emerging energy technologies
DESCRIPTION
Emerging Energy Technologies. Gerry Braun PANC 2011 Annual Seminar May 16, 2011. Outline. Decentralized Energy - Governor Brown’s Clean Energy and Jobs Plan Momentum - Utility Scale Renewable Energy Acceleration - Building Integrated Electric Systems - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Emerging Energy Technologies
Gerry BraunPANC 2011 Annual Seminar
May 16, 2011
Outline• Decentralized Energy - Governor Brown’s Clean
Energy and Jobs Plan• Momentum - Utility Scale Renewable Energy• Acceleration - Building Integrated Electric
Systems• Managing Diversity - Communities at the Energy
Crossroads• Convergent Industries – Energy and Information
Governor Brown’s Clean Energy and Jobs Plan – Renewable Integration Elements
Build 12,000 Megawatts of Localized Electricity Generation
Build 8,000 Megawatts of Large Scale Renewables & Necessary Transmission Lines
Deal with Peak Energy Needs and Develop Energy Storage
Create New Efficiency Standards for New Buildings Make Existing Buildings More Efficient Adopt Stronger Appliance Efficiency Standards Develop 6500 Megawatts of Combined Heat & Power
(CHP) Projects Appoint a Renewable Energy Jobs Czar
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Renewable Energy Supply Menu
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√ = primary application
√ = secondary application Utility-Scale Renewables RE Secure Communities RE Secure Buildings
Technology/ Resource Utility-scale power plants and bio-refineries
Smaller energy plants exploiting high-quality local
resources
Modular systems for building and industrial power, heat,
cooling and lighting
Wind Power Plants √ √Geothermal Power √ √
Hi Temp Solar Thermal √ √ √
Biomass Power √ √ √
Water √ √Solar PV √ √ √DG Wind √ √RE Space/Water Heating √ √Direct Geothermal √ √
Geothermal Heat Pumps √ √Biofuels √ √ √
Energy Storage √ √
Deployment Venues
California Renewable Electricity Supply Curve
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Figure 1California Renewable Energy Supply Curves
by Major Resource Type (Busbar $/MWh)
$0
$20
$40
$60
$80
$100
$120
$140
$160
$180
$200
$220
0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000
GWh Available
$/M
Wh
Solar ThermalHydro - SmallBiomassGeothermalWind
Source: Energy and Environmental Economics, http://www.ethree.com/public_projects/cpuc2.html
Long Term California Utility Scale Renewable Electricity Supply Portfolio
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High temperature thermal energy storage can be used to configure concentrating thermal power plantsfor peaking, intermediate and even seasonal base-load capability. Off shore wind plants have higher capacity factors and greater predictability than on shore plants. Geothermal plants can be configured for ramping capability.
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Renewable Energy Secure Building Concept
Source: BP Solar
Vision for PEV Market Expansion
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Source: http://www.evcollaborative.org/strategic-plan
DRAFTCalifornia Renewable Energy Collaborative • University of California
RESCO
Vision for Renewable-based Energy Secure Communities (RESCO)
Solar PVWind
Biomass
Biogas
Energy Storage
Geothermal
Community
Smart Grid
Solar heating & cooling
Energy Efficiency
Low-impact small hydro
California wants all new residential and commercial buildings to be net zero by 2020 and 2030. In some contexts, net zero communities may make even more practical and economic sense. Relative to large renewable power plants, community based renewable sources may help avoid rather than require new electric transmission infrastructure. They bring into play high quality clean energy resources that would not receive development attention otherwise, in many cases with locally acceptable or negligible environmental impact.
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Renewable Energy Secure Community (RESCO) Building
Blocks
Source: California Energy Commission
Economic Impact of Indigenous Energy
• Iceland is a volcanic island and a micro-state surrounded by the North-Atlantic Ocean (103.000 km2) with a total population of only 320.000 inhabitants (cf. California at 403,934 km2)
• During the course of the 20th Century Iceland changed from being among Europe’s poorest countries, depending upon peat and imported coal for its energy, to a country with the world highest living standard (with Norway)
• A substantial part of Iceland prosperity in the latter half of the 20th century can be attributed to increased use of indigenous renewable energy sources
• Iceland is now on a mission to eliminate the use of fossil fuels over the next few decades
West Village Energy Initiative Goals
• Affordable living for 5000 UC Davis faculty and students
• Zero net energy from the regional grid on an annual basis
• Hyper energy conservation measures• Multiple community scale renewable resources• Smart grid functionality• No higher cost to the developer or customerFirst phase in construction for occupancy in Fall, 2011
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21st Century Renewable Energy Deployment Scenarios
2010 2015 2020 2025 20300
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California Renewable Energy Penetration - Comparison of Full Menu and Current Trends
Full Menu
Current Trends
Per
cent
age
2010 2015 2020 2025 20300
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10
15
20
25
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California Renewable Energy Penetration - Full Menu Scenario
Community (1-20MW)
Building (<1MW)
Utility (>20MW)
Perc
enta
ge
20th Century Grid• Centralized electricity supply• One way power flow at the meter and up-
stream• “Revenue” metering• Price signals packaged in monthly bills• Consumer cost build-up:
– Electric and gas energy priced according to usage period
– Capacity priced according to peak demand during billing period
– Indirect costs allocated according to customer category
• Regulatory interest in protecting the utility’s access to low cost capital
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DRAFTCalifornia Renewable Energy Collaborative • University of California
Relevant Models and ConceptsAdaptive:• Smart Sub-station• Distributed Utility• Net metering• Demand Response
(DR)• Micro-grid• Virtual Power Plant• Virtual Net Metering• Integrated Renewable
Energy Systems
Transformative:• Net Zero Energy
and/or Renewable Energy Secure Buildings
• Net Zero Community (Energy or Carbon)
• Renewable Energy Secure Communities
• Continuously Dispatchable Demand Response
• Microgrid Networks14
Adaptive = Utilities and regulators lead implementationTransformative = Energy consumers and competitive energy suppliers lead implementation
21st Century Grid• Distributed and centralized electricity
supply• Bi-directional power flow at the meter and
upstream• Pervasive “net” metering and “smart”
meters• Actionable real time price information plus
automated response at the point of use• Consumer cost build-up:
– Electricity and gas purchases for specific uses at specific times
– Levelized payments on energy supply and efficiency investments
– Opportunity costs related to “use or sell” decisions
• Policy interest in infrastructure modernization
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Conclusions - 1• California can pioneer the effective
integration of utility, community and building scale renewable electricity generation, using natural gas as a bridge fuel.
• Utility scale solar, high temperature storage, off shore wind and new geothermal resources will allow reliable and efficient operation of California’s current high voltage transmission system
• California’s current transmission infrastructure must be modernized to accommodate this low carbon supply mix
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Conclusions - 2• The market for building integrated electric
systems able to charge electric vehicles and optimize the economic value of integrated supply and storage can accelerate rapidly where it is enabled to operate.
• Communities will be at the nexus of energy infrastructure transformation and have the opportunity to gain economic advantage by learning to manage an expanding diversity of new energy supply, delivery, usage and financing options.
• Energy related industries will be a market for information industry solutions, opening major opportunities for both.
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