enhanced parking structures - concrete structures

ENHANCED PARKINGSTRUCTURESIMPROVED DURABILITY ANDRELIABILITY WITH LESS COST

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Practical, beautiful, worry-free, andsustainable, precast concrete is themost-chosen parking garage type inthe United States. As one of thelargest and best-known producers of precast concrete parking garagesystems, High Concrete Group listenswhen customers speak. In answer, wehave enhanced our parking systemoffering with recent innovations thatmake precast garages more cost-effective, durable, and reliable thanever before. Together, they support anew design approach that anticipatesyour parking structure needs bothnow and into the future.

PracticalDesigners choose precast concrete formore than half of above-ground parkingstructures because it is a durable, cost-effective solution that installs quickly.

BeautifulChoose from an extensive palette of colors, textures, finishes, and veneers tocreate the best expression for your park-ing structure.

Worry-freeExpert design assistance and proven tech-nology assure a high-performance systemthat brings peace of mind.

SustainableToday's precast concrete can be madelighter in weight, so it contains lessembodied energy. Recycled content further reduces your project's carbonfootprint.

ENHANCED PARKING STRUCTURE: A NEW APPROACH.

H I G H C O N C R E T E 8 0 0 . P R E C A S T W W W . H I G H C O N C R E T E . C O M

Lehigh University Alumni Parking Garage

Allentown, Pennsylvania 315 vehicles, 102,500 sq. ft., five levels.

A design-build project, this contemporary structure blendseffortlessly with adjacent historic fieldstone buildings. The creative form work from this PCI Design Award winner was reused from a previous project.

New Brunswick Gateway Transit Village Garage

New Brunswick, New Jersey697 vehicles, 278,000 square feet, 10 levels.

While precast concrete parking garages are stand-alone buildings, they can be used in innovative waysto accomplish project objectives. Here, a 14-storybuilding was placed on top of a garage.

8 0 0 – P R E C A S T W W W . H I G H C O N C R E T E . C O M H I G H C O N C R E T E 3

Today’s precast concrete can be designedto be lighter in weight and lower inembodied energy than ever. Using the latest technologies, High Concrete Groupcan help reduce your project’s carbon foot-print and improve long-term performance.

CarbonCast® Double Tees for Long-term Durability Precast concrete is a durable and versatilebuilding material, but parking structuresare one of the most demanding applica-tions even for concrete. To extend servicelife and reduce maintenance costs, HighConcrete Group offers CarbonCastDouble Tees, with C-GRID® carbon fibermesh replacing conventional steel meshflange reinforcing.

CarbonCast is an excellent choice in theMid-Atlantic and Midwest, where it with-stands choride exposure from winterdeicing salts and coastal climates and can

be erected year-round. Because C-GRID isnon-corrosive, it eliminates double teeflange cracking and spalling caused whensteel mesh reinforcing corrodes.

CarbonCast Double Tees also require lessconcrete cover, and do not require sealerfor protection from chloride-laden water.The weight of a CarbonCast Double Tee

is about eight percent less than that of aconventional member, which represents asubstantial savings in embodied energyand greenhouse gas emissions associatedwith Portland cement.

High Concrete Group produces 12'-widedouble tees as well as 15'- and 16'-wideMEGA-Tees.TM The larger member sizeshelp to reduce shipping costs during theproject as well as the number of joints tobe maintained in the long term.

Fire-rated Double Tees with Four-inchFlangesFor years, parking structures with a two-hour fire rating required 4-3/4"-thick

double tee flanges, or tees made withspecial aggregates, to resist heat transmission. However, the InternationalBuilding Code (IBC) didn’t require shaftenclosures or fire-resistive joints, indicat-ing there was no intent to create a firebarrier between floors and ramps. With the 2015 IBC, this inconsistency has been corrected:

722.2.2.1 Reinforced and prestressedfloors and roofs. The minimum thicknessesof reinforced and prestressed concretefloor or roof slabs for fire-resistance ratingsof 1 hour to 4 hours are shown in Table722.2.2.1

Exception: Minimum thickness shall notbe required for floors and ramps withinopen and enclosed parking garages con-structed in accordance with Sections406.5 and 406.6, respectively.

The concrete cover requirement to protect reinforcement is still in force.

