh{tf dgj ih{il* kl~~g{qlbdg f jl h{tlgb jl{ bhgjg{ bf~~fthl x owbdfigbtfj"

Wbf gu g{tfnjgkhdl{ jf{ ol~if{ ohcw~fthf{ x tgiæthkf{ qldgil{ gbolkf~bl{ gb jf{f{lkhfkhlbg{ ql{hnjg{ gbt~g finl{ kliqlbgbtg{ {giæbthkl{ -hnéd"("

Giqgkgil{ ql~ jf{ f{lkhfkhlbg{ ohcw~fthf{* qwgdg lkw~~h~ vwg wbf ih{if ohcw~f kl~~g{qlbdff tgif{ dhog~gbtg{" Gjjl klbjjgf f vwg wbf ih{if ohcw~f qwgdf {g~ hbtg~q~gtfdf dg dhog~gbtg{ol~if{ tgiæthkf{" G{tg thql dg f{lkhfkhûb g{ jjfifdf qljhtgiæthkf -hnéd"(" Tligil{ klilgegiqjl jf ohcw~f dg [wqg~ifb)6* klil g{ ghdgbtg èj f g{tf~ ~gjfkhlbfdl klb gj tgif dgjmg~lé{il x klb kfdf wbl dg jl{ {wntgif{ vwg g{tg kliq~gbdg0 klb tfbtl qldgil{ fbfjhuf~ f

[wqg~ifb)6 gb nf{g f kfdf tgif vwg q~g{gbtf {gf klil ~gq~g{gbtfkhûb dgj nhgb* klil wbqg~{lbfeg ~fkhlbfj* gtk" F{é qwg{ qldgil{ hdgbthohkf~ jf{ {hcwhgbtg{ ~gjfkhlbg{ qljhtgiæthkf{qf~f kfdf ohcw~f5

[wqg~ifb)6

Mg~lé{il

Nhgb

^fuûb

_hktl~hf

Ildg~fkhûb

^g{qlb{fnhjhdfd

[wqg~ifb)>

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Dg~~ltf

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Wbhol~ig klb {éinljl

Mg~lé{il

Nhgb

Wbhol~ig {hb {éinljl

_hjjfbéf

Ifj

Lt~f f{lkhfkhûb g{ jf vwg f gb {gbthdl hbg~{l* dhog~gbtg{ dftl{ ohcw~fthl{ fb ~gjfkhlbfdl{ fwb ih{il tgif" F g{tg thql dg f{lkhfkhlbg{ {g jg{ klblkg klil qf~fnûjhkf -hnéd"(" Tligil{ gjkf{l dgj tgif dgj mg~lé{il* vwg klil dhkml g{tæ iwx ~gjfkhlbfdl fj klbkgqtl ‚[wqg~ifb’*

gbtlbkg{ f g{tg tgif kl~~g{qlbdg~æb jf{ ohcw~f{ [wqg~ifb)6* [wqg~ifb)> x gj wbhol~ig klb gj{éinljl ‚[’* {hgbdl lnhfigbtg gj iæ{ hkûbhkl [wqg~ifb)6 x gj iæ{ fn{t~fktl gj wbhol~ig klbgj {éinljl ‚[’" Gb nf{g gjjl* tgbgil{ jf{ {hcwhgbtg{ ~gjfkhlbg{ qf~fnûjhkf{5

Mg~lé{il

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[wqg~ifb)6

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[wqg~nlx)Q~hig


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[wqg~nlx)Q~hig

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[wqg~nlx)Q~hig

Lt~f ql{hnjg ~gjfkhûb gbt~g jl ohcw~fthl x jl tgiæthkl g{tfnjgkg wbf kl~~g{qlbdgbkhf dg 6 f 6gbt~g wbf ohcw~f x wb tgif g{qgkéohkl" G{tf g{t~wktw~f g{ jf vwg kliõbigbtg {g klblkg klil{éinljl" Ghdgbtgigbtg* qg{g f {w kf~æktg~* gj {éinljl {ûjl g{ jgchnjg gb wb if~kl kwjtw~fj xg{qfkhl)tgiql~fj dgtg~ihbfdl{ -hnéd"(" Gj o~fcigbtl q~g{gbtf gj vwg g{ vwhuæ{ gj {éinljl iæ{~gklblkhnjg gb gj tgif dg klihk{ {õqg~ mg~lhkl{ x gb cgbg~fj kwfbdl dg mg~lé{il {g mfnjf gbgj iwbdl qlq* gj {éinljl dg jf ‚[’ kwxl {hcbhohkfdl {hgiq~g f f g{tf~ ~gjfkhlbfdl f

‚[wqg~ifb’" Gj hiqfktl kwjtw~fj dg g{tg {éinljl ql~ {é ih{il g{ dhcbl dg wb fbæjh{h{kliqjgtl"

[éinljl dg ‚[’ ‚[wqg~ifb’



