ecosystem vocabulary
DESCRIPTION
Ecosystem Vocabulary. Interactions in Ecosystems. Our goals for this unit. I will be able to recognize consumers, producers, and decomposers. I will be able to recognize how changes in populations effect the balance of an ecosystem. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
ECOSYSTEM
VOCABULARY
INTERACTIONS IN ECOSYSTEMS
OUR GOALS FOR THIS UNIT• I will be able to recognize consumers, producers, and
decomposers.• I will be able to recognize how changes in populations effect
the balance of an ecosystem.• I will be able to recognize carnivores, omnivores, and
herbivores.• I will be able to recognize different types of ecosystems and
the organisms living in them.• I will be able to analyze both positive and negative effects on
ecosystems.• I will be able to explain how a food chain and food web
interact. • I will be able to order animals in a food web/food chain.
ECOSYSTEM• Short for “ecological system”• Includes all of the living and nonliving
organisms existing together in a particular area
• Complex set of relationships among the living resources, habitats, and residents of an area; includes plants, trees, animals, fish, birds, micro-organisms, water, soil, and people
NICHE• The role of an organism in its
habitat
HABITAT• The natural environment
where an organism lives
Symbiosis
• A close, long lasting relationship between two species
POPULATION
• All the members of the same type of organism living in the same ecosystem
ECOSYSTEM PYRAMID
PREDATOR
• An animal that hunts and eats other animals
PREY• An animal that is hunted and
eaten by a predator
PREDATOR? PREY?
Energy and Matter in Ecosystems
EXTINCTION •The dying out of all the members of a species
Endangered Species•A species that is close to extinction
Pollution•The addition of harmful things to the environment
Threatened Species• A species that is close to
becoming endangered
FOOD CHAIN• The description of how energy in
an ecosystem flows from one organism to another
FOOD WEB• The description of all the food
chains in an ecosystem
ROLES IN A FOOD CHAIN/WEB
PRODUCER• An organism that uses the Sun’s
energy to make its own food
CONSUMER
• An organism that eats other organisms
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONSUMERS
• Carnivore- An animal that eats other animals• Herbivore- An animal that eats only plants• Omnivore- An animal that eats both plants and
animals
LEVELS OF CONSUMERS• Primary consumer- an animal that gets all its
energy from plants (herbivore)• Secondary consumer- an animal that eats
primary consumers (carnivore)• Tertiary consumer- an animal usually at or
near the top of the food chain; eat other consumers (carnivores or omnivores)
WHICH IS WHICH?
DECOMPOSER• An organism that breaks down
dead plants and animals into simpler materials that enrich the soil
ENERGY PYRAMID• Shows how energy moves to each
level of an ecosystem
TEST PREPWhich would have the same effect on a zebra population
as increasing the number of lions in the habitat?
A. The grass-eating insects die from disease.B. No fires occur during the dry season.C. Antelopes and wildebeests move into the area.D. Trees are uprooted during a summer storm.
TEST PREPA cat eats a mouse. Which is the cat?
A.ParasiteB.PopulationC.PredatorD.Prey
TEST PREPA tick is an animal that takes blood from its
host. Which type of symbiosis does this describe?
A.CommensalismB.MutualismC.NicheD.Parasitism
TEST PREPTwo species of birds share an island and depend on the
same food source. Which would likely happen if food became scarce?
A. The birds would all fly away.B. Both birds would become extinct.C. The island’s bird population would decrease.D. The smallest bird species would become extinct.
TEST PREPWhich of these is a predator/prey relationship?
A.A mouse eats a seed.B.A plant gets energy from the Sun.C.A spider eats a cricket.D.An owl uses a cactus for a home.
TEST PREPWhich is a role of lions in an ecosystem?
A. Lions help keep the population of trees under control.B