emasf_numero_5

8/7/2019 EMASF_NUMERO_5

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KipC% Xksgprf Bgjgrfe bk Kb{`f`gm Cpg`f- Fn 6% M{i- ; $a{egn)fjnprn bk 8?6?'GPPM1 6747)40?2 Bkpgrn Ekjfe1 A 432)8??7

8

MBG@K

KBGRNXGFE-

BFMGKE HKXBKAN BKE CXKPMN- Hglkfhgegrw1 {m m{ksn `nm`krn bk kb{`f`gmsgfe km efp kp`{kefp-

XNHKXRN _XKQ _FPR[X- Inbgcg`f`gm bk ef `nmb{`rf bk {mf `efpk bkKb{`f`gm Cpg`f1 [rgegqf`gm bk kprxfrkjgfp pg`nejg`fp w kbfjjg`fp fxfbgpigm{gx ke rgkin bk kxifmkm`gf km skpr{fxgnp-

IFM[KE XNBXJ[KQ FHXK[- [mgbfb bgb`rg`f hgegmjk1 bn wn{ efw rkmmgp>

X[HM MFSFXXN _FRM- Bk efp dfhgegbfbkp w bkprxkqfp hpg`fp fe bknxrk`nek`rgsn- [mf Feg`f`gm x`rg`f `nm ke hfenmifmn fxf ke xgikx `g`en bkef Kb{`f`gm _xgifxgf-

AKPP E_KQ _F@DK@N- [mgbfb bgb`rg`f (Bfmqfp bke i{mbn(

Kbgrnx1 A{fm @fxenp I{nq BfqKbg`gm1 drr1..kifpc-zkh`gmbfxgn-`ni@nxxkn1 kifpc-`nxxknOjifge-`niAfm $Kpff'

Ck`df bk gmg`gn1 60)6?)8??7Bkpgrn ekjfe1 A 432)8??7

GPPM1 6747)40?2


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0

KBGRNXGFE

RNBN SFEK KM EFP @EFPKP BK KB[@F@GM CPG@F>

@nm ef eekjfbf bk ef ENJPK $677?' ke `{xx`{en pk rxfmpcnxif% bk {m `fx`rkxkigmkmrkikmrk `kxxfbn% km bnmbk efp fbigmgprxf`gnmkp kb{`frgsfp bkrfeefm `{ekppnm efp kmpkfmqfp v{k bkhkm xk`ghgx enp fe{imnp% pk fpf f {m `{xx`{en ipcektghek% fdnxf pk efmrkfm {mnp kekikmrnp `{xxg`{efxkp ip fhgkxrnp fxf v{k pkfmfbfrfbnp f efp mk`kpgbfbkp bk enp mgnp w efp `gx`{mprfm`gfp v{k kms{keskm p{kmrnxmn- Kprk efmrkfigkmrn pgj{k sgjkmrk `nm ef ENK $8??3'- Pg hgkm {m `{xx`{en`kxxfbn rkmf jxfmbkp egigrf`gnmkp% {mn fhgkxrn rfihgm efp df ifmgckprfbn-

Ke ekjgpefbnx gmrkxxkr v{k ke bn`kmrk bgpnmf bk {mf xkfxf`gm r`mg`fp{cg`gkmrk `nin fxf fhnxbfx enp fpk`rnp bk bgpkn w xnjxfif`gm `{xxg`{efx v{k`nmeeksfhf {m inbken `{xxg`{efx fhgkxrn- Pgm kihfxjn w rxfp dfhkx bgp`{xxgbn bnpb`fbfp ef xkfegbfb mnp df inprxfbn {mf sgpgm i{w bgprgmrf- Ef kefhnxf`gm bk enpxnwk`rnp `{xxg`{efxkp w bk efp xnjxfif`gnmkp bk f{ef pk dfm `nmskxrgbn km {mikxn rxigrk h{xn`xrg`n fxf i{`dnp w km {m skxbfbkxn `fesfxgn fxf nrxnp- _nxkeen {mf jxfm ifwnxf nr nx `ngfx enp bgpknp v{k xnnx`gnmfhfm efpkbgrnxgfekp% kp bk`gx% pk fp bk {m `{xx`{en `kxxfbn kefhnxfbn nx effbigmgprxf`gm kb{`frgsf f nrxn gj{feikmrk bk `kxxfbn `nmck``gnmfbn nx efpkbgrnxgfekp-

@nm ke fpn bke rgkin kprnp bn`{ikmrnp pk dfm gbn rgkmbn bk `nenx n`xkkm enp fxifxgnp bk enp `kmrxnp% fkmfp pg pk dfm gbn inbgcg`fmbn `{fmbn pkj{xn v{kefp `fxf`rkxprg`fp bke kmrnxmn w bk p{p fe{imnp dfm gbn sfxgfmbn-

Mn nhprfmrk% km ef ifwnxf bk efp xkfp `{xxg`{efxkp bk _xgifxgf% ke fnwn bkefp j{fp bgb`rg`fp w ef h{kmf x`rg`f bn`kmrk hfpfbf km ef ktkxgkm`gf bk fnpbk `efpkp dfm gbn pfesfmbn kprnp nhpr`{enp- Ke xnckpnxfbn pfhf en v{k rkmf v{kkmpkfx% f{mv{k bkp`nmn`f enp nhakrgsnp% `nmrkmgbnp w `xgrkxgnp bk ksfe{f`gm v{kifx`fm efp mnxifp ekjfekp-


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Fmrkp% km efp xnjxfif`gnmkp nx nhakrgsnp fxk`f v{k pk rkmf i{w èfxnìn xkfegqfx {mf efmgcg`f`gm% pk bgckxkm`gfhfm èfxfikmrk ke mgske bk`nm`xk`gm bk enp igpinp1 jkmkxfekp% kpk`cg`np% nkxfrgsnp- Fdnxf pk cnxi{efmnhakrgsnp bk rnbf èfpk% kpk`gfeikmrk xgif ef fihgjkbfb% kxn kp v{k `nm efp`nikrkm`gfp hpg`fp ke cneem kp i{`dn ifwnx% fp v{k pkj{gxkinp kinesfmbn

ip bn`{ikmrnp w ef x`rg`f pkx i{w bgprgmrf bk en v{k bg`rfm enp fkekp-

Km ke xkf bk Kb{`f`gm Cpg`f% v{k nx p{p xngfp `fxf`rkxprg`fp mn p{kekrkmkx {m pnnxrk km ke eghxn bk rktrn% ef `nmc{pgm w ke bkpnxbkm df gikxfbn kmi{`dnp `fpnp- _nxv{k fxk`k pkx v{k rnbn sfek fxf enjxfx enp nhakrgsnp% km eff`r{fegbfb pkxf ikanx bk`gx% rnbn sfek fxf enjxfx bkpfxxneefx efp `nikrkm`gfphpg`fp bk m{kprxnp fe{imnp-

Bk kprf cnxif xkp{erf i{w `nieg`fbn skx f bnp xnckpnxkp bk Kb{`f`gmCpg`f efmrkfx {mf xnjxfif`gm pgigefx% bgpkfx {m mikxn bk {mgbfbkp bgb`rg`fpfxk`gbfp pfhgkmbn v{k ke mikxn bk dnxfp ek`rgsfp fm{fekp pnm efp igpifp% kxn

km bnmbk efp bgckxkm`gfp pk f`kmrfm ip kp km enp `kmrxnp bk gmrkxp bk bnmbkfxrkm kpfp {mgbfbkp- Km m{kprxf xkf nbkinp nhpkxsfx `{xx`{enp xkfeikmrkfhgkxrnp% f{mv{k mn p pg nx keen pnm kcg`f`kp-

F{mv{k enp henv{kp bk `nmrkmgbnp pgj{km pgkmbn enp igpinp% enp `nmrkmgbnpbke xkf pk dfm gbn i{ergeg`fmbn1 ke kpv{kif `nxnxfe% efp dfhgegbfbkp w bkprxkqfpinrxg`kp% efp `{fegbfbkp cpg`fp hpg`fp% ef ktxkpgm `nxnxfe $`nm hfgekp w bfmqfpbk rnbn rgn% ke rkfrxn% ke igin% ke {pn bk `fm`gnmkp gmcfmrgekp% ef xkfegqf`gm bkkakx`g`gnp bk xkpgxf`gm w xkef`gm rxfp {mf pkpgm bk hfgek% '% efp f`rgsgbfbkpcpg`fp km ke ikbgn mfr{xfe $`xkfinp f {m mgn ktkxrn km p{kxsgskm`gf1 {rgegqfmbnef gxfj{f% efmqmbnpk km rgxnegmf% km`kmbgkmbn {m c{kjn `nm bnp fenp% rgxfmbn `nm

ke fx`n% nxgkmrmbnpk km {m iff%'% ef f`rgsgbfb cpg`f pfe{bfhek $ekp kmpkfinpf fegikmrfxpk% f fpkfxpk% f `nmrxnefx p{p {epf`gnmkp% f ksgrfx efp bxnjfp% f xkfegqfx{m efm bk f{rnkmrxkmfigkmrn% f xkefafxpk% f `nmn`kx p{ nxjfmgpin'% kxn kp km kehenv{k bk a{kjnp w bknxrkp bnmbk enp `nmrkmgbnp pk bgskxpgcg`fm ip% mn pen kmc{m`gm bk enp rgnp bk a{kjnp f {rgegqfx $`nnkxfrgsnp% `nikrgrgsnp% gmrkx`{er{xfekp%xkbknxrgsnp% n{efxkp% rxfbg`gnmfekp% f{r`rnmnp% ferkxmfrgsnp% `nm {pn bkifrkxgfe bk xk`gèfak' pgmn km ef jxfm sfxgkbfb bk bknxrkp v{k pk {kbkmbkpfxxneefx% wf v{kbf ckn {rgegqfx enp rxfbg`gnmfekp $hfenmifmn% hfenm`kprn% snekw%crhne'% fdnxf kmpkfinp e{`df% f`xnpnxr% cennxhfee% gmbgf`f% hgphne% gmcnsnrk%hbigmrnm% frgmfak% Lnxchfee

@nm rfmrf mnskbfb bk `nmrkmgbnp ke ifrkxgfe gj{feikmrk pk df gbnbgskxpgcg`fmbn% kxn fbkip% pg mn bgpnmkinp bk keenp% en cfhxg`finp w pg kp npghek`nm ifrkxgfe bk bkpk`dn- W fxf f{mrfefx ip ke xkf% nx pg c{kxf n`n% sfinp f{rgegqfx efp m{ksfp rk`mnenjfp w pg fbkip% enp fe{imnp ekkm% `fe`{efm% bgh{afm%dfhefm km gmjep% fxkmbkm nx p igpinp w pnm h{kmfp kxpnmfp `nmpgjn igpin w`nm enp bkip% ikanx-

Bkifpgfbn `nmrkmgbn fxf rfin`n rgkin% bgxf wn-

Rfmrf sfxgkbfb bk `nmrkmgbnp w xk`{xpnp pk mnp xkpkmrf `nin gbkfe fxfbkpfxxneefx m{kprxf xkf bk {mf cnxif i{w inrgsfbnxf fxf enp fe{imnp w `nin {m

ikbgn xgsgekjgfbn fxf bkpfxxneefx enp fxkmbgqfakp w df`kxekp `nikrkmrkp% wf{mv{k pnw bk enp v{k pk sfm f {mrfmbn f rnbfp kprfp mnskbfbkp w rxfrn bk kprfx


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fe bf% ik xkj{mrn pg mn kprfxkinp bkjkmkxfmbn ke xkf w `fwkmbn km efbkpnxgkmrf`gm- Xkfeikmrk mn en p% mn bgpnmjn bk bfrnp kprfbprg`np fxf`nmrxfprfx w `nifxfx enp xn`kpnp bk kmpkfmqf w fxkmbgqfak bk `fbf {mn bk enpbn`kmrkp v{k gifxrginp kprf xkf- Bk inikmrn% fxk`k pkx v{k rnbn sfek% fp en`nix{khn km efp {mgbfbkp bgb`rg`fp v{k pk {heg`fm km bgprgmrnp ikbgnp bk

bgs{ejf`gm-

Pgxsf kprf xkcektgm kxpnmfe fxf v{k enp ek`rnxkp np efmrgp kprfp igpifpgmrkxxnjfmrkp% nxv{k fe ikmnp nbxkinp xkefmrkfxmnp m{kprxf x`rg`f bn`kmrk-Pen fp nbxkinp gmrkmrfx gx ikanxfmbn n`n f n`n-

Wf kpr hgkm bk kakx`kx bk `nhfwfp fxf enp rk`menjnp bk ef kb{`f`gm&& Efkmpkfmqf pk df bk pgiegcg`fx% mn nbkinp gmrkxckxgx km en v{k kp xkfeikmrkginxrfmrk% enp xn`kpnp bk fxkmbgqfak-

Ke Kbgrnx-

A{fm @fxenp I{nq Bfq


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HGLKFHGEGRW1 [M M[KSN @NM@K_RN BK KB[@F@GM SGFE KMEFP KP@[KEFP

F{rnx1 BFMGKE HKXBKAN)BKE)CXKPMN

Hxgrgpd @wègmj Ckbkxfrgnm% Ifm`dkprkx $[mgrkb Lgmjbni'bfmghkxbkanOjifge-`ni

XKP[IKM

Enp rkifp rxfmpskxpfekp c{kxnm gmrxnb{`gbnp nx xgikxf skq km ke `{xx`{en bkKb{`f`gm _xgifxgf `nm ef ENJPK- [mn bk keenp kp ef Kb{`f`gm Sgfe- Bkpbkkmrnm`kp pk dfm xkfegqfbn i{`dnp gmrkmrnp fxf eeksfx f `fhn {mf `nxxk`rfkak`{`gm bk kprk rkif rxfmpskxpfe km ef kp`{kef w fw{bfx f bgpigm{gx ef `gcxf bkf``gbkmrkp bk rxcg`n- Jkmkxfeikmrk pk dfm bgpkfbn {mgbfbkp bgb`rg`fp%

anxmfbfp kb{`frgsfp% `dfxefp nx _neg`f En`fekp% kxn mfbf fxk`gbn fe xnwk`rnHglkfhgegrw- Hglkfhgegrw kp {m xnwk`rn `xkfbn km ke Xkgmn [mgbn fxf rxfhfafx efkb{`f`gm sgfe km ef kp`{kef $Kb{`f`gm _xgifxgf' ikbgfmrk ke {pn bk ef hg`gèkrf-Ke nhakrgsn bk kprk fxr`{en kp bfx f `nmn`kx Hglkfhgegrw km m{kprxn fp w v{k kprkxnwk`rn pgxsf fxf `xkfx efp hfpkp bk m{ksnp irnbnp bk rxfhfan% bk inbn v{k`fbf skq ip fe{imnp xf`rgv{km bknxrk% km kprk `fpn `gègpin% bk cnxif pkj{xf-

