ee 554 project assignment, spring 2009,...
TRANSCRIPT
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EE 554 PROJECT ASSIGNMENT, SPRING 2018, DR. MCCALLEY
Due: April 27, 2018
Your assignment is to perform an operating study for the Diablo Canyon Nuclear
Power Plant using the power flow and stability data provided to you by the
instructor. The objective of the study is to determine the safe operating limits for
the plant, in terms of MW output power, under the NERC disturbance class B
given in the NERC Planning Standards. You may assume that this criterion is
condensed to “the system must perform satisfactorily for a three-phase fault at the
machine terminals followed by loss of a single circuit.” To perform satisfactorily,
the machine must be stable and no first-swing transient voltage dip can fall below
0.75 per-unit.
There are three 500 kV lines emanating from the plant under “normal” conditions.
You are to develop the MW operating limits for a “weakened” condition whereby one
line is out on maintenance. Since two of the lines are identical, this means that you
must develop two different operating limits: with lines A, B, C, and A and B identical,
you must identify (1) the operating limit with A out and (2) the operating limit with C
out.
I expect that everyone will use the Powertech software PSAT (for power flow) and
TSAT (for time-domain simulation). I do not object if you want to use something else,
but I will not be very able to help you with program issues if you do use something
else. The basic commands to access the needed software are as follows: In order to access the VDI pool please follow the directions listed at https://it.ece.iastate.edu/vdi/ . Once you login to the VMWare Horizon Client, if you do not see a listing for the ECpE Compute VDI session, then you are not on the proper access control list and you will need to ensure your instructor has requested that you be added. For on-campus:
1. Install horizon (in lab will already be installed) 2. Login to the horizon client, it connects, then you see an area with multiple VDI sessions. One will be named
“ECE compute.” Select this one. 3. Then you see Windows system. 4. Go to start menu, click on “DSA Tools,” and then select either PSAT or TSAT as desired.
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Off-campus students may have access to DSATools via their employer, and if
acceptable to the employer, you may certainly use it that way. If you do not, then you
can use the same procedure as described above, except you will have to connect to the
VPN. Instructions for doing this are at the same URL given above, i.e., they are at
https://it.ece.iastate.edu/vdi/. In brief, connect to vpn.iastate.edu with a web browser,
install cisco any-connect from that site, then connect to cisco any-connect, and then
you are “on campus” thru the vpn.
Please note, I am trying to get more licenses at this time, but it is taking some extra
effort. And so right now, there are only 5 licenses available. This means only 5 people
can use it at any one time. With this in mind (until we obtain more licenses), I request
that you EXIT TSAT AND/OR PSAT IF YOU ARE NOT ACTIVELY USING IT.
THIS IS VERY IMPORTANT!!!!!!!!
You are provided (on the website) with 4 data files:
- wecc179.raw: The power flow raw data file in PTI Version 30 format.
- wecc179.dyr: The machine data for all machines in the system.
- Monitor.mon: This specifies the quantities you can inspect via the plotting
routine.
- faultbus103.swi: This specifies the contingency.
These data files are from a test system which is similar in structure to the
transmission system of the western U.S. However, I stress “similar” for two reasons:
1. The system is a product of gross approximation. Many essential features are
omitted in order to keep the system relatively simple and small in terms of number
of buses, lines, and machines. For example, this system represents only 179 buses.
Actual models of the western US grid typically have on the order of 20000 buses.
2. I do not have authority to provide accurate transmission models of the western US
grid.
So one should understand that any results obtained using this model pertain only to
this model and has very little relevance to the actual western US grid.
Two high-level one-line diagrams of the overall system are given in Fig. 1 below, and
Fig. 2 provides a more refined view of the portion of the system to be studied.
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PA
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Diablo
Canyon
Fig. 1: High-level system one-line
Diablo500
#102
Diablo25.0
#103
Gates500
#104
Midway500
#108
Fig. 2: Lower-level view of study area
You should be aware that there are two identical generating units at Diablo Canyon.
Dynamic data for one of these plants are given below. ********************************************************************************
THE BELOW CONTAINS STABILITY DATA FOR THE POWER PLANT OF INTEREST IN THE STUDY.
