engr-101 (section 33) week 01: introduction to test equipmentpyo22/engr101-2010-2011/engr...welcome...
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ENGR-101 (Section 33)
Week 01: Introduction to Test Equipment
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Today’s Agenda
14:00 Role CallWelcoming RemarksFun Motivation (Related YouTube Video)
14:15 Experiment 1: Display various waveforms (with Autoscale)
14:35 Experiment 2: Triggering
14:55 Experiment 3: Display Manipulation (without Autoscale)
15:15 Experiment 4: Reading measurements (with cursors)
15:35 Discussion Points
16:00 Adjourn
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Welcome to Drexel!• MEM Professor since August 2000• Director, Robotics Lab (street-level Bossone)• Advised teams who won design competitions• 5+ years of industry experience• Fellow at NASA, Office of Navy Research and Boeing• Served under POTUS at National Science Foundation• Email: [email protected]• Web: http://www.mem.drexel.edu/pauloh.html• TA: Robert Ellenberg ([email protected])
According to Beloit College Mindset, the Class of 2015 (born around 1992)….
When someone mentions Fergie, you think…
But I think of…
The former Sarah Ferguson, the Duchess of York
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Your first computer probably looked like
With a Pentium 3 CPU, 100+ MB Drive1+ MB RAM, CD-Rom
My first computer looked like this…
Cassette tape drive (hours to load a game),16K RAM, 8-bit CPU and what’s a CD-Rom?
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Popular TV shows when I was a kid…
But you probably know them as the following movies…
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Worldwide Optical Content 103 TBWorldwide Printed Content 1,633 TBUS Broadcast Media 14,893 TBWorldwide Film Content 420,254 TBInternet 532,897 TBWorldwide Magnetic Content 4,999,230 TBWorld Telephone Calls 17,200,000 TBElectronic Flow of New Info 17, 903, 340 TB
Giga = 10^6 Tera = 10^12 Peta = 10^15
The World of Tera
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Zettabytes is Tomorrow…
1 Petabyte1,000 TB or250,000 DVDs
200 TerabytesA digital library of all books ever written in any language
100 PentabytesThe amount of data produced in a single minute by a new Particle collider at CERN
1 Exabyte1,000 PB or250M DVDs
5 ExabytesA transcript of all words ever spoken
100 ExabytesA video recording of all the meetings that took place last yearall over the world
66 ZettabytesThe amount of visual information conveyed from the eyes to theBrain of the entire human race in a single year
1 Zettabyte1,000 EB or250B DVDs
1 Yottabyte1,000 ZB or250T DVDs
20 YottabytesA holographic snapshot of the earth’s surface
Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index Forecast 2007-2012
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Paradigm ShiftIn Design
Paradigm ShiftOld: Just-in-Case Teaching
New: Just-in-Time Learning
Paradigm Shift in Skill Development
Old: 3 R’s (Reading, Writing and Arithmetic)
New: 3 S’s (Search, Share and Simulate)
Paradigm Shifts in Teaching, Learning and Design
Rules of ThumbBuild PrototypesExpensive TestingDemonstrationPrototypingPrototyping SystemsFeasibility
Yesterday
Analytical Synthesis MethodsBuilding ModelsSimulationVisualizationRapid PrototypingVirtual RealityOptimal Solutions
Tomorrow
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Motivation for Today’s Lab
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TbuqKKvcziA&feature=related
Myth Buster: Can an opera singer shatter a wine glass?
How would you go about testing and demonstrating this?
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Experiment 1: Display various waveforms (with Autoscale)
Goal: Display sine wave at 1 kHz, 1 VPP, with 0 VDC offset
Step 1: • Connect one end of BNC cable on Function Generator’s “Output”• Connect other end to Oscilloscope’s Channel 1 connector
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Step 2: • Push “on” button• Push “sine” waveform button• Push “Freq” button and rotate dial until displays 1 kHz• Push “Ampl” button and rotate dial until displays 1 VPP• Push “Offset” button and rotate dial until displays 0 VDC
Step 3: • Press “Autoscale” button
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1-1: Sine wave, 20 kHz, 4 VPP, 2 VDC offset
1-2: Triangle wave, 50 Hz, 100 mVPP, 0 VDC offset
1-3: Ramp wave, max freq (~100 kHz), max amp (~20 VPP) 0 VDC offset
Exercises: Generate and display:
Lab Notebook: At 0 VDC Offset, what are the function generator’s
1-A: Max and min peak-to-peak voltage for sine? For ramp?1-B: Max and min frequency settings for sine? For ramp?
