eight extra meridians and it’s relation with syndrome ... · meridian, zhen qi moving around ren...

Eight Extra Meridiansand its relation with

syndromedifferentiations

Tianjin UTCMTianjin UTCMTianjin UTCM Tianjin UTCM Zhong Qiangwei

maincontents1.

origin and development of 8 extra meridians2. characteristics of 8 extra meridians3. differentiations of 8 extra meridians

4. treatment by herbs to the diseases of 8 extrameridians5. treatment by Acupuncture to the diseases of 8extra meridians

origin and development

of 8 extra meridians

, 12 Meridians theoryinitially recorded in Bo Shu called Hand andfoot 11 meridians and Yin Yang 11meridians, which was developed in Nei Jingcalled 12 meridians. 8 extra meridians islate than 12 regular meridians

origin

Regularbreathing means breathing out turbid andbreathing in the fresh

Empty in heart mind and full in abdomen by LaoZi

40045

There areever 45 characters recorded in one jade 400B.C, talking about qi movement in the body

origin

Circulation of Zhen qi

Firststep Concentrating qi in the chest

Second step Leading the concentrated qidown to Dan Tian

ThirdstepMind concentrating at Dan Tian tillstronger

Fourth stepThe stronger qi concentrated atDan Tian moving toward Hui Yin, Ming Men,and again upward to Head

Fifth stepAfter crossing through Dumeridian, Zhen Qi moving around Ren and Dumeridians, till the attractive sensationbetween Bai Hui and Dan Tian

Circulation of Zhen qi

Bian Que ever cured the dying patient bypuncturing Bai Hui.Bian Que was ever called Dai Xia Yi whenhe was treating women patients.

So the name of 8 extra meridians startedfrom Nei Jing, but the practice was earlierthan Nei Jing.

Development Thekey books are Exploration of 14 meridians by HuaShou, and Textual research on 8 extra meridians by LiShizhen

1 Dr.Hua Shou considered that Ren and Du meridiansare as important as Heaven and Earth2

Dr. Li Shizhen considered that doctors can know 12regular meridians and 15 collaterals, but only celestialbeing can master 8 extra meridians.

Characteristics of 8 extra meridians

Holism

Ren and Du meridianscontrol the front and Back

Chong and Dai meridianscontrol the upper and down

Qiao meridians controlthe left and right

Wei meridians control thebalance of the superficies andinternal

l circulation

It starts from lower abdomendown to pubic region, goesthrough spinal column to Feng Fu,and enters to brain, neck, head,forehead, nose and lips to Yin Jiao. 1Branch 1 to kidney 2

Branch 2 from abdomen umbilicus,heart, throat, eyes

Du meridian

Function of Du meridian

2 Basic functions

Du means governing and controlling(1)

Regulating qi and blood in Yang meridians,so called Sea of Yang meridians

(2)It is related with brain, marrow, kidney andheart functions.

Meridians Du passed through1 Du connects with Foot Tai Yangat eye

2 connecting with Yang at Da Zhui

3 Togetherwith Chong and Ren meridians, Du starts from Lowerabdomen and accumulate at throat

4 Connects with Yang wei atFeng Fu and Ya Men

5 Connects with Dai meridian at 14vertebrae

6 Connects with Liver at vertex

: , (), , Connecting withthe organs like Kidney, heart, brain, marrow

3. Main indications

Mental problems, febrile diseases, local pain around lumbar, back andhead area. Some internal organsproblems are also related.

Ren meridian l circulation

It starts from lower abdomendown to pubic region and uptochest and throat, upward tocheek and lips, to eyes :

Branch separates from lowerabdomen, together with Chongmeridian upward to spinalcolumn, to back.

Function of Ren meridian

2. Basic function Ren

indicates obligation and nourishing(1) Regulating qi

and blood for Yin meridians(2)

Ren starts from lower abdomen, in charge of regulatingmenstruation and promoting the function ofreproduction, so called Ren in charge ofpregnancy

Meridians Ren passed through:

1 Connecting with foot 3Yin at Zhong Ji and Guan Yuan

2 Connecting with Yin Weimeridian at Tian Tu and Lian Quan)

3 Connecting with Chong at Yin Jiao

: Passing through:, ), (

, ), (

, ), (

(,), ( ), (),, ()Lower abdomen( Shi Men, Guan Yuan), Chest (ShanZhong), Throat ( Tian Tu, Lian Quan), mouth and lip(Yin Jiao), Umbilicus( Shen Que).

