encyclopedias compendia of knowledge. definitions 1. the circle of learning; a general course of...
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Encyclopedias
Compendia of Knowledge
Definitions
1. The circle of learning; a general course of instruction.
2. A literary work containing extensive information on all branches of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order.
3. An elaborate and exhaustive repertory of information on all the branches of some particular art or department of knowledge; esp. one arranged in alphabetical order.
-From the OED
Definitions
Compendium of knowledge, either general (attempting to cover all fields) or specialized (aiming to be comprehensive in a particular field). (The Columbia Encyclopedia)
I have a question about…Try an Encyclopedia if… I’m interested in locating an overview of the
civil rights movement in the United States during the 1950s. Do you have a book on this?
I need to write a paper on thermonuclear dynamics for my freshman physics class. Where can I find a brief introduction?
What is life like living on a Kibbutz?
Types of questions for which an Encyclopedia may be useful General background information Ready reference Quick Overviews
Goals of an Encyclopedia
To provide a summarized compendium of multidisciplinary knowledge in a verifiable, organized and readily accessible manner.
Allows users to meet their information needs on a general level, and then on a specific level by pointing to additional resources (Bopp and Smith)
Types of Encyclopedias
General – Data from all branches of knowledge World Book Encyclopedia Britannica Encyclopedia Americana Collier’s Funk and Wagnalls
Types of Encyclopedias
Subject Specific –Specialized and narrows information down to a specific topic
Various subjects and subject-specific encyclopedias include: Art – The Dictionary of Art – 34 volumes,
41,000 entries Folklore –An encyclopedia of Beliefs,
Customs, Tales, Music and Art History – Civilization of the Ancient
Mediterranean: Greece and Rome
Types of Encyclopedias
Library Science: Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science
Music – The New Grove II Dictionary of Music and Musicians Online – 29 vols.
Philosophy – Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy – 10 vols.
Science – The McGraw Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology
Types of Encyclopedias
Other Subject Specific examples include: Encyclopedia of Homelessness Encyclopedia of Religion Encyclopedia of the World’s Zoos And hundreds if not thousands of others
Types of Encyclopedias
Children and Young Adult World Book – Ages 10-16 Childcraft – published by World Book,
intended for preschool-aged children The New Book of Knowledge – Ages 7-13
Types of Encyclopedias – Foreign-Language
French: Grand Dictionnaire Encyclopedique Larousse
Frances’ “Encyclopedia Britannica” German: Brockhaus Enzyklopadie
Originally written to address “women’s issues” Written for the “common man” Served as model for the early Americana and
Chamber’s Encyclopedia
Types of Encyclopedias – Foreign-Language Italian: Enciclopedia Europa
Brief, specific coverage of Italian and European History, Culture and Science
Longer companion articles with considerable substance
Excellent illustrations Spanish-Nueva Enciclopedia Cumbre en Linea
For young people and adults 15,000 entires, 8,000 illustrations Articles are international-oriented with Latin American
focus
Evaluating Encyclopedias: Scope
General Encyclopedias Age Level –
Grade and High School (World Book), Adult – (Britannica) All encyclopedias cannot be meet all needs
Evaluating Encyclopedias: Authority
Names of scholars and experts Quick Check
Recognition of prominent names in field Are leaders of the in the field represented in
contributor’s list? Contributor’s qualifications – degree, association,
position, etc. Currency Accuracy Relatively objective
Evaluating Encyclopedias: Currency
The edition cannot be used to establish currency – ex. Britannica 14 ed.-1929, 15 ed. 1974.
Continuous Revision: Many large publishers claim to revise 5-10% of work annually. Revision dates can be found on the verso page of a
specific volume. Supplements: Yearbooks – Provide updates to
current events, year in review Information in yearbooks is not always incorporated
into future revision
Evaluating Encyclopedias: Currency
Digital CDs: Publisher may send updates annually Online: Resources may be updated daily,
weekly or monthly
Evaluating Encyclopedias: Arrangement and Entry Print
Alphabetical order Cross references
Terms may be highlighted in bold lettering indicating the term has its own entry
Index Some argue that a “See also” can eliminate the
index. Too many terms can complicate locating entries.
Evaluating Encyclopedias: Format
Electronic Reaches a greater number of users Users must be computer literate Databases – annual costs
Evaluating Encyclopedias: Format
Print Ease of use/ ability to browse Not updated as frequently as electronic resources Continued access Trace treatment of subject over time
Evaluating Encyclopedias: Cost
Encyclopedias are often discounted to libraries
5-6% of encyclopedia sales are to libraries Publishers benefit from the public seeing its
encyclopedias in the library
Evaluating Encyclopedias: Review Sources Kister’s Best Encyclopedias – a comparative guide to
general and specialized encyclopedias: Subject Encyclopedias – Last update – 1994 30 broad subjects areas including: Biology and Animal
Life, Theatre and Dance Annotated entries in alphabetical order
ARBA Online and ARBA in print Book Index with Reviews Booklist: Special Encyclopedia Update
September Issue