NOTE THAT THERE ARE TWO UNITS, BUT I HAVE ONLY PROVIDED DATA FOR ONE UNIT. YOU MAY ASSUME
THAT THE TWO UNITS ARE IDENTICAL. THE CORRSPONDING BUS NUMBER IN YOUR POWER FLOW DATA IS
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103. THERE IS DATA FOR THIS PLANT IN THE STABILITY DATA FILE FOR YOUR SYSTEM, WHICH IS
CALLED wecc179.dyr. YOU MUST CHECK THE DATA IN THE FILE TO VERIFY THAT THE MACHINE DATA IS
CORRECT IN RELATION TO THE BELOW. IF IT IS NOT, THEN YOU MUST CORRECT IT. YOU NEED NOT BE
CONCERNED ABOUT THE EXCITATION DATA (CARDS FC AND FZ), THE PSS DATA (CARD SF), THE GOVERNOR
DATA (CARD GS), OR THE TURBING DATA (CARD TB).
********************************************************************************
UT
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I P TE N X''D X''Q T''DT''Q
MD < NAME ><KV>D<MVA> <F> <#> <> < > < >< >< >< >
MD DIABLO CYN 211340. 90 1 N PG+ 0.2810.281.043.124
MF - CARD
--------
I P Q MVA T'D T'Q SG10 SG12 D
MF < NAME ><KV>D<MWS ><%><%>< ><RA><X'D><X'Q><XD ><XQ >< >< ><XL >< >< >< >
MF DIABLO CYN 214650.01.01.0134000210.3460.9911.6931.6366.581.5 2280.07690.410.0
FC DIABLO CYN 21 .0000 0 0 40000 2 6.0 -6.0 1000 15
FZ DIABLO CYN 21 563 390 0 3850 40 10000.000 0
SF DIABLO CYN 21 0 020.00251000 20.322 0 0 0 0 .05 0
GS DIABLO CYN 211208.0 0.05 0.18 0.0 0.04 0.1 0.2
TB DIABLO CYN 210.200 0.30 5.0 0.70 0
However, the data in your system files (power flow and stability) represents only a
single unit at the power plant. I have scanned the system data files and feel that the
data for this plant is questionable. You need to check it to verify that it appropriately
represents a single machine equivalent of the two machines given in the data below.
Specifically, you need to check two things, one in pf data and one in dynamic data.
In what follows, Section A identifies how to modify the power flow data and how to
run the power flow program. Section B identifies how to modify the dynamic data.
Section C identifies how to run the time-domain simulation program.
A. Modifying pf data and running pf program
The power flow data, especially the transformer impedance (the transformer
impedance should be approximately 0.10 pu, when given on the machine base,
but of course converted to the 100 MVA system base).
Note from the above “MF” card, we observe that the MVA base of the machine is
1340. If we are to represent two identical such machines, then the MVA base will be
1680. Assuming a transformer pu reactance on the machine base of 10% (0.1pu), then
we will have the pu reactance of the transformer for the two-machine equivalent
representation should be 0.1*(100/2680)=0.00373 pu. You need to modify the power flow
data to account for this change. When you do, you should also check that two units are
modeled at the Diablo Canyon bus (103). There are two things to check here:
MVA rating: should be 2680MVA.
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Var limits: should be +660MVAR and -620MVAR.
Here are steps to modify the power flow.
1. Open PSAT.
2. Click on “File” in the top menu (see circle top left below); select “import.”
3. A dialogue box will appear, as indicated below.
4. To the right of the “Powerflow File” box is a button with dots (see circle,
middle right, above). Click it and then go to the directory having your
“Raw” power flow data file called “wecc179.raw.” Click on this file and a
new dialogue box will appear; then click on “open” in the lower right of
this new dialogue box. This will bring you back to the first dialogue box
(the one illustrated above) where you should now click on “Import.” A
message screen will, and if all is well, it will give you an indication that
“Import has completed.” Click on “Done.”
5. Click on “Solution” in the top menu, just to the right of “File.” Select
“Parameters.” You will see the following dialogue box. At the top of this
box, use the “Solution Algorithm” drop-down menu to change from “auto”
to “Newton-Raphson.” All other solution parameters should be OK, so
click “OK.”