_FEFHXFP @EFSK1 npg`gm pk`{mbfxgf% npg`gm xgifxgf% npg`gm bk kbfexkfxfbn% `gègpin-


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6- GMRXNB[@@GM-

B{xfmrk enp erginp fnp% gmè{pn b`fbfp% rnbnp enp kprfikmrnp bke KprfbnKpfne kprm eeksfmbn f `fhn w fbnrfmbn m{ikxnpfp ikbgbfp fxf ksgrfx enpf``gbkmrkp bk rxcg`n% w km `nmpk`{km`gf efp i{kxrkp bkxgsfbfp bk kprnp- Df`k wf

fej{mnp fnp pk gmrxnb{an km ke @{xx`{en bk Kb{`f`gm bk _xgifxgf ke rkifrxfmpskxpfe bk Kb{`f`gm Sgfe% `nm ke cgm bk f`kx`fx fe fe{imfbn ef xnhekirg`fbke fp{mrn k gmrkmrfx ikmrfegqfx bkpbk kbfbkp rkixfmfp bk ef ginxrfm`gf bk {mf`nmb{``gm pkj{xf- @nm`xkrfikmrk c{k {mf skq giefmrfbf ef Ekw Nxjmg`fJkmkxfe bke Pgprkif Kb{`frgsn km 677? $ENJPK' km bnmbk pk dgqn xkckxkm`gf bkcnxif ktxkpf fe rxfrfigkmrn kbfjjg`n bk {mf kb{`f`gm rxfmpskxpfe- C{k km6778 `{fmbn ke Igmgprkxgn bk Kb{`f`gm w @gkm`gf $I-K-@-% 6778' {heg`f enpifrkxgfekp bk ef xkcnxif `nimikmrk `nmn`gbnp `nin `fafp xnafp w km keenp pkbkpfxxneefm `fbf {mn bk enp rkifp rxfmpskxpfekp bk ifmkxf xnc{mbf $nhakrgsnp%`nmrkmgbnp% nxgkmrf`gnmkp bgb`rg`fp w `xgrkxgnp bk ksfe{f`gm'- _nprkxgnxikmrk% dfmpgbn i{`dnp enp `nekjgnp% kp`{kefp k gmprgr{rnp v{k km `nefhnxf`gm `nm enp

fw{mrfigkmrnp dfm gmrkmrfbn gifxrgx f rxfsp bk ef _neg`f En`fe anxmfbfp bkKb{`f`gm Sgfe- Km ef ifwnxf bk enp `fpnp kprfp anxmfbfp `nikmqfxnm nx pgiekpsgpgrfp bk _neg`fp En`fekp f efp kp`{kefp fxf gifxrgx sfxgfp `dfxefp w xkfxrgxcneekrnp gmcnxifrgsnp `nm ke cgm bk ikmrfegqfx f enp ip askmkp bk ef mk`kpgbfb bk`{iegx w xkpkrfx efp mnxifp- Ip rfxbk% kprfp pgiekp anxmfbfp dfm bkxgsfbn km

anxmfbfp kb{`frgsfp ip efxjfp w `niekrfp $8)0 bfp' km bnmbk fbkip bk efp`dfxefp n èfpkp rkxg`fp pk ffbkm èfpkp x`rg`fp- Kprfp x`rg`fp pnmp{kxsgpfbfp nx ef _neg`f En`fe bk enp i{mg`ggnp% w jkmkxfeikmrk pnmbkpfxxneefbfp km fxv{kp n `gx`{grnp `kxxfbnp km bnmbk enp fe{imnp xf`rg`fm rfmrn`nin kfrnmkp `nin `nmb{`rnxkp< `nm`xkrfikmrk `nin `gègprfp- Bk kprk inbn%bkpbk kbfbkp rkixfmfp rnbnp enp `g{bfbfmnp `nmn`km w xf`rg`fm efp xkjefp

hpg`fp bk pkj{xgbfb sgfe w rkmbxm ef hfpk mk`kpfxgf fxf `gx`{efx bk ifmkxfpkj{xf- Pgm kihfxjn% bkpbk m{kprxn {mrn bk sgprf kprk pgprkif% kprf kb{`f`gm sgfekm Kb{`f`gm _xgifxgf% mn kp en p{cg`gkmrkikmrk kcg`gkmrk- W v{kxkinp bkinprxfxen`nm ef pgj{gkmrk cnrnjxfcf $Cgj{xf 6'-

Cgj{xf 6- Bkpfxxneen bk {mf pkpgm bk Kb{`f`gm Sgfe $Rnifbf bk [rkhn F`r{fe% 8?6?'

Km keef nbkinp nhpkxsfx sfxgfp pgr{f`gnmkp `{xgnpfp1

) Ke jx{n kprf `gx`{efmbn km bgxk``gm `nmrxfxgf-

) Ke jx{n mn kprf `gx`{efmbn km cgef gmbgf n `nin i{`dn bnp `gègprfp kmfxfeken% pgmn v{k nbkinp nhpkxsfx rxkp fe{imnp n`{fmbn rnbf ef`feqfbf-

)

Enp gègprfp mn eeksfm fp`n-) Mn rnbnp enp `gègprfp eeksfm dfek`np xkcek`rfmrkp n bk ferf sgpghgegbfb-


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) Mgske 8 kmpkf f enp mgnp f {rgegqfx ef hg`gèkrf km x{rfp efmgcg`fbfp km`fxxkrkxfp `nm mn i{`dn rxcg`n-

) Mgske 0 fpkj{xf fe `gègprf f bkpkmsneskxpk fbk`{fbfikmrk km rnbfp efp`nmbg`gnmkp bke rxcg`n-

Efp pkpgnmkp bkpfxxneefbfp km enp `nekjgnp rgkmkm v{k pkx gifxrgbfp nxinmgrnxkp bkhgbfikmrk `{fegcg`fbnp% dfhgr{feikmrk `fbf jx{n bk fe{imnpbkpfxxneef 2 pkpgnmkp bk 8)8-; dnxfp `fbf {mf- F rxfsp bk kprfp pkpgnmkp enpfe{imnp v{k p{kxkm ke `{xpn fe`fmqfxm ke mgske 8- Jkmkxfeikmrk ef xgikxf pkpgmpk bkpfxxneef km ke frgn bke xk`xkn w efp pgj{gkmrkp km `feekp n `fxxkrkxfp `kx`fmfpfe `nekjgn% f{mv{k kprn {kbk sfxgfx km c{m`gm bk ef sken`gbfb `nm ef v{k enpfe{imnp fe`fmqfm enp nhakrgsnp- Ef xfrgn bk rxfhfan pgkixk pkx bk 613 $inmgrnx 1fe{imn' n 6168 pg ke inmgrnx rgkmk {m fw{bfmrk-

Ke xgikx rxfhfan f bkpfxxneefx nx ke inmgrnx pkx `nixnhfx v{k rnbnp enpfe{imnp bgpnmkm bke `nmpkmrgigkmrn gmcnxifbn bk enp fbxkp% ef xkfegqf`gm bk

{mf ksfe{f`gm bk xgkpjnp w ef kek``gm bke ikanx e{jfx $frgn% xk`xkn% `feekp%`fxxkrkxfp' fxf bkpfxxneefx efp pkpgnmkp $Fmbkxpnm% H{xxnzp% NBnmnsfm% En{jdkkb%Ifdk% _fwmk w Zge`nt% 8??7'-

[mf skq kprn df pgbn xkfegqfbn efp pkpgnmkp {kbkm `nikmqfx- @fbf pkpgmbkhk `nikmqfx `nixnhfmbn ke kprfbn bk ef hg`gèkrf% rnbfp efp hg`gèkrfp bkhkmfpfx ef GRS& _fxf kprn% gifjgmfxkinp v{k ef hg`gèkrf kp ef ekrxf I w pkj{gxkinpefp emkfp bk ef I `nixnhfmbn1 fenigeefp% xfbgnp% xkpgm bkefmrkxf% cxkmnbkefmrkxn% ifmgeefx% efrnp% hgkefp% kbfekp% pgeem% cxkmn rxfpkxn% xkpgm rxfpkxf%xfbgnp% gnmkp% `fbkmf w fenigeef-

Cgj{xf 8- Gmpk``gm bk ef hg`gèkrf $I `dk`l'-

Ke pgj{gkmrk {mrn f bkpfxxneefx pkxf ef `nixnhf`gm bke `fp`n- Kp xkv{gpgrngmbgpkmpfhek fxf rnbnp enp fe{imnp ke eeksfx b{xfmrk ef b{xf`gm bk rnbf ef pkpgm

bke `nxxkpnmbgkmrk `fp`n- Km ke `fpn bk v{k {m fe{imn mn bgpnmjf bk `fp`n% mnnbx fxrg`gfx km ef pkpgm- Enp `fp`np bkhkm eeksfx ef ifx`f @K% mn bkhkm eeksfx

Xfbgnp

_xkpgm rxfpkxf

_fenigeef

Cxkmn rxfpkxn

Pgeem Ifmgeefx

Cxkmn bkefmrkxn

Xfbgnp

_efrn% Hgkef w_kbfekp

_xkpgm bkefmrkxf

_fenigeef


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jxgkrfp% xfafp n fhneefb{xfp% w bkhk pkx eeksfbn bk ifmkxf `nxxk`rf- Ef `nxxkfbkefmrkxf enp ip skxrg`fe npghek% ef `nxxkf rxfpkxf bkrxp bk ef nxkaf% ke hxn`dkbkhk kxifmk`kx bkhfan bk ef hfxhgeef% kmrxk ef `nxxkf w ef hfxhgeef rgkmk v{kdfhkx {m kpf`gn bk rfm pen bnp bkbnp% fe gj{fe v{k kmrxk efp `kafp w ke `fp`n% kprnkxigrgx v{k ke insgigkmrn pkf imgin $Cgj{xf 0'-

Cgj{xf 0- _npg`gm `nxxk`rf bke `fp`n-

_nx ergin% fmrkp bk `nikmqfx ef pkpgm pk xn`kbkx f `nixnhfx v{k rnbnpen fe{imnp eeksfm xnf ìnbf w fbk`{fbf fxf ef x`rg`f% fbkip pkxn`kbkx fe xkfxrn bk `dfek`np xkcek`rfmrkp fxf rnbnp w `fbf {mn bk enpfe{imnp w inmgrnxkp-

8-6- HGLKFHGEGRW1 MGSKE 6-

Ke `{xpn `nikmqfx km ke xk`xkn bke `nekjgn w fxrg`gfm fe{imnp kmxnefbnpkm ; w 3 bk Kb{`f`gm _xgifxgf- _fxf v{k enp fe{imnp fe`fm`km ke Mgske 6 w pkfmkxigrgbnp `nikmqfx ke Mgske 8 bkhkxm fe`fmqfx enp pgj{gkmrkp nhakrgsnp $Fmbkxpnm%H{xxnzp% NBnmnsfm% Jnbcxkw% En{jdkkb w Zge`nt% 8??7'1

) Xkfegqfx fbk`{fbfikmrk {mf gmpk``gm bk ef hg`gèkrf% ke `fp`n w efxnf-

) Inmrfx w bkpinmrfx bk ef hg`gèkrf `nxxk`rfikmrk-) Kikqfx f xnbfx bk ifmkxf gmbgsgb{fe w pgm fw{bfp-

) Cxkmfx nm nmrxne-

) Xkfegqfx cxkmfbfp bk kikxjkm`gf-

) Ifmrkmkx ke kv{geghxgn w ef bgxk``gm-

) [pfx efp ifx`dfp fbk`{fbfikmrk-

) Igxfx% pkfegqfx w xkfegqfx ef ifmgnhxf fbk`{fbfikmrk w `nm `nmrxneigkmrxfp inmrfm km hg`gèkrf-


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_fxf ef `nmpk`{`gm bk enp nhakrgsnp fmrkxgnxkp pk xkfeqfxm bgskxpfpf`rgsgbfbkp km ke xk`xkn bke `nekjgn `nm `nmnp `nin `gx`{grnp% qgj)qfjp% `x`{enp%kakx`g`gnp bk igxfx bkrxp% bk pkfegqf`gm% bk cxkmfbf% bk cxkmfbfp bk kikxjkm`gfw bk {rgegqf`gm bk efp ifx`dfp- @nin mnxif jkmkxfe bkhkinp kmpkfx f enpfe{imnp f `nikmqfx pgkixk km ef npg`gm bk kbfe xkfbw n rzn nèn`l $pkx

kteg`fbf nprkxgnxikmrk'% ifmrkmkx pgkixk efp bnp ifmnp km ke ifmgeefx% igxfxbkrxp f rxfsp bke dnihxk bkxk`dn% pkfegqfx `nm ke hxfqn rnrfeikmrk ktrkmbgbn wef ifmn efmn% ef pkfegqf`gm bkhk b{xfx {m imgin bk 0 pkj{mbnp w xkfegqfx efifmgnhxf {mf skq ke hxfqn bk pkfegqf`gm df s{kern fe ifmgeefx- [mf skq dfmp{kxfbn ke mgske 6 enp fe{imnp kprm egprnp fxf `nikmqfx km ke mgske 8-

8-8- HGLKFHGEGRW1 MGSKE 8-

Kprk mgske bk Hglkfhgegrw pk bkpfxxneef km `feekp n `fxxkrkxfp mn i{wrxfmpgrfbfp w f pkx npghek `nm ifx`fp dnxgqnmrfekp- Enp fe{imnp bkhkxm fe`fmqfxenp pgj{gkmrkp nhakrgsnp fxf p{kxfx ke `{xpn $NBnmnsfm% Jnbcxkw% En{jdkkb w

_fwmk% 8??4'1

) @ni{mg`fxpk `nm nrxnp {p{fxgnp bk ef sf-

) @nikmqfx w cgmfegqfx fbk`{fbfikmrk {m rxfwk`rn km `fxxkrkxf-

) Gbkmrgcg`fx ef npg`gm fbk`{fbf km ef `fxxkrkxf-

) P{kxfx fxxkrkxfp% feekp n sfp efrkxfekp-

) P{kxfx `n`dkp ffx`fbnp n skd`{enp ekmrnp-

) Jgxfx f ef gqv{gkxbf km {mf sf pk`{mbfxgf-

)