Ql~ {w qf~tg* gj {gih {hinljh{il tlif jf kl~~g{qlbdgbkhf dg kftgcl~éf klb kftgcl~éf" Jf{dhog~gbtg{ kftgcl~éf{ ohcw~fthf{ {lb kl~~gjfkhlbfdf{ klb gj qjfbl tgiæthkl -hnéd"(" Gj {gih{hinljh{il t~fg klb{hcl jf klb{t~wkkhûb dg {hcbhohkfdl gb gj ~gjftl gb nf{g f jf kl~~gjfkhûbgbt~g jf{ ohcw~f{ x tgif{ x {w ~gjfkhûb klb jf f}hljlcéf vwg g~gil{ iæ{ fdgjfbtg" Klilqldgil{ fq~gkhf~ gb gj g{vwgif q~g{gbtfdl* jl{ gjgigbtl{ ohcw~fthl{ wnhkfdl{ f jf huvwhg~df

kl~~g{qlbdg f jlf tgif{ vwg fkgqtfil{ nfel gj klbkgqtl ‚[wqg~ifb’0 ql~ {w qf~tg* jlwnhkfdl f jf dg~gkmf {lb tldf{ jf{ ohcw~f{ vwg gj dh{kw~{l ~gjfkhlbf fj tgif dg jf hjjfbéf"

[wqg~ifb)6

{

[wqg~nlx)Q~hig[wqg~ifb)> [wqg~nlx)Q~higQwöl jhiqhl Qwöl gb{fbc~gbtfdlWbhol~ig klb {éinljl Wbhol~ig {hb {éinljl[lin~f{ {wfg{ [lin~f{ owg~tg{

,mg~lé{il,

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,hjjfbéf,,nhgb, ,ifj,

,hdf, ,iwg~tg,,~fuûb, ,qf{hûb,,~g{qlb{fnhjhdfd, ,h~~g{qlb{fnhjhdfd,,ildg~fkhûb, ,n~wtfjhdfd,,hktl~hf, ,dg~~ltf,

Gj õjthil gjgigbtl q~g{gbtg gb jf f{lkhfkhûb gbt~g jl ohcw~fthl x jl tgiæthkl* x vwg mgil{fdgjfbtfdl gb gj qæ~~fol fbtg~hl~* kl~~g{qlbdg f jf f}hljlcéf" G{tf klb{h{tg gb q~gog~h~ wbfkftgcl~éf tgiæthkf l ohcw~fthf gb owbkhûb dg jf ft~fkkhûb l ~gqwj{hûb* dgtg~ihbæbdljl{ klb jfkftgcl~éf téihkf gwol~hf { dh{ol~hf -hnéd"(" Jf ~gjfkhûb g{ hcwfj f jf vwg {g dg{f~~ljjl gb jf{hbtf}h{ owbdfigbtfj ~g{qgktl f jf dgh}h ql{hthf l bgcfthf* fvwgjjl vwg g{ fkgqtfdl l

~gkmfufdl ql~ gj ~gjftl" Kl~~gjfkhlbfbdl jf f}hljlcéf klb gj {gih {éinljl* gbklbt~fil{ vwg jlfkgqtfdl klil ~gq~g{gbtfkhûb dg ‚[wqg~ifb’ x ql~ tfbtl hdgbthohkfdl klil nfel gj tgif dgmg~lé{il kl~~g{qlbdg f kfdf wbl dg jl{ gjgigbtl{ wnhkfdl{ f jf huvwhg~df dgj g{vwgif* jlgwol~hufdl" Ql~ gj klbt~f~hl* fvwgjjl vwg g{ ~gkmfufdl x vwg bl kl~~g{qlbdg f jl mg~lhkl dg‚[wqg~ifb’* kwxl ifxl~ ~gq~g{gbtfbtg g{ [wqg~nlx)Q~hig* {g wnhkf f jf dg~gkmf dgjg{vwgif* jl dh{ol~hufdl"

[hbtf}h{ dh{kw~{hvf

Gj dh{kw~{l -gbwbkhfkhûb( qwgdg klbkgnh~{g klil gj {hbk~gth{il dg t~g{ ofktl~g{5 gj xl ‛ fvwé ‛

fml~f" Gb gj fbæjh{h{ {gihûthkl dgj dh{kw~{l* gj fktl dg gbwbkhfkhûb klb{h{th~æ gb jf bgcfkhûb dgjgbwbkhfdl~ -gih{l~( kgbt~fbdl f{é {w olkl dg ftgbkhûb gb gj q~lqhl gbwbkhfdl -Klw~tè{* 6883("

