energy flow lesson 17.notebook - commack schools flow 17.pdf · models of energy flow 1. food...
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Energy flow lesson 17.notebook
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October 25, 2017
Food Chain Oct 127:28 AM
Energy Flowhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_RBHfjZsUQ&feature=BFa&list=SP8F2AF6D5E617BA4B&lf=list_related
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All living things need energy.
Making or getting energy is one of the characteristics of life.
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The source of energy for most life on Earth
is the sun
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One way to study the interactions between organisms in an ecosystem is to follow the flow of
energy
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Organisms can be classified into 2 different categories based on the way they get energy
• Autotroph (Producer)
• Heterotroph (Consumer)
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1. Autotroph (Producer)• An organism that collects energy from the sun or an inorganic substance and makes it’s own food.• Examples of inorganic substances are nitrogen and carbon dioxide
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Another name for autotroph is producer
Where do plants get energy
Where do plants get energy?Tap the image of the moon to watch the sun rise and see the plants begin to grow.
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2. Heterotroph (Consumer)• An organism that gets its food by consuming (eating) another organism
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Another name for heterotroph is consumer
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Heterotrophs can be classified into 5 groups
1. Herbivore2. Carnivore 3. Omnivore4. Scavengers5. Decomposers
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Herbivores • Eats only plants, fruits, and vegetables
Everything Needs to Eat! Plant eaters the "Herbivores"
Herbivores Eat PlantsDrag the food to the box next to the animal that eats it.
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Carnivore• Eats only meat
Carnivores Eat Other Animals
Carnivores Eat Other Animals
Drag the food to the box next to the animal that eats it.
Omnivores eat both plants and animals as their primary food source. Humans are omnivores.
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Omnivore• Eats both meat and plants
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ScavengersEat the remains of dead animalsHelp decomposersVital for ecosystem stability
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Decomposers• Break down dead plants and animals into nutrients• Very important for the recycling of nutrients in an ecosystem
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Models of Energy Flow
• Ecologists use models to simplify the relationships between organisms• Each step in these models is call a trophic level • Producers make up the first level in all ecosystems
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Models of Energy Flow
1. Food Chains
2. Food Webs
3. Energy Pyramids
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1. Food Chains• A simple model that shows energy flow from one organism to another
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Food Chain
The grass gets energy from the sunThe rabbit gets energy from the grassThe hawk gets energy from the rabbit
RabbitGrass Hawk
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• Which organism is a carnivore?•• Which organism is a producer?•• Which organism is a herbivore?
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Create a Food Chain.
Create a Food ChainDrag each animal to the correct part of the screen using the example provided.
Example
The Food Chain
Tap each organism to see the trophic level.
Trophic Level
“Carnivore”
“Herbivore”
“Autotroph”
The Food Chain
What do we have more of: Plants? Herbivores? Or Carnivores?
What do we have more of: plants, herbivores, or carnivores?Drag the picture in a proper order in the boxes below.
What does an animal do with the energy it gets from the food it eats?
What does an animal do with the energy it gets from food?Write your ideas then pull the tabs for answers.
Finding food
Running away frompredators
Metabolism (breathing, keeping the heart beating, etc…)
Reproduction
How much energy is lost?
How much energy is lost?
Drag the slider to guess the percentage of energy transferred from one trophic level to the next. When finished, pull the tab.
Rule of 10%About 10% of the sunlight energy captured by the plant goes into plant growth. Only 10% of the energy in the plant provides energy to herbivores.
Why are there more plants than animals?
Why are there more plants than animals?Fill in the correct numbers into each blankbox.
500 lbs makes makes
1,500 lbs makes makes
1,500 lbs makes 150 lbs makes 15 lbs500 lbs makes 50 lbs makes 5 lbs
100 lbs makes 10 lbs makes 1 lb
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Why does each organism release
heat into it’s environment?
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Food Chain
• If we removed the hawk from the food chain what effect would it have on the rabbit population?• Would the ecosystem be stable?
RabbitGrass Hawk
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2. Food Webs• A more complex model showing the energy flow from one organism to another and the interconnectedness of many food chains
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The arrows show the flow of energy
How many food chains do you see in the web of Highlight each with a different color
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• The frog gets it’s energy from the ________• What eats the frog?• What does the snake eat?• Which organism is a producer?• Which organisms are herbivores?
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Energy Pyramids• or food pyramid, each level of the pyramid shows the amount of energy available• As you move up the pyramid, the amount of energy available decreases• The bottom level of the pyramid is always an autotroph or producer
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Build Your Own Pyramid
Build Your Own Pyramid
Drag and drop the levels of the pyramid to build a food chain.
Build Your Own Pyramid( Correct Answer )
Build Your Own Pyramid Answer Page
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The total amount of living matter in each level is called biomass
Thirdlevel consumer ex:
Secondary consumer ex:
Primary consumer ex:
Primary producer ex:
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Practice
1. The energy for use by organisms in level A originally comes from
(1) producers (3) level B(2) the Sun (4) level D
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• Which type of organism can obtain energy directly from any other organism in an ecosystem?(1) herbivore (2) decomposer
(3) producer (4) carnivore
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3.
A continuous decrease in the size of the rabbit population would most likely cause a decrease in which other population?
(1) frog (3) grass(2) cricket (4) mountain lion