Jgxfx f ef gqv{gkxbf km {mf sf xgifxgf-) Jgxfx f ef bkxk`df km {mf sf xgifxgf-

) Jgxfx f ef bkxk`df km {mf sf pk`{mbfxgf-

) Bkinprxfx {m `nmn`gigkmrn hpg`n bke Xkjefikmrn bk @gx`{ef`gmPkj{xgbfb Sgfe-

_npg`gnmkp km ef sf

Ktgprkm bnp npg`gnmkp km ef sf1 npg`gm pk`{mbfxgf w npg`gm xgifxgf$Cgj{xf 2'- Ef npg`gm pk`{mbfxgf kp a{mrn fe hnxbgeen% fxntgifbfikmrk f 6 ikrxn

bk kprk% w kp ef npg`gm km ef v{k mnxifeikmrk `gx`{ef ke `gègprf- _nx ke `nmrxfxgn% efnpg`gm xgifxgf% kp km ke ikbgn bke `fxxge- _kpk f en v{k pk {kbf kmpfx% kprfnpg`gm kp ef ip pkj{xf fxf `gx`{efx% wf v{k kp bkpbk bnmbk ke `gègprf ikanx{kbk skx w pkx sgprn- Kprf npg`gm pk {rgegqfx fxf ef xkfegqf`gm bk rnbfp efpifmgnhxfp $jgxnp% fbkefmrfigkmrnp% kr`-' w ikbgfmrk keef ksgrfxkinp v{k enp{p{fxgnp v{k `gx`{efm bkrxp bk mnpnrxnp rkmjfm ef rkmrf`gm bk pnhxkfpfxmnp nfbkefmrfxmnp-


12/97


68

Cgj{xf 2- _npg`gm pk`{mbfxgf w npg`gm xgifxgf v{k ke `gègprf bkhk fbnrfx km ef sf-

@nikmqfx f gx`{efx w fxfx

Ke fe{imn bkhkx `nixnhfx v{k mn sgkmkm skd`{enp nx ef sf% `nen`fx efhg`gèkrf km ef `fxxkrkxf% pk inmrfx km keef% ifmrkmgkmbn ke gk gqv{gkxbn km ef

f`kxf% w ke bkxk`dn pnhxk ke kbfe- Kprk bkhkx kprfx km ef npg`gm bk kbfexkfbw n rzn nèn`l $pg gifjgmfinp v{k kp ke efrn kp {m xkena% ke kbfe bkxk`dnbkhk kprfx km efp bnp km {mrn'- @{hxgxkinp fihnp cxkmnp w a{prn fmrkp bk`nikmqfx ef ifx`df igxfxkinp bkrxp nx m{kprxn dnihxn bkxk`dn fxf`nixnhfx v{k mn pk fxntgif mgmjm skd`{en- [mf skq km ifx`df `gx`{efxkinpkm npg`gm pk`{mbfxgf% w a{prn fmrkp bk fxfx% `nixnhfxkinp v{k mn sgkmkmgmjm skd`{en bkrxp bk mnpnrxnp- @{fmbn fxkinp kp ginxrfmrk cxkmfx `nmfihnp cxkmnp% ifmrkmkx ke gk bkxk`dn km ke kbfe w ke gqv{gkxbn km ef f`kxf mn kmef `feqfbf-

_fpfx {mf sf efrkxfe

Fmrk {mf sf efrkxfe% bkhkxkinp igxfx bkrxp bk mnpnrxnp fxf `fihgfx bknpg`gm pk`{mbfxgf f npg`gm xgifxgf- Kprf npg`gm pk bkhkx ifmrkmkx b{xfmrkrnbf ef ifmgnhxf% bk kprf ifmkxf ifmrkmbxkinp ip kpf`gn `nm ef sf efrkxfe%pgiekikmrk nx pkj{xgbfb% km ke `fpn bk v{k {m skd`{en pk fxntgik w mn mnpdfwf sgprn- [mf skq pnhxkfpfbf ef sf efrkxfe km p{ rnrfegbfb xkrnxmfxkinp fnpg`gm pk`{mbfxgf $Cgj{xf ;'- Kp ginxrfmrk v{k igkmrxfp kprkinp pnhxkfpfmbn efsf efrkxfe ifmrkmjfinp efp ifmnp `{hxgkmbn m{kprxnp cxkmnp% w `nixnhkinp v{kmn sgkmk mgmjm skd`{en% n km ke `fpn bk v{k skmjf rkmjf ef gmrkm`gm bk fxfx-Bkhkinp kmpkfx f m{kprxnp fe{imnp f kxifmk`kx fekxrfp w xkfxfbnp fmrk {mfnpghek pgr{f`gm bk cxkmfbf bk kikxjkm`gf-

[m kxxnx i{w `nim v{k p{kekm df`kx enp fe{imnp kp bkpf`kekxfx `{fmbnkprm fpfmbn {mf sf efrkxfe- Kprk dk`dn {kbk `f{pfx `nmc{pgm fxf nrxnp{p{fxgnp bk ef sf% k gm`grfxekp f mn `kbkx ke fpn-


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60

Cgj{xf ;- _fpfmbn {mf sf efrkxfe-

Pnhxkfpfx {m `n`dk ffx`fbn n {m skd`{en ekmrn

Kprk kakx`g`gn kp i{w pgigefx fe fmrkxgnx- Ef cfpk bk fxntgif`gm% ef ifmgnhxf w efcfpk bk s{kerf f ef npg`gm gmg`gfe pnm gj{fekp- Kp ginxrfmrk fbskxrgxek fe fe{imnv{k `{fmbn pnhxkfpk fe skd`{en% ifmrkmjf {mf bgprfm`gf imgif kmrxk e w ke

skd`{en bk 6 ikrxn% fxf ksgrfx v{k km `fpn bk v{k {mf {kxrf pk fhxf ek jnekk$Cgj{xf 3'-

Cgj{xf 3- _fpfmbn {mf sf efrkxfe-


14/97


62

Jgxfx f ef gqv{gkxbf bkpbk {mf sf xgifxgf km {mf pk`{mbfxgf

Ke fe{imn bkhkxf npg`gnmfxpk km npg`gm xgifxgf rfm xnmrn `nin pkfpkj{xn fxf e% igxfx bkrxp bk e% kprfhek`kx {m `nmrf`rn sgp{fe `nm enp nrxnpskd`{enp w xkfegqfx ef pkfegqf`gm $imgin 0 pkj{mbnp'- Rxfp kprn% ke hxfqn v{k df

xkfegqfbn ef pkfegqf`gm bkhk sneskx fe ifmgeefx fxf df`kx ef ifmgnhxf `nm rnrfepkj{xgbfb- [mf skq df cgmfegqfbn ke jgxn% ke fe{imn bkhk sneskx f ef npg`gmpk`{mbfxgf a{mrn fe hnxbgeen $Cgj{xf :'-

Cgj{xf :- Jgxn f ef gqv{gkxbf bkpbk {mf sf xgifxgf km {mf pk`{mbfxgf-

Kp c{mbfikmrfe v{k ke fe{imn ifmrkmjf b{xfmrk rnbf ef ifmgnhxf% wb{xfmrk ke jgxn km kpk`gfe% ke `nmrxne bke `fxxge< kp bk`gx% kxifmkq`f rnbn kergkin km npg`gm xgifxgf- Ifmrkmgkmbn kprf npg`gm ksgrfxkinp v{k enpskd`{enp v{k mnp xk`kbkm rkmjfm ef rkmrfrgsf bk fbkefmrfxmnp w nmkxmnp kmkegjxn b{xfmrk ke jgxn-

Jgxfx f ef gqv{gkxbf bkpbk {mf sf pk`{mbfxgf km {mf xgifxgf

@nin km ke kakx`g`gn fmrkxgnx ke fe{imn bkhkx xkfegqfx ef ifmgnhxf kmnpg`gm xgifxgf% pkfegqfx b{xfmrk fe ikmnp 0 pkj{mbnp w jgxfx ifmrkmgkmbn ke`nmrxne bke `fxxge w ksgrfmbn df`kxen bkifpgfbn `kx`f bke hnxbgeen- Ef xgm`gfebgckxkm`gf `nm ke kakx`g`gn fmrkxgnx kp v{k km kprk `fpn pg {m skd`{en pk fxntgifnx ef bkxk`df rkmbx xkckxkm`gf% nx en rfmrn ke fe{imn bkhkx kprfx xkfxfbnfxf cxkmfx w kbkxek ke fpn $Cgj{xf 4'-

Kp ginxrfmrk kmpkfxek fe fe{imn ef bgckxkm`gf kmrxk `kbkx ke fpn w prn- Pgpgiekikmrk kp {m `kbf ke fpn ke fe{imn bkhk kmrkmbkx v{k mn kp mk`kpfxgnfxfx- Rfm pen kpr nhegjfbn f bkrkmkx p{ ifx`df km ke `fpn bk v{k {m skd`{en pkfxntgik nx p{ bkxk`df- _nx ke `nmrxfxgn% pg km ke `x{`k pk km`{kmrxf `nm {mf

ifx`f sgfe n pkfe bk prn% ke fe{imn bkhkx bkrkmkx p{ ifx`df km rnbfp efpn`fpgnmkp-


15/97


6;

Cgj{xf 4- Jgxn f ef gqv{gkxbf bkpbk {mf sf pk`{mbfxgf km {mf xgifxgf-

Jgxfx f ef bkxk`df bkpbk {mf sf pk`{mbfxgf km {mf xgifxgf

Ke xn`kbgigkmrn pkx `nin km rnbnp enp kakx`g`gnp fmrkxgnxkp $npg`gm xgifxgf w 0pkj{mbnp bk pkfegqf`gm'- Pgm kihfxjn% kp ginxrfmrk df`kxek kmrkmbkx fe fe{imnv{k km kprk `fpn bkhk `x{qfx bnp `fxxgekp% nx en rfmrn bkhk igxfx f fihnp efbnp bk

ef sf w xkfegqfx ef ifmgnhxf `{fmbn mn skmjf mgmjm skd`{en $Cgj{xf 7'-

Cgj{xf 7- Jgxn f ef bkxk`df bkpbk {mf sf pk`{mbfxgf km {mf xgifxgf-


16/97


63

[m fpk`rn i{w ginxrfmrk km kprf ifmgnhxf kp v{k enp fe{imnp bkhkmxkfegqfx ef ifmgnhxf `nin pk i{kprxf km ef cgj{xf< kp bk`gx% km emkf xk`rf dfprffe`fmqfx ef npg`gm xgifxgf bk p{ `fxxge w kmrnm`kp jgxfx- Dfhgr{feikmrk enpfe{imnp pk pgkmrkm rkmrfbnp f f`nxrfx p{ `figmn xkfegqfmbn {mf bgfjnmfe% `nm en`{fe kxifmk`km ip rgkin gmsfbgkmbn ke `fxxge `nmrxfxgn-

Jgxfx f ef bkxk`df bkpbk {mf sf xgifxgf km {mf pk`{mbfxgf

Ef rfxkf v{k pk i{kprxf f `nmrgm{f`gm kp ef ergif km xkfegqfxpk km ke `{xpnbkhgbn f p{ `niekagbfb w bgcg`{erfb- Fbkip kprf ifmgnhxf kp ef v{k fm{feikmrkjkmkxf ip f``gbkmrkp kmrxk `gègprfp w nrxnp skd`{enp- [mf skq `nen`fbnp kmnpg`gm xgifxgf% w xkfegqfbf ef pkfegqf`gm b{xfmrk fe ikmnp 0 pkj{mbnp% kefe{imn bkhkx xkfegqfx {m ergin jgxn bk `fhkqf frxp% kp ke eefifbn egck)pfskx npfesfsgbfp w km ke `fpn bk v{k mn skmjf mgmjm skd`{en nx ke nrxn `fxxge xkfegqfx efifmgnhxf- _kxn% w pg sgkmk {m skd`{en% V{ bkhkinp df`kx> @{e pkx ke {mrnbk bkrk``gm> Kprk kp {m {mrn bk `nmrxnskxpgf w km ke v{k rnbfsf mn pk df

fe`fmqfbn {m f`{kxbn wf v{k ktgprkm bnp pne{`gnmkp- Ef xgikxf bk keefp pkxf efv{k i{kprxf ef Cgj{xf 6?% ke `gègprf pk bkrkmbx en ip `kx`f npghek f ef emkf`kmrxfe bk pkfxf`gm bk `fxxgekp% fxf kxigrgx ke fpn w mn nhprf`{egqfx ef`gx`{ef`gm- _kxn pgm kihfxjn% xkfegqfmbn kprn% kxigrgxkinp f enp skd`{enp v{k mnppnhxkfpkm w km ke `fpn bk v{k skmjfm nrxnp skd`{enp km pkmrgbn `nmrxfxgnbkambnmnp km {mf pgr{f`gm bk èfxn kegjxn kmrxk bnp skd`{enp% jxcg`fikmrknbxfinp bk`gx v{k pkxfinp ke afim pkxxfmn bk {m hn`fbgeen- Kp nx rnbn keen%nx en v{k km ef kp`{kef% w `{fmbn rxfhfakinp `nm mgnp% ekp kmpkkinp f cxkmfxifmrkmgkmbn ef npg`gm xgifxgf km ke ikbgn bke `fxxge w ksgrfmbn v{k nrxnpskd`{enp enp pnhxkfpkm-

Cgj{xf 6?- Jgxn f ef bkxk`df bkpbk {mf sf xgifxgf km {mf pk`{mbfxgf-


17/97


6:

8-0-HGLKFHGEGRW1 MGSKE 0-

Ke mgske 0 bk Hglkfhgegrw mn pk bkpfxxneef km efp kp`{kefp% dfhgr{feikmrk kprbgxgjgbn fxf kxpnmfp fb{erfp% v{k {rgegqfm ef hg`gèkrf bk ifmkxf xkj{efx- Km kprkmgske pk kmpkf f `gx`{efx km sfp i{w pneg`grfbfp% f mkjn`gfx xnrnmbfp w jxfmbkp

`x{`kp `nmrxnefbnp nx pkicnxnp $NBnmnsfm% En{jdkkb% w Zge`nt% 8??7'-

8-2-HGLKFHGEGRW1 BKP_EFQMBNPK KM JX[_N-

Pg ke rgkin en kxigrk enp fe{imnp rfihgm pnm kmpkfbnp f bkpefqfxpk kmjx{n `nm f`rgsgbfbkp i{w pkm`geefp fxf ifmrkmkx ef bgprfm`gf kmrxk keenp% ef cgefkm fxkafp w xkfegqfx {mf kv{kf x{rf fexkbkbnx bk ef kp`{kef $NBnmnsfm%Eg`drgmjdfjkm% Dfxr% w Cenxw% 8??7'- Km ke `fpn bk v{k kprf f`rgsgbfb pk xkfeg`k% {mimgin bk bnp inmgrnxkp pkxm mk`kpfxgnp- [mn bk keenp gx fe cxkmrk w pkx kegmbg`fbn km df`kx rnbfp efp pkfegqf`gnmkp% w ke nrxn inmgrnx gx fe cgmfe bke jx{n% p{igpgm pkx henv{kfx enp `x{`kp `{fmbn pkf mk`kpfxgn- Enp fe{imnp pgkixk

kxifmk`kxm kmrxk enp bnp inmgrnxkp fjx{fbnp km fxkafp% fbkip kprfxmxndghgbnp enp fbkefmrfigkmrnp-