IMPROVING DURABILITY WHILE REDUCING COST.

Lancaster Central West Garage

Lancaster, Pennsylvania 405 vehicles, 151,200 sq. ft., seven levels.

Built with CarbonCast® Double Tees to ensure durability and low maintenance, this thin brick-clad design plays well with its 19th-century row home neighbors.

“We’ve done a good deal ofwork with structural precastconcrete. In our opinion, it’s lessexpensive than other parkinggarage systems in both initialand life-cycle costs. It madesense to go with the same system we’ve used before.”

Ross Ansel, Greenfield Architects

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4 H I G H C O N C R E T E

IMPROVING SEISMIC PERFORMANCE AND CRACK CONTROL.

Saint Joseph's University Hawk’s Landing Garage

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania442 vehicles, 135,000 sq. ft, six levels.

Embracing the notion of the garage as a gateway to the school,designers honored and interpreted Saint Joseph’s University’s richgothic architectural tradition by introducing stone-lined exteriorwalkways, brick groin vaults, and a thin brick veneer with a precast medallion.

"We chose precast for the originaldesign of the garage because it gave usmore flexibility than cast-in-place. Wealso thought it was the best, most eco-nomical system in terms of initial costand long-term maintenance.”

John Pringle, Burt Hill (Stantec)

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In their choice of the River Street Garagein Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, for BestParking Structure, PCI Design Awardjudges said, “This project was a unani-mous choice of the jury due to its inno-vative use of big, horizontal precastpieces. It creates a nice balance betweenheavy elements and light elements whileproviding an open design. The architectsdevised a unique design that workedvery well for this situation.”

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River Street Garage

Harrisburg, Pennsylvania850 vehicles, 285,000 sq. ft., eight levels.

The innovative spandrel design provides a striking visual and safe vehicle barriers while bringing daylight deep into the structure.

Post-Tensioned Lateral ReinforcementPost-tensioning can be used to provideeffective lateral load resistance. This is adesirable construction technique fordesigners who choose to do away withmost field-applied pour strips that bringthe potential for corrosion of diaphragmreinforcing steel.

Post-tensioned lateral reinforcement isuseful in all double tee applications up to15' and 16' widths. The flange portionsof adjacent prestressed double tee beamsare transversely post-tensioned together,replacing traditional methods used toresist lateral loads. Pour strips and cast-inreinforcing can be mostly eliminated,reducing costs, improving concrete quality,and shortening field erection schedules.

Post-tensioning standard conduit pass throughdouble tee stem blockout.

Precast stressing bulkhead resists post-tensoningforces.


Getting stormwater and snow melt outof a parking garage is a priority for own-ers and their customers. A nuisance anda potential safety hazard, standing watercan seep into concrete and attack thesteel reinforcement. Chloride-laden watercan accelerate the rusting process, short-ening the life of the parking structure.

To ensure longevity of the structure,water should drain from concrete surfacescompletely and be directed to in-floordrains. Integral washes, as opposed tofield-applied washes, improve deckintegrity and performance because thehigher strength precast concrete is moreimpermeable to water than cast-in-placeconcrete, and assures positive drainage.And, there is no joint between the pre-topped precast tee and a field-pouredwash where water can penetrate tocause joint failure and spalling as in acast-in-place wash.

Cast-in DrainsHigh Concrete Group’s design strategyleverages the high degree of control possiblein a factory environment. We cast industry-standard, heavy-duty cast iron drain bodiesinto double tee corners based on the park-ing garage area each must serve. Placed in

collectors at the proper elevation for positivedrainage, these drains do not rely onhand-finished drainage channels or washes.Cast-in drains also eliminate lower-strength,field-applied concrete that is less durablethan precast concrete.

To help move water to the drains, HighConcrete Group introduces warping tothe double tee ends to provide as muchas 3/16" slope per foot of width. If moreslope is required, the double tees may be post-tensioned transversely to resistcracking.

TeeCurbTM System StormwaterDeflectorAt the ends of the double tees, HighConcrete Group’s aesthetically-pleasingTeeCurb System provides an economicaland effective water barrier. Developed inconjunction with an ornamental metalexpert, the proprietary system preventsleaking, shadowing, and staining withoutexpensive concrete curbs, ski slopes, orpour strips.