It is mainly indicated for lower abdomen,umbilicus, stomach, chest, neck, throat,head and some local problems. Some ofthe points are related with strengtheningthe body and mental problems also.

3. Main indications

Charactersof Ren and Du meridians

Du is the seaof yangmeridians

1 connectingwith Yang meridians at Da Zhui

2 connectingwith Yang Wei at Ya Men Feng Fu

3 14 Connecting withDai meridian at 14 vertebrae

4 Yuan Qi starts from Ming Men andtranspatates to different meridiansthrough Du meridian

Ren is thesea of Yinmeridians

1 Connecting with foot 3 Yin atZhong ji and Guan Yuan

2 connecting with Chong meridian at Yin Jiao3 Connecting with Yin Wei at Tian Tu and LianQuan

Charactersof Ren and Du meridians

Chong meridian

1 circulation It starts from lower abdomen, together withkidney meridian, goes upward to chest and thenthroat and inner canthus. 1 The first branch enters to kidney from abdomen, then to interior part oflegs to popliteal space till bottom of foot. 2The second branch separates from internal malieu to dorsum of foot, to big toe. 3 The third branch separates from abdomen goes toconnect with Du meridian, then to spinalcolumn.

Function of Chong meridian

2 Basic function Chong means rush. (1)

Regulating qi and blood in 12 regularmeridians, so called Sea of 12 meridians

(2)Sea of blood means it is related withmenstruation and pregnancy.

: passing through:

: (, ), , Front upward: lower abdomen, chest and throat.

: (), ,Front downward: Zong Jin (Shang Juxu, XiaJuxu), dorsum of foot ( Chong Yang)

: () Back upward: Da Zhu(C1,1.5):()Back downward: popliteal space

: passing through:Meridians Chong passed through:

, Connecting with footYang Ming at Qi Jie (Qi Chong)

() Connecting with Kidneyin abdomen

, Connecting with liverat head and foot, ()Connecting with foot tang yang at back andknee( Wei Zhong)

Connecting with heart and lungat chest

3. Main indications: Irregularmenstruation, sterility, qi abnormal ascending inabdomen 4.Connecting points Hui Yin, Yin Jiao (Ren Meridian)Qi Chong (stomach)

Heng Gu, Da He, Qi Xue, Si Man, Zhong Zhu,Huang Shu, Shang Qu, Shi Guan, Yin Du, Tong Gu, YouMen (kidney)

Dai meridian

1 Circulation

G.B.2611

It starts from hypochondria,down to connect with G.B.meridian at G.B.26, and thentakes a circle around lumbarregion , oblique to lowerabdomen.

Passing through:

14)

Dai meridian starts from 14 vertebrae, andpasses through Du meridian (Ming Men),kidney and Spleen( both congenital andpostnatal root of the body) Liver and G.B.meridian (Zhang Men).

2. Main indications:

Irregular menstruation, leucorrhea,flaccidity and other women diseases. 3. connecting points:

G.B.Dai Mai, Wu Shu, Wei Dao.

Charactersof Chong and Dai meridians

Chongmeridian

1 Frontconnecting with Yin meridiansthrough Ren

2 Backconnecting with Yang meridiansthrough Du

3 Upperpouring toYang meridians at head

4 Lowerpermeatinginto 3 Yin at legs

5 () Connectingwith Yang Mian at Qi Jie (postnatal)

6 () Connecting withKidney at Guan Yuan (congenital)

Daimeridian

1 Consolidating the essencesfrom both spleen and kidney

2 Restricting the promoting ofliver and G.B.

: ,, ,

Charactersof Chong and Dai meridians

.It starts from Zhao Hai of Kidney,upward to interior of legs till pubicregion, to abdomen, chest,superclavicular fossa, emergesfrom stomach meridian at RenYing, to nose and finallyconnecting with hand and foot TaiYang meridian and Yang Qiao atinner canthus.

Yin Qiao and Yang Qiao

1. Circulation

It starts from Shen Mai of U.B,upward to exterior of legs tillabdomen, to the lateral of chest, toshoulder and neck, then to corner ofmouth and connecting with hand andfoot Tai Yang meridian and Yin Qiaoat inner canthus, and finally upward tohead till back ear , finallyaccumulates with foot Shao Yang atback head.