0- _XGM@G_FEKP BGCKXKM@GFP BK HGLKFHGEGRW @NM EF KB[@FGM SGFEKP_FNEF-

) Enp fe{imnp fxkmbkm km {m kmrnxmn xkfe w fhgkxrn fe rxcg`n-

) _fxf fxrg`gfx bkhkm `{iegx rnbfp efp mnxifp $`fp`n% `dfek`nxkcek`rfmrk w hg`gèkrf km h{km kprfbn'-

) Ktgprkm bnp npg`gnmkp km ef `fxxkrkxf1 _npg`gm _xgifxgf w _npg`gmPk`{mbfxgf- Km Kpff% pk nhegjf f `gx`{efx en ip xtgin fe hnxbgeennpghek $C{mbf`gm Ifcxk% 8??8< BJR% 8??4'-

) Ef cnxif bk pkfegqf`gm pgkixk pkx `nm ke hxfqn rnrfeikmrk ktrkmbgbnw ef feif bk ef ifmn fhgkxrf w efmf f bgckxkm`gf `nm Kpff v{kktgprkm bnp cnxifp bk pkfegqf`gm $hxfqn ktrkmbgbn n hxfqn bnhefbn wdf`gf fxxghf' w km bnmbk ef ifmn rgkmk v{k kprfx igxfmbn df`gf ke p{ken$C{mbf`gm Ifcxk% 8??8< BJR% 8??4'-

) Ke `fihgn bk pkmrgbn mn pk pkfegqf- Kprn pk bkhk f v{k pen kprkxigrgbn xkfegqfxen `{fmbn mn pk fxntgif mgmjm skd`{en nx ef sf%

`nm en `{fe mfbgk skxf m{kprxf pkfegqf`gm% fp v{k fxf v{ df`kxef-) Kpr rnrfeikmrk xndghgbn `gx`{efx nx efp f`kxfp- Km Kpff% fej{mnp

fw{mrfigkmrnp dfm inbgcg`fbn ef mnxifrgsf bk `gx`{ef`gm fxf kxigrgxv{k enp {p{fxgnp bke xprfin hg`gèkrfp i{mg`gfekp {kbfm {rgegqfxefppnhxk efp f`kxfp-


18/97


64

2- @NM@E[PGNMKP-

Hglkfhgegrw kp {m h{km xnwk`rn kb{`frgsn- Kpr hgkm efmgcg`fbn%rkinxfegqfbn w kprx{`r{xfbn- Rgkmk {mnp nhakrgsnp èfxnp w `nm`gpnp% enp `{fekp f efskq% w kprn kp i{w ginxrfmrk% pnm xkfekp w fe`fmqfhekp nx enp fe{imnp- Enp

`nmrkmgbnp pnm kxck`rfikmrk gbkmrgcg`fhekp- Efp rfxkfp kprm hgkm kprx{`r{xfbfp wef xnjxkpgm kprfhek`gbf km `fbf {mf bk keefp kxigrk v{k ef jxfm ifwnxf bk enpfe{imnp fe`fm`km enp nhakrgsnp- Fe cgmfe bke `{xpn enp `xgrkxgnp bk ksfe{f`gm kprmèfxfikmrk ifx`fbnp w pnm nhakrgsnp% `nm en `{fe rnbnp enp fe{imnp pfhkmc`geikmrk ke mgske fe`fmqfbn- Fbkip bk rnbn kprn% enp fe{imnp fe cgmfe bke `{xpnxk`ghkm {m `kxrgcg`fbn w {m hxn`dk n `dff `nm ke mgske enjxfbn% en `{fe ekp pgxsk bkinrgsf`gm fxf rxfhfafx fbk`{fbfikmrk b{xfmrk rnbf ef b{xf`gm bke `{xpn-

_nx p{ fxrk enp inmgrnxkp fbkip bk gifxrgx efp èfpkp% kprm nhegjfbnp fxkfegqfx w xkeekmfx rnbnp enp bfp w xksgfikmrk fe `nigkmqn bk ef èfpk ke cnxi{efxgnbk ksfe{f`gm bk xgkpjnp- Fe cgmfegqfx `fbf {mf bk efp pkpgnmkp rfihgm kprm

nhegjfbnp f xkeekmfx ef dnaf xkjgprxn bk `fbf fe{imn% f rxfsp bk keef `fbf fe{imnkp ksfe{fbn f bgfxgn $ksfe{f`gm `nmrgm{f'% bk kprk inbn v{kbfm xkcekafbnp enpnhakrgsnp `nmpkj{gbnp nx `fbf fe{imn `fbf bf- Fe cgmfe bke `{xpn% km c{m`gm bkenp nhakrgsnp fe`fmqfbnp `fbf fe{imn xk`ghgx ke `kxrgcg`fbn `nm ke mgske fe`fmqfbn-

@nin skinp Hglkfhgegrw kp {m xnwk`rn pkxgn w kcg`fq% bkpbk m{kprxn {mrnbk sgprf bkhkxf pkx rkmgbn km `{kmrf fxf ikanxfx km ef ikbgbf bk en npghek efKb{`f`gm Sgfe v{k gifxrginp km m{kprxfp kp`{kefp- V{gqp f rxfsp bk kprkxnwk`rn m{kprxnp fe{imnp pkxm ip `nmp`gkmrkp bk ef mk`kpgbfb bk xkpkrfx w`{iegx efp mnxifp bk rxcg`n% f ef skq v{k bgpigm{gxkinp enp f``gbkmrkp bk rxcg`n-W mn mnp nesgbkinp bk en ip ginxrfmrk% v{gqp nbfinp `nmpkj{gx kprn

cnikmrfmbn ke bknxrk w ef f`rgsgbfb cpg`f% km kprk `fpn km fxrg`{efx ef x`rg`fbke gègpin-

;- MNRF BKE F[RNX-

Kp c{mbfikmrfe rkmkx km `{kmrf v{k rnbfp% efp kteg`f`gnmkp w cnrnjxfcfp`nxxkpnmbkm fe inbken bk `gx`{ef`gm bke Xkgmn [mgbn% km bnmbk pk `gx`{ef nx efgqv{gkxbf- _nx en rfmrn% km {m inbken bk `gx`{ef`gm `nin ke bk Kpff $nx efbkxk`df' rnbn en fv{ kt{kprn bkhk pkx fe `nmrxfxgn- _nx kakien% ef npg`gm bkekbfe km efp bnp km {mrn mn bkhkx pkx ef bke kbfe bkxk`dn pgmn bke gqv{gkxbn-N `{fmbn pk igxf bkrxp m{kprxn mn pkx f rxfsp bke dnihxn bkxk`dn pgmn bke

gqv{gkxbn-

3- FJXFBK@GIGKMRNP

Ik j{prfxf bfxek efp jxf`gfp f ef kxpnmf pgm ef `{fe kprk fxr`{en mn pkxf enigpin- Keef kp ef rxfb{`rnxf k gmrxxkrk Fmbxkf _xkq)Fxb{f-

:- XKCKXKM@GFP HGHEGNJXCG@FP-

Fmbkxpnm% M-% H{xxnzp% I-% NBnmnsfm% J-% En{jdkkb% N-% Ifdk% @-% _fwmk% X-% w

Zge`nt% I- $8??7'1 @wèk Rxfgmgmj Gmprx{`rnx1 @n{xpk Dfmbhnnl- Ifm`dkprkx1 Hxgrgprd@wègmj Ckbkxfrgnm-


19/97


67

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Cnxkprkx% A- $6770'1 Kcck`rgsk @wègmj- Ifppf`d{pkrrp- Rdk IGR _xkpp-

C{mbf`gm Ifcxk $8??8'1 J{f bke `gègprf Ifcxk- C{mbf`gm Ifcxk $Gmprgr{rn bkpkj{xgbfb sgfe'-

C{mbf`gm Ifcxk $8??8'1 Cg`dfp bk Rxfhfan Ifcxk- C{mbf`gm Ifcxk $Gmprgr{rn bkpkj{xgbfb sgfe'-

C{mbf`gm Ifcxk $8??8'1 J{f [mf fskmr{xf fxf `gègprfp bk gbf w s{kerf1 dfqen rigpin- C{mbf`gm Ifcxk $Gmprgr{rn bk pkj{xgbfb sgfe'-

Ifxrm Xnbxj{kq% G-% Jfx`f J{rgxxkq F-% Jfx`f Ekq% E- I- $8??:'1 Ef Kb{`f`gmSgfe km ef kxf bgjgrfe1 {mf ktkxgkm`gf bk bkpfxxneen bk {m rkif rxfmpskxpfe kmKb{`f`gm Cpg`f- Bn`km`gf k Gmskprgjf`gm1 xksgprf bk ef Kp`{kef [mgskxpgrfxgf bkIfjgprkxgn bk Rnekbn- 08 $6:'16?0)664-

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NBnmnsfm% J-% En{jdkkb% N- w Zge`nt% I- $8??7'1 Hglkfhgegrw1 Ekske 0 @wèk RxfgmgmjZnxlhnnl- Ifm`dkprkx1 Hxgrgprd @wègmj Ckbkxfrgnm-

NBnmnsfm% J-% Eg`drgmjdfjkm% S-% Dfxr% S-% w Cenxw% L- $8??7'1 Hglkfhgegrw1 InsgmjJxn{ Znxlhnnl- Ifm`dkprkx1 Hxgrgprd @wègmj Ckbkxfrgnm-

Xnpkmbn Xfinp% B- $8?6?'1 Ef kb{`f`gm sgfe `nin rkif rxfmpskxpfe- Pksgeef1Zfm`k{ekm-

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Ck`df bk xk`k`gm1 8.7.8?6?Ck`df bk f`krf`gm1 62.7.8?6?


20/97


8?

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Bkmrxn bk ef gmskprgjf`gm xkfegqfbf% skxkinp ef ksne{`gm cfsnxfhekxkpk`rn fe rgkin bk gmg`gn bk ef pkpgm w ktfigmfxkinp km xnc{mbgbfb `fbf {mfbk efp ikbgbfp rnifbfp% nmgkmbn kpk`gfe mcfpgp km efp kprxfrkjgfp pg`nejg`fp%w ip `nm`xkrfikmrk% km ke xnjxfif bk k`nmnif bk cg`dfp kck`r{fbn-

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21/97


86

6- GMRXNB[@@GM-

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Bkpbk ke rgkin rnrfe v{k rgkmk ke xnjxfif dfprf% ef b{xf`gm bk {mf èfpkmnxife bk K-C w ke rgkin xkfe v{k pk bkbg`f f ef rfxkf `nm`xkrf% ktgprk {mfbkjxfbf`gm n xkb{``gm bke rgkin- Pg fmfegqfinp bkrkmgbfikmrk enp rgkinp v{k`nktgprkm km {mf pkpgm bk K-C% nbkinp `nmprfrfx v{k ke rgkin bk `nixnigpninrnx n bk x`rg`f inrxgq w f`rgsgbfb bke fe{imn {kbk pkx xkfeikmrk nhxk- Kprfxkb{``gm bk rgkin pk ek eefi kck`rn kih{bn $_gxnm% 6744'-

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a{kjf {m fke c{mbfikmrfe km ef kxpk`{`gm bk ef ifwnxf bk enp nhakrgsnp km efkmpkfmqf bk efp f`rgsgbfbkp cpg`fp-

Ke rgkipn bk pfxrg`gpf`gm inrxgq k rxfrf bke rgkipn v{k ke fe{imn pffkck`rgsfikmrk km f`rgsgbfb inrxgq b{xfmrk ef kgm bk kb{`f`gm cg`f- $_gxnm%6743% -03' Kp {m gmbg`fbnx bk ef `nikrkm`gf jkmkxfe bke xnckpnx w p{kek {rgegqfxpk`nin `xgrkxgn bk kcg`f`gf bn`kmrk% `nmsgxrgmbnpk km {m ikbgfbnx nx ke `{fe efgmprx{``gm w efp gmrkxskm`gnmkp bke kmpkfmrk pk rxfmpcnxifm km fxkmbgqfak bk enpfe{imnp-

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22/97


88

kxifmkm`gf km enp skpr{fxgnp% dkinp xkfegqfbn {mf gmskprgjf`gm bk ìninbgcg`fx kprf `nmb{`rf f {m jx{n bk 8 bk ef KPN `nmprgr{gbn nx 63 fe{imnp w 4fe{imfp% pgkmbn ke nhakrgsn bk kprf feg`f`gm% bgpigm{gx ke rgkin v{k rxfmp`{xxkkmrxk v{k rn`f ef pgxkmf w pk kigkqf f bfx èfpk-

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23/97


80

8- IRNBN-

Ef ikrnbnenjf v{k {rgegqfxkinp pkx ef gmskprgjf`gm)f``gm% {kprn v{km{kprxn nhakrgsn pkx `nmn`kx ef xkfegbfb v{k mnp frfk w f ef skq f`r{fxrxfmpcnxifmbn enp `ninxrfigkmrnp w efp f`rgr{bkp bk m{kprxnp fe{imnp% {rgegqfmbnfxf keen bgskxpfp kprxfrkjgfp bk nxbkm pg`nejg`n w kbfjjg`n-

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kxa{bg`fbnp-


24/97


82

)JX[_N GG1 cnxifbn nx fe{imnp v{k p{kekm rfxbfx hfprfmrk km `fihgfxpk $4)66'- Pk rxfrf bk fe{imnp bk {m mgske f`fbig`n ikbgn)hfan w {mf frgr{b fxf efK-C ferf- Bkmrxn bk kprk jx{n {hg`fxkinp f enp if`dnp v{k pk `fxf`rkxgqfm nx p{dfhgegbfb keksfbf w nx pkx enp ebkxkp bk ef èfpk w f enp if`dnp a{mgnx bk pgigefx`ninxrfigkmrn% f{mv{k {m kp`fem nx bkhfan bk keenp- Xkpk`rn f efp fe{imfp

