Endocrine systemAnatomy and Pregnancy/ Delivery

FEMALE ANATOMY

• *FEMALE 3-D VIRTUAL • *Female Anatomy Label Activity • *Female Reproductive Label Activity

QUESTIONS ON FEMALE ANATOMY OR TOPIC??• A human female typically has about 400,000

follicles/potential eggs, all formed before birth. • Only several hundred (about 480) of these “eggs” will

actually ever be released during her reproductive years (Puberty – Menopause)• Normally, in humans, after the onset of puberty, due to

the stimulation of follicular-stimulating-hormone (FSH) one “egg” per cycle matures and is released from its ovary. • Each Menstrual Cycle lasts 28 Days – Each Cycle the Left

& Right ovary take turns and will release a potential egg• • (FREEZING EGGS?? COST)

FEMALE ANATOMY / CONCERNS• Pre-Menstrual Syndrome: Nervous tension, mood swings,

headaches, bloating, and irritability

• Toxic Shock Syndrome – Tampon Use (Rare)

• Puberty – Sexual Maturity – Ovaries release Mature Eggs

• Menopause – Ovaries no longer release Mature Eggs

• ESTROGEN - FEMALE SEX HORMONE

Male Anatomy

• MALE 3-D VIRTUAL• ERECTION PROCESS• PRE-EJACULATE QUESTIONS?• Male Labeling Activity

QUESTIONS ON MALE ANATOMY OR TOPIC??

•For humans, entire process of spermatogenesis takes 74 days. Including the transport on ductal system, it takes 3 months. Testes produce 200 to 300 million spermatozoa daily

•Prostate Health is of particular concern for Male’s after middle-aged years (45 +)

•Mixture of Sperm Cells and other Fluids = SEMEN

ANAL FACTS - RISKS• Prevalence: 5% to 10% of sexually active women

engage in receptive anal intercourse – This number is rising!

• For heterosexual couples, pregnancy can occur if semen is deposited near the opening to the vagina.

• Studies have suggested that anal exposure to HIV poses 30 times more risk for the receptive partner than vaginal exposure.

WEB MD

1. The anus lacks the natural lubrication the vagina produces - Penetration can tear the tissue inside the anus, allowing bacteria and viruses to enter the bloodstream more easily.

2. The anus was designed to hold in feces. The anus is surrounded with a ring-like muscle, called the anal sphincter, which tightens after we defecate. Repetitive anal penetration may lead to weakening of the anal sphincter.

3. The anus is full of bacteria. Even if both partners do not have a sexually-transmitted infection or disease, bacteria normally in the anus can potentially cause infections . Vaginal penetration after anal penetration can also lead to vaginal and urinary tract infections.

4. Oral Contact with the anus can put both partners at risk for hepatitis, herpes, HPV, and other harmful infections.

WEB MD

Anal Intercourse has Several Health Risks:

The beginning of the life cycle

The Beginning of the Life Cycle

Hormones / Glands / Cells•Gene: is a section of a chromosome that determines or affects a characteristic or trait

•Chromosome: tiny structures within cells that carry information about the characteristics you will inherit

•Hormone: a chemical messenger produced by an endocrine gland

•Endocrine gland: An organ that produces and releases chemical substance (hormones) directly into the bloodstream

•Hypothalamus: Controls many of the Pituitary Gland Functions; and controls the body’s water levels.

•Pituitary Gland: pea-sized endocrine gland in the brain that controls growth, reproduction & Metabolism

United We Stand – Birth Control

• OVULATION: EGG/OVULATION

• Fertilization- surface of the egg changes so no other sperm enter the egg

• FERTILIZATION

Developing Baby • The Zygote - the united egg and sperm (Immediately after

Fertilization through 36-48 hours)

• Cell Division - from the two-cell stage until about nine weeks after fertilization it is called an EMBRYO (48 hours – 9 Weeks)

• The Blastocyst (5 days after fertilization, the 50-100 cell structure attaches to the uterus) - a sphere of cells surrounding a hollow center (PG. 488-499)

• Implantation- the blastocyst attaches itself to the wall of the uterus, this process is called implantation.

•Ectopic Pregnancy (Tubal)• Around 9 WEEKS UNTIL BIRTH – the developing human is called a FETUS.

Stages of Development:

4-8 weeks

• Length is 1.5 inches• Skin and other organ are

developing• Arms, fingers, legs and toes are forming.

10-13 weeks

• Length is 8inches

• Weight is 6oz.

• From the third month to birth the developing human is called a fetus

PG. 491

13-16 weeks

• Length is about 12 inches• Weight is 1 pound• Eyelashes and nails

appear• Heartbeat can be heard

In the WOMB:

28 weeks

31 weeks• 9 Months

Twins pg. 502-503

Around 20 weeks the mother will have an ultrasound.

Weight gain during pregnancy is around 25-35 pounds.

• Amniotic fulid-4 lbs.• Uterus- 2 lbs.• Breasts-3 lbs.• Increased fat-3-5 lbs.• Lean body mass-2 lbs.• Fetus 7-8 lbs.• Other increased body fluids

STAGES of BIRTH:

• Labor Delivery Afterbirth• Postpartum period: During the first six weeks

after delivery many changes take place. (Hormone Imbalances and irregularities)PG. 500• Miscarriage - an embryo or fetus dies in the first

20 weeks of pregnancy• Premature Birth: a live baby is delivered before

the 37th week of pregnancy

The 3 Step Birth Process: VIDEO

• Labor: During this stage strong contractions of the uterus cause the cervix to dilate.• Delivery of Baby: Can take anywhere from

½ to over 2 hours• Deliver of afterbirth: Contractions of the

uterus push out the placenta. PG 499

Cesarean Section: VIDEO

Vaginal Delivery: VIDEO

Newborn

• Positional plagiocephaly is the medical term for the twisting or flattening of a baby's head. It is usually called flat head, and results primarily when the infant lies in one position for extended periods.

Cord-Blood Banking

• What are blood-forming stem cells? These are primitive (early) cells found primarily in the bone marrow that are capable of developing into the three types of mature blood cells present in our blood - red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Cord-blood stem cells may also have the potential to give rise to other cell types in the body.

BABY PROJECT$$$$ COST OF RAISING A

BABY• IN GROUPS – Research how much it may cost to raise a baby in today’s society.

• Hand-Out

•GOOD LUCK!

Statistics for the Cost of raising a child in the United States•$100,000 to raise a child from birth to 17 if the family income is under $100,000.•$234,900 to raise a child from birth to 17 if the family income is $100,000.•$389,670 to raise a child from birth to 17 if the family income is over $100,000.•7.2 billion people in the world now – projected to be 9.6 billion by 2050.•Birth rates declining in strong economic countries – increasing in the least developed countries.•Five cheapest places to raise a child in the United States: New Orleans, Philadelphia, Miami, Oklahoma City, Las Vegas •Seven biggest expenses: Gasoline, Groceries, Children’s activities, Health insurance, Auto insurance, Clothes, Technology