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6. Select “Solution” and then select “Solve.” As indicated below, you will see
in the bottom pane that that the power flow solution solves in 2 iterations
(you may have to increase the vertical height of the bottom pane to see it).
7. Now modify the transformer impedance from bus 102 to bus 103 as
follows:
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a. In the upper left-hand pane, double click on the folder-box called
“PowerFlowData – New PFB*.” Then double click on “Adjustable
Transformer,” and you will see the right-hand pane fill with
transformer data. Scroll down this right-hand-pane until you find the
102-103 transformer, as indicated below.
Note: Since the transformer impedance is in the direct path of the
generator circuit, it is very important to get it right. Getting it wrong
will make a large difference in your results!
b. Move the slide-bar at the bottom of the right-hand-pane to the right,
until you see “Series resistance” and “Series reactance” columns.
Modify the “Series reactance” to 0.00373, as indicated below.
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8. Now modify the generator data at bus 102.
a. With the upper left-hand-pane still showing the contents of
“PowerFlowData – New PFB*,” double click on “Generator,” and
you will see the right-hand-pane fill with generator data. Scroll down
this pane until you find the bus 103 generator (Diablo 25.0), as
indicated below.
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b. Observe under “Base MVA” that it indicates “1500.” Change this to
2680 by clicking in the appropriate cell and typing “1500,” and then
hit carriage return.
c. Observe that “MVAR Max” and MVAR Min” are 330 and -310,
respectively. Change these to 660 and -620, respectively, by clicking
in the appropriate cell and typing the correct value, then hit carriage
return. You should now see your screen as below.
9. Some final checks to make regarding the power flow data are as follows:
a. Identify the swing bus in the generator data. It will say “Swing bus”
under the “Bus type” column. You will see that it is John Day 13.8
(bus 77). Make sure that its MW output is not exceeding its rating.
This also tells you something about how much you might be able to
adjust Diablo output up and down without making any additional
manual change to generation or load. You should find that the John
Day generator has a rating of 10400MVA and an output of 5174MW.
Of course, if you use the swing bus to compensate for any changes at
Diablo, you should be aware that you are making a distinct MW
shift, and if you do not consider this MW shift to be reasonable, then
you will need to think of another MW shift that would be and then
make it. But be aware that any other desired MW shift beside using
the swing bus will require at least one additional manual change.
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b. With the upper left-hand-pane still showing the contents of
“PowerFlowData – New PFB*,” double click on “Line,” and you
will see the right-hand-pane fill with line data. Scroll down this pane
to identify all bus 102 line connections. There should be 3 of them:
i. Bus 102 to bus 104 #1
ii. Bus 102 to bus 108 #1
iii. Bus 102 to bus 108 #2
These three are shown in between the dark row and the bottom of the
right-hand pane as indicated below. This is just to verify Figure. 2.
Note that the circuit “ID” for most circuits shown here is “1” but
some are “2” or “3”. The circuit ID can be anything, and it is
required (along with from and to buses) to uniquely identify a circuit.
You need to designate circuit ID in the switching file; it is always
important, but it is easy to get wrong if there are two or more parallel
circuits (which is the case for the two Diablo-Midway 500 kV lines).
10. Now resolve the power flow as in Step 6 above.
11. Save your power flow solution as follows:
Click on “File” in the upper left-hand menu, and select “Save
powerflow as.” A dialogue box will appear. Go to an appropriate
directory and save it as type “PFB files.” Provide it with an
appropriate name. I suggest to use “wecc179”. We refer to this file as
your power flow saved case; it contains all of the power flow data
together with the particular solution you obtained from the last solve.
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12. Before you close out of PSAT, make sure you know how to re-open
your power flow saved case, as follows:
a. Click on “File” in the upper left-hand menu, and select “Open Power
flow.”
b. Go to the appropriate directory and select your power flow saved
case file.
c. Click on “Open.” Now you have retrieved your power flow saved
case to memory (including power flow data and a solution), and you
can make changes to it, resolve it, and resave it (perhaps to a
different name if you don’t want to overwrite your stored case).
