edu in china

7/28/2019 Edu in China

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BY: NIMRA

EDUCATION SYSTEM IN CHINA


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China is developing country with a population

taking up one fifth of the worlds total. 367

million people are below 18.

POPULATION


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The Choice of China

Adopting the strategy of

reinvigorating the

country through science

and education

Converting the

populationpressure into

huge human

resources


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Putting People First

The Chinese Government has put forward the scientificdevelopment outlook of putting people in the first

place and promoting the harmonious development of

economy and society and the idea of building a

socialist harmonious society.


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Great Achievement in Chinas

Basic Education

95% of total population receives 9 yearcompulsory education.

High school education grows up quickly.

Curriculum reforms are undergoing pretty well.

Teachers are respected.

A series of educational laws promulgated andrevised.


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Education System in China

In China, the education is divided into threecategories:

Basic education,

Higher education, andAdult education.

The Compulsory Education Law of stipulates that

each child have nine years of formal education.


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Basic Education

Basic education in China includes pre-school

education, primary education and regular

secondary education.

Preschool, or kindergarten, can last up to three

years, with children entering as early as age

three, until age six, when they typically enter

elementary school. The academic year is divided

into two semesters.


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Secondary Education Secondary education is divided into academic secondary education andspecialized/vocational/technical secondary education.

Academic secondary education is delivered by academic lower andupper middle schools.

Lower middle school graduates wishing to continue their education takea locally administered entrance exam, on the basis of which they will

have the option either of continuing in an academic upper middle schoolor of entering a vocational secondary school.

Vocational schools offer programs ranging from two to four years andtrain medium-level skilled workers, farmers, and managerial andtechnical personnel.

Technical schools typically offer four-years programs to train

intermediate technical personnel. Schools for Skilled Workers typically train junior middle school

graduates for positions requiring production and operation skills. Thelength of training is typically three year.


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Higher Education

Higher education at the undergraduate level includes two-and three-year junior colleges(sometimes also calledshort-cycle colleges, four-year colleges, and universitiesoffering programs in both academic and vocational

subjects. Many colleges and universities also offergraduate programs leading to the masters or Ph.D.degree.

Chinese higher education at the undergraduate level isdivided into three-year and four-year programs. The former

is offered not only at short-cycle colleges, but frequentlyalso at four-year colleges and universities. The latter isoffered at four-year colleges and universities but do notalways lead to the bachelors degree.


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Adult Education The adult education category overlaps all three of the

above categories.

Adult primary education includes Workers PrimarySchools, Peasants Primary Schools, and literacy classes.

Adult secondary education includes radio/TV specialized

secondary schools, specialized secondary school forcadres, specialized secondary schools for staff andworkers, specialized secondary schools for peasants, in-service teacher training schools and correspondencespecialized secondary schools.

Adult higher education includes radio/TV universities,institutes, workers colleges, peasant colleges,correspondence colleges, and educational colleges. Mostof the above offer both two- and three-year short-cyclecurricula; only a few also offer regular undergraduate

curricula.


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Principles & General Objectives of

Education

Education in the Peoples Republic of Chinamust serve the construction of the socialist

modernization, be combined with production and

labor, and foster builders and successors with all

round development of morality, intelligence andphysique for the socialist cause. Education shall

be carried out in the spirit of inheriting and

expanding the fine historical and cultural

traditions of the Chinese nation and assimilatingall the fine achievements of the civilization

progress of human beings.


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Student learning

Active learning

Interactive learning

Hands-on ability How to fish instead of giving fish


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Teaching reforms

Classroom teaching

Social participation

Project oriented study

Team work

Teaching Process


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Teaching Assessment Grade instead of 100 marks

More encouragement Qualities at all aspect are encouraged

Continuous innovations toward entrance

examination will be conducted


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Financial aid to Students Grants. The State Grant program was established

in 2002 to award excellent needy undergraduatestudents in regular higher education institutions.

Scholarships. Merit-based scholarships are oneof the main types of aid available to collegestudents since 1986.

Work-study.In 1994 Regulations on building work-study funds in regular higher education institutionswas issued to require all institutions to construct work-

study funds aiming at helping poor students. Tuition waivers. Only a very limited number of

needy students may get this kind of aid.


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CONTD

Student loans. The first loan program began in1986. There are three types of student loan

programs in China:

The General-Commercial Student Loans

Scheme (GCSL),

The Government-Subsidized Student Loans

Scheme (GSSL), and

The Government-subsidized Student ResidentLoan (SRL) (Shen 2008).


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Education management and the

Administrative System in China

In China, government is the principle investor ineducation, although private educationalinvestment has been increasing rapidly since1978. As a result of the reform, decision-making

in the area of education has become much moredecentralized. Local government is playing a keyrole in compulsory education, while central andprovincial government are dominant in highereducation. In occupational and adult education,

non-governmental entities including industrialorganizations, businesses and public institutionsplay an important role.


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CONTD

In China, the Ministry of Education is the supremeeducation administrative body in the country, with

numerous branches at provincial and local levels.

Through the Ministry, fiscal allocations are made

on a regionby-region basis and account for themajority of educational funding.


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