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)JX[_N GGG1 pk rxfrf bk {m jx{n ktè{pgsn bk fe{imfp $2 km rnrfe' v{kpgkixk kmrxfm `nm ef èfpk kikqfbf w rfxbfm {m rgkin bkpikp{xfbn kmskpr{fxgnp- Pk rxfrf bk fe{imfp bk {m mgske f`fbig`n ikbgn)hfan w {mf frgr{bfxf ef K-C hfaf- Bkmrxn bk kprk jx{n% pgj{gkmbn f Jxgccgm% kprfxfm efp`dkkxekfbkxp w efp i{akxkp cfrfekp v{k pk `fxf`rkxgqfm% fihnp `fpnp% nx p{cferf bk inrgsf`gm w xnhekifp bk bgp`gegmf-

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8-6 FMEGPGP C[M@GNMFE-

F `nmrgm{f`gm xkfegqfxkinp {m fmegpgp c{m`gnmfe gmrkjxfmbn enp bgckxkmrkp`ninmkmrkp gieg`fbnp km ef `nmb{`rf% bk cnxif pgprkirg`f% hfpmbnpk km p{pxkef`gnmkp c{m`gnmfekp-

Ke fmegpgp c{m`gnmfe bk ef `nmb{`rf kxigrk ef gbkmrgcg`f`gm bk efp xkef`gnmkpc{m`gnmfekp `f{pfekp% xkeksfmrkp w `nmrxnefhekp% feg`fbfp f {m `nma{mrn kpk`cg`nbk `nmb{`rfp)ikrf $Igefjxnp Kqv{kxxn% 8??4'-

Bk kprf cnxif bgckxkm`gfinp {mfp sfxgfhekp nhpkxsfhekp $èfpk bk K-C%kt`kpgsn rgkin km skpr{fxgnp w ef xkxgikmbf bke xnckpnx'% {mfp sfxgfhekp gmckxgbfp$kin`gnmkp w sfenxf`gnmkp p{hakrgsfp' w {mfp sfxgfhekp bk `nmrktrn $fihgkmrfekp'-


25/97


8;

Cgj{xf 0- @{fbxn bk fmegpgp c{m`gnmfe bk ef `nmb{`rf-

8-8 NHAKRGSNP-

Hfpmbnmnp km kprk fmegpgp c{m`gnmfe kprfhek`kxkinp {mnp nhakrgsnp1Bgpigm{gx ke rgkin bk gmg`gn bk ef pkpgm% keksfmbn enp mgskekp bk

`nixnigpn inrnx bk enp fe{imnp-

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Gm`{e`fx {mnp sfenxkp bk xkpnmpfhgegbfb w {mr{fegbfb-

Bfx f `nmn`kx ef mk`kpgbfb bk eekjfx {mr{fe f `efpk `nin grki bkksfe{f`gm% bkmrxn bke henv{k f`rgr{bgmfe% fxf ef mnrf cgmfe bk ef ifrkxgf-

8-0 R@MG@FP W KPRXFRKJGFP BK GMRKXSKM@GM-

F `nmrgm{f`gm gxkinp km{ikxfmbn `xnmnejg`fikmrk efp ikbgbfp v{k pkdfm kprfhek`gbn1

6' Ef xgikxf ikbgbf f rnifx% c{k gmskprgjfx pg kprk ife dhgrn bk `nmb{`rfpk bkhf f ktkxgkm`gfp xksgfp bk enp fe{imnp% kp bk`gx% pg kp cx{rn kprk`ninxrfigkmrn bk {xpnp fmrkxgnxkp-

_fxf keen c{k mk`kpfxgn rkmkx {mf xk{mgm `nm ke xkprn bk xnckpnxkp bkebkfxrfikmrn% df`gmbnekp skx ef mk`kpgbfb bk gm`{e`fx km enp fe{imnp% bkpbk 6bk ef KPN $en gbkfe pkxf bkpbk xgifxgf'% {mnp sfenxkp bk xkpnmpfhgegbfb%

{mr{fegbfb w bk `nixnigpn- Kprnp sfenxkp sfm f kprfx i{w xkpkmrkp km ef sgbffb{erf% pgkmbn {mn bk enp nhakrgsnp bk ef KPN% cnxifx fe{imnp `nikrkmrkp v{k pk

_kxpnmfegbfb w sfenxkp bk `fbf fe{imnKtkxgkm`gfp xksgfp

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26/97


83

fbfrkm pgm xnhekifp f p{ kmrnxmn xtgin w pk {kbfm xnwk`rfx ekmfikmrk`nin `g{bfbfmnp w igkihxnp bk {mf pn`gkbfb-

Fbkip bk bkafx èfxn kprk rkif% pk gmpgprg km ef mk`kpgbfb bk xkpkrfx enpdnxfxgnp kprfhek`gbnp% bk ifmkxf v{k ef pfegbf bk skpr{fxgnp bke jx{n fmrkxgnx mn

`ngm`gbf `nm ef kmrxfbf bke jx{n nprkxgnx-

8' Ef pgj{gkmrk ikbgbf c{k xkfegqfx {mf `dfxef `nek`rgsf% enp 6? xgikxnpigm{rnp bk ef èfpk pgj{gkmrk% gmcnxifmbn f enp fe{imnp bk efp kprxfrkjgfp w r`mg`fpbk gmrkxskm`gm% fxf frfafx kprk xnhekif- Pkjm enp xgm`ggnp kbfjjg`npkm{m`gfbnp nx F- Pkwhneb $67:2'% w km `nm`xkrn% ke xgm`ggn bk eghkxrfb% dfhef bkef mk`kpgbfb v{k ke fe{imn `nmnq`f èfxfikmrk ke xnwk`rn kbfjjg`n fxfnbkx gieg`fxpk eghxkikmrk% w rfihgm% fxf `nmcgj{xfx p{ fxrk bk eghkxrfb-

B{xfmrk kprf `dfxef pk ikm`gnmfxnm efp pgj{gkmrkp ikbgbfp1

8-6' Km xgikx e{jfx kp mk`kpfxgn inprxfx `nixkmpgm w kifrf f enpfe{imnp% kmrkmbgkmbn ef ginxrfm`gf v{k ek `nm`kbkm f p{ ffxgkm`gf cpg`f% kxndf`gmbnekp skx ef mk`kpgbfb bk kprfhek`kx {mfp mnxifp bk bgp`gegmf% pgkmbnmk`kpfxgn bkpfxxneefx {m jxfbn bk `nixnigpn nx p{ fxrk $xgm`ggn bkxkpnmpfhgegbfb'-

Kp gixkp`gmbghek v{k ke xnckpnx bki{kprxk f{rnxgbfb% kxn hfpfbf km efbkinprxf`gm xf`gnmfe bk `nmn`gigkmrnp w km ke `fx`rkx d{ifmn% c{mbfikmrfbfkm ke bgenjn w km ef rnif bk bk`gpgnmkp `nmpkmp{fbfp $Hfxhf% 8??7'-

8-8' Bfx f `nmn`kx f enp fe{imnp ef efmgeef bk `nmrxne f`rgr{bgmfe w efpbgckxkmrkp `frkjnxfp v{k pk {mrfm fxf p{ ksfe{f`gm- Ke nhakrgsn kp df`kxekp skx

v{k ef {mr{fegbfb kp {mn bk kprnp rkip w v{k kp `fegcg`fbf-

[MGBFB BGBF@RG@F1^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

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@nipnxrfigkmrn pxncknx1 xkpkrf efp mnxifpkprfhek`gbfp nx ke xnckpnx w j{fxbf pgekm`gn km p{p

kteg`f`gnmkp-

@nipnxrfigkmrn fe{imn1 `ninxrfigkmrnp npgrgsnpdf`gf p{p `nifkxnp $`nnkxf`gm% rnekxfm`gf wxkpkrn' ksgrfmbn enp mkjfrgsnp $gmbgsgb{fegpin nfjxkpgsgbfb'-

_fxrg`gpf`gm1 fxrg`gf w `nefhnxf km efp f`rgsgbfbkpxn{kprfp% `nnkxfmbn km p{ xkfegqf`gm% rfmrn `nmp{p `nifkxnp% `nin `nm ke xnckpnx-


27/97


8:

_{mr{fegbfb1 eekjf fe jgimfpgn fmrkp bk enp ; igm{rnpkprg{efbnp bk bkpefqfigkmrn w `fihgn bk xnf-

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Dgjgkmk1 fbnrf enp dhgrnp bk dgjgkmk w egigkqfkxpnmfe f`nxbfbnp-

Xkpkrn fe ifrkxgfe k gmrfef`gnmk1 {rgegqf bk cnxiffbk`{fbf enp ifrkxgfekp w `{gbf f p{ skq ke kmrnxmn

bnmbk pk bkpfxxneefm-

Cgj{xf 2- Kakien bk {mf efmgeef bk `nmrxne f`rgr{bgmfe w p{p bgckxkmrkp rkip

8-0 Ef xgm`gfe kprxfrkjgf v{k dk eeksfbn f `fhn df pgbn ef kefhnxf`gm bk{m xnjxfif bk k`nmnif bk cg`dfp- Pk rxfrf bk {mf r`mg`f bk inbgcg`f`gm bk ef`nmb{`rf hfpfbf km ke `nmbg`gnmfigkmrn nkxfmrk% bnmbk {m jx{n bk gmbgsgb{np{kbkm jfmfx cg`dfp nx kigrgx bgskxpfp `nmb{`rfp bkpkfhekp% w km ke v{k efp cg`dfp{kbkm pkx `fmakfbfp nx xkcnxqfbnxkp bk fnwn $Ifxrgm w _kfx% 6777% fj-06:'-

_nx rfmrn% pk df kefhnxfbn {mf efmgeef bnmbk pk xk`njk f rnbnp enp fe{imnp%

v{k pkx `nejfbf km ef fxkb bke jgimfpgn w bnmbk enp 68 xgikxnp fe{imnp v{kpfejfm `fihgfbnp bk skpr{fxgnp xk`ghgxm {m {mrn- F p{ skq ef `efpk bfx`nigkmqn `nm kprk mikxn bk fe{imnp pgm kpkxfx f ef gm`nxnxf`gm bk {m mikxnifwnx- F mgske gmbgsgb{fe% fv{keenp fe{imnp v{k `nmpgjfm km rnbfp efp pkpgnmkp bkef [-B $7 km rnrfe' {m {mrn% `nmpkj{gxm `nin xkign {m bgenif f p{ h{km`ninxrfigkmrn w {mr{fegbfb% kmrxkjfbn nx ke xnckpnx-

Cgj{xf ;- Kakien bk {m bgenif `nin xk`nikmpf n xkcnxqfbnx cgmfe-


28/97


84

Ef gmrkm`gm bk kprk xnjxfif kp xkigfx w xkcnxqfx ef `nmb{`rf bk fv{keenpfe{imnp v{k `nm ip `kekxgbfb kprm egprnp fxf gmg`gfx ef `efpk% kp bk`gx% gxfbkprgmfbf pnhxk rnbn f enp fe{imnp km`fpgeefbnp km ke jx{n G% v{k fmrkp dfhfinpktfigmfbn-

Ke dk`dn bk ncxk`kxekp `nin xk`nikmpf cgmfe {m bgenif% pk bkhk f efpfrgpcf``gm kxpnmfe v{k enjxfm enp fe{imnp fe `nmpkj{gx {m `nmrxfrn kp`xgrn bnmbkpk ktxkpf n rxfb{`k p{ h{km `ninxrfigkmrn- F p{ skq `nmprgr{wk {m xkcnxqfbnxpn`gfe {kprn v{k pk p{kek rxfb{`gx km kenjgnp skxhfekp% frkm`gm n `nmrf`rn cpg`nnx nrxnp `nifkxnp v{k mn `nmpgj{gkxnm kprf xk`nikmpf cgmfe n nx enp igpinpcfigegfxkp bke fe{imn-

F mgske jx{fe% pg km efp 7 pkpgnmkp v{k `ninmkm ef [-B pk bf nx gmg`gfbnef`efpk fmrkp bk v{k fpkm enp ; igm{rnp kprg{efbnp fxf ke bkpefqfigkmrn w`fihgn bk xnf km skpr{fxgnp% enp fe{imnp nbxm kekjgx ef rkirg`f bk ef ergif{mgbfb bgb`rg`f v{k pk xkfegqfx km ke 0 rxgikprxk-

Ikbgfmrk kprk xnjxfif gmrkmrfinp kprgi{efx fe jx{n km jkmkxfe w kmkpk`gfe f enp jx{np GG w GGG- Xkpk`rn fe jx{n GG% cnxifbn km p{ ifwnxf nxfe{imnp `nm {m mgske bk frgr{b fxf ef K-C fern% `nmpgbkxfinp v{k mk`kpgrfm {mfferf kprgi{ef`gm fxf v{k p{ xkmbgigkmrn pkf rgin- Ef nnxr{mgbfb bk kekjgx efrkirg`f bk ef ergif {mgbfb bgb`rg`f bke `{xpn kp {mf frxf`rgsf xk`nikmpf%`nin fxf bgpigm{gx ke rgkin km skpr{fxgnp-

Fihnp xnjxfifp kxigrkm `{fmrgcg`fx ef kigpgm bk `nmb{`rfp fxngfbfp%bk ifmkxf gmbgsgb{fe w jx{fe- Fbkip% ef {rgegqf`gm bk xkcnxqfbnxkpgmrkxikbgfxgnp `nin enp {mrnp% {kbk rkmkx ke kck`rn bke xkcnxqfigkmrn pn`gfe%

{kprn v{k enp fe{imnp `nmpgj{km kprnp {mrnp v{k pnm fmnrfbnp km ef efmgeefrkmgkmbn f``kpn enp fe{imnp f keef w pgmrgmbnpk xk`nmn`gbnp nx xnckpnx w xkprnbk fe{imnp-

Bkhkinp bk rkmkx km `{kmrf efp inrgsf`gnmkp k gmrkxkpkp bk enp fe{imnp fekprfhek`kx efp xk`nikmpfp cgmfekp% kprfmbn pkj{xnp bk v{k ke xkcnxqfbnx cgmfe pkfpgjmgcg`frgsn w frxf`rgsn fxf ke fe{imn% {bgkmbn kprfhek`kx bgckxkmrkp ferkxmfrgsfpfe `fmakfx enp {mrnp n {bgkmbn fpfx bgskxpfp km`{kprfp fxf `nmn`kx `nmktf`rgr{b p{p j{prnp-

8-2 _nx nrxn efbn% `fbf skq v{k pk fmnrk {m {mrn f {m fe{imn% nx pkx

{mr{fe% pk ek `nm`kbkx {m kpri{en jxfrgcg`fmrk% kp bk`gx% {m xkc{kxqn npgrgsn1 Hgkmdk`dn&% fef{bgx& $H{`krf% 6774'-