13. Close out of PSAT by clicking on “File” and then select “exit” at the
very bottom of the menu.
B. Modifying dynamic data
In this section, we will modify the inertia constant, reactances, and time constants
of the machine as needed.
Note from the above “MF” card, we observe that the MW-sec are 4650. This
means that Hmach*MVAmach=4650MW-sec. Since this is for just one machine, with
MVA rating of 1340, we can compute Hmach=4650/1340=3.47 sec. You should
check to ensure that your data reflects this inertia.
Equivalent single machine data of 2 machine Original data in wecc179.dyr file Read as IBUS, ’GENROU’, I, T’do, T"do, T’qo, T"qo, H, D, Xd, Xq, X’d, X’q, X"d, Xl, S(1.0), S(1.2)/
103 'GENROU' 1 6.12000 0.05200 1.50000 0.14400
3.46000 0.00000 2.12900 2.07400 0.46700
1.27000 0.31100 0.25000 0.09000 0.38000 /
Correct data provided at bottom of page 3: UT
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I P TE N X''D X''Q T''DT''Q
MD < NAME ><KV>D<MVA> <F> <#> <> < > < >< >< >< >
MD DIABLO CYN 211340. 90 1 N PG+ 0.2810.281.043.124
MF - CARD
--------
I P Q MVA T'D T'Q SG10 SG12 D
MF < NAME ><KV>D<MWS ><%><%>< ><RA><X'D><X'Q><XD ><XQ >< >< ><XL >< >< >< >
MF DIABLO CYN 214650.01.01.0134000210.3460.9911.6931.6366.581.5 2280.07690.410.0
Correcting the original data in the PTI format so that it agrees with the provided data:
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1) Calculating inertia, H: Inertia Constant for 1 machine is 4650 MWs. Therefore, H = 4650/1340 MW.s/MVA= 3.47 MW.s/MVA.
2) Correcting time constants and reactances to agree with the provided data:
103 'GENROU' 1 6.58100 0.043 1.50000 0.12400
3.47000 0.00000 1.69300 1.64600 0.34600
0.991000 0.28100 0.25000 0.0769 0.41000 /
Observe that we X1 is not given in the provided data and so we let it remain equal to 0.25.
3) Data to be changed to reflect a two-machine equivalent: a) Time constants: They are independent of machine rating and so stay the same b) Reactances: They will also stay the same because they are given on an MVA base equal to the machine rating. Since we have doubled the machine dating, these per-unit values will effectively be halved. b) Inertia: The two machine are assumed to be swinging together. For one unit, H=4650/1340=3.47, on the machine base. For two units, H=9300/2680=3.47, on the machine base. Either way, the inertia constant is 3.47
So the correct data for equivalent single generator to represent both units is below:
103 'GENROU' 1 6.58100 0.043 1.50000 0.12400
3.47000 0.00000 1.69300 1.64600 0.34600
0.991000 0.28100 0.25000 0.0769 0.41000 /
The above data is used to replace the old machine data in the file wecc179.dyr file. The modified dataset was saved to a new file called wecc179mod.dyr.
C. Running time-domain simulation program (TSAT)
You should go through the following steps to learn how to run the TSAT time-domain
simulation program. These instructions take you through simulation of the “normal”
conditions associated with the power flow case that resulted from following step A
above. In this case, all circuits are “in” (that is, it is NOT a weakened condition), and
the Diablo Canyon plant is generating at 765 MW. We will simulate a 3-phase –to-
ground fault at the Diablo 500 kV bus (bus 102), followed by loss of the Diablo 500
kV to Midway 500 kV circuit #1 (102-108, #1). Because all lines are in, and because
there are two Diablo units (via our equivalent) generating at only 765MW (which is
only 28.5% of full load), we should be very surprised if this case is unstable, because
it would mean that the system as designed does not satisfy the NERC reliability
criteria.
Start by bringing up TSAT.
1. Click on “File” in the top menu and select “New.” You will see the following
dialogue box. Click on “Next.”
