editorial modeling, characterization, and processing of...

Hindawi Publishing CorporationAdvances in Materials Science and EngineeringVolume 2013 Article ID 307615 2 pageshttpdxdoiorg1011552013307615

EditorialModeling Characterization and Processing ofAdvanced Composites

Philip Harrison1 Abbas S Milani2 and Roham Rafiee3

1 School of Engineering University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK2 School of Engineering University of British Columbia Kelowna BC Canada V1V 1V73 Composites Research Laboratory Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies University of Tehran Tehran 1439955941 Iran

Correspondence should be addressed to Philip Harrison philipharrisonglasgowacuk

Received 11 July 2013 Accepted 11 July 2013

Copyright copy 2013 Philip Harrison et alThis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licensewhich permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited

Over the past few decades outstanding progress in the sci-ence and technology of composite materials has been madeTheir unique characteristics make composites desirable forengineering applications across a wide variety of industrialsectors New manufacturing methods are driving downcosts and emerging fields such as nanocomposites greencomposites 2D3D textile composites and multifunctionalcomposites have been the focus of a great deal of excitingand innovative research activity This special issue containsa snapshot of research typical of this activity and includesfifteen papers on topics such as structural and damageanalysis process modeling fundamental mechanisms at thenano- andmicroscales in both nano- and biocomposites andnondestructive test methods for advanced carbon compos-ites

Structural and damage analysis of composite structures isconsidered in four different articles ldquoAnalysis of the dynamicresponse in blast-loaded CFRP-strengthened metallic beamsrdquoby Z Wang et al presents an analytical solution for thedeformation and ultimate strength calculation of hybridmetal-CFRP beams subjected to dynamic loading ldquoMicro-tomographic analysis of impact damage in FRP compositelaminates a comparative studyrdquo by M Alemi-Ardakani et alpresents a 3D microtomographic technique to visualize andcompare modes of impact damage in a set of thermoplasticlaminates ldquoOptimum design of fibre orientation in compositelaminate plates for out-plane stressesrdquo by R Khandan et aldevelops a new methodology to minimise plate thickness byoptimising the fibre orientations for different load cases amodified penalty function including the effect of transverse

shear forces is used in the optimisation process ldquoStay-in-placeformwork of TRC designed as shear reinforcement for concretebeamsrdquo by S Verbruggen et al demonstrates the utility oftextile-reinforced cement for improving structural stay-in-place formwork which is useful in civil engineering througha preliminary analysis and feasibility study

Process modeling is considered in six papers ldquoMod-elling the shear-tension coupling of woven engineering fabricsrdquoby F Abdiwi et al addresses the important effect of thecoupling between shear compliance and in-plane tensionduring the forming ofwoven engineering fabrics and presentsa new modeling framework to include this coupling infinite element simulations Model predictions have beenvalidated against experimental shear force measurementsfrom a Biaxial Bias Extension (BBE) test ldquoNumerical toolsfor composite woven fabric preformingrdquo by A Cherouat andH Borouchaki presents an optimisation-based method forthe simulation of the forming processes of woven fabric rein-forced composites Two different approaches are proposedfor the simulation of the draping of woven fabric onto com-plex geometries geometrical and mechanical approachesNumerical simulations of the forming process are proposedand compared with experimental results ldquoCuring pressureinfluence of out-of-autoclave processing on structural com-posites for commercial aviationrdquo by V M Drakonakis etal discusses a custom designed controlled pressure vessel(press-clave) and analyses the separated effects of pressureand temperature during prepreg consolidation Specimensmanufactured by the press-clave are analytically tested andcompared with autoclaved specimens to demonstrate the

2 Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

suitability of the press-clave in manufacturing high-qualitycomposites at dramatically lower cost ldquoThermal and curekinetics of epoxy molding compounds cured with thermallatency acceleratorsrdquo by C-C Su et al characterises thereactivity and cure behavior of an epoxy molding compoundwith thermal latency catalysts The authors use a kineticmodel to investigate the influence of thermal latency cat-alyst on the curing process ldquoA phenomenological thermal-mechanical viscoelastic constitutivemodeling for polypropylenewood compositesrdquo by X Peng et al decouples the effectof temperature from strain rate in order to develop anonlinear thermomechanical viscoelastic constitutive modelfor the high temperature compression of polypropylenewoodcomposites After validating the model using experimentaldata the model is applied to the thermoforming simulationof an automobile interior part ldquoOptimization of Ni-basedWCCoCr composite coatings produced by multilayer lasercladdingrdquo by A Angelastro et al proposes a methodologyfor the optimum selection of parameters associated witha surface coating technique developed for improving wearcorrosion and fatigue properties of mechanical componentsusing a mathematical model and experimental analysis