1. Circulation

Yin Qiao and Yang Qiao

Function of Qiao meridians

2. Basic function 1

Movement of legs2

Opening and close of eye lids

Yin Qiao Passing through :

It starts from Foot Shaoyin (Zhao Hai)

It Passes pubic region with liver

Meeting with Ren Ying at throat

Meeting with Hand and foot Tai Yang andYang Qiao at Jing Ming

Yang Qiao passing through:

It starts from Foot Tai Yang (Shen Mai)

Meeting with Foot Shao Yang at Ju Liao

Meeting with Hand and foot Tai Yang andYang Qiao at Jing Ming

Meeting with Foot Shao at Feng Chi

3.Main indications of Yin Qiao:

Somnolence, retention of urine, musclespasm on legs 4.Connecting points:

KidneyZhao Hai, Jiao Xin. U.B.Jing Ming

3.Main indications of Yin Qiao:

Insomnia, muscle spasm on legs 4.Connecting points

U.B.Shen Mai, Pu cen, Fu yang, G.B.Ju Liao,S.I.Nao Shu, L.I.Jian Yu, Ju Gu, S.J.TianLiao, StomachDi Cang, Ju Liao, Cheng Qi, U.B.Jing Ming.

Characters of Qiao meridiansQiao means moving upward and flexible

Yin Qiaoquiet,sleeping

YangQiaoactivity,moving

Attraction of Yin and Yang,equilibrium of movementand quiet, where asmaintain the corporationamong foot, ankle, shoulder,mouth and sleeping.

It starts from Zhu Bin of Kidney,upward to abdomen, together withspleen meridian, it reaches tohypochondria and connects withliver meridian, then up to connectswith Ren meridian at throat.

Yin Wei and Yang Wei

1 Circulation

It starts from Jin Men of U.B,together with G.B. meridian upwardto exterior of trunk, it reaches toshoulder through back of ancillaryfossa. Then to neck, back ear,cheek, side head and finallyconnects with Du meridian at backneck.

Yin Wei and Yang Wei

1 Circulation

Function of Wei meridians

2 Basic function:

Yang Wei meridian maintains each of

Yang meridians.

Yin Wei meridians maintains each ofYin meridians

Yin Wei passing through:

Starting from Zhu Bin of Foot Shao Yin

Connecting with Ren meridian at throat androot of tongue

Yang Wei passing through:

Starting from Jin Men of Foot Tang

Connecting with Du meridian at Ya men andFeng Fu

3. Main symptoms of Yin wei Main symptoms of Yin weimeridianChest pain, stomachache, abdominal pain,depression,4. Connecting points Connecting pointsZhu Bin, Fu She, Da Heng,Fu Ai, Qi Men, Tian Tu, Lian Quan,

3. Main symptoms of Yang wei Chill and fever, lumbago,4. Connecting points

Jin Men, Yang Jiao,Nao Shu, Tian Liao, Jian Jing, Tou Wei, Ben Shen, YangBai, Tou Linqi, MU Chuang, Zheng Ying, Cheng Ling,Nao Kong, Feng Chi, Feng Fu, Ya Men

Characters of Wei meridians

Yang wei maintains Yangmeridiansconnecting to Du meridian andcirculating in the superficies

Yin wei maintains Yinmeridiansconnecting to Ren meridian andcirculating in the yin side

differentiations of 8 extra meridians1. Chronic diseases go for extra meridians

deficiencyBoth congenital and postnataldeficiency make every meridian empty

excessChronic stagnation will remain inboth meridians and collaterals.

2. Special symptoms go for extra meridian

a Pain and sour feeling are related with Chong,Ren and Du meridiansb Stiff neck goes for Du meridianc Unstable movement goes for Qiao meridian

differentiations of 8 extra meridians

2. Special symptoms go for extra meridian

d Chill and fever with chest pain go for Weimeridiane Fullness below chest and abdominal distensiongo for Chong meridianf lumbar cold pain and emission or mensebleeding

differentiations of 8 extra meridians

treatment to the diseases of 8 extra

meridians1. Diseases of Du meridian

a Stagnation in Du meridianheadache,vertex pain, stiff in spinal column, backpain.

Gao Ben, Xi Xin, Qiang Huo, Fang Feng, JingJie, Ge Gen.

b Convulsion due to heat excesscoma,rigid spine, opisthotonus.

Reliving liver windLing Yangjiao, Tian Ma,Jiang Can, Quan Xie, Wu Gong



c Cold deficiency in Du meridianimpotence, nocturnalemission, sterility, enuresis, chronic diarrhea.

Reinforcing Du meridianLu Rong, Lu Jiaoshuang, LuJiaojiao

Dudeficiency

InTai YangFu Zi, Rougui, Gan Jiang,

InShao YinBa Jitian, Rou Congrong, BuGuzhi, Gou Qizi, Tu Sizi, Sha Yua Jili



2. Diseases of Ren meridiana Qi and bloodstagnationdysmenorrheal, amenorrhea, abdominalpain after delivery, bleeding after delivery, hernia.