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2. You will then see the following dialogue box. Select the “Powerflow format” to
be “PFB, PSF.” Then click on the “Browse” button beside the “Powerflow”
window, and navigate to the folder containing your saved power flow case (in
my case, I called it wecc179.pfb). Select it. Then click “Next.”
3. You will now see a new dialogue box, where, at the top, it calls for “Dynamic
Data.” Next to the word “Default,” select PSS\E from the drop-down menu.
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Also, make sure that the “Name Option” is selected to “Bus Number.” Then
click on the “Browse” button next to the “Dynamic Data Files” window.
Navigate to the directory containing your dynamic data file (in my case, I called
it wecc179mod.dyr), and select it. Then click “Next.”
4. You will now see a new dialogue box, where, at the top, it calls for “Monitor
Data File(s).” Make sure that the “Name Option” is selected to “Bus Number.”
Then click on the “Browse” button next to the “Monitor Data Files” window.
Navigate to the directory containing your monitor data file (in my case, I called
it Monitor.mon), and select it. Then click “Next.” The monitor file posted to the
website is as below. [TSAT 8.X Monitor]
{Generator}
103, ' 1'
System,0.0
{End Generator}
{Generator State}
103, ' 1', 1, 2, 0, 0
{End Generator State}
{Additional Quantities}
bus, Voltage frequency
{End Additional Quantities}
{Bus}
102
103
104
108
{End Bus}
5. You will now see a new dialogue box, where, at the top, it calls for
“Contingency File(s).” Make sure that the “Name Option” is selected to “Bus
Number.” Then click on the “Browse” button next to the “Contingency Files”
window. Navigate to the directory containing your contingency file (in my case,
I called it faultbus103.swi), and select it. Then click “Next.” The contingency
file posted to the website is as below.
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/
/
Description Fault bus 102
Application Basecase Analysis
Simulation 10.000000 Seconds
Step Size 0.5 Cycles
Plot 2 Steps
Report 2 Steps
Integration RK4
After 1 Seconds
Three Phase Fault At Bus ;102
After 4 Cycles
Clear Three Phase Fault
Remove Line ;102 ;108 ;1
Nomore
/
END
6. You will now see a new dialogue box, where, at the top, it calls for “Criteria
Data.” We will not use that, so click on “Next.”
7. You will now see a new dialogue box, where, at the top, it calls for “Dynamic
Representation Data File.” We will not use that, so click on “Next.”
8. You will now see a new dialogue box that calls for several additional optional
data files, including “Transfer File,” “Parameter File,” etc. We will not use
these, so click on “Next.”
9. You will now see a new dialogue box, where, at the top, it calls for “Sequence
network data file.” We will not use that, so click on “Next.”
10. You will now see a new dialogue box, where, at the top, it calls for “PMU
data file.” We will not use that, so click on “Next.”
11. You will now see a new dialogue box, where, at the top, it calls for “Title,”
and it has “Base Scenario” already entered. Click on “Next.”
12. You will now see a new dialogue box, which provides a list of all possible
data to be used by TSAT (Description, parameters, powerflow data, dynamic
data, monitor data, criteria data, contingency data, dynamic representation data,
transaction data, sequence network data, and PMU data). Click on “Save” at the
bottom of the dialogue box. It will then ask you for a file name; I suggest using
“base”.
13. You will now see the following screen.
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To run TSAT, click on the “Run” selection from the menu at the top. Select “No
disturbance test.” A dialogue box will pop up asking you for simulation length,
step size, and integration method, with defaults of 10.00, 0.0040, and RK4,
respectively. Just leave them as defaults, and click “OK.” You will then see the
progression of the simulation in the lower right-hand-screen. When the 10
seconds of simulation are complete, you should observe all flat lines for both the
generator rotor angles and the bus voltages, as indicated below (if you don’t,
then something is wrong with your data).
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14. Assuming your no-disturbance case ran smoothly, you can now run the
simulation of the faulted condition. To do this, click on the “Run” selection from
the menu at the top. Select “Base case analysis.” You will again observe the
progression of the simulation in the lower right-hand-pane, but these plots
should not be straight lines. In particular, the bus voltage plot at the bottom
should show the voltage at t=1 second taking a step-change drop for the first 4
cycles after the 1 second point, as indicated below.
