Effect of Temperature and Synthesis of ZnO Nanostructures on Zn Plate

by Thermal Method

Oamphon Thongteel1, a, Vatcharinkorn Mekla 2,b Udom Tipparach3,c 1Program of Physics, Faculty of Science,Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubon Ratchathani

34000, Thailand

2Program of Physics, Faculty of Science,Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University, Ubon Ratchathani

34000, Thailand

2Deparment of Physics, Faculty of Science,Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani

34000, Thailand

aOamphon.Ning@hotmail.com.com,

bchoke-kana@hotmail.com, Udomt@hotmail.com

c

Keywords: ZnO nanostructure, thermal, effect of temperature

Abstract. ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by thermal evaporation method using Zn metal plate

in air. The Zn metal plates were frozen at -10 οC, before into the furnace at a temperature ranging

from 300 to 420 οC for 15 minutes. The ZnO nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction,

XRD and field emission scanning electron microscopy( FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction( XRD)

pattern showed the crystal nanostructure of ZnO. FE-SEM images indicated that the nanowires were

depended on temperatures. The diameter of ZnO nanowires werevaried from 50 nm to 70 nm and

length of several 100 micrometers.

Introduction

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most important multifunctional oxide materials used in industrial

applications as a well-known semiconductor with band gap of 3.37 eV at room temperature. ZnO has

attracted considerable attention due to its optical, chemical, electrical and nontoxic properties, and

also been applied in the fields of gas sensors [1], varistors [2], piezoelectric devices [3], and

photodiodes [4]. Nano-sized ZnO particles have been prepared using several physical and chemical

techniques. In particular, a variety of methods can be used to control the ZnO particle size in the range

of nanometer. These include thermal decomposition [5], chemical vapor deposition [6], sol–gel [7, 8,

and 9], spray pyrolysis [10], and precipitation [11]. Moreover, it is believed that a thin oxide films on

the surface of metallic Zn usually played a crucial role in the Zn oxidation [12, 13]. In this paper, we

report the effect of temperature on nanostructure of ZnO nanocrystals through thermal evaporation of

zinc plate in the air.

Experimental

A 1.5 cm x 1.5 cm of Zn plate was rised by acetone and de-ionization water several time. After it

being dried by an air gun, the Zn plates were frozen at -10 οC, by placingin alumina boat. The Zn

plate was loaded into nearly thermocouple of the tube furnace, and heated at temperatures ranging

from 300, 330, 360, 390 and 420 οC for 15 minutes in the air. After evaporation, the furnace was

cooled down to room temperature. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, XRD and

field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM).

Results and discussion

The samples were synthesized in the air at temperatures ranging from 300, 330, 360, 390 and 420 οC

for 15 minutes. XRD measurement and thus we did not record its XRD pattern. In Fig. 1, all the peaks

Advanced Materials Research Vols. 634-638 (2013) pp 2163-2165Online available since 2013/Jan/11 at www.scientific.net© (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerlanddoi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.634-638.2163

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are sharp and strong in intensity indicating the highly crystalline nature of the reaction products. ZnO

wurtzite phase was observed in the XRD pattern, which indicated that the samples on the surface were

partially the crystalline of Zn .

Figure1. XRD pattern of ZnO nanostructure at various temperatures from (A1) 300 οC, (A2) 330

οC, (A3)

360 οC, (A4) 390

οC and (A5) 420

οC for 15 minute in air.

Figure2. Morphologies of the product prepared at various temperatures from (A1) 300 οC, (A2) 330

οC, (A3)

360 οC, (A4) 390

οC and (A5) 420

οC for 15 minute in air.

The top-view FE-SEM images, it can be seen clearly that high-density, vertically scattered nanowires

were grown on the product prepared at heated at temperatures 390 οC for 15 minutes in air.

Conclusion

ZnO nanowires have been successfully fabricated by thermal evaporation of Zn plate at 390 οC for 15

minutes in air. The structures were characterized by XRD and FE-SEM instrument. The diameter of

ZnO nanorod varies from 50 nm to 70 nm and length of several 100 micrometers.

2164 Advances in Chemical, Material and Metallurgical Engineering

Acknowledgements

This work is supported by Program of Physics, Faculty of Science,Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat

University, Thai Microelectronic center (TMEC), Ubon Ratchathani University. The authors

gratefully thank them.

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Advanced Materials Research Vols. 634-638 2165

Advances in Chemical, Material and Metallurgical Engineering 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.634-638 Effect of Temperature and Synthesis of ZnO Nanostructures on Zn Plate by Thermal Method 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.634-638.2163

DOI References

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