[m xkc{kxqn npgrgsn `nmpgprk km ef xkpkmrf`gm bk {m kpri{en fjxfbfhekbkp{p bk ef kak`{`gm bk ef `nmb{`rf bkpkfbf% `nm ef gmrkm`gm bk f{ikmrfx efxnhfhgegbfb bk v{k pk kigrf km {m c{r{xn bg`df `nmb{`rf-


29/97


87

Cgj{xf 3- F``gm bke xnjxfif bk xkcnxqfigkmrn pnhxk ke fe{imn-

Ke xnjxfif bk xkcnxqfigkmrn pkx gmikbgfrn w `nmrgm{n% kp bk`gx% `fbf skqv{k ke fe{imn xkfeg`k ef `nmb{`rf bkpkfbf pk ek `nm`kbkx ke kpri{enjxfrgcg`fmrk $xfqm cgaf'-

Km `fihgn pk ekp `nm`kbkx {m kpri{en fskxpgsn $`fprgjn npgrgsn1 V{dnxfp pnm kprfp&' f enp fe{imnp v{k eekj{km rfxbk% pgkmbn kprf `nmb{`rf `fprgjfbfw bgpigm{wkmbn ef xnhfhgegbfb bk v{k pk xkgrf km ke c{r{xn-

8-; _nx ergin% w bkpbk {m {mrn bk sgprf kbfjjg`n% ef fxrk gmg`gfe bk efpkpgm pk xkfegqfx bk {mf ifmkxf frxf`rgsf w inrgsfmrk fxf enp fe{imnpgmce{wkmbn npgrgsfikmrk km {mf bgpigm{`gm bke rgkin km skpr{fxgnp% f{ikmrfmbnbk kprf ifmkxf ke rgkin bk `nixnigpn inrnx bk enp fe{imnp- _nx en rfmrn%ksgrfxkinp ke `fekmrfigkmrn rxfbg`gnmfe% ffbgkmbn a{kjnp w kv{kfp`nikrg`gnmkp fxf f`rgsfx ke nxjfmgpin% h{p`fmbn ef fxrg`gf`gm w ef`nmpk`{kmrk kprgi{ef`gm w frkm`gm bk enp fe{imnp $xgm`ggn bk gmrkxp'-

Ef feg`f`gm bk kprfp r`mg`fp dfm pgbn {kprfp km x`rg`f f en efxjn bk ef{mgbfb bgb`rg`f bk hfenmifmn v{k pk df eeksfbn f `fhn bkpbk ke 8;.8.8??7dfprf ke 8;.0.8??7-

_nx rfmrn% efp pkpgnmkp km v{k dkinp {kprn km x`rg`f kprfp ikbgbfp dfmpgbn {m rnrfe bk m{ksk% bnmbk dkinp nhpkxsfbn {m `fihgn km ef f`rgr{b bk enpfe{imnp w dkinp xkjgprxfbn bk ifmkxf `{fmrgrfrgsf enp rgkinp bk gmg`gn bk efppkpgnmkp-

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Kenjgn gmikbgfrn bke

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Pk cnxrfek`k kefxkmbgqfak bk ef

f``gm

Pk cnxrfek`k efinrgsf`gm nx gmg`gfx

ef pkpgm bk K-C


30/97


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PKPGNMKP 6 8 0 2 ; 3 : 4 7 _XKIGNFe{imn 6 T T T T T T T T T TFe{imf 8 T T T T TFe{imn 0 T T T T T T T T T TFe{imf 2

Fe{imf ; T T T TFe{imf 3


31/97


06

Fe{imf :Fe{imn 4 T T T T T T T T T TFe{imn 7Fe{imf 6? T T T T TFe{imn 66 T T T T T T T T T TFe{imn 68 T T T T T TFe{imf 60Fe{imn 62 TFe{imn 6; T T T T T TFe{imn 63 T T T T T T T T T TFe{imn 6:Fe{imn 64Fe{imn 67 T TFe{imn 8? T T T T T T T T TFe{imn 86 T T T T TFe{imn 88 T T T T T T T TFe{imn 80 T T T T T T T TFe{imf 82 T T T T

@EFPK T T T T T T T T T T

Rfhef 2- _efmgeef bke xnjxfif bk k`nmnif bk cg`dfp {rgegqfbn f en efxjn bk ef [-B w `nejfbn km ef fxkb bkejgimfpgn

)Ke {mrn bk gmcektgm n bf v{k fmrkp pk df kikqfbn ef pkpgm df pgbn ke2.0.?7 $0160'

)Ke bf v{k ip rgkin pk rfxb km gmg`gfx ef `efpk fmrkp bke kprfhek`gigkmrnbk efp r`mg`fp w kprxfrkjgfp c{k ke 66.8.?7 $:108'- Ke bf v{k ikmnp pk rfxb c{k ke62.6.?7 $2126'-

)Ke bf v{k ip pk rfxb km gmg`gfx ef `efpk bkp{p bk dfhkx rnifbn efpikbgbfp bg`dfp c{k ke 8:.0.?7 $2167'- Ke bf v{k ikmnp pk rfxb c{k ke 2.0.?7 $0160'-

)Kp `{xgnpn v{k ef ck`df v{k ikmnp pk rfxb km kikqfx ef pkpgm fmrkp bke{mrn bk gmcektgm pkf ifwnx v{k ke bf v{k ip pk rfxb `nm ke kprfhek`gigkmrnbk efp kprxfrkjgfp bk gmrkxskm`gm-

)Fmrkp bk kprfhek`kx efp kprxfrkjgfp ef ikbgf bk rgkin fxf kikqfx efpkpgm kxf bk 3108-

)Bkp{p bk kprn kp 01;6- Ef bgckxkm`gf kp bk `fpg 0 igm{rnp-

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)Dfprf 6: fe{imnp rgkmkm fejm npgrgsn f en efxjn bk ef [mgbfb Bgb`rg`f bkHfenmifmn-

): fe{imnp $2 dg`fp w 0 dg`np' mn xkpkmrfm mgmjm npgrgsn-


32/97


08

)3 fe{imnp $rnbnp sfxnmkp' dfm nhrkmgbn ke xkign cgmfe% kp bk`gx% rgkmkm {m{mrn km rnbfp efp pkpgnmkp-

)Dfprf 60 fe{imnp $66 `dg`np w 8 `dg`fp' xkpkmrfm npgrgsn km ip bke ;?+bk efp pkpgnmkp-

)Pk df nhrkmgbn ef xk`nikmpf jx{fe fe kikqfx ef pkpgm pgkixk nxbkhfan bk enp ; igm{rnp ncg`gfekp bk bkpefqfigkmrn w `fihgn bk èfpk-

2- BGP@[PGM-

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Jx{n G1 fe{imnp.fp v{k eekjfhfm rkixfmn f èfpk $7)66'1

Dfm pgbn enp xgm`gfekp hkmkcg`gfxgnp bk efp kprxfrkjgfp bk gmrkxskm`gmrnifbfp- Kprfp ikbgbfp ekp dfm pkxsgbn gmè{pn fxf kprgi{efxenp ip w eekjfx iprkixfmn f èfpk- Df pgbn i{w `{xgnpn nbkx nhpkxsfxekp `nin kmrxfhfm`nxxgkmbn% f inbn bk `nikrg`gm% `nm ke nhakrgsn bk v{k ke xnckpnx ekp fmnrfxf{m {mrn km ef efmgeef w pkmrgxpk pfrgpck`dnp `nmpgjn igpin-

Fbkip bk kprn% ke dk`dn bk xk`ghgx fbkip {m kpri{en jxfrgcg`fmrk nxkc{kxqn npgrgsn $Hgkm Dk`dn&' ekp df`f pkmrgx hgkm w rkmfm `nm`gkm`gf v{k p{h{kmf `nmb{`rf ghf f pkx `fegcg`fbf w xk`nikmpfbf-

_nx nrxn efbn ef ikbgbf bk kikqfx ef pkpgm `nm {m mikxn bk 68 fe{imnp%

ke igpin mikxn v{k xk`ghkm {mrnp% ekp df pkxsgbn fxf mn rkmkx v{k kpkxfx nxke xkprn bk p{p `nifkxnp w kikqfx bk cnxif gmprfmrmkf f xkfegqfx f`rgsgbfbcpg`f- Kprk dk`dn xkkx`{rg km {m f{ikmrn bk p{ inrgsf`gm-

Km `{fmrn fe jx{n bk fe{imfp $2' v{k np`gefhfm kmrxk ke jx{n G w GG%xkpkmrfm rnbfp kmrxk 2); {mrnp km ke xnjxfif- Pk nhpkxsf% `nin dkikm`gnmfbn fmrkp% {m fjxfbk`gigkmrn w pfrgpcf``gm kxpnmfe nx ke inrgsn bk skxv{k p{ h{km `ninxrfigkmrn kp xkigfbn- Pgm kihfxjn% km enp a{kjnp xkfegqfbnpkm enp `fekmrfigkmrnp% p{ inrgsf`gm w fxrg`gf`gm km èfpk pgj{k pgkmbn hfaf-

Jx{n GG1 fe{imnp v{k eekjfhfm rfxbk f èfpk $4)66 fe{imnp'1

Ikbgfmrk kprfp ikbgbfp dkinp enjxfbn v{k fej{mnp bk kprnp fe{imnp $0)2'pk fpkm fe xgikx jx{n< ke dk`dn bk nbkx kekjgx ef rkirg`f bk ef ergif {mgbfbbgb`rg`f bke `{xpn% ekp df pkxsgbn bk inrgsf`gm% fp `nin kck`r{fx ef fxrkkpk`cg`f bke `fekmrfigkmrn `nm a{kjnp w kv{kfp `nikrg`gnmkp- Kprnpfe{imnp% `nin dkinp ikm`gnmfbn fmrkxgnxikmrk% rgkmkm {mf h{kmf frgr{b fxfef kb{`f`gm cpg`f w mk`kpgrfm bk {mf ferf kprgi{ef`gm fxf v{k p{ xkmbgigkmrnpkf rgin- Fbkip rfmrn enp if`dnp w if`dnp a{mgnx pk p{kekm `fxf`rkxgqfxnx p{ ferf `nikrgrgsgbfb w kmr{pgfpin km ke a{kjn% cfsnxk`gkmbn kprfp ikbgbfpp{p gmrkxkpkp kxpnmfekp-


33/97


00

_nx nrxn efbn ke dk`dn bk kikqfx ef pkpgm `nm 68 fe{imnp ekp df f`rgsfbnf `fihgfxpk ip xgbfikmrk% bkafmbn frxp p{ `nmb{`rf rxfmv{gef w p{ fpnrgpinkm skpr{fxgnp-

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)En igpin n`{xxk `nm ef feg`f`gm bk xkc{kxqnp npgrgsnp- Kikqfxkinp `nm{m xnjxfif bk xfqm cgaf hfaf $6 km xgikx e{jfx% w bkp{p1 8% 0% 2' `nmrxgh{wkmbnkm jxfm ikbgbf f v{k ef `nmb{`rf f{ikmrk `nm xfgbkq gmg`gfeikmrk w f v{k`nigkm`k f `nmpnegbfxpk `nin `nmb{`rf dfhgr{fe-


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)_nx ergin% kp mk`kpfxgn pkj{gx xkfegqfmbn {mf xgikxf fxrk bk ef pkpgmfrxf`rgsf fxf ke fe{imn w f`nxbk f enp xgm`ggnp `nmprx{`rgsgprfp bke fxkmbgqfak%nrkm`gfmbn enp fxkmbgqfakp pgjmgcg`frgsnp w keksfmbn ef inrgsf`gm bke fe{imndf`gf ef ifrkxgf-

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@FPRXN% I-A< _GXNM% I- w JNMQEKQ% I-F $8??3'1 F`rgr{bkp w inrgsf`gm kmKb{`f`gm Cpg`f kp`nefx- Xkrn- M{ksf rkmbkm`gf km Kb{`f`gm Cg`f% Bkpnxrk wXk`xkf`gm% 6?% ;)88-

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Enp `nmrkmgbnp hpg`np bke xkf bk Kb{`f`gm Cpg`f% fpn`gfbnp f {m bknxrk`nin ke rkmgp% {kbkm rxfrfxpk bk ifmkxf gmrkxbgp`gegmfx `nm nrxnp `nmrkmgbnpsgm`{efbnp fe fxkmbgqfak bke gmjep- Bg`dnp `nmrkmgbnp pk fhnxbfmc{mbfikmrfeikmrk bkpbk enp xn`kbgigkmrnp% `nmpgj{gkmbn fp f{ikmrfx ef xgv{kqfbke xn`kpn bk kmpkfmqf w fxkmbgqfak f rxfsp bk kpf gmrkxxkef`gm% bke kmcnv{kjenhfe w bk ef npghgegbfb bk ktrxfnef`gm bke irnbn f nrxnp ihgrnp kb{`frgsnp wpn`gfekp- @nm`xkrfikmrk% {mn bk enp fpk`rnp ip ginxrfmrkp fxf ef fpgigef`gmbk kprk gbgnif pk `nxxkpnmbk `nm ke {pn bke ekmj{fak% kp bk`gx% `nm ef`ni{mg`f`gm nxfe w ef fbv{gpg`gm bk {mf fbk`{fbf `nikrkm`gf `ni{mg`frgsf-Fbkip bk {rgegqfx ke rkmgp `nin skd`{en ikbgfbnx bke ekmj{fak% f rxfsp bk enp

`nmrkmgbnp xn`kbgikmrfekp pk `nmprx{wkm pgr{f`gnmkp km efp `{fekp ke`nmn`gigkmrn bk {m sn`fh{efxgn kpk`cg`n kxigrk p{ kiekn km ke `nmrktrn bk efsgbf `nrgbgfmf- Fe igpin rgkin% ef x`rg`f bknxrgsf `nnkxfrgsf w ef f{rnmnif`nm`kbgbf f enp fe{imnp b{xfmrk efp pkpgnmkp% `nma{mrfikmrk `nm ke `nmn`gigkmrnbk enp `nm`krnp kpk`cg`np bk kprk bknxrk km kpfne k gmjep% kxigrk kekprfhek`gigkmrn bk pgr{f`gnmkp bk gmrkxf``gm kmrxk enp xngnp fe{imnp%cfsnxk`gkmbn bk kprk inbn {mf pkxgk bk ktkxgkm`gfp `ni{mg`frgsfp bgmig`fpv{k f{ikmrfm ef inrgsf`gm w nx rfmrn% ef kxikfhgegbfb df`gf enp m{ksnpfxkmbgqfakp-

