electrical unqualified€¦ · grounding -grounding electrical circuits and electrical equipment is...

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© Simply Safety.Click Next To Proceed

© Simply Safety.

Course Objectives

The objective of this CBT module is to insure that personnel receive basic

training in electrical safety.

Every employee's work involves electricity.

This may vary from typical electrical appliances found in an office (such as

outlets, cords, coffee machines, computers, and copiers) to more

dangerous high voltage work done only by trained and properly equipped

electricians.

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OSHA Safety Standards Require:

Workers Be Properly Protected

Against Injury

Training Be Conducted

Electrical Hazards And Precautions Be

Explained

An “Electrical Safety” Program Be

Established

Job Electrical Hazards Be Assessed

and Controlled

Personal Protective Equipment Be

Provided

Overview

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Segments

Introduction

Program Requirements

Training for Unqualified Persons

Retraining Requirements

Work Covered By 331-336

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Definitions

Selection of Work Practices

Vehicular & Mechanical Equipment

Use of Equipment

Personal Protection

Tips for Using Contractors

Portable Ladders

Conductive Apparel

Housekeeping Duties

Electrical Safety Interlocks

Summary

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© Simply Safety.

Introduction

Employees of the company need to

comply with The Company’s policies

and procedures dealing with electrical

safety.

While this program covers general

points to be aware of concerning

electrical safety for unqualified

personnel, you should also be aware of

site specific procedures for your work

area and location.

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Because we use electricity for so many things, we often take it for granted.

But electricity can be dangerous! And electrical accidents can have serious consequences:

-Starting fires & explosions-Damaging machinery & equipment-Causing injuries, through shock or electrical burns

We should exercise caution when working around and with electricity. To do that properly we need to know how electricity works, and the hazards that it brings with it.

Introduction

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All Employers Must:

Safeguard Electrical Sources.

Review Job Specific Hazards.

Implement Corrective Actions.

Conduct Hazard Assessments.

Provide Training to All Required Employees.

Control Workplace Hazards Using PPE As a Last Resort.


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© Simply Safety.

What is Electricity?

Electrical current is the flow of electrons through a conductor.

Some of the terms we each need to be familiar with are:

Volts (Pressure)

Current (Measured in AMPS)

Resistance (OHM’ s Law)

How current effects the body:

Voltage

Current (AMPS) = ------------------------

Resistance of Body (Ohms)

Training for Unqualified persons

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Effect of Electrical Shock is determined by:

Amount of current (AMPS)

Length of time a body part makes contact with

electrical current


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Levels of Shock - Any electrical shock must be considered dangerous

Mild

Shock

Severe

Shock

Deadly

Shock

> 5mA

5mA to 25

mA

Greater than

25 mADeath

Tingling

Skin discoloration

Minor burns

Numbness/temporary analysis

Pain

Spasms/loss of muscle control

Loss of consciousness


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© Simply Safety.

If you saw a person involved in an electrical shock situation,

what would you do?

Your safety first: Never use your hands to free a victim frozen

by electric shock

Shut power off

Summon help

As a last resort, and if safe to do so, use a dry, non-conductive

object such as a wooden chair or broom handle.


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Electrical Safe Work Practices :

Using GFCIs

(Ground Fault Circuit

Interrupts)

Photo depicts GFCI and taped

electrical ends. Use of GFCIs on a

process unit requires a hot work

permit.

A GFCI is a device that detects

voltage difference as little as 5

milliamps. At 5 milliamps, the

power to the electrical tool is

disconnected. A GFCI is an

important safety device that should

be used when operating tools or

appliances at work and at home.

(For example, hair dryers come

equipped with a GFCI. Also, all new

home construction requires outside

and bathroom outlets to be GFCI

protected.)


GFCI

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Do I have a Do I have a Do I have a Do I have a

grounding PRONG?grounding PRONG?grounding PRONG?grounding PRONG?

Grounding - Grounding electrical circuits and electrical equipment is

required to:

• Protect employees against electrical shock

• Safeguard against fire

• Prevent damage to electrical equipment

Office appliances will either be equipped with a grounding prong or the

appliance may be double insulated (no grounding prong is required).

Never defeat the grounding prong.


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Grounding (continued…)

• The equipment grounding conductor

provides a path to ground for dangerous

current should the electrical insulation fail.