G{tf lqg~fkhûb dg bgcfkhûb {g f f geg~kg~ {ln~g kfdf wbl dg jl{ t~g{ ofktl~g{ dg jfgbwbkhfkhûb ql~ igdhl dg jf lqg~fkhûb dg dg{gin~fcwg" Dg g{tf ifbg~f {g hb{tfw~f gjdg{gin~fcwg fktl~hfj* gj bl xl* gj kwfj gvwhfjg f wb èj klil fvwèj l fvwgjjf dg vwhgb {g mfnjfgb gj ~gjftl" Qf~fjgjfigbtg* gj {gcwbdl ofktl~ g{ gj bl fvwé vwg hb{tfw~f gj dg{gin~fcwgg{qfkhfj x vwg kl~~g{qlbdg f wb gb lt~f qf~tg" Jf bgcfkhûb dgj fml~f df jwcf~ f wb gb g{ggbtlbkg{ {gcõb jl hb{tfw~f gj dg{gin~fcwg tgiql~fj" Gb {gbthdl hbg~{l fj dg{gin~fcwg*kl~~g{qlbdg jf lqg~fkhûb dg gin~fcwg -hnéd"("

G{qgkéohkfigbtg* jf{ lqg~fkhlbg{ dg gin~fcwg,dg{gin~fcwg {g ~gfjhufb klb{hdg~fbdl fjgbwbkhfdl gb dl{ bhgjg{ dhog~gbkhfdl{5 gj bhgj gbwbkhfthl x gj bhgj gbwbkhl" Jl gbwbkhfthl



kl~~g{qlbdg fj klbtg}tl l {htwfkhûb vwg qg~ihtg df~ {gbthdl fj ~gjftl ql~ igdhl{ dg ohcw~f{ lif~kf{ dgefdf{ ql~ gj gbwbkhfdl~" Ql~ {w qf~tg* jl gbwbkhl kl~~g{qlbdg g{qgkéohkfigbtg fjtg}tl* dh{kw~{l gbt~g jl{ qg~{lbfeg{* vwg klbt~hnwxgb f df~ {gbthdl cgbg~fj fj ~gjftl -hnéd"("

Fbfjhkgil{ q~hig~l gj bhgj gbwbkhfthl" Gb q~hig~ jwcf~ gj ofktl~ dgj xl* jjfifdl fktl~hufkhûb*

hiqjhkf vwg jl{ fktl~g{ dgj ~gjftl {lb vwhgbg{ ltl~cfb gj {gbthdl fj ~gjftl" Gj dg{gin~fcwgfktl~hfj gbwbkhfthl ~gojgef klil jl{ fktl~g{ {lb q~g{gbtfdl{ gb gj ~gjftl -hnéd"(" Xf mgil{hdgbthohkfdl vwg jl{ fktl~g{ gb gj ~gjftl {lb [wqg~ifb)6* [wqg~ifb)> x [wqg~nlx)Q~hig" Kfdfwbl dg gjjl{* {hb hiql~tf~ gj dh{kw~{l q~lqhl dg kfdf wbl* {lb q~g{gbtfdl{ dg wbf ol~ifqf~thkwjf~* gb gj kf{l dg [wqg~ifb)6 {g ~gklblkg gb èj jf ohcw~f dgj mè~lg q~hbkhqfj vwhgb dgngdgogbdg~ fj wbhg~{l DK dg jf figbfuf vwg {wqlbg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig* fdgiæ{ dg jf ohcw~f dg jffdwjtgu x ql~ klb{hcwhgbtg f{lkhfdl klb jf {gb{ftgu x jf ~fuûb" [wqg~nlx)Q~hig g{ q~g{gbtfdlklil gj hjjfbl x gj lql{htl~ q~hbkhqfj fj klbkgqtl ‚[wqg~ifb’* lt~f{ ohcw~f{ ~gjfkhlbfdf{ {lb

{w ewgbtwd {lb jf ln{g{hûb vwg gj kmhkl thgbg ql~ klbg~th~{g gb ‚[wqg~ifb’ f{é klil jf

qf{hûb dg{klbt~ljfdf gb {w fktwfkhûb ql~ lntgbg~ jl vwg vwhg~g" [wqg~ifb)> g{ oækhjigbtghdgbthohkfdl klil wb fxwdfbtg* dgnhdl f {w {htwfkhûb gb ~gjfkhûb f {w gegu {w

kliql~tfihgbtl g{ ig{w~fdl fj iligbtl dg gbo~gbtf~ f Q~hig x jl kwfj g{ {wqg~fdl ql~ gjkmhkl klb wbf fkthtwd iæ{ qf{hlbfj fj qwbtl dg jf n~wtfjhdfd"

[wqg~ifb)6 ,mè~lg, ,dgogb{l~, ,fdwjtgu, ,{gb{ftgu, ,~fuûb,[wqg~ifb)> ,fxwdfbtg, ,gegu, ,ig{w~f,[wqg~nlx)Q~hig ,hjjfbl, ,lql{htl~, ,ewgbtwd, ,ln{g{hûb, ,qf{hûb,