Discussion of fundamental mechanisms operating at thenano- and microscales in both nano- and biocompositesis considered in four papers ldquoChallenges of the modelingmethods for investigating the interaction between the CNTand the surrounding polymerrdquo by R Rafiee et al is a reviewthat critically assesses the various strategies that have beenemployed by other researchers in modeling the interactionbetween carbon nanotubes and polymer matrix ldquoImprove-ment of dispersion and color effect of organic pigments inpolymeric films via microencapsulation by the miniemulsiontechniquerdquo by D Qi et al discusses how a set of primary colorpigmentP(BA+St) nanocomposites with improved particlesize and self-adhesive properties have been prepared viaminiemulsion polymerisation These are applied to the filmformation and the pigment printing of cotton fabrics Itis shown that the presence of adhesive shell on pigmentsurface can notably inhibit the extensive agglomeration ofpigment particles and hence improve the adhesion efficiencyof the binder to the pigment ldquoImproved surface wettabilityof water by applying SiCTi6Al4V coatings on carboncarboncompositesrdquo by L-L Zhang et al discusses how SiCTi6Al4Vcoatings are applied on carboncarbon composites to improvetheir surface wettability by water Carboncarbon (CC)composites can play an important role in biomedical applica-tions however the surface wettability of the CC compositeshas to be improved to promote protein absorption andcell attachment and thereby enhance osteoconductivity andbone regeneration ldquoEffect of cobalt fillers on polyurethanesegmentations investigated by synchrotron small angle X-rayscatteringrdquo by K Koyvanich et al considers the effect ofchanging the loading of ferromagnetic cobalt (Co) powder(average diameter 2120583m) on the molecular structure of PUsynthesized from a reaction between polyether polyol (softsegment) and diphenylmethane-441015840-diisocyanate (hard seg-ment) The authors conclude that higher Co loadings lead tolarge deviations in molecular structure from predictions ofall the theoretical models considered in the investigation

An additional paper on nondestructive testing is includedin the special edition ldquoTerahertz wave approach and appli-cation on FRP compositesrdquo by K-H IM et al considers oneof the most recently developed nondestructive evaluationtechniques A T-ray time-domain spectroscopy system isused to detect and evaluate the influence of fibre orientationon the electrical conductivity of carbon laminates

Philip HarrisonAbbas S MilaniRoham Rafiee

Submit your manuscripts athttpwwwhindawicom

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2 Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

suitability of the press-clave in manufacturing high-qualitycomposites at dramatically lower cost ldquoThermal and curekinetics of epoxy molding compounds cured with thermallatency acceleratorsrdquo by C-C Su et al characterises thereactivity and cure behavior of an epoxy molding compoundwith thermal latency catalysts The authors use a kineticmodel to investigate the influence of thermal latency cat-alyst on the curing process ldquoA phenomenological thermal-mechanical viscoelastic constitutivemodeling for polypropylenewood compositesrdquo by X Peng et al decouples the effectof temperature from strain rate in order to develop anonlinear thermomechanical viscoelastic constitutive modelfor the high temperature compression of polypropylenewoodcomposites After validating the model using experimentaldata the model is applied to the thermoforming simulationof an automobile interior part ldquoOptimization of Ni-basedWCCoCr composite coatings produced by multilayer lasercladdingrdquo by A Angelastro et al proposes a methodologyfor the optimum selection of parameters associated witha surface coating technique developed for improving wearcorrosion and fatigue properties of mechanical componentsusing a mathematical model and experimental analysis

Discussion of fundamental mechanisms operating at thenano- and microscales in both nano- and biocompositesis considered in four papers ldquoChallenges of the modelingmethods for investigating the interaction between the CNTand the surrounding polymerrdquo by R Rafiee et al is a reviewthat critically assesses the various strategies that have beenemployed by other researchers in modeling the interactionbetween carbon nanotubes and polymer matrix ldquoImprove-ment of dispersion and color effect of organic pigments inpolymeric films via microencapsulation by the miniemulsiontechniquerdquo by D Qi et al discusses how a set of primary colorpigmentP(BA+St) nanocomposites with improved particlesize and self-adhesive properties have been prepared viaminiemulsion polymerisation These are applied to the filmformation and the pigment printing of cotton fabrics Itis shown that the presence of adhesive shell on pigmentsurface can notably inhibit the extensive agglomeration ofpigment particles and hence improve the adhesion efficiencyof the binder to the pigment ldquoImproved surface wettabilityof water by applying SiCTi6Al4V coatings on carboncarboncompositesrdquo by L-L Zhang et al discusses how SiCTi6Al4Vcoatings are applied on carboncarbon composites to improvetheir surface wettability by water Carboncarbon (CC)composites can play an important role in biomedical applica-tions however the surface wettability of the CC compositeshas to be improved to promote protein absorption andcell attachment and thereby enhance osteoconductivity andbone regeneration ldquoEffect of cobalt fillers on polyurethanesegmentations investigated by synchrotron small angle X-rayscatteringrdquo by K Koyvanich et al considers the effect ofchanging the loading of ferromagnetic cobalt (Co) powder(average diameter 2120583m) on the molecular structure of PUsynthesized from a reaction between polyether polyol (softsegment) and diphenylmethane-441015840-diisocyanate (hard seg-ment) The authors conclude that higher Co loadings lead tolarge deviations in molecular structure from predictions ofall the theoretical models considered in the investigation

An additional paper on nondestructive testing is includedin the special edition ldquoTerahertz wave approach and appli-cation on FRP compositesrdquo by K-H IM et al considers oneof the most recently developed nondestructive evaluationtechniques A T-ray time-domain spectroscopy system isused to detect and evaluate the influence of fibre orientationon the electrical conductivity of carbon laminates

Philip HarrisonAbbas S MilaniRoham Rafiee








CeramicsJournal of







Biomaterials




Journal of


Journal of





CoatingsJournal of

Advances in








MaterialsJournal of


Nano

materials










CeramicsJournal of







Biomaterials




Journal of


Journal of





CoatingsJournal of

Advances in








MaterialsJournal of


Nano

materials



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