_fxrgkmbn bk kprf xkef`gm% pk efmrkf {m kmcnv{k gmrkjxfbnx f rxfsp bke

bkpfxxneen bk {mf gmrkxskm`gm kb{`frgsf v{k sgm`{ek fihfp xkfp ikbgfmrk {mfxn{kprf x`rg`f hfpfbf km ef kmpkfmqf bke Gmjep% f rxfsp bk `nmrkmgbnp


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xkef`gnmfbnp `nm ef x`rg`f bknxrgsf km efp pkpgnmkp bk Kb{`f`gm Cpg`f%`nm`xkrfikmrk `nm {m bknxrk `nin ke rkmgp- Fp% pk ktnmkm {m `nma{mrn bk`nmrkmgbnp jenhfekp% )`nm`krnp% xn`kbgigkmrnp w f`rgr{bkp)% p{p`krghekp bk pkxbkpfxxneefbnp ikbgfmrk p{ fbfrf`gm f `{fev{gkxf enp mgskekp kb{`frgsnp- Feigpin rgkin% bkrkxigmfinp ef ikrnbnenjf bk kmpkfmqf kpk`cg`f kiekfbf

fxf ke rxfrfigkmrn bk kprnp `nmrkmgbnp% fp `nin ef xkef`gm bk enp igpinp f rxfspbk xkef`gnmkp gmrkxbgp`gegmfxkp% km {m gmrkmrn bk fxntgifx m{kprxf gmrkxskm`gm f{m kmcnv{k gmrkjxfbnx w jenhfegqfbnx v{k fnwk bkpbk kprk ihgrn ef `nmpk`{`gmbk kpf kb{`f`gm bk `fegbfb efmrkfbf bkpbk ef ENK-

Ef gmrkxxkef`gm kmrxk efp bgp`gegmfp bk Kb{`f`gm Cpg`f w efp ekmj{fpktrxfmakxfp $Gmjep' bkpbk {mf kxpk`rgsf v{k kxigrf ke bkpfxxneen bk f`rgsgbfbkp`nma{mrfp% bk ifmkxf v{k pk rxfrkm `nmrkmgbnp xkef`gnmfbnp `nm efp bnp xkfp bk`nmn`gigkmrn bkmrxn bk efp igpifp pkpgnmkp% fnwmbnpk {mf km ef nrxf f ef dnxfbk bkpfxxneefx bg`dnp `nmrkmgbnp f rxfsp bk p{ akxfxv{gqf`gm km `nm`krnp%xn`kbgigkmrnp w f`rgr{bkp- Kprk mnskbnpn efmrkfigkmrn p{nmk fbkip {m

`fihgn ginxrfmrk km ef ikrnbnenjf kiekfbf km ef gifxrg`gm bk fihfpfpgjmfr{xfp% en v{k xkv{kxgx {m kpc{kxqn nx fxrk bke xnckpnxfbn km ke bgpkn bkefp f`rgsgbfbkp% `nm ke cgm bk v{k xkfeikmrk pgxsfm fxf `{iegx `nm enp nhakrgsnpkprfhek`gbnp- Fe igpin rgkin% ef mnskbfb bk efp f`rgsgbfbkp `nmrxgh{gx fef{ikmrn bk ef inrgsf`gm km enp fe{imnp% wf v{k ksgrfx ef npghek inmnrnmfkprfhek`gbf km efp `efpkp `nmskm`gnmfekp-

8- ENP NHAKRGSNP BGB@RG@NP W P[ XKEF@GM @NM ENP NHAKRGSNPJKMKXFEKP BK XKF W KRF_F-

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Xkfe Bk`xkrn 6306.8??3

f' Fp{igx xkpnmpfhekikmrk p{p bkhkxkp% `nmn`kx w kakx`kx p{p bkxk`dnp kmke xkpkrn f enp bkip% xf`rg`fx ef rnekxfm`gf% ef `nnkxf`gm w ef pnegbfxgbfb


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kmrxk efp kxpnmfp w jx{np% kakx`grfxpk km ke bgenjn fcgfmqfmbn enp bkxk`dnpd{ifmnp `nin sfenxkp `ni{mkp bk {mf pn`gkbfb e{xfe w xkfxfxpk fxf kekakx`g`gn bk ef `g{bfbfmf bkin`xrg`f-

`' Sfenxfx w xkpkrfx ef bgckxkm`gf bk pktnp w ef gj{febfb bk bkxk`dnp w

nnxr{mgbfbkp kmrxk keenp- Xk`dfqfx enp kprkxknrgnp v{k p{nmjfm {mfbgp`xgigmf`gm kmrxk dnihxkp w i{akxkp-

k' Bkpfxxneefx bkprxkqfp hpg`fp km ef {rgegqf`gm bk efp c{kmrkp bk gmcnxif`gmfxf% `nm pkmrgbn `xrg`n% fbv{gxgx m{ksnp `nmn`gigkmrnp- Fbv{gxgx {mfxkfxf`gm hpg`f km ke `fin bk efp rk`mnenjfp% kpk`gfeikmrk efp bk efgmcnxif`gm w ef `ni{mg`f`gm-

l' @nmn`kx w f`krfx ke c{m`gnmfigkmrn bke xngn `{kxn w ke bk enp nrxnp%xkpkrfx efp bgckxkm`gfp% fcgfmqfx enp dhgrnp bk `g{bfbfmn w pfe{b `nxnxfekpk gm`nxnxfx ef kb{`f`gm cpg`f w ef x`rg`f bke bknxrk fxf cfsnxk`kx ke

bkpfxxneen kxpnmfe w pn`gfe- @nmn`kx w sfenxfx ef bgikmpgm d{ifmf bk efpkt{fegbfb km rnbf p{ bgskxpgbfb- Sfenxfx `xrg`fikmrk enp dhgrnp pn`gfekpxkef`gnmfbnp `nm ef pfe{b% ke `nmp{in% ke `{gbfbn bk enp pkxkp sgsnp w keikbgn fihgkmrk% `nmrxgh{wkmbn f p{ `nmpkxsf`gm w ikanxf-

8-0- NHAKRGSNP BK XKF-

Bk`xkrn- 806.8??:

0- Xkfegqfx rfxkfp bgxgjgbfp fe gm`xkikmrn bk efp npghgegbfbkp bk xkmbgigkmrn

inrnx% f ef ikanxf bk ef `nmbg`gm cpg`f fxf ef pfe{b w fe kxck``gnmfigkmrnbk efp c{m`gnmkp bk fa{prk% bnigmgn w `nmrxne `nxnxfe% fbnrfmbn {mf f`rgr{bbk f{rnktgjkm`gf km p{ kak`{`gm-

:- @nmn`kx w xkfegqfx f`rgsgbfbkp bknxrgsfp w xk`xkfrgsfp gmbgsgb{fekp%`nek`rgsfp w bk fbskxpfxgn% feg`fmbn enp c{mbfikmrnp xkjefikmrfxgnpr`mg`np w r`rg`np km pgr{f`gnmkp bk a{kjn% `nm xnjxkpgsf f{rnmnif km p{kak`{`gm-

4- Inprxfx dfhgegbfbkp w f`rgr{bkp pn`gfekp bk xkpkrn% rxfhfan km kv{gn wbknxrgsgbfb km ef fxrg`gf`gm km f`rgsgbfbkp% a{kjnp w bknxrkp%

gmbkkmbgkmrkikmrk bk efp bgckxkm`gfp `{er{xfekp% pn`gfekp w bk dfhgegbfb-

6?- Fbnrfx {mf f`rgr{b `xrg`f fmrk ke rxfrfigkmrn bke `{kxn% ef f`rgsgbfbcpg`f w ke bknxrk km ke `nmrktrn pn`gfe-

8-2- NHAKRGSNP BGB@RG@NP-

6- Xk`ngefx f rxfsp bk efp RG@ {m sn`fh{efxgn kpk`cg`n bk rkmgp km gmjep wnmkxen km x`rg`f km efp bgprgmrfp f`rgsgbfbkp bk ef {mgbfb bgb`rg`f-


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8- Gmskprgjfx `nm ef fw{bf bk efp m{ksfp rk`mnenjfp efp sfenxf`gnmkp v{k pkdf`km bke bknxrk ckikmgmn w bke `{kxn f rxfsp bk enp bgckxkmrkp ikbgnp bk`ni{mg`f`gm-

0- Xkfegqfx a{kjnp w f`rgsgbfbkp rkmgkmbn km `{kmrf enp xgm`ggnp r`mg`np%

r`rg`np w xkjefikmrfxgnp bk rkmgp-

2- Sfenxfx ke rkmgp `nin {mf ferkxmfrgsf bk n`gn pfe{bfhek fbnrfmbn {mff`rgr{b bk f{rnktgjkm`gf km xkef`gm `nm efp npghgegbfbkp bk xkmbgigkmrn inrnx%fp nin km ke bnigmgn w nmrxne `nxnxfe km enp bgprgmrnp kekikmrnp r`mg`n)r`rg`nphpg`np-

;- _fxrg`gfx km ef nxjfmgqf`gm w {kprf km x`rg`f bk rnxmknp bk rkmgpfbfrfbnp% ifmgckprfmbn f`rgr{bkp bk `nnkxf`gm% rnekxfm`gf w bknxrgsgbfb rfmrn`{fmbn pk fbnrf ke fke bk fxrg`gfmrk `nin ke bk kpk`rfbnx-

0- @NMRKMGBNP-

0-6 @NMRKMGBNP @NM@K_R[FEKP-

Xkrkm`gm bke sn`fh{efxgn kpk`cg`n bk rkmgp km gmjep w nmkxen km x`rg`fkm efp f`rgsgbfbkp bk ef {mgbfb bgb`rg`f-

Fmegpgp bk enp c{mbfikmrnp rkxg`n)x`rg`np bke rkmgp% fp `nin bk enpnxjkmkp bke igpin w bk enp a{jfbnxkp w a{jfbnxfp ip ginxrfmrkp km rnbnpenp rgkinp bk kprk bknxrk-

0-8 @NMRKMGBNP _XN@KBGIKMRFEKP-

Xk`ngef`gm f rxfsp bk efp RG@ {m sn`fh{efxgn kpk`cg`n bk rkmgp km gmjepw nmkxen km x`rg`f km efp bgprgmrfp f`rgsgbfbkp bk ef {mgbfb bgb`rg`f-

_x`rg`f bk enp c{mbfikmrnp r`mg`np% r`rg`np w xkjefikmrfxgnp bk bknxrkpbk fbskxpfxgn v{k xk`gpkm ef {rgegqf`gm bk {m giekikmrn-

Gmskprgjf`gm f rxfsp bk efp m{ksfp rk`mnenjfp pnhxk ef rxfp`kmbkm`gf v{kdf rkmgbn ef i{akx km ke i{mbn bke rkmgp w p{p xkkx`{pgnmkp f mgske pn`gfe w

`{er{xfe-

0-0 @NMRKMGBNP F@RGR[BGMFEKP-

Ifmgckprf`gm bk f`rgr{bkp bk `nnkxf`gm% rnekxfm`gf w bknxrgsgbfb rfmrn`{fmbn pk fbnrf ke fke bk fxrg`gfmrk `nin ke bk kpk`rfbnx km efp`nikrg`gnmkp w f`rgsgbfbkp bk rkmgp-

Sfenxf`gm ke rkmgp `nin {mf ferkxmfrgsf bk n`gn pfe{bfhek fbnrfmbn {mff`rgr{b bk f{rnktgjkm`gf km xkef`gm `nm efp npghgegbfbkp bk xkmbgigkmrninrnx% fp `nin km ke bnigmgn w `nmrxne `nxnxfe km enp bgprgmrnp kekikmrnp

r`mg`n)r`rg`np hpg`np-


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2- @XGRKXGNP BK KSFE[F@GM-

6- Xk`ngefx f rxfsp bk efp m{ksfp rk`mnenjfp {m sn`fh{efxgn kpk`cg`n bk rkmgpkm gmjep w nmkxen km x`rg`f km efp bgprgmrfp f`rgsgbfbkp bk ef {mgbfb bgb`rg`f-

Krk `xgrkxgn kxsgx pfxf v{k en fe{imn k gkmrfm pxnrfjnmgrf bk {pxnpgn fpxkmbgqfak- En bg`kmrk xk`npgefxm k gmè{gxm km { sn`fh{efxgn b{xfmrkef kgnmk rxigmn km gmje xkef`gnmfbn `nm en bkpnxrk bk e{`df% f{ikmrfmbn

{ hfjfak rkxigmnejg`n km gmje- Ke sn`fh{efxgn kx {pkxsgfbn pnx ke pxncknx%pfxf skxgcg`fx { ktf`rgr{b k gbnmkgbfb pfxf ef efk bk kb{`f`gm cg`f-

8- Ifmgckprfx {mf f`rgr{b `xrg`f fmrk efp x`rg`fp w sfenxf`gnmkp v{k pk df`km bkebknxrk ckikmgmn w bke `{kxn f rxfsp bk enp bgckxkmrkp ikbgnp bk `ni{mg`f`gm-

@nm krk `xgrkxgn k pxkrkmbk v{k ke fe{imfbn% f pfxrgx bke fmegg bk efgmcnxif`gm v{k ncxk`km en ikbgn bk `ni{mg`f`gm1 pxkmf% xksgrf pfxf

fbnek`kmrk% Gmrkxmkr% xfbgn% RS% fhnxbk rkirg`f sgm`{efbf fe bkpnxrk w fe`{kxpn% sgjkmrk km ef n`gkbfb w fmfeg`k bk cnxif `xrg`f rkif `nin ef gifjkm`nxpnxfe% en krgen bk sgbf km ef n`gkbfb f`r{fe% en sfenxk bk ef bgckxkmrkskxrgkmrk bke bkpnxrk n ef sgnekm`gf w ef `nipkrgrgsgbfb-

0- Xkfegqfx a{kjnp w f`rgsgbfbkp rkmgkmbn km `{kmrf enp xgm`ggnp r`mg`np% r`rg`npw xkjefikmrfxgnp bk rkmgp-

Km xkef`gm `nm en `nmrkmgbn pxn`kbgikmrfek% k sfenxfx ef gipeg`f`gmbke fe{imfbn w ef pfxrg`gpf`gm f`rgsf km en a{kjn w f`rgsgbfbk pxnp{krf pnx ke

pxncknx-

2- Sfenxfx ke rkmgp `nin {mf ferkxmfrgsf bk n`gn pfe{bfhek fbnrfmbn {mf f`rgr{bbk f{rnktgjkm`gf km xkef`gm `nm efp npghgegbfbkp bk xkmbgigkmrn inrnx% fp `ninkm ke bnigmgn w `nmrxne `nxnxfe km enp bgprgmrnp kekikmrnp r`mg`n)r`rg`np hpg`np-

