ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES

Consultant: Susan Gillespie

External Client: Heather Suwinski

Project 5: Visual-Based Instruction Across the Curriculum

MEDT 7485

Standards• L6-8RH7: Integrate visual information (e.g., in

charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other information in print and digital texts.

• L68WHST2: Write informative/explanatory texts, including the narration of historical events, scientific procedures/experiments, or technical processes. • a. Introduce a topic clearly, previewing, what is to follow;

organize ideas, concepts, and information into broader categories as appropriate to achieving purpose; include formatting (e.g., headings), graphics, (e.g., charts, tables) and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension

Standards• SS6G1 The students will locate selected features of Latin

America and the Caribbean.

• SS6G5 The students will located selected features of Canada.

• SS6G8 The student will locate selected features of Europe.

• SS6G12 The student will locate selected features of Australia.

Objectives•Students will describe elements of design using photographs.

•Students will describe principles of design using photographs.

•Students will create a storyboard.

Essential Questions• What does it mean to be visual and media literate?

• How do you use the elements and principles of design to create art?

• What is photography?

• How is photography a visual language?

• How do you communicate with images?

• What characteristics make a successful photographer?

Seven Elements of Design• The word “elements” implies, these are basic units of visual

communication.

• Space• Line• Shape• Size• Pattern• Texture• Value

Space• Positive space is filled space; negative space is empty

space. The red is positive space; the white is negative space.

Line• Lines may be straight, angular, or curvy. They may be

thick or thin, continuous or interrupted.

Shape• Shapes can be inorganic and organic. Inorganic shapes

and forms are precisely geometric whereas, organic forms are more natural, as found in nature.

Size• Size is the relationship of the area occupied by one shape

to that of other. Size can make things shout with importance or make them whisper. Christ the Redeemer is shouting.

Pattern• Pattern is about duplicating. Can you see the vertical and

horizontal stones repeating?

Texture• Texture can be three-dimensions, or bas-relief, such as a

sculpture, textiles, mixed-media art or even thickly applied oil or acrylic paint. Can you feel the texture?

Value• Value refers to tones of light and dark.

Seven Principles of Design

• The principles of design can be thought of as what we do to the elements of design.

• Focal Point• Contrast• Balance• Movement• Rhythm• Perspective• Unity

Focal Point• Focal point is the most important thing visually on any

layout. It focuses the eye’s attention.

ContrastContrast is a large difference between two things to create interest and tension. Lines, shapes, tones and textures can have contrast. Here is an example of color contrast.

Balance• Balance in design is the visual weight. Balance seeks

equilibrium in a design. Here is example of symmetrical balance.

Movement• Horizontal lines communicate movement flowing left to

right or right to left. Vertical lines tend to communicate stability.

Rhythm• A regular repetition of elements to produce the look and

feel of movement.

Perspective• Perspective is another kind of movement in the sense of movement

into the distance or through a foreground, middle ground and background. The foreground is what you see in front of the main subject in a photo.

Unity• Unity means all the parts of the design work together, and

everything looks like it belongs together.

Give it a try.

• Look at the following pictures and identify as many elements and principles of design. Be able to explain. Refer to your notes if needed.

1 2.

Steps to create a storyboard• Open up the Word Application to get a blank document.

• Go to Insert tab and insert a table. (Your table will vary depending on the size of the storyboard.)

• For the first row, label slides as: number, slide, narration, and credit. Adjust your rows and columns accordingly.

• The first slide is the title page slide.

• The second slide is a brief introduction.

Steps to a storyboard continues• Label the first column as number slide. Number all your slides.

• Label the second column as slide. Insert pictures under this column.

• Suggestion: Save pictures in a folder and then right click to insert pictures.

• Label the third column as narration. Write your story here to help explain the pictures.

• Label the fourth column as credit. Remember to give credit to all resources.

• Keep repeating the steps.

Storyboard

Slide Narration Credit

1Elements and Principles of Design Using Photographs

2 Standards L6-8RH7: Integrate visual information (e.g., in charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other information in print and digital texts.

www.georgiacommoncorestandards.org.

3 Objectives Students will describe elements of design using photographs.

Students will describe principles of design using photographs.

Students will create a storyboard.

Students will collaborate with peers using edmodo.

Storyboard

4 Essential Questions What does it mean to be visual and media literate?

How do you use the elements and principles of design to create art?

What is photography?

How is photography a visual language?

How do you communicate with images?

What characteristics make a successful photographer?

Storyboard

Slide Narration Credit

5 Elements of Design Knowing what the elements of art are enables viewers to describe what a photographer has done as well as analyze what is going in a particular photo. Knowing these elements help viewers to analyze, appreciate, write and talk about art. The seven elements of design are space, line, shape, size, pattern, texture, and value.

Golombisky, K. & Hagen, R. (2010). White space is not your enemy: a beginner’s guide to communicating visually through graphic, web and multimedia design. NY: Focal Press.

Storyboard

Slide Narration Credit

6 Principles of Design The principles of design can be thought of as what we do to elements of design. How we apply the principles of design determines how successful we are in creating a work of art. The seven principles of design are focal point, contrast, balance,movement, rhythm, perspective, and unity.

Golombisky, K. & Hagen, R. (2010). White space is not your enemy: a beginner’s guide to communicating visually through graphic, web and multimedia design. NY: Focal Press.