Ql~ {w qf~tg* gj gin~fcwg fktl~hfj gbwbkhfthl g{ tldf if~kf dgefdf ql~ gj gbwbkhfdl~ qf~ff{gcw~f~ jf kliq~gb{hûb -jl igtfjhbcúé{thkl( f{é klil gjgigbtl{ dg fdegthfkhûb qf~f fjl~f~khg~tl{ f{qgktl{ -qjfbl{* æbcwjl{ g hjwihbfkhûb gb gj kf{l dg iftg~hfjg{ fwdhlh{wfjg{( dgjdh{kw~{l -hnéd"(" Gb jgbcwfeg dg kûihk fnwbdfb jl{ gin~fcwg{ fktl~hfjg{ gbwbkhfthl{ dgj thql

igtfjhbcúé{thkl* g{tl{ {lb tldf{ fvwgjjf{ if~kf{ thql lbliftlqgxf vwg ofkhjhtfb fj jgktl~ jfkliq~g{hûb dg khg~tl{ iligbtl{ dgj ~gjftl x vwg bl {lb qg~khnhdl{ ql~ jl{ qg~{lbfeg{~gjfkhlbfdl{ klb jf fkkhûb" Gb gj o~fcigbtl* kfdf wbl dg g{tf{ if~kf{ fb f klbtf~ klb {wq~lqhl {hcbhohkfdl dgqgbdhgbdl dgj klbtg}tl dg jf fkkhûb gb vwg fqf~gukfb0 f{é ‚_uuutt’* vwg

fkliqföf jf fkkhûb dgj ftfvwg dg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig klb {w h{hûb dg kfjl~ {ln~g [wqg~ifb)6* ff {hcbhohkf~ jf ifbhog{tfkhûb dgj qldg~ dgj kmhkl {wifdl f jf hbtgb{hdfd dgj ih{il gb {wo~gbg{é ql~ gjhihbf~ f {w lqlbgbtg" Dg tldf{ jf{ lbliftlqgxf{* jf iæ{ {hcbhohkfthf g{ gj‚[m~~qq’ qwg{ ~gq~g{gbtf gj iligbtl q~gkh{l gb gj kwfj {g fqjhkf jf {fbkhûb q~fciæthkf {ln~g

jf qg~ol~ifbkg dg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig f t~fè{ dgj dg{qlel dg jf ‚[’ dg {w wbhol~ig f ifbl{ dg

[wqg~ifb)6"

‚_uuutt’ ,qldg~, ,o~gbg{é, ‚Ouut’ ,qldg~, ,qg~dhdf,‚@~f```’ ,cljqg, ,qltgbkhf, ,oh~iguf, ‚@~f`’ ,cljqg, ‚@~~``ftkm’ ,cljqg, ,ow~hf, ,dg{t~lul, ‚[m~~qq’ ,{fbkhûb, ,dg{qlel, ,dg{cf~~l,‚@~f``’ ,cljqg, ,~g{h{tgbkhf, ,ljwbtfd, ‚Tmllii’ ,cljqg, ,q~gdlihbhl, ,hktl~hf,

^g{qgktl f fdegthfkhûb qldgil{ ~g{fjtf~ gj gbkwfd~g giqjgfdl gb jf{ högtf{ vwg kliqlbgbgj ~gjftl" Fj hcwfj vwg gb jgbcwfeg fwdhlh{wfj* jl{ qjfbl{ cgbg~fjg{ dgj kûihk bl{ qg~ihtgb

{htwf~ gj jwcf~ gb gj kwfj {g dg{f~~ljjf jf fkkhûb" [hb ginf~cl* dgnhdl f jf bftw~fjguf dg g{tg~gjftl* dg gbo~gbtfihgbtl* jl{ q~hig~l{ qjfbl{ {lb jl{ vwg bl{ qg~ihtgb gbtgbdg~ f ifxl~q~lowbdhdfd jf qg~{lbfjhdfd dg kfdf qg~{lbfeg" F{é qwg{ gb gj kf{l dg jl{ q~hig~l{ qjfbl{ dg



[wqg~ifb)6 gil{ gj dljl~ dg jf nftfjjf x gj g{owg~ul dg jf qgjgf klbt~f Q~hig" Ql~ gjklbt~f~hl* jl{ q~hig~l{ qjfbl{ dg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig bl iwg{t~fb jf g}q~g{hûb dg {w ow~hfh~~fkhlbfj klb tfj dg lntgbg~ {w lnegtl dg dg{gl" [g {wif gjjl* jl{ qjfbl{ dg dgtfjjg* vwg gbfinl{ kf{l{ fqf~gkg jf ifbl dg Q~hig t~f{ mfng~ cljqgfdl f [wqg~ifb)>* ql~ tfbtl {w gb{w{ qwöl{ ifbkmfdl{ dg {fbc~g vwg bl{ ~gihtgb f jf hljgbkhf g}kg{hf gb jf klbdwktf dgj

f{qh~fbtg fj qwg{tl dg ‚[wqg~ifb’"

