KEG O R G E WA R R E N B R O WN

SC H O O L O F SO C I A L W O R

Emergency Relief in Haiti

Development Practice in International Settings

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Context

3 Reports

4Evaluation

5Alternative

Linda

Linda

Colleen

Colleen

Tae-yoon & Colleen

1 IntroductionColleen

1 IntroductionColleen

Natural disastersComplex emergencies

1 IntroductionColleen

Natural disasters

1 IntroductionColleen

Natural disastersGlobal warmingDeforestationSoil erosionUnsustainable development

1 IntroductionColleen

Complex emergencies

1989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007( Uppsala Universitet)

1 IntroductionColleen

Complex emergenciesPovertyPopulation pressureConflictsDevelopment traps

2Co

ntex

tCo

lleen

2Co

ntex

tCo

lleen

Conventional form: Republic of Haiti

Official Languages: Creole, French

Government type: Republic

Religions:

Population:

Ethnic Groups:

Age Structure:

Black 95%

Roman Catholic 80% Protestant

0-14 38.1% 15-64 58.5%

16%

Other 3%None 1%

Mulatto & White 5%9.5 million

Haiti

2Co

ntex

tCo

lleen

PovertyPoorest country in the Americas80% live below the poverty line. 54% live in abject poverty.

Economy

Abject poverty

Poverty line

80%

54%

Household income distributionlowest 10% is 0.7%highest 10% is 47.7%

47.7%

0.7%

2Co

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lleen

Labor force

agriculture: 66%(coffee, mangoes, sugarcane, rice, corn, sorghum)

industry: 9%(sugar refining, flour milling, textiles, cement, light assembly based on imported parts)

services: 25%

Economy

2Co

ntex

tCo

lleenTransportation

Airports• total: 14 (4 paved runways)

Roadways• total: 4,160 km (paved: 1,011 km, unpaved: 3,149 km)

• Colleen, do you have any maps about this?

2Co

ntex

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lleen

Taken over by Spanish settlement

Ceded to the French

Haitian Revolution

Gained independence

U.S. Marine occupation

CoupJoined the Caribbean Community (Caricom)

National presidential election

1492 1697 1791 1804 1915-1934 1991 2002 2006

Political climate

2Co

ntex

tCo

lleen

InternationalRelation

FranceCultural tiesLimited contracts between Haiti and other dependencies

Dominican RepublicHistory of mutual suspicion“Push and Pull” factors of migrationFree trade zone established in 2003

United StatesPowerful economic and political influencePrimary trading partner for imports and exportsMultiple attempts to curtail migration of economic refugees

2Co

ntex

tCo

lleen

Earthquake 8.1 with tsunami

Hazel

Flora

Emily

Gordon

GeorgeFay

Gustav

Hanna

Ike

Earthquake 7.0

1946 1954 1963 1980 1994 1998 2004 2008

Jeanne

2010

History of Disaster