english colonies are created
TRANSCRIPT
English Colonies are Created
1607-1733
Goals for LearningO To describe how the Jamestown colony
became a successful settlementO To Identify the Pilgrims and the Puritans and
where they settledO To explain how each English Colony came
into beingO To describe what life was like in colonial
timesO To recognize which colonies made up the
New England, middle, and southern regions
Establishing the Jamestown Colony
Section 1
Introduction O English arrived in Virginia in April
1607O They established Jamestown in May
1607
How did Conditions at Jamestown improve?
O There needed to be changes made quickly if there was going to be success
Captain John Smith 1580-1631
• He was an experienced military man
• He became the leader • He made everyone work
• If they did not, he would not feed them
• Tried to get along with the Powhatan tribe
• Ordered a blockhouse - a building used for
protection from attack; fort- to be built
• He was hurt in a gunpowder accident and had to return to England
to get proper care
How did Conditions at Jamestown improve?
O The colony struggled when Smith leftO They actually abandoned the
colony and tried to go homeO until more ships arrived with more
people and supplies in 1610
What happened when the Settlers Returned?
O There were three important eventsO Lord Delaware was made governor
O Governor is a person chosen to lead a group of people within a given area, such as a colony or a state
O He was a strong leaderO John Rolfe planted tobacco
O Jamestown now had a crop that was valuableO John Rolfe married Pocahontas
O She was a daughter of PowhatanO This improved the relationship with the tribe
Lord Delaware (1577-1618)
John Rolfe (1585-1622)
Pocahontas (1595-1617)
What happened when the Settlers Returned?
O TobaccoO It became very popular in Europe
O People wanted more, so more land was needed
O Colonists built plantations- large farms that grow huge amounts of a certain crop
What happened when the Settlers Returned?
O General Assembly was created in 1619O General assembly was a group
that makes laws for a larger groupO The Settlers would choose their
own representativesO A person who is given power to act for
others; a government with officials elected by the people
What happened when the Settlers Returned?
O People were getting rich and were wanting to leaveO The Virginia company brought 20
women over to marry and settleO Slaves were also brought from
Africa
The Pilgrims and the Puritans
Section 2
Introduction O Stock Companies helped with New World
ColonizationO Stock Company is a company that is
owned by people who own the company's stock. O People owned shares- a certificate bough from a
stock company that represents a certain part of ownership of the company
O The Companies are interested in trade and profit. The rewarded investors for the risks involved in settling a new Colony
O Investor- a person who lends money to a company; the investor hopes to receive more money back when the company makes money
Introduction O The Plymouth Company was a stock
company O There was a charter that granted
the company rights to settle in VirginiaO But the actually settled in New England
O It was a failure because of poor planning and the winter
Who were the Pilgrims?
The Pilgrims O They were people who had different
religious ideas then King James I of England. O They wanted to get away and flee
because they were being treated differentlyO It was expensive though
The Pilgrims O The Pilgrims Plan
O They formed a stock company and bought as many shares as they could
O They partnered with the London Company who was more establishedO They made a dealO The Pilgrims could settle on the land that
belonged to the London Company in VirginiaO They would have to work seven years and give all
profits to the CompanyO Then they were free to do as they please
The Pilgrims O The Pilgrims Plan
O The Pilgrims sailed on the Mayflower but their ship was blown off courseO In 1620 they reached the shores of
Cape CodO Founded a site called Plymouth
The Mayflower Compact
O They reached their destination (a place where one is going) O They were not bound to the charter this far
NorthO Elected a leader named John Carver
O He died and William Bradford was electedO They would choose their leaders
O Laws were now going to be passed by the majority of the peopleO Majority is a number greater than half the total
The Mayflower Compact
O Rule of the majorityO It is still part of our democratic government
O It is a government which the power is held by the people
O It was not able to solve all their problemsO Poor soilO Cold wintersO Heavy debtO Strict religion
O Plymouth had difficulty attracting new settler
The Puritans O They were a religious group like the
PilgrimsO They were unhappy with the king (King
Charles I) treated them O He did not approve of them and their
religion O They were even part of Parliament- a
group of people in England that make lawsO They were well educated
The Puritans O They decided to go to America
O They obtained a charter in the name of Massachusetts Bay
O The Colonists (1000) included teachers, doctors, lawyers, ministers, merchants, and gentlemen
O They had great planningO Gathered provisions- supplies
needed for a trip or voyage
The Puritans O Came to America with 15 ships
O Within a few years, 10,000 colonists followed them
O They believed in religious freedom but only for themselvesO All laws, dealing with religion, trade,
business and government were made by their beliefs
O Everyone else was expected to obey
The English Colonies GrowLesson 3
IntroductionO Charles I
O He was the king of England and started other colonies
O BoundariesO A real or imaginary marker that shows
what land a person hasO Under Charles, Nobles and landowners
could receive thisO Proprietor
O One who owns a colony
Introduction O George Calvert
O Proprietor of Maryland colony in 1632O Died before he was able to get the
charterO Cecilius Calvert received it and
established the ColonyO Wanted religious groups to worship as they
chose and did not make a state religionO Established equality (having the same rights
as others) for all religions O This happened in the Toleration Act of 1649
Charles I
Gorge Calvert
Cecilius Calvert
Rhode Island O Roger Williams
O He was a member of the puritan clergyO Clergy is a person given power by the
church to perform religious tasksO He fled the puritans O He established ProvidenceO In 1636 he went to England to get a
charter to protect itO Had Freedom of Religion
Connecticut O Thomas Hooker
O He was a pastor (a member of the clergy)
O He led a group to Connecticut Valley
O He started a settlement in Connecticut in 1636
O The people wrote the first constitution
Carolina O Established by several English nobles
O They approached the king and were granted a charter
O In Carolina, it was a warmer climate and you could grow different crops
O There were many quarrels among the nobility, the proprietors ended up selling the land to England which split up the area into north and south
New York O The original name was New NetherlandO Began as a Dutch colony in 1609O Grew slow because of their strict land
owning policyO Policy is a set of rules or an action plan
set forth by a person or groupO The land was owned by patrons - a dutch
land ownerO England wanted the land and took it over
O In 1664 it was renamed New York
New Hampshire O It was part of Massachusetts for 39
yearsO It was sold to the King of England
in 1675O It was a royal colony
O Did not have an elected government
Pennsylvania O William Penn
O He was a Quaker O Believed in equality of all peopleO Gave people rights to freedom of
religion and right to elect public officials
O He was given this charted because the King of England owed his father money.
Delaware O In 1682 Duke of York granted William
Penn the territory that would be known as DelawareO It was part of Pennsylvania though
O It gave Pennsylvania access (the ability to obtain or make use of something) to the Atlantic Ocean
O It eventually became the separate colony of Delaware in 1704
New Jersey O This was originally part of the land
claimed by the Duke of YorkO Two friends of the Duke were
interested in this area and it was split between themO East and West Jersey
O Eventually they came together in 1702 and was known as New Jersey
Georgia O History
O Prisons were overcrowded in England under George II rule
O James Oglethorpe O Asked for a colony where the poor and
unfortunate could settle when they left prisonO He was given a charter for land between
South Carolina and FloridaO Established in 1733
O Purpose of the ColonyO To be a buffer against the Spanish