Qjfbl{ cgbg~fjg{ ,klbtg}tl, ,wnhkfkhûb,Qjfbl{ dg klbewbtl ,q~glkwqfkhûb, ,klbo~lbtfkhûb, ,gbo~gbtfihgbtl,Qjfbl{ gbtg~l{ ,gbo~gbtfihgbtl, ,kg~kfbéf, ,klbtfktl,Q~hig~l{ qjfbl{ ,g}q~g{hûb, ,ow~hf, ,dljl~, ,g{owg~ul, ,æbhil,Qjfbl{ dg dgtfjjg ,hljgbkhf, ,{fbc~g,

Gj {gcwbdl ofktl~ gb bwg{t~l fbæjh{h{ gbwbkhfthl kl~~g{qlbdg f jf g{qfkhfjhufkhûb" [g gbthgbdgql~ g{qfkhfjhufkhûb f jf f~thkwjfkhûb dg jl{ g{qfkhl{ gb wb ~gjftl dfdl* {g~æ fjjé dlbdg jl{mgkml{ x cg{tl{ dg jl{ qg~{lbfeg{ {g jjgfb f kfnl" Gj dg{gin~fcwg g{qfkhfj gbwbkhfthl {g

df~æ kwfbdl jf ln{g~fkhûb dgj g{qfkhl {g df f gbtgbdg~ ql~ wbl dg jl{ fktfbtg{ dgjgbwbkhfdl -hnéd"(" Gb gj o~fcigbtl {g bl{ df f gbtgbdg~ kjf~figbtg dg{dg gj klihgbul dgjih{il vwg jf fkkhûb f f ~gfjhuf~{g gb wb qjfbgtf fegbl f jf Thg~~f* wb g{qfkhl g}t~ftg~~g{t~ggb kwxf {wqg~ohkhg f f tgbg~ jwcf~ wb gbo~gbtfihgbtl {ln~gmwifbl gbt~g jf{ owg~uf{ iæ{qldg~l{f{ dgj wbhg~{l DK"

Qjfbgtf ,g}t~ftg~~gbfj, ,{ln~gmwifbl,

Qf{gil{ f fbfjhuf~ gj {gcwbdl bhgj* gj gbwbkhl" Klil gb gj bhgj fbtg~hl~* gj bhgj gbwbkhltfinhèb f f q~g{gbtf~ fktl~hufkhûb* gb kwxl kf{l jf lqg~fkhûb {g~æ dg dg{gin~fcwg x è{tg ff dg{q~gbdg~{g gb nf{g f kûil fj dh{kw~{l giqjgfdl ql~ kfdf qg~{lbfeg klil ~gojgel dg {w

qg~{lbfjhdfd x fjl~g{" F{é qwg{ gb nf{g f {w{ dhæjlcl{* [wqg~ifb)6 f g{tf~ hbkwjfdl f jfq~glkwqfkhûb gb gj iligbtl gb vwg {g fkg~kf f kliq~lnf~ jf {htwfkhûb dg [wqg~ifb)> t~f{g{t~gjjf~{g gb gj qjfbgtf* f f {g~ vwhgb k~hthkf jf fkthtwd dg Q~hig dg vwg~g~ iftf~ f tldl{ {ljlqf~f {gbth~{g g{qgkhfj* f f {g~ gj q~hbkhqfj lql{htl~ vwg Q~hig lntgbcf jl vwg dg{gf x*ohbfjigbtg vwhgb gihtf jl{ ewhkhl{ klcbl{khthl{ x q~fciæthkl{ dg jf qg~ol~ifbkg dg Q~hig klb{w{ kl~~g{qlbdhgbtg{ kf{thcl{" [wqg~nlx)Q~hig ql~ {w qf~tg f f q~g{gbtf~ wbf {g~hg dgft~hnwtl{ bgcfthl{ vwg fqlxfb jf {fbkhûb dg [wqg~ifb)6 x vwg dh{ol~hufb {w qg~ol~ifbkg xq~gtgb{hlbg{ dg vwg~g~ klbg~th~{g tlif~ gj qwg{tl dg ‚[wqg~ifb’"

[wqg~ifb)6 ,q~glkwqfkhûb, ,k~hthkf, ,lql{hkhûb, ,ewhkhl,[wqg~nlx)Q~hig ,q{hklqftéf, ,f{g{hbftl, ,ln{thbfkhûb, ,~fnhf, ,h~~fkhlbfjhdfd,