• Any problems with the equipment

grounding conductor must be immediately

reported.

Nope , I

Don’t!?


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• New Electrical Hazard.

• Program Related Injury.

• Change in Job Assignment.

• New Equipment Introduced.

• New Hazard Control Methods.

• Failure in the Safe Work Practices.

• Reason to Doubt Employee Proficiency.


Retraining is required when there Is…..

Reason to Doubt Employee

Proficiency.

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The provisions of 29 CFR 1901.331-336

cover electrical safety work practices

for both qualified and unqualified

persons working on, near, or with:

PREMISES WIRING

WIRING FOR CONNECTIONS TO SUPPLY

OUTSIDE CONDUCTORS ON PREMISES

29 CFR 1901.331-336

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© Simply Safety.

The provisions of 29 CFR 1901.331-336 do not apply to electrical safety

work practices for qualified and unqualified persons working on, or

directly with:

POWER GENERATION

POWER TRANSMISSION

POWER DISTRIBUTION

ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION EQUIPMENT

SWITCH GEAR

MOTOR CONTROL CENTERS

UN-INTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLIES (UPS)

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Qualified Person

A person who has the necessary training to avoid electrical hazards when

working on or near exposed energized parts; who is familiar with the

construction and operation of the specific equipment on the job; and who is

familiar with the hazards of working on or near this electrical equipment or

wiring.

Definitions

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Unqualified Person

A person who has the necessary training to avoid electrical hazards when

working on or near exposed energized parts; but who is not familiar with the

construction and operation of the equipment and hazards involved with the

job.

Definitions

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SOME TIPS TO CONSIDER

Employees may not enter spaces containing exposed

energized parts.

Employees may not reach blindly into areas which may

contain energized parts.


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General

Work must be performed in such a way so as to prevent electric shock

or other injuries which may result from direct or indirect electrical

contact, or from working near or on equipment or circuits which are, or

may be, energized.

The specific safely-related work practices must be consistent with the

nature and extent of the associated electrical hazards.


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Working On or Near Exposed Energized Parts

Only qualified persons may work on energized electrical parts and

equipment.

Such persons must be capable of working safely on energized circuits

and must be familiar with the proper use of special precautionary

techniques, personal protective equipment, insulating and shielding

materials, and insulated tools.


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Overhead Lines

Employees should stay away from

overhead lines. If they are to perform

work near overhead lines they should get

these lines de-energized.

Always observe the full required

clearances for overhead lines.


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© Simply Safety.

Overhead Lines

Watch for overhead electrical lines when:

• Operating a backhoe (both overhead &

buried)

• Operating a JLG

• Operating a crane

• Using a ladder (aluminum ladders are

prohibited in the refinery)

• Erecting scaffold

• Loading roll-off boxes

• Loading waste containers

• Digging trenches

Note: The fireball at above is

the result of contact between

a person and high voltage lines


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LOCKEDLOCKEDLOCKEDLOCKED

OUTOUTOUTOUT

This Lock/Tag may

only be removed by

NAME: _______________

DEPT : _______________

EXPECTED COMPLETION

DATE: ________________

TIME: _________________

DO NOT OPERATE

DANGERAuthorized Employee

The Person Who Locks Out Machines to Perform Servicing or

Maintenance.

Affected Employee

An Employee Whose Job Requires Him or Her to Operate or Use a

Machine or Piece of Equipment On Which Servicing or Maintenance

Is Being Performed.

LOCKOUT / TAGOUT as it applies to Electrical

Safety...


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While any employee is exposed to

contact with parts of fixed electric

equipment or circuits which have

been de-energized, the circuits

energizing the parts must be locked

out, or tagged out, or both.

Fixed equipment refers to equipment

fastened in place, or connected by

permanent wiring methods.

The employer must also maintain a

written copy of the procedures.

LOCKOUT / TAGOUT as it applies to Electrical Safety…

(continued)


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© Simply Safety.

Application of Locks and Tags

A lock and a tag must be placed on each disconnecting means of de-

energizing circuits, as well as to equipment on which work is to be

performed. The lock(s) must be securely attached.


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Each tag must contain a statement prohibiting unauthorized operation and

removal of the tag.


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If the lock cannot be applied, or if the employer can demonstrate that

tagging procedures will provide a level of safety equivalent to that

obtained by the use of a lock, a tag may be used without a lock.


