egyptian.ppt

8/13/2019 Egyptian.ppt

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Egyptian

Architecture


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Climatic:Structure have no downspout , drainage , gutters due to

absence of rain. No windows to cut heat penetration and

sandstorm.Religious:Pyramid were built because they believe in life after

death and for the preservation of dead body.Social and political:

Egyptian civilizationis the most ancient of which wehave any clear knowledge. Our information is derived

from the Old Testament, and from Greek and Latin

authors, as well as from internal records on papyri and

tablets, but more particularly from Egyptian buildings

with their inscriptions, through which it is traced back

more than 4,000 years before the Christian era.

Monarchy form of governmentPharaoh kin of E t , ruler.


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Egypt.

There are 138 pyramids discovered in Egypt as of 2008. Most

were built as tombs for the country's Pharaohs and their consorts

during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods.

The earliest known Egyptian pyramids are found at

Saqqara, northwest ofMemphis. The earliest among these is

the Pyramid of Djoser(constructed 2630 BCE2611 BCE)

which was built during the third dynasty. This pyramid and itssurrounding complex were designed by the architect Imhotep,

and are generally considered to be the world's oldest monumental

structures constructed of dressed masonry.

The estimate of the number of workers it took to build the

pyramids have a wide range from a few thousand, twenty

thousand, and up to 100,000.

The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on

the outskirts of Cairo. Several of the Giza pyramids are counted

among the largest structures ever built.The P ramid of Khufuat Giza is the lar est E tian ramid. It


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Pyramid of djoser :architect imhotep

Egyptian architectureis the architecture ofancient Egypt, one of

the most influentialcivilizationsthroughout history,which developed a

vast array of diversestructures andgreat architecturalmonuments along theNile, among the

largest and mostfamous of which arethe Great Pyramid ofGizaand the Great

Sphinx of Giza.


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The Great Pyramid of Giza

is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the GizaNecropolis bordering what is now El Giza, Egypt. It is the oldest ofthe Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remainlargely intact. Egyptologists believe that the pyramid was built as atomb for fourth dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu (Cheops in Greek)over an approximately 20-year period concluding around 2560 BC.Initially at 146.5 metres (481 feet), the Great Pyramid was the tallestman-made structure in the world for over 3,800 years. Originally, theGreat Pyramid was covered by casing stones that formed a smoothouter surface; what is seen today is the underlying core structure.Some of the casing stones that once covered the structure can still be

seen around the base. There have been varying scientific andalternative theories about the Great Pyramid's constructiontechniques. Most accepted construction hypotheses are based on theidea that it was built by moving huge stones from a quarry anddragging and lifting them into place.


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TheGreat Sphinx of Giza commonly referred to as the Sphinx, is alimestone statue of a reclining or couchant sphinx (a mythical creature witha lion's body and a human head) that stands on the Giza Plateau on the

west bank of the Nile in Giza, Egypt.It is the largest monolith statue in the world, standing 73.5 metres (241 ft)long, 19.3 metres (63 ft) wide, and 20.22 m (66.34 ft) high.[1] It is the oldestknown monumental sculpture, and is commonly believed to have beenbuilt by ancient Egyptians of the Old Kingdom during the reign of thepharaoh Khafra (c. 25582532 BC.


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Tombs for ancient

Egyptians

Mastabawere built for rich people. A mastaba was flat

stone made of sun baked mud bricks. These

bricks gave protection to the mummy inside

from the harmful effects of nature. Inside were

painted scenes called reliefs. These scenes

were of the Afterlife. Also inside a mastaba is a

very long, narrow shaft in an L-shape. The

mummy was put at the bottom of it at night.

The Egyptians made it a very long, narrow

shaft so that robbers could not steal the

mummy and its treasures. Outside of a

mastaba tomb is a picture of the deceased (the

person buried in the tomb) carved and painted

on it.PyramidsEvolve from mastaba , with four sides facing

the cardinal points, they were made by

100,000 men for 100 years.Rock cut tombis a burial chamber that is cut into the living

rock usually along the side of a hill. It was a

common form of burial for the wealthy inancient times.

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