Gj bhgj gbwbkhl dgj o~fcigbtl f f q~g{gbtf~ jf lqg~fkhûb dg gin~fcwg fktl~hfj"Kgbt~æbdlbl{ qw~figbtg gb gj dhfjlcl qldgil{ dgtg~ihbf~ vwg {g t~fnfef klb [wqg~nlx)Q~hig klil {h {g t~ftf{g dg wb ~gjftl gb q~hig~f qg~{lbf* kl{f vwg ghdgbkhf jl vwg xf mgil{t~ftfdl klb fbtg~hl~hdfd fj hdgbthohkf~ f Q~hig klil gj q~ltfclbh{tf dgj ~gjftl" Jf f{qh~fkhûb dg[wqg~nlx)Q~hig fj foh~if~ ‚ Xl {g~è [wqg~ifb’ ~gojgefb gj bhgj dg ln{g{hûb gb jf igbtg dgj

kmhkl ql~ tlif~ gj jwcf~ dg [wqg~ifb)6"

‚ Xl {g~è [wqg~ifb’ ,f{qh~fkhûb, ,ln{g{hûb, ,~ggiqjful,

Gb klbt~fql{hkhûb f jf ohcw~f dg Q~hig* gj ~gjftl tfinhèb tlif jf ql{tw~f dg [wqg~ifb)6 klil

{w q~hbkhqfj lql{htl~* vwg bl{ ~gihtg f wb gin~fcwg fktl~hfj dgj dh{kw~{l gb {gcwbdf qg~{lbf"Jf ~g{qwg{tf dg [wqg~ifb)6 g{ gj ewhkhl ohbfj f jf qg~ol~ifbkg dg Q~hig x kl~~g{qlbdg



hbigdhftfigbtg f jf gegkwkhûb dg finf{ {fbkhlbg{ klil jf bgcfkhûb ohbfj dg jf f{qh~fkhûb dgQ~hig x jf ~g{h{tgbkhf dg [wqg~ifb)6 o~gbtg f jf figbfuf dgj f{qh~fbtg"

‚%Tõ+ Efiæ{ {g~æ{ [wqg~ifb’ ,ewhkhl, ,bgcfkhûb, ,~g{h{tgbkhf,

Klbkjw{hûb

Mgil{ h{tl f t~fè{ dgj fbæjh{h{ dg jl{ bhgjg{ owbdfigbtfj* bf~~fthl x dh{kw~{hl vwg jfklb{t~wkkhûb dg g{tg o~fcigbtl {g f~thkwjf nfel wb ih{il geg tgiæthkl gj mg~lé{il"^gkl~dgil{ ql~ jl vwg mgil{ h{tl kwfbdl t~ftfil{ jf mh{tl~hf dgj qg~{lbfeg vwg t~f{ K~h{h{

gb jf{ Thg~~f{ Hbohbhtf{* [wqg~ifb)6 {g klbh~thû gb gj õbhkl [wqg~ifb dg jf klbthbwhdfd DK0 {hbginf~cl gj qg~hldl ql{t)K~h{h{ g{twl if~kfdl ql~ jf o~fktw~f dgj ihtl {õqg~ mg~lhkl*[wqg~ifb* gj ifxl~ dg jl{ mè~lg{ dg DK* iwg~g x ~g{wkhtf* ql{gg iõjthqjg{ l~écgbg{ x {g gt~fb{ol~ifdl gb wb {g~ dg gbg~céf* kfdf wbl dg g{tl{ ofktl~g{ klbt~hnwxgb f ig~if~ jfhdgbthdfd hbmg~gbtg dg ‚[wqg~ifb’" Ohbfjigbtg* gb gj klbtg}tl dg K~h{h{ Hbohbhtf {w~cg wb

bwgl f{qh~fbtg dh{qwg{tl f tlif~ gj jwcf~ dgj mè~lg ql~ {w{ q~lqhl{ ohbg{ gclé{tf{* fj qwbtldg klbg~th~{g gb wbf ln{g{hûb ql~ jf kwfj g{tæ dh{qwg{tl hbkjw{l f iftf~"

[wqg~nlx)Q~hig qwgdg klb{hdg~f~{g jf fbth)tg{h{ dg ‚[wqg~ifb’* gb jébgf{ cgbg~fjg{ {g t~ftf

dgj ih{il qg~{lbfeg klb jf ih{if hdgbthdfd* qg~l kwxf{ klbhkkhlbg{ owg~lb kl~~liqhdf{ ql~{w klbohbfihgbtl gb gj jhinl t~f{ jf q~hig~f K~h{h{" Hiql{hnhjhtfdl dg fjkfbuf~ {w dg{thbl klilgj ifxl~ mè~lg dg {w wbhg~{l* vwg fdgiæ{ owg nl~~fdl dg jf g}h{tgbkhf ql~ jf K~h{h{* x klb jfklbhkkhûb vwg gb jf bwgf klbthbwhdfd jl{ mè~lg{ {lb tfb kl~~wqtl{ klil jl{ hjjfbl{ f jl{vwg gbo~gbtfb* Q~hig {g fjuû klb gj lnegthl dg ~gkjfif~ gj jwcf~ dg ‚[wqg~ifb’ x kl~~gch~

tldl f {w ildl* ~liqhgbdl tldl jl vwg ‚[wqg~ifb’ ~gq~g{gbtf gb gj q~lkg{l"