15. Although the above views allow you to see some plots of generator angle
and bus voltages, there is a plotting routine for which you will have greater
capabilities to inspect various quantities and tailor-make them according to your
needs. To access this plotting function, click on “View” at the top and select
“Results” from the menu. A new screen will appear, as shown below.
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16. You may like to modify the “external” part of the new screen so that it is
full screen by clicking (as usual) in the “box” button at the top-right-hand-corner
of the screen. It will then appear as below.
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17. You might also like to make the “internal” part of the screen so that it is
full screen within the external part. You can do this by clicking on the “box”
button just to the left of the red “X”. It will then appear as below.
18. The current view consists of the terminal voltages of all generators in the
system. All of these generators are listed in the upper middle screen called
“Curve legend.” If we wanted to view only a subset of them, we could click on
the desired bus in the “Curve legend” screen. For example, let’s look at the bus
103 terminal voltage (Diablo) and the bus 77 terminal voltage (John Day), by
selecting them using CNTRL-LEFT_CLICK, which will result in the following:
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Then right-click on one of the selected quantities (either one) and a menu will
pop up. Select “Selected quantities,” and you will then see the following:
19. Now we may like to view additional types of plots. We can observe what
is available to us (by virtue of what is contained in our “Monitor.mon” file) by
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clicking on the drop down menu in the upper right of the screen that says
“Quantity” and “Generator terminal voltage” as the current selection. For
example, we could inspect “Generator active power” by selecting it and then
right-clicking on the blue-red “Plot” button to the right of this drop-down menu.
Doing so results in the following screen.
20. Viewing other quantities under the drop-down menu is straightforward,
with one slight exception. If you select “Generator Angle,” and then click on
the blue-red “Plot” button, you will see the below.
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The fact that all angles are continuously increasing with time is because we are
viewing absolute rotor angle. If we want to view relative rotor angle, then we
need to click on “Graph” in the menu on the upper left-hand-side of the screen.
Then select “Options,” and then select “Plot relative angle.” I believe it will use
the power flow swing bus as the reference, in this case, that bus will be bus 77
(John Day). Doing so produces the following screen.
21. Let’s now inspect generator speed for several generators, including Diablo
Canyon, plot them, and then make a PDF file that we could include in a report.
To do this, we start by selecting and plotting the generator speed quantities for
all generators. This appears as below.
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22. Then, lets include only the top 6 generators in the list of the middle upper
pane; observe that Diablo is at the top of this list. Others on this list include
Bridger2, CanadG1, Castai4G, CMAIN GM, and CORONADO. We select them
using CNTRL-Left-Click, and then we plot them by Right-Clicking on any one
of them in the middle upper pane, and selecting “Selected Quantities.” The
below screen appears:
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23. We can then print this by clicking on the “File” button in the top left-hand
menu, and selecting “Print.” A dialogue box will appear as below. To the right
of “Name,” select “Adobe PDF” and then click “OK.”
24. You will then be asked for location and file name of where to store the
PDF file. Navigate to your desired directory and give an appropriate file name. I
chose “Speed.pdf.” After a few seconds, the pdf file popped up on the screen. I
used the “Edit” function of Adobe, selected “Take a snapshot,” and cut out the
below figure.
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In the above plot, it is satisfying to note that, although all six machines
incur speed deviation, it is clear that the one with the most speed deviation (and
therefore the one with the most acceleration and deceleration), is Diablo, which
is the one closest to the fault.
25. Now you will need to get to work by doing the following things:
a. Modify the power flow to remove one of the Diablo-Midway lines
(suggest to remove Diablo-Midway #2 so that you can continue using the
existing switching file).
b. Modify the switching file as necessary (if you followed my suggestion in
(a), you will not need to do anything here).
c. Rerun the case, determine whether it is stable or unstable.
d. Modify the power flow to increase or decrease Diablo output as necessary
(with some appropriate compensating change, as you think best).
e. Rerun the case, determine whether it is stable or unstable. Go to (d) and
repeat until you have determined the limit.
f. Make appropriate plots to confirm the limit.
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26. Repeat (25) for the case of one Diablo-Midway line out, with the
contingency being loss of the Diablo-Gates line.