Activating bloodcirculationDang Gui, Dan Shen, Tao Ren, Hong Hua,San Leng, E Zhu, Wang Bu Liuxing, Shan Zha, Ze Lan,Hu Bo

Promoting qiXiang Fu, Qing Pi, Ju He, Chuan Lianzi,Yuan Hu, Li Zhihe, Chai Hu.


meridians

b Deconsolidation of Ren meridiannocturnal emission,mense bleeding, leucorrhea, abortion

Reinforcing kidney andessenceGou Qizi, Tu Sizi, Fu Penzi, Er Jiao, Zi Heche,Rou Congrong,, Shan Zhuyu, Gui Ban

Reinforcing spleenqiRen Shen, Huang Qi, Bai Zhu, Shan Yao

Reducingdeficient fire from Ren meridianHuang Bai, Zhi Mu,Sheng Dihuang, Xuan Shen.


meridians2. Diseases of Ren meridian

c , , , , , Both Ren and Du deficiencylumbago, tinnitus,poor memory, fatigue, and diarrhea.,,,,,Reinforcing Du and Ren meridiansRen Shen, Lu Rong,Lu Jiao Shuang, Xiao Huixiang, Tu Sizi, Fu Penzi,,,,Warming lower Jiao deficient coldHu Taorou, Qian Shi,Shan Yao, Sha Yuan,, Warming DumeridianLu Jiaoshuang, Bu Guzhi, Rou GUi,,, Reinforcing RenmeridianSha Yao, Shan Zhuyu, Gui Ban


meridians2. Diseases of Ren meridian

3. Diseases of Chong meridians

a Abnormal ascending of Chong qiHiccup,short of breath, acute bleeding, nose bleeding inmenstruation

Chong qiascending

Ascending from backdumeridiantreating Shao Yin

Ascending from frontchong andren meridiantreating Jue Yin andYang ming


meridians

Promoting liverqiChuan Lianzi, uan Hu, Xiang Fu, Yu Jin, Chong Weizi

DescendingChong qiZi Shiying, Long Gu, Niu Xi

WarmingkidneyLu Jiaoshuang, Yang Rou, Zi Heche, RouCongrong, Du Zhong

RegulatingstomachBan Xia, Xuan Fuhua, Dai Zheshi, Long Gu,Mu Li, Li Gen Baipi.


meridians3. Diseases of Chong meridians

b Deficiency of Chong and Renmeridiansdelayed menstruation, amenorrhea,sterility, lactation, nocturnal emission,premature ejaculation,

Reinforcing liver and kidneyShuDihuang, Dang Gui, Xiao Huixiang, Ai Ye, BaJitian, Rou Congrong, Gou Qizi, Du Zhong



c Dysfunction of Chong and Renmeridiansirregular menstruation, sterility Liver qistagnationChai Hu, Xiang Fu, Li Zhihe

Kidney deficiencyNiuXi, Gou Qizi, Du Zhong

Qi andblood stagnationDang Gui, Chuan Xiong,Wang Bu Liuxing, Lu Lutong



4. Diseases of Dai meridiana Dysfunctionof Dai meridianabdominal fullness, pain aroundumbilicus, heavy feeling around lumbar region.

Phlegm retention in spleenCang Zhu, Bai Zhu, HuangBai, Huang Qin, Zhi Zi, Yin Chen, Fu Ling. Damp heat retention in Liver andG.BLong Dancao, Chai Hu, Ze Xie, Che Qianzi, MuTong, Sheng Dihuang, Dang Gui.

Bai Zhi for leucorrhea


meridians

b Deconsolidation of Daimeridianprolapsed of uterus, flaccidity of legs,abortion, leucorrhea, prolapsed internal organs.