TeeCurb seals out flowing water withcompressible silicone foam, preventing itfrom passing over the edge of the doubletee to lower levels and directing it towarddrains. Extruded aluminum channelssecurely fastened to the concrete surfacespan the width of each double tee; amatching slip-jointed sleeve connects theends where they meet. TeeCurb is easilyinstalled by on-site labor with standardtools. Located next to walls and spandrels,the system is out of the way of foot trafficand provides a neat, finished appearance.

Amtrak 30th Street Station Garage

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 1,525 vehicles, 495,000 sq. ft., nine levels.

After evaluating both prestressed precast, and post-tensioned cast-in-place systems, the design teamchose precast for its economy, aesthetics, and speedof construction. 15'-wide MEGA-TeesTM reduced thenumber of pieces that needed to be transported anderected, and the number of joints to be maintained.

DESIGNING GOOD DRAINAGE TO ENSURE NO STANDING WATER.

"The fact that an exit walkway wasrequired from the stair tower tothe street gave us an opportunityto create large-scale, monumentalgridwork on the eastern face ofthe garage.”

Michael Ytterberg, BLT Architects

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TeeCurbTM SystemStormwater Deflector

Drainage Depression

Cast-In Drain Body

Drain Pipe

Double Tee Flange Cast-in drains are positioned at the corners ofdouble tees.

The TeeCurb System directs stormwater to drainwithout expensive concrete curbs, ski slopes, orpour strips.

6 H I G H C O N C R E T E

High Concrete Group is dedicated to sus-tainable building. In addition to light-weight precast concrete components, weoffer admixtures and finishes to help youachieve your sustainability goals.

High Solar Reflectance ConcreteHigh Concrete Group offers a new highsolar reflectance index (SRI) concrete mixdesign of up to 82, that nearly doublesthe SRI of conventional precast concretesurfaces. The mix uses 75 percent whitecement and 25 percent ground granulatedblast furnace slag, a recycled material, forthe cementitious content. Local limestoneaggregates provided a neutral-coloredbase. High solar reflectance concrete cancontribute directly to Sustainable SitesCredit 7.1: Heat Island Effect: Non-Roof inthe USGBC’s LEED® Rating System.

ECastECast™ is a weight-saving precast con-crete that allows us to strategically tailorthe weight of precast members to yourspecific project requirements. Formulatedfrom lightweight sands and aggregates,

ECast helps todirectly reducetransportationcosts and fuel use.High ConcreteGroup uses ECastto optimize truck-loads, as whenweight adjust-

ments will allow two pieces to ship versusonly one. Weighing from 110 to 149pounds per cubic foot, ECast can alsoreduce the size of the crane needed toerect a building. Designing with light-weight ECast in mind can allow architectsto safely reduce a building’s foundationand superstructure requirements.

EcoMix®

EcoMix allows architects and designers toreduce cement-related carbon dioxide byup to 50 percent by displacing Portlandwith supplementary cementitious materi-als. These include ground granulated blastfurnace slag and silica fume that arederived from industrial waste stream prod-ucts. The materials may be used individu-ally or as a blend, and can improve thelight reflectance, workability and othercharacteristics of precast concrete. EcoMixcan contribute directly to credits in theUSGBC’s LEED® Rating System.

Recycled Aggregates from Wash OutHigh Concrete Group reclaims aggregatesand water for reuse in the production of

precast concrete.One of the few ofits kind in the indus-try, the systememploys vacuum fil-tration, a significantadvance over stan-

dard settling basin technology, that con-serves approximately 10,000 gallons ofwater per day that otherwise would belost to evaporation. All wash water fromtransport mechanisms, batching processmixers, trucks, and buckets is captured.Coarse and fine aggregates are settledout, and cement and other particles aretrapped for disposal. A system of tanksand weirs (spillover devices) controls thewater through various stages of treatmentand minimizes the risk of contaminantsescaping into the environment.