27. Repeat (25) for the case of the Diablo-Gates line out, with the contingency
being loss of a Diablo-Midway line.
28. Develop a report that summarizes your finding. Your report should be
done professionally, with the thought being that it will first go to your supervisor
and then outside the organization (e.g., to other companies including the ISO
and the RTO).
Last comment: I ran a case with Diablo-Gates out and then simulated loss of
Diablo-Midway #1, with Diabl0 generating at 2440 MW. The result was below.
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APPENDIX: Q-cards for provided data on Diablo Canyon machine.
*********************************************************************************
THE BELOW CONTAINS Q-CARDS FOR DATA ENTRY FOR THE WSCC TRANSIENT STABILITY PROGRAM (MACHINE
DATA ONLY)
********************************************************************************
NOTE: THESE Q-CARDS ARE HELPFUL WHEN TRYING TO READ OR TYPE TRANSIENT STABILITY
DATA FROM OR ONTO THE SCREEN. YOU CAN INSERT THEM DIRECTLY INTO THE DATA
FILE YOU ARE WORKING ON, JUST ABOVE THE DATA CARD OF INTEREST, AND THEN
VERY EASILY READ OR TYPE YOUR DATA. REFER TO THE WSCC TRANSIENT STABILITY
MANUAL FOR MORE EXPLICIT INFORMATION REGARDING DATA FORMATS.
MD- CARD
--------
UT
NY O
IP W
I P TE N X''D X''Q T''DT''Q
MD < NAME ><KV>D<MVA> <F> <#> <> < > < >< >< >< >
MF - CARD
--------
I P Q MVA T'D T'Q SG10 SG12 D
MF < NAME ><KV>D<MWS ><%><%>< ><RA><X'D><X'Q><XD ><XQ >< >< ><XL >< >< >< >
EXCITER - FIRST CARD (NEW FORMAT)
--------------------
T
Y
P
E I VI OR VA KA TA VR OR VA KE
F < NAME ><KV>D<RC ><XC ><TR ><MAX><MIN><TB ><TC ><KV ><TRH><MAX><MIN><KL ><TE>
EXCITER - SECOND CARD (NEW FORMAT)
--------------------
E/V
EFD EFDM
I SE1 SE2 EFDN VEM KF TF KD KB KL KH VLR
FZ < NAME ><KV>D<KI ><KP ><0P ><VBM><KG ><VGM><KC ><XL ><VLV><KLV><KN ><KR >< >
EXCITER - OLD CARD
------------------
T
Y
P KS EFD
E I KA TRH TA1 SE SE EFD VB KF
E < NAME ><KV>D<TR><KV ><TA>< ><VR><KE><TE><KI><KP><MIN><MAX<KA><TF><XL ><TFI>
PSS
----------------
T
Y t6 t5 t2 t1 t4 t3
P VS V
28
E IKQV TQV KQSTQS TQ1 T'Q1TQ2 T'Q2TQ3 T'Q3 MAX CUTVS
S < NAME ><KV>D< >< >< >< ><TQ>< >< >< >< >< >< >< >< ><><REMOTE BUS>
GOVERNOR AND TURBINE CARD -TYPES H & C
--------------------------------------
H I PMAX R TG TP TD .5TW VELC VELO DO <- TYPE H HYDRO
GC < NAME ><KV>D<PMAX>< R ><T1 ><-- ><T3 ><T4 ><T5 >< F ><DH > <- TYPE C CROSS-COMPOUND
GOVERNOR AND TURBINE CARD -TYPES S & W
--------------------------------------
VEL VEL
S I PMAX PMIN R T1 T2 T3 OPEN CLOSE <- TYPE S STEAM GOVERNOR
GW < NAME ><KV>D<PMAX><PMIN>< R ><T1 ><T2 ><T3 >< >< > <- TYPE W HYDRO-GOVERNOR
TURBINE CARD - TYPES S & W
--------------------------
T
Y
P
E I
T < NAME ><KV>D<T4 ><K1 ><K2 ><T5 ><K3 ><K4 ><T6 ><K5 ><K6 ><T7 ><K7 ><K8 >