endre sik - theory of migration - the migration network
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Theory of MigrationTRANSCRIPT
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THEORY OF MIGRATION
Endre Sik: The migration network
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Introduction
� Network created through human relations is a big advantage during the migration process
� Case study:� Áron Tamási: Ábel in America (20th century)
� A business woman at the Hungarian-Ukrainian border (21st century)
� Importance of the chain migration in the network theories� Thomas and Znaniecki:
� shows some transnational processes and
� the mutual influence between the migrant and its family
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Why is network so important
during migration processes?
� Increases trust – without costs
� Helps the usage of information
� Decreases the costs and risks
� Helps the integration process
� Ideal-typical examples:� Refugee
� Planned migration
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Hungarian examples
� Illegal work in Hungary and in foreign countries� To do everything together -> cutting the costs
� Emigration� See the case study of Bertalanné
� Immigration� Dissidant
� Transnational global citizen
� Human trafficking
� From seasonal work to settling
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The role of the network –
conclusion� Network: is an independent, social unity
� Tilly: inert strength of networks
� Role of the network:� at the arrival
� residing
� looking for a job etc.
� Helps to create identity
� Italians in America
� Hungarians abroad
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The bad effects of the
network� Exploiting (Chinese in San Francisco)� A hutch� Exclusive� Xenophobia, ethnocentrism, fundamentalism-> Defence: with migrationThe effects of ethnosurvey:- Massey-Espinoza, Massey-Singer: Mexicans- Palloni et al: does network increase the
probability of migration?- Massey et al: the maintenance of the migration
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� Migration as crisis� Migration is planable, but risky and it has a long-
term effect on the person (sometimes the family)
� Information gathering is needed -> to make capital from the relations
� Networks have more role in illegal migrations
� The migration network� Consciously created networks
� Can we analyze seperately the migration network? –Yes
� Broader concept of migration network
� Potential migrants can have migration network too
� Two types of migration network