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A tag used without a lock, must be supplemented by at least

one additional safety measure that provides a level of safety

equivalent to that obtained by the use of a lock.

Examples include:

• Removal of an isolating circuit element

• Blocking of a controlling switch

• Opening of an extra disconnecting device


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A lock may be placed without a tag only under the

following conditions:

• Only on a circuit or a piece of equipment that is de-energized.

• The lockout period does not extend past the work shift.

• Exposed employees are familiar with this procedure.


© Simply Safety.

LOCKOUT TAGOUT as it applies to Electrical Safety…

A qualified person must test equipment to verify that the equipment

cannot be restarted.

A qualified person must use test equipment to test the circuit elements and

electrical parts of the equipment to which employees will be exposed, and

thereby verify that circuit elements and equipment parts are de-energized.


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LOCKOUT TAGOUT as it applies to Electrical Safety…

Tests shall be used to determine if any energized condition exists as a

result of induced voltage or unrelated voltage back feed (holding a

charge like a battery) even though the equipment has been de-

energized and might be presumed to be safe.


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RE-ENERGIZATION SEQUENCE

The following requirements must be met, in the order given, before circuits

or equipment are re-energized, ...even temporarily.

A qualified person must conduct tests and visual inspections, as necessary,

to verify that all tools, electrical jumpers, shorts, grounds, and other such

devices have been removed.

Exposed employees must be warned to

stay clear of circuits and equipment

during re-energization.


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Re-energized Equipment

Each lock and tag must be removed by the

employee who applied it. If this employee

cannot remove his lock or tag, it may be

removed by the qualified person designated

in your LO/TO procedure.


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Confined Spaces In Electrical Safety

Energized parts must be protected from accidental

contact.

Doors, hinged panels and the like must be secured

to prevent them from contacting workers or live

parts.


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Elevated Equipment

Vehicles or mechanical equipment

capable of having elevated parts

near energized overhead lines

must be operated so that a

clearance of 10 ft (305 cm) is

maintained.

If the voltage is higher than 50 kV,

the clearance must be increased 4

inches (10 cm) for every 10 kV

over that voltage.


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Elevated Equipment

Clearance may be reduced if...

• If the vehicle is in transit with its structure lowered, the

clearance may be reduced to 4 ft. (122 cm). If the voltage is higher

than 50 kV, the clearance must be increased 4 in (10 cm) for every

10 kV over that voltage.


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Clearance may be reduced if:

If insulating barriers are installed to prevent contact with the lines, and if

the line being guarded is not an attachment to or part of the vehicle or its

raised structure, then the clearance may be reduced to a distance within

the designed working dimensions of the insulating barrier.


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Employees On the Ground

Employees standing on the ground may not

contact the vehicle or mechanical

equipment or any of its attachments,

unless:

The employee is using protective equipment

rated for the voltage; or

The equipment is located so that no un-

insulated part of its structure that is

conductive can come closer than the

approach distances outlined and permitted

under 29 CFR 1910.334.


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Flammable Materials

Where flammable materials are present,

electric equipment capable of igniting them

must not be used, unless measures are

taken to prevent hazardous conditions

from developing.

Such materials include, but are not limited

to: flammable gasses, vapors, or liquids,

combustible dust, O2 or oxidizers.

Use of Equipment

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Portable Electric Equipment

Handling-

Portable equipment must be handled in a manner which will not

cause damage. Flexible electric cords connected to the

equipment may not be used for raising or lowering equipment.

Flexible cords may not be fastened with staples or otherwise

hung in such a fashion as could damage the outer jacket or

insulation.

Use of Equipment

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© Simply Safety.

Portable Electric Equipment

Visual Inspection-

Portable cord and plug connected equipment and flexible cord sets

(extension cords) must be visually inspected before use on any shift

for external defects and for evidence of possible internal damage

(such as pinched or crushed outer jacket).

Cord and plug connected equipment and flexible cord sets

(extension cords) which remain connected once they are put in

place and are not exposed to damage need not be visually

inspected until they are relocated. If there is a defect or evidence of

damage they must be removed from service.

Use of Equipment

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Conductive Work Location

Portable electric equipment and flexible cords used in highly conductive

work locations (such as those inundated with water or other conductive

liquids), or in job locations where employees are likely to contact water or

conductive liquids, must be approved for those locations.