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Experiment 2: Triggering
Goal: Display the waveform when a voltage level is met
Step 1: • Generate ramp at 1 kHz, 2 VPP, 0 VDC offset• On oscilloscope, press “Autoscale”
Step 2: • On oscilloscope: Trigger – Mode - Auto
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Step 3: • Rotate “Level” knob to move the trigger (level) point up or down
Trigger Level
Exercise:
2-1: Rotate “Level” knob until trigger level is above the ramp. Document result inlab notebook. Explain why this happens.
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Experiment 3: Display Manipulation (without Autoscale)
Goal: Customizing the display
Step 1: • Generate sine wave at 1 kHz, 1 VPP, with 0 VDC offset
Step 2: • Rotate the Volts/div knob to zoom waveform• Rotate the Position knob to reposition waveform vertically
Shifts display
vertically
500 mV
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Step 3: • Rotate Time/div knob to display more “history” i.e. more humps• Rotate Delay knob to shift display horizontally
More history
200 uS
Period = 5*200 us = 1000 us = 1 ms
Frequency = 1/T so, have a 1 kHzsine wave
Exercise: Partner 1 randomly set generator (and cover display). Partner 2must capture, display and report signal frequency, VPP and Offset
3-1: Sine: f = 1 kHz to 20 kHz, VPP = 1 to 4 V, Offset = 0 to 2 VDC
3-2: Triangle: f = 1 Hz to 50 Hz, VPP = 10 mV to 100 mV at 0 VDC offset
3-3: Ramp: f = 10 kHz to 100 kHz, VPP = 2 to 20 V, 0 VDC offset
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Lab Notebook:
3-A: Rotate Time/div and record oscilloscope’s max and min time resolution3-B: Rotate Volts/div and record oscilloscope’s max and min voltage resolution
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Experiment 4: Reading measurements (with cursors)
Goal: Use voltage and time cursors to read measurements
Step 1: • Generate sine wave at 1 kHz, 1 VPP, with 0 VDC offset
Step 2: • Select Measure – Time - Cursor• Rotate knob to align first cursor. When finished, click cursor again• Rotate knob to align second cursor
Time Cursors
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Step 3: • Select Measure – Voltage - Cursor• Rotate knob to align first cursor. When finished, click cursor again• Rotate knob to align second cursor
Voltage Cursors
Exercise: Partner 1 randomly set generator (and cover display). Partner 2use cursors to report signal frequency, VPP and Offset
4-1: Sine: f = 1 kHz to 20 kHz, VPP = 1 to 4 V, Offset = 0 to 2 VDC
4-2: Triangle: f = 1 Hz to 50 Hz, VPP = 10 mV to 100 mV at 0 VDC offset
4-3: Ramp: f = 10 kHz to 100 kHz, VPP = 2 to 20 V, 0 VDC offset
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Discussion Points
Take Home Points:
• Understand and visualize output signals (hence function generator)• Question: Why only sine, square, ramp, triangle?• Hint: Fourier theorems, derivatives and integrals
• Measure signals (hence oscilloscope)• Question: What’s a transducer? • Hint: Oscilloscope only measures voltages
• Autoscale is nice feature but usually works for periodic signals
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Myth Busters Breaking Glass With Human Voice 1/3http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O9FrMkhQoA4
Myth Busters Breaking Glass With Human Voice 2/3http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nHSGd2X1nc8&feature=related
Myth Busters Breaking Glass With Human Voice 3/3http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXV45t6wlWU&feature=related
Myth Buster: Can an opera singer shatter a wine glass?
How would you go about testing and demonstrating this?
Things to think about: Resonance versus Amplification
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Source: http://www.intmath.com/Trigonometric-graphs/music.php
Doh-Ray-Mee-Fah-Soh-Lah-Tee-Doh(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
http://www.pianoeletronico.com.br/index-en.html
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Next Time: Week 02 – Shutter Speed Measurement
• Bring camera: A disposable camera will be disassembled• Search and read about disposable cameras
• http://www.ehow.com/how-does_5031419_disposable-cameras-made.html• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=emjm-HJAsME&feature=related
• Search how camera flashes work• http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/camera-flash1.htm
• What are coil guns and tasers?• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=epaMq1vee_c
• What is a film ASA rating and how does this relate to shutter speed?• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_speed• Roughly calculate the shutter speed needed for a disposable camera