Applied VeneersThin brick veneer is an extremely populardesign option and an excellent sustainablealternative to traditional hand-laid installa-tions. Engineered for embedment in precast

concrete surfaces, the materials take as lit-tle as one-fifth the energy to produce astheir full-depth counterparts. Recentadvances capture convincing visuals thatcan be blended with hand-laid materials.With a three to six percent moistureabsorption rate, and with 5,000-plus psiprecast concrete forming the joints, thinbrick forms a very durable finish thatrequires no tuck pointing or sealing, andwon't crack, spall, split, or pop out overtime. Veneers of stone, tile, and othermaterials are also available.

MAKING PRECAST CONCRETE MORE SUSTAINABLE.

Pennsylvania Judicial Center Complex Garage

Harrisburg, Pennsylvania805 vehicles, 247,000 sq. ft., five levels.

The precast concrete components have alight and medium sandblast buff finish,which matches the Indiana limestone usedon the Harrisburg Judicial Center and theother buildings of the complex. At a distancethe precast looks like limestone, but at asignificant cost savings compared to usingreal limestone for the facade.

“We wanted the parking deck to lookas much like [the other buildings of the complex] as possible. We hid theramp inside the structure and utilizedsquare openings on the exterior tomimic windows.”JoAnn Jolin, Vitetta Group

Berwyn Municipal Parking Garage, Berwyn, Illinois.

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ENHANCED PARKING STRUCTURES DETAILS

Splice and Typical Joint


Backer Rod

Sealant

Double Tee

Double Tee

Tube-framed Screen

Lite Wall Opening

Double Tee


Lite Wall Closure

Lite Wall

SealantDouble Tee

Lite Wall Closure


Foam Seal

Tube-Framed Screenin Opening

Double Tee

Lite Wall

TeeCurbTM System—Splice and Typical JointElevation

TeeCurbTM System at Lite WallHorizontal Section

TeeCurbTM System at Lite WallPlan


Foam Seal

Double Tee

TeeCurbTM Stormwater Deflector DetailHorizontal Section

Trumpet Anchorage

Double Tee

Electrical Blockout

Access PortSealant

Barrel Anchors

Post-Tensioning Strand

Electrical Blockout

Precast Stressing Bulkhead

Backer Rod

Camber Clip

Post-Tensioned Tees—Precast Stressing BulkheadHorizontal Section

Post-Tensioning Strand

Joint

Double Tee Stem Double Tee

Precast Stressing Bulkhead

Post-Tensioned TeesPlan

TeeCurbTM Drainage SystemHorizontal Section


Drainage Depression

Cast-In Drain Body

Drain Pipe

Double Tee Flange

TeeCurbTM System with DrainPlan

Lite Wall Opening

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII


Cast-in Drain

Lite Wall

Lite Wall Closure

Drainage Depression

Double Tee

Tube-Framed Screen

Sealant Joint

Meet High—We provide Concrete Innovations & Answers®

CarbonCast is a registered trademark of AltusGroup, Inc. C-GRID is a registered trademark of Chomarat NA. LEED® is a registered trademark of the US Green Building Council.All other trademarks are the property of High Concrete Group LLC.

© High Concrete Group LLC

High Concrete Group LLCwww.highconcrete.com1.800.PRECAST (800.773.2278)[email protected]

125 Denver RoadDenver, PA 17517717.336.9300717.336.9301 (fax)

95 Mound Park DriveSpringboro, OH 45066

High Concrete Group offers productinnovation, proven technology, andmore than 50 years of architectural andstructural precast concrete experience.We provide technical support for eachstage of your project to help youachieve your design, cost, schedule,and lifecycle performance requirements.Serving Southern New England, the Mid-Atlantic, the Ohio Valley, and theMidwest, High Concrete Group is dedi-cated to bringing your designs to life.

Pretop

Field Topping

C-Grid® or Steel Mesh

Bearing Pad

Double Tee

Connector Plate System

Tooled Joint with Sealant

“L” Girder

Pretopped Tee-"L" Girder washHorizontal Section

ENHANCED PARKING STRUCTURES DETAILS

Pretop

Field Topping

C-Grid® or Steel Mesh

Bearing Pad

Double Tee

Connector Plate System

Tooled Joint with Sealant

Pretopped Tee— Inverted “T” Girder WashHorizontal Section

Bearing Pad

C-GRID ® or Steel Mesh

Double Tee

Sealant

Backer Rod

Spandrel

Optimized Spandrel Pocket BearingHorizontal Section

enhanced parking structures - concrete structures

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