@nm krk `xgrkxgn bk ksfe{f`gm k pxkrkmbk v{k ke fe{imn `nmnq`fferkxmfrgsf bk n`gn fe{bfhek w fbki v{k k i{krxk f{rnktgjkmrk `nm {

xkmbgigkmrn inrnx f `nin km ke bnigmgn w ke `nmrxne `nxpnxfe f ef dnxf bk xkfegqfxen bgrgmrn kekikmrn r`mg`n)r`rg`n fhnxbfbn km ef kgnmk-

3- _fxrg`gfx km ef nxjfmgqf`gm w {kprf km x`rg`f bk rnxmknp bk rkmgp fbfrfbnp

fe mgske bk enp `nifkxnp bk èfpk-

Ke fe{imfbn `nefhnxfx km ef nxjfmgqf`gm bk gr{f`gnmk bkpnxrgsf`nipkrgrgsf bk rkmg pfxrg`gpfmbn f`rgsfikmrk km ef igif- Km krn km`{kmrxn%f{rnjkrgnmfbn pnx ke pxnpgn fe{imfbn% k sfenxfx km `{fmrn f ef nxjfmgqf`gmfpk`rn `nin ef gmg`gfrgsf% ef pxksggm w ef fmrg`gpf`gm fmrk pnghek bkfa{rk

@{xpn1 2 KPN B{xf`gm1 3? M 8

Mnihxk bk ef pkpgm1 Cfigegfxgrw zgrd rdk hfpg` plgeep nc rkmmgp-

Ifrkxgfe.Xk`{xpnpBgb`rg`np

) Rgqfp fxf ifx`fx `finp) Jnif keprg`f fxf bkegigrfx ef xkb-) 8; xfv{krfp% 8; kenrfp-

Ikrnbnenjf1 Fpgjmf`gm bk rfxkfp-

Nhakrgsnp bk ef pkpgm1 ) Ikanxfx ef xnm{m`gf`gm km gmjep-) Cnikmrfx pgr{f`gnmkp bk `ni{mg`f`gm km gmjep-) Fxkmbkx ef bgmig`f bke rkmgp-

) Cfsnxk`kx {m ègif pn`gfe v{k xng`gk {mf x`rg`fbknxrgsf fjxfbfhek-

R F`rgsgbfb- Fpk`rnp efsk-

6? @fekmrfigkmrn Jkmkxfe1 @fekmrfx rnbn ke `{kxn fxf f{ikmrfx efrkikxfr{xf i{p`{efx w pfmj{mkf w kprgxfx enpip`{enp w ke rkagbn `nmk`rgsn- Xkef`gnmfxen bgxk`rfikmrk nm ke rkmgp- Fbfrfxen fe a{jfbnx- @nihgmfx gmrkmpgbfb w b{xf`gm pgm `f{pfx cfrgjf- Xkfegqfxen en ip xtgin npghek fe gmg`gn bk ef

pkpgm n bk ef f`rgsgbfb-

Kakx`g`gn bk `fekmrfigkmrn kpk`cg`n bk rkmg1 Kekakx`g`gn `nmpgprk km v{k igkmrxfp rnbnp enpfe{imnp kprm bkpefqmbnpk rxnrfmbn nx ef gprf%ke xnckpnx bgx {m kekikmrn bk ef gprf bk rkmgp kmgmjep w xgbfikmrk rkmbxm v{k gx f rn`fxenxkfegqfmbn pxgmrp- _nx kakien ke xnckpnx {kbkbk`gx1 Mkr& @n{xrp egmkp&% kr`-

Fe pkx ef xgikxf pkpgm ke`fekmrfigkmrn en bgxgjgx kexnckpnx% ifx`fmbn efpf{rfp f pkj{gx km ke igpin-

6? F`rgsgbfb m 61 _nx fxkafp% {mn kmcxkmrk bk nrxn%`nm ef xkb )jnif n `gmrf bk eprg`n km pkmrgbnenmjgr{bgmfe bk ef gprf negbknxrgsf) w {mn `nm

Ef xnm{m`gf`gm bkhk pkx enip `nxxk`rf npghek%bkhkinp gmpgprgx km keen fxf


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xfv{krf- Ke `nifkxn v{k efmqf ef kenrf `nm efifmn bkhk gmbg`fx ef ki{fb{xf $kfpr nx`nmrgmkmrfe'% ke rgn bk jnek $hf`ldfmb nxcnxkdfmb' w ke efbn bk jnekn $xgjdr nx ekcr'%`nmprx{wkmbn {mf cxfpk pkm`geef km xkpkmrk pgiek-

Wn{ i{pr prxglk rn bxgsk kfpr jxg% zgrd cnxkdfmbfmb hw rdk xgjdr-

ke bkpfxxneen `nxxk`rn bkekakx`g`gn-

6; F`rgsgbfb m 81 Km ef igpif bgpnpg`gm kpf`gfe%bgsgbginp ke kpf`gn xngn km `{frxn qnmfpm{ikxfbfp bke 6 fe 2- Km pgr{f`gm bk gmrkx`fihgn )n gm gmrkx`fihgn km c{m`gm bke mgske bk a{kjn) `nmke `nifkxn% ek kbginp fmrkp bk `fbf jnekn%v{k ktxkpk km snq ferf ke mikxn fe v{k sf fbgxgjgx p{ kmsn )nmk% rzn% rdxkk% cn{x)-_nprkxgnxikmrk% gmrxnb{`ginp {mf nkxf`gm

ifrkirg`f pkm`geef w kp ke `nifkxn v{k mnjnekf ke v{k gmbg`f kpk e{jfx bk kmsn $_nxkakien1 cn{x igm{p rzn% rdxkk e{p nmk% rzn rgikpnmk% kr`-'-

Gmrxnb{`gx ef nkxf`gmifrkirg`f `nm ef p{cg`gkmrkfmrkef`gm fe jnek bke`nifkxn-

6? F`rgsgbfb m 01 Km pgr{f`gm bk gmrkx`fihgn% fmrkpbk `fbf jnekn kp nhegjfrnxgn `fegcg`fx f m{kprxn`nifkxn `nm {m fbakrgsn bk fxk`gn1 hnmgrn$mg`k'% ifxfsgeenpn $znmbkxc{e'% j{fn $jnnb)ennlgmj% hkf{rgc{e% xkrrw'% gmrkegjkmrk $gmrkegjkmr'%frxf`rgsn $frrxf`rgsk'% kr`-

Cfsnxk`kx efp xkef`gnmkppn`gfekp bkmrxn bke jx{n%nbkinp npg`gnmfx ffe{imnp v{k mn rkmjfmh{kmf xkef`gm

; Krgxfigkmrn1

6? S{kerf f ef `feif1

[MGBFB BGB@RG@F HGEGMJK1 BN WN[ _EFW RKMMGP>

@{xpn1 2 KPN B{xf`gm1 3? M 4

Mnihxk bk ef pkpgm1 Ksfe{frgnm- Rdk fbfrkb igmg)`nikrgrgnm

Ifrkxgfe.Xk`{xpnpBgb`rg`np

) Rgqfp fxf ifx`fx `finp) Jnif keprg`f fxf bkegigrfx ef xkb-

) 8; xfv{krfp% 8; kenrfp-Ikrnbnenjf1 Fpgjmf`gm bk rfxkfp-

Nhakrgsnp bk ef pkpgm1 ) Ikanxfx ef xnm{m`gf`gm km gmjep-) Cnikmrfx pgr{f`gnmkp bk `ni{mg`f`gm km gmjep-) Fxkmbkx f `nikrgx xkpkrfmbn f enp fbskxpfxgnp-) Cfsnxk`kx {m `egif pn`gfe v{k xng`gk {mf x`rg`fbknxrgsf fjxfbfhek-

R F`rgsgbfb- Fpk`rnp efsk-

6? @fekmrfigkmrn Jkmkxfe1 @fekmrfx rnbn ke `{kxn fxf f{ikmrfx ef

rkikxfr{xf i{p`{efx w pfmj{mkf w kprgxfx enpip`{enp w ke rkagbn `nmk`rgsn-


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Xkef`gnmfxen bgxk`rfikmrk nm ke rkmgp- Fbfrfxen fe a{jfbnx- @nihgmfx gmrkmpgbfb w b{xf`gm pgm `f{pfx cfrgjf- Xkfegqfxen en ip xtgin npghek fe gmg`gn bk efpkpgm n bk ef f`rgsgbfb-

Kakx`g`gn bk `fekmrfigkmrn kpk`cg`n bk rkmg1 Kekakx`g`gn `nmpgprk km xkfegqfx enp jkprnp r`mg`npv{k sfwf gmbg`fmbn ke xnckpnx% pgm ef mk`kpgbfbbk {rgegqfx xfv{krfp mg kenrfp pen xkfegqfmbn kejkprn- _nx kakien ke xnckpnx {kbk kbgx v{k enpfe{imnp ki{ekm enp pgj{gkmrkp jnekp1 Bxnpdnr%Pifpd% Pkxsk% Sneekw Enh

8; @nikrg`gm fbfrfbf fe kpf`gn nx fxkafp-Pk gbk f `fbf jx{n bk `{frxn fe{imnp% v{kfmrkp bk `nikmqfx f a{jfx% `nmprx{wfm {m bgenjn

pkm`geen nx kp`xgrn% v{k bkhkm kp`kmgcg`fxnprkxgnxikmrk $xnekp1 8 a{jfbnxkp% 6 xhgrxn w 6heg`n' w v{k gm`e{wf efp pgj{gkmrkp fefhxfp wktxkpgnmkp1 pnxrkn $bxfz'% `fxf $cf`k nx dkfbp'%`x{q $rfgep'% efbn bke `fin $ekcr nx dfmb pgbk'%pfv{k $pkxsg`k'% pf`fbnx $pkxskx'% xkprn w xkprfx$xkr{xm nc f hfee nx rn xkr{xm pksg`k'% h{kmf p{kxrk$jnnb e{`lw'% mgin% sfinp% skmjf% $`dkkx {%`nik nm% jn gr' w kxkp ke ikanx $wn{ fxk rdk hkpr'-Bkhkm gmrkmrfx {rgegqfx rfihgm ke sn`fh{efxgnfxkmbgbn b{xfmrk efp bkip f`rgsgbfbkp-

Pk sfenxfx npgrgsfikmrk kecfgx efw fp `nin efnxjfmgqf`gm bk cnxiff{rmnif bk enp fe{imnp-

; Krgxfigkmrn16? S{kerf f ef `feif1

Xkfegqfx {m kv{kn bkhfrk kmrxk enp fe{imnpigkmrxfp xkfegqfinp ef s{kerf f ef `feif%xkj{mrmbnekp pnhxk efp pgj{gkmrkp `{kprgnmkp1

Zdfr gp rdk xnek nc znikm gm pnxr>Zdw mnr rkeksgpkb znikmp rkmmgp nm RS>Zdw fxk pnik frdekrkp fxk hkrrkx lmnzm hw dkx

hkf{rw rdfm cnx rdkgx f`dgkskikmrp>

6? Sfenxf`gm bke pxn`kn bk kmkfmqf)fpxkmbgqfak1

Xkeekmfx gmbgsgb{feikmrk {m `{kprgnmfxgn nx fxrkbke fe{imfbn pnhxk ef [mgbfb Bgb`rg`f- Fmktn GGG-


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4- NXJFMGQF@GM-

Km ef [B sfinp f {rgegqfx {mf nxjfmgqf`gm cnxife km ke ifwnx mikxn bkf`rgsgbfbkp w {mf gmcnxife `{fmbn ef f`rgsgbfb en kxigrf-

Enp fjx{figkmrnp ip dfhgr{fekp pkxm1 ke jxfm jx{n w fxkafp- Enp jx{npw efp fxkafp kprfxm bkrkxigmfbnp nx ke xnckpnx% frkmbgkmbn f `xgrkxgnp bk`nmn`gigkmrn bke bknxrk w bk mgske bk kak`{`gm bk enp bgprgmrnp jkprnp r`mg`n)r`rg`np xkjgprxfbnp km ef ksfe{f`gm gmg`gfe bk xgm`ggnp bk `{xpn-

_fxf f{ikmrfx ke rgkin bk `nixnigpn inrnx kprfhek`kxkinp {mf pkxgk bkx{rgmfp km efp pkpgnmkp1 Fe eekjfx f èfpk enp fe{imnp pk pgkmrfm cxkmrk f ef gqfxxffxf pkj{gx ef kteg`f`gm bke xnckpnx- Pgkixk v{k ke xnckpnx eksfmrk ef ifmn pkfxf ef f`rgsgbfb nxv{k v{gkxk bk`gx v{k pk sf f bfx fpn f ef pgj{gkmrk f`rgsgbfbw ef kteg`fx n dfx fej{mf fèfxf`gm pnhxk ef rfxkf v{k kprm kak`{rfmbn-

7- XK@[XPNP BGB@RG@NP-

En gbkfe fxf eeksfx f `fhn kprf {mgbfb bgb`rg`f pkxf `nmrfx `nm {mnegbknxrgsn `kx`fmn w nbkx {pfx p{p gprfp bk rkmgp- Pg mn pk `{kmrf `nm kprfcf`gegbfb% bnp xkbkp bk rkmgp w bnp gprfp bk crhne% fpcferfbfp n pgm fpcferfx nbxfmpkxsgxmnp rfihgm- Pg pk `fxk`k bk xkbkp n pgigefx% `nm `gmrf keprg`f w {mf `{kxbf njnif frfbf f {m nprk {kbk df`kx ef c{m`gm bk xkb- @nin ifrkxgfegmbgpkmpfhek mk`kpgrfxkinp {mf xfv{krf nx fe{imn w {mfp ;? kenrfpfxntgifbfikmrk fxf bkpfxxneefx rnbfp efp èfpkp-

6?- FRKM@GM F EF BGSKXPGBFB-

Km kprk ffxrfbn pen ifmgckprfx v{k pk frkmbkx f ef bgskxpgbfb bkefe{imfbn% wf v{k `nin mnxif jkmkxfe enp jx{np p{kekm pkx i{w dkrkxnjmknp-Feg`fxkinp fbfrf`gnmkp fe mgske bk enp fe{imnp ikbgfmrk bgprgmrnp xk`{xpnp%fbfrf`gnmkp km enp kakx`g`gnp% kmpkfmqfp xk`gxn`fp w ef ig`xnkmpkfmqf- Kprn pkxnb{`gx pkjm efp mk`kpgbfbkp bk ef pkpgm-

66- IKRNBNE

emasf_numero_5

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