Use of electrical tools with an arcing device on a process unit or other

restricted area requires a hot work permit. On a process unit, tape

electrical connections at their connecting plugs. Doing this helps prevent

disconnects and arcing.

Use of Equipment

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Connecting Attachment Plugs

Employees’ hands may not be wet when plugging and

unplugging flexible cords and cord-and-plug connected

equipment, if energized equipment is involved.

Energized plug and receptacle connections may be handled

only with insulating protective equipment, where the

condition of the connection could provide a conducting

path to the employee’s hand (for example, a cord

connector that is wet from being immersed in water).

Locking-type connectors must be properly secured after

connection.

Use of Equipment

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Test Instruments & Equipment -- Ratings

Equipment and their Accessories must be rated for the

circuits and equipment to which they will be connected,

and must be designed for the environment in which they

will be used.

Use of Equipment

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Protective Clothing & Equipment

Considerations

Appropriate for the particular hazard(s)

Maintained in good condition

Properly stored when not in use

Kept clean, fully functional, and sanitary

Personal Protection

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Barriers & Signage

Barriers and signage

should be strategically

placed in the work area

to provide appropriate

warnings.

Personal Protection

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Signage

SOME TIPS TO CONSIDER:

• Warning signs should be:

• Standardized where possible

• Distinctive from other signage

• Posted at the appropriate height

• Clearly warn personnel of the hazards and the hazard’s severity

• Posted at all entry ways to the work area

Personal Protection

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General Protective Equipment and Tools

When working near energized parts, insulated

tools or handling equipment must be used.

Insulated tools and equipment must be

protected from damage and periodically

inspected for damage.

Personal Protection

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Fuse handling equipment, insulated for the circuit voltage, must be

used to remove or install fuses when the fuse terminals are energized.

Ropes and hand lines used near exposed energized parts must be

nonconductive.

Personal Protection

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GENERAL PRECAUTIONS

Protective shields, barriers, or insulating materials must be used to

protect employees from electrical injuries while working near

exposed energized parts.

When normally enclosed live parts are exposed for maintenance

or repair, they will be guarded to protect unqualified persons from

contact with the live parts.

Personal Protection

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Working With Contractors

Remember, you control your facility or area!

Review their procedures with them before starting the job!

Determine their safety performance records!

Determine who is in charge of their personnel!

Determine how they will affect our employees!


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Portable Ladders must have non-conductive side rails if they

are used where the employee or the ladder could contact

exposed energized parts.

Portable Ladders

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Conductive articles of jewelry and clothing may not be worn if they might

contact exposed energized parts. However, such articles may be worn if

they are rendered nonconductive by covering, wrapping, or other

insulating means.

Conductive Apparel

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© Simply Safety.

Where live parts present an electrical contact

hazard, employees may not perform

housekeeping duties at distances where there is a

possibility of contact.

Adequate safeguards (such as insulating

equipment or barriers) must be provided.

Electrically-conductive cleaning materials may not

be used in proximity to energized parts unless

procedures are followed which prevent electrical

contact.

Housekeeping Duties

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Only a qualified person may defeat an electrical safety interlock, and

then only temporarily...using established procedures, while he or she is

working on the equipment.

The interlock system must be returned to its operable condition when

this work is competed.

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Electricity is a powerful asset, but only when we use it safely.

Whenever you are working with or around electricity, follow Company

policies and procedures.

Don’t attempt to make electrical repairs unless you are “qualified”.

Report any unsafe condition to your supervisor.

Do not do work if you think it is unsafe!

Summary

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Use of electricity is an essential part of our work environment. A small amount of current can be dangerous if it flows through the body and its vital organs. Safe work practices include:

Always maintain at least 10 feet of clearance between your tools and equipment, and any overhead electrical lines!

Always use a GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupt) when operating electrical tools with cords

On a process unit, tape electrical connections at their connecting plugs to avoid disconnects and arcing.

Protect extension cords against damage

Inspect electrical tools and cords prior to each use

Maintain at least 30 inches clearance in front of electrical panels

Never perform work on an electrical system unless you are qualified to do so

Always ensure that grounding systems are in good condition

Summary

electrical unqualified€¦ · grounding -grounding electrical circuits and electrical equipment is...

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