Storyboard

Slide Narration Credit

1 This is a picture of scenery from Australia. There are several elements and principles shown in this picture. First there is perspective. The rocks are seen in the foreground; the trees are in the middle ground and the skyline with the sun setting is the background. Line can be seen with the stratus clouds and well as the tall trees. The focal point could be the sun.

Australia scenery image http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcT78voygiy9ZVfqwD1k8Ba6ocdd13IofnVYUPB9A0XHHMeXhgJKqA

2 This is a picture of the London Eye. It is obvious that the focal point is the wheel. However, you have symmetrical balance. The lines are represented by trees. The size of the wheel is shouting.

London eye image http://paradiseintheworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/london-eye.jpg

Storyboard

3 In this picture you have Latina dancers, the repeated pattern in the dresses show movement.

Latina Dancer image http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQOC9g8EVQsm5eG67x6jWPe40ATgDD6MLpH2-NlzCOY3_s2DftB

4 Here is a picture of a Canada flag. The red color represents positive space; the white background represents negative space. It is okay to have white/negative space.

Canada Flag image http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSPGrM8KaSrGAbM7ghyZdLc6X_l1ok1FwlM1ntOaC0UyfI1pm2VFg

Storyboard

Slide Narration Credit

5 Look at the kangaroo jumping along the beach. Value is represented by the light and dark tones. The kangaroo is dark against the sunset. The kangaroo could represent the focal point. The shadow of the sun and the kangaroo's tail represent lines.

Kangaroo jumping image http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTKW27Ipf8mPefrb1TyBUEVrMMJpu6RYJUIO17Khb5CobzRd81ldg

6 Here is a picture of London Tower Bridge. The bridge has symmetrical balance because it is even on both sides. The cables show vertical and horizontal lines. The water under the bridge represents movement.

London tower image http://nyulocal.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/d813489e-50a3-4817-9cfa-cef255d3fede_20121120093919.jpg

Storyboard

7 This is a traditional outfits in Latin America. The black and white shows color contrast. There is a pattern in the scarf as well as the design of the girl’s dress.

Traditional outfits in Latin Americahttp://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRQzaRe63nmXcCnr579uwtt8XZVZ5sCFEvjaqbQN4tP2y0lN1W7tw

8 This is Niagara Fall on the Canadian side. The continuously flow of the water is movement. There is perspective throughout the picture; the boat is in the foreground; the water is in the middle ground and the trees are in the background. The water also represents lines.

Niagara Fall images http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRow2JJZxl7P56QfGL_9Z5zDUj79Ee1vl6U1yOjkDpdH3NTYg49

References

Australia Ayers Rock image retrieved from http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTSOKV5DX6V5g9CPbZT3gPgiysYnkYjdwRC6gV1HDhuFS2-_zEY

Australia scenery image retrieved from http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcT78voygiy9ZVfqwD1k8Ba6ocdd13IofnVYUPB9A0XHHMeXhgJKqA

Australia the word image retrieved from http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcS2ViSEHoHkm10O7F_GVERd9qDMbh4abIW70jkNCatYTNyURXFz

Canada Ball image retrieved from http://www.aa.com/content/images/production/generic/CanadaBall_344x222.jpg

Canada Flag image retrieved from http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSPGrM8KaSrGAbM7ghyZdLc6X_l1ok1FwlM1ntOaC0UyfI1pm2VFg

Cinco de Mayo image retrieved from http://www.vulcantermite.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/maracas-cinco-de-mayo2.gif

Golombisky, K. & Hagen, R. (2010). White space is not your enemy: a beginner’s guide to communicating visually through graphic, web and multimedia design. NY: Focal Press.

Heart shaped coral reef image retrieved from http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRVPkeX_zeVBoKhlLQxYiMWCN99mqxtQhUUfJBEhWct3wrTvD5G

Kobre, K. (2012). Videojournalism multimedia storytelling. MD: Focal Press.

Latina Dancers image retrieved from http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQOC9g8EVQsm5eG67x6jWPe40ATgDD6MLpH2-NlzCOY3_s2DftB

Latin America Flags image retrieved from https://today.kenyon.edu/node/314

ReferencesKangaroo jumping image http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTKW27Ipf8mPefrb1TyBUEVrMMJpu6RYJUIO17Khb5CobzRd81ldg

London eye image retrieved from

http://paradiseintheworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/london-eye.jpg

London soldiers image retrieved from

http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-9MVhm4npEgA/UKsQjj4Z5uI/AAAAAAAABlo/khk7CySiSKM/s320/london.jpg

London tower image retrieved from

http://nyulocal.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/d813489e-50a3-4817-9cfa-cef255d3fede_20121120093919.jpg

Maraca image retrieved from

http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSG5r-PwSMfOil5t2vPclClMplMorkesCvGlw2-wt-2YXjqRr9YPA

Niagara Fall images http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRow2JJZxl7P56QfGL_9Z5zDUj79Ee1vl6U1yOjkDpdH3NTYg49

Rio de Janeiro Christ the Redeemer image http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/02264/rio_2264586b.jpg

Stone hedges image http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQLlrAJpW2QyqsK0AHptGAiETiWqDjM9UYG78BdhdIsI581fObQ

Traditional outfits in Latin America

http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRQzaRe63nmXcCnr579uwtt8XZVZ5sCFEvjaqbQN4tP2y0lN1W7tw

.