Sheng Ma andWu Weizi for ascending Dai meridian

Long Gu,Mu Li and Wu Zeigu for consolidating Dai meridian

Ren Shen, Bai Zhu,Huang Qi and Gan Cao for reinforcing Spleen qi

Shan Yao, ShanZhuyu, Qian Shi and Hai Biaoxiao for reinforcing kidney qi


meridians4. Diseases of Dai meridian

5. Diseases of Qiao Meridiansa Imbalance of Yin andYangabnormal walking, flaccidity, spasm,strephexopodia and strephenopodia, Reinforcing marrow and nourishingtendonsBie Jia, Bai Shao, Er Jiao, Gui Ban, Niu Gusui,Zhu Gusui, Hu Gu, Rou Congrong, Niu Xi, Du Zhong,Chuan Duan. Heatburning Qiao meridianLing Yangjiao, Niu Huang, DiLong, Zhi Zi, Huang Lian, Gou Teng.


meridians

b Irregulation of Yin andYanginsomnia or somnolenceWei Qi circulates toyang makes Yang qiao strongerfull of energy

Wei Qi circulates toyin makes Yin qiao strongersleepy

Wei Qi fails toenter into yin makes yang qiao excessinsomnia

Wei Qiremains in yin makes yin qiao excesssomnolence


meridians5. Diseases of Qiao Meridians

Insomnia due to Yin deficiency andYang excessHuang Lian, Shan Zhuyu, SuanZaoren, Wu Weizi, Shu Dihuang

Somnolence due to Yangdeficiency and Yin excessRen Shen, Huangqi, Fu Zi, Rou Gui, Chen Pi, Shi Changpu, FuLing


meridians5. Diseases of Qiao Meridians

6. Diseases of Wei meridians

a Chill andfever as the main symptomskidneydeficiencyWei and Du deficiencychill andfever, amenorrhea

Lu jiaoshuang, Chai Hu, Gui Zhi, Qing Hao,Huang Qin, Ban Xia, Huang Qi


meridians

b

Diseases of Yin Weiblood deficiencyheartpainfoot 3 yin meridians problemsgastricpain, chest pain, lumbago

Chuan Lianzi, Yuan Hu, Xiang Fu, Dang Gui,Chuan Xiong, Jiang Xiang


meridians6. Diseases of Wei meridians

Eight confluent points 8

Eight extra meridians cross to 8 meridians points

treatment by Acupuncture to the diseases

of 8 extra meridians

Gong Sun and Nei Guan for heart, chest, stomachZu Lin Qi and Wai Guan for outer canthusHou Xi and Shen Mai for inner canthus and neckLie Que and Zhao Hai for Lung , throat anddiaphram

Explanation to Eightconfluent points

Gong Sunto abdomenChong NeiGuanchestYin Wei

Zu Linqitohypochondriac regionDai meridian

Wai GuanUp to shoulderYangWei meridian

Explanation to Eight confluentpoints

(c1,1.5)Hou XiS.I up toshoulderDu meridianShenMaistarting of Yang Qiao

Lie Quelung divergentthroutRenmeridian ZhaoHaistarting of Yin Qiao meridian

Applications of eightconfluent points

a Hou Xi for stiff neck, vertebrae problemb GongSun for qi abnormal ascending and spasmc Shen Mai and Zhao Hai for prolapse of eyelids and insomnia

1 extra meridians problem

Applications of eight confluentpoints

1 extra meridians problem

d .Cheng Jiang for headache and stiff necke. Di Cang for facial paralysisf. Feng Chi for superficial wind attack

Gong Sun and Nei Guan for heart, chest andstomach Lie Que and Zhao Hai for Lung, throat, anddiaphragm problems


2applied for the disease of two meridiansrelated


Zu Linqiand Wai Guan for external canthus, backears, cheek, neck, shoulderHou Xi and Shen Mai for inner canthus,neck, ears, shoulder

2applied for the disease of two meridiansrelated


3. Treatment based on other specific points

a.

b.

Lie Que, Gong Sun, Nei Guan, Wai Guanare Luo collateral points also, which can be appliedfor related problem of internal and external.

Hou Xi, Zu Linqi are Shustream points also, so they are indicated for bodyand joints pain

c. Shen Mai and Zhao Hai are thestarting place of Yin and Yang Qiao meridians, soinsomnia, joint problem and epilepsy are also theirindications


4. Treatment based on 4 yin Points and 4 Yang Points

Gong Sun and NeiGuanchest andabdomen

Lie Que and ZhaoHaiabdomenand pelvic

Yin pointsYinmeridiansYinplacesinternal Zang and Fuorgans

Respiratory system, Heartvessel system, digestivesystem, urinary system

Hou Xi and ShenMaiHead and senseorgans, 4limbs andback

Zu Linqi and WaiGuanHead and senseorgans, joints problems

Yang pointsYangmeridiansYangplacesexternal senseorgans and 4 limbs

Mouth problems, senseorgans, motor system andendocrine system



The applications ofTreatment based on 4 yin Points and 4Yang Points can be changed in clinicalpractices, such as left-up and left-down, right-up and right-down, left-up and right-down, right-up and left-down, and etc.



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