[wqg~ifb)6 x [wqg~nlx)Q~hig {g mfjjfb gb klfjh{hûb* gj mè~lg dgng dgtgbg~ fj f{qh~fbtg qf~fq~lnf~ f tldl{ vwg èj g{ ‚[wqg~ifb’" Gj ~gjftl klb{t~wxg gj ihtl ildg~bl dgj Mlin~g dg

Fkg~l ql~ igdhl dgj ~gjftl q~ltfclbhufdl ql~ [wqg~nlx)Q~hig" G{ f t~fè{ dgj o~fkf{l dgjf{qh~fbtg gb q~lnf~ vwg g{ ig~gkgdl~ gj qwg{tl vwg [wqg~ifb)6 g{ hb{tfw~fdl klil gj õbhklklb gj dg~gkml f ~gkjfif~ gogkthfigbtg vwg èj g{ ‚[wqg~ifb’"

^gkligbdfkhlbg{

K~h{h{ Hbohbhtf ~gq~g{gbtf gj iligbtl gb gj kwfj {g ~gg{k~hng gj l~hcgb dgohbhthl dg [wqg~ifb)6fj fbwjf~ jl{ l~écgbg{ q~ghl{* fdgiæ{ dg klb{t~wh~ wb bwgl kfqétwjl gb gj ihtl dgj Mlin~g

dg Fkg~l fj gbo~gbtf~jl fj f{qh~fbtg vwg {g lqlbg fj klbkgqtl dgj mè~lg" [hb ginf~cl* g{tg g{tfb {ljl wb gegiqjl dg bf~~fkhûb vwg {g gbolkf gb g{tfnjgkg~ gj mg~lé{il klbtgiql~æbgl dg[wqg~ifb* g}h{tgb f f~hf{ ln~f{ owg~f dg jf klbthbwhdfd kgbt~fdf{ gb t~ftf~ g{tg tgif" G{g{g~éf gj kf{l dg jf blgjf c~æohkf @hbcdli Klig dg If~` Sfhd x Fjg} ^l{{* finhgbtfdf gb wbowtw~l fjtg~bfthl dlbdg wbf bwgf cgbg~fkhûb dg {õqg~ mwifbl{ mf fqf~gkhdlgbo~f{kæbdl{g gb wbf jwkmfb gbt~g {é {hb gj iébhil ~g{qgktl ql~ fvwgjjl{ f vwhgbg{ {g {wqlbgdgngb q~ltgcg~" Wbf h{hûb f qwg~tf{ dg wbf cwg~~f gbt~g {õqg~ mwifbl{ x mwifbl{ gb jfkwfj gj ~gc~g{l dg [wqg~ifb* t~f{ 61 föl{ dg fwtlg}hjhl* qwgdg if~kf~ jf dhog~gbkhf"

Nhnjhlc~foéf

NJFBKL* Dg{gh~l0 NWGBL* ^fõj



68=8 Igtldljlcéf dgj fbæjh{h{ {gihûthkl" Jhif5 Wbhg~{hdfd dg Jhif"

KLW^TÈ[* E"6883 Fbæjh{h{ {gihûthkl dgj dh{kw~{l" Dgj gbwbkhfdl f jf gbwbkhfkhûb" C~gdl{5

CHIÈBGU CFTTL* Ofnhæb‚Jl{ mè~lg{ xf bl {lb jl vwg g~fb" Hdgbthdfd x dhog~gbkhf gb gj klihk dg ohb dg {hcjl’

Pgb jébgfY" Mgbkhqjlqgdhf" Klb{wjtf5 >3 dg if~ul dgj >166: mttq5,,sss"mgbkhkjlqgdhf"l~c"wx,fwtl~g{,OChigbgu,Klihk"mti2

ELMB[* Cgloo >11? ‚K~h{h{ Hbohbhtf 6)3’ %gb jébgf+" Tf~hbcf"bgt " Klb{wjtf5 61 dg ifxl dgj >161:mttq5,,sss"tf~hbcf"bgt,ql{t{,klihk{,7;;7836,K~h{h{)Hbohbhtf"mtij2

JÛQGU OF^EGFT* Jwh{ ]fhg~>11? ‚Mè~lg{* q{hkûqftf{ x iwtfbtg{’ %gb jébgf+" H{til" Klb{wjtf5 >3 dg if~ul dgj >166

: mttq5,,h{til"i},>11?,1;,mg~lg{\q{hklqftf{\x\iwtfbtg{,2

IFG[T^L* Eg{õ{‚Gj Dh{kw~{l bf~~fthl’ %gb jébgf+" Fkfdgihfgdhtl~hfj"kli" Klb{wjtf5 >3 dg if~ul dgj>166

:mttq5,,fkfdgihfgdhtl~hfj"kli,ki{,wqjlfd{,qdo,K~hthkf'>1mgtg~ldl}f,177'>1)'>1Hbt~ldwkkhlb'>1f'>1jf'>1tgl~hf'>1dg'>1jf'>1jhtg~ftw~f'>11?'>1)'>1Blgjf"qdo2

IFCCHB* Gjjhlt68=7 ‚[wqg~ifb fbd [wqg~nlx / Gj l~hcgb dg [wqg~nlx)Q~hig’ %gb jébgf+" Njlc dg

Jfd~lbKl~q{" Klb{wjtf5 >8 dg if~ul dgj >166

:mttq5,,jfd~lbkl~q{"njlc{qlt"kli,>161,66,dk)klihk{)q~g{gbt{)=3)68=7)jf"mtij2

VWGUFDF* L{kf~6886 ‚;" Jf c~fiæthkf {gihûthkf’" Gb [gihûthkf Cgbg~fthvf5 Nf{g{ Tgû~hkf{" Jhif5

Wbhg~{hdfd dg Jhif"

^WÉU NF^JGTT* Iftéf{‚Mè~lg klbt~f Mè~lg" Wbf kliqf~fkhûb gbt~g gj {wqg~mè~lg l~hgbtfj x lkkhdgbtfjklbtgiql~æbgl’ %gb jébgf+" _högtf{){wgjtf{"kli"f~ " Klb{wjtf5 >3 dg if~ul dgj >166

: mttq5,,sss"hbgtf{){wgjtf{"kli"f~,klbc~g{l,qdo,[wqg~mg~lg{,~whunf~jgtt"qdo2

_HD* C~wql Gdhtl~hfj68=3f ‚K~h{h{ gb jf{ Thg~~f{ Hbohbhtf{ 8’ %gb jébgf+" Tf~hbcf"bgt " Klb{wjtf5 ;1 {gthgin~g dgj>11=

:mttq5,,sss"tf~hbcf"bgt,ql{t{,klihk{,6437486,K~h{h{)gb)Thg~~f{)Hbohbhtf{)\Gb)G{qfblj\"mtij2

68=3n ‚K~h{h{ gb jf{ Thg~~f{ Hbohbhtf{ ?)6>’ %gb jébgf+" Tf~hbcf"bgt " Klb{wjtf5 ;1 {gthgin~g dgj>11=


_HJJL^HF* _éktl~‚Tgif 6;" ^gjfkhlbg{ {giæbthkf{ gbt~g qfjfn~f{’ %gb jébgfY" Q~lxgktl Fwjf" Klb{wjtf5>3 dg if~ul dgj >166



:mttq5,,jgbcwfxjhtg~ftw~f"l~c,in,hbdg}"qmq<lqthlb9kli\klbtgbt/tf{`9hgs/hd9;;>/Htgihd96=12

SH@HQGDHFF ‚[wqg~ifb’ %gb jébgf+" Sh`hqgdhf" Klb{wjtf5 ;1 dg fn~hj dgj >166

: mttq5,,g{"sh`hqgdhf"l~c,sh`h,[wqg~ifb2

N ‚Mh{tl~x lo [wqg~ifb’ %gb jébgf+" Sh`hqgdhf" Klb{wjtf5 ;1 dg fn~hj dgj >166:mttq5,,gb"sh`hqgdhf"l~c,sh`h,Mh{tl~x\lo\[wqg~ifb2

SLJOIFB* If~>11? ‚K~h{h{ Hbohbhtf5 F~kmhl{ x l~écgbg{ {gk~gtl{’ %gb jébgf+" Jf Jgxgbdf dg [tf~ Sf~{"

Klb{wjtf5 ; dg ifxl dgj >166:mttq5,,jfjgxgbdfdg{s"iol~l{"kli,6=744;>,46>6464)k~h{h{)hbohbhtf)kliqjgtl,2

UHBKL* Gdhkhlbg{

68=3f ‚K~h{h{ gb jf{ Thg~~f{ Hbohbhtf{ 6’ %gb jébgf+" Tf~hbcf"bgt " Klb{wjtf5 ;1 {gthgin~g dgj>11=:mttq5,,sss"tf~hbcf"bgt,ql{t{,klihk{,6437486,K~h{h{)gb)Thg~~f{)Hbohbhtf{)\Gb)G{qfblj\"mtij2

68=3n ‚K~h{h{ gb jf{ Thg~~f{ Hbohbhtf{ >)7’ %gb jébgf+" Tf~hbcf"bgt " Klb{wjtf5 ;1 {gthgin~g dgj>11=


Fbg}l{

Tétwjl5 K~h{h{ Hbohbhtf + 3Föl5 Ewbhl dgj >11?Gdhtl~hfj5 DK Klihk{Cwhûb5 Cgloo Elmb{Dhnwel5 Qmhj EhigbguQæchbf{5 >6)>4

ensayo semiotico de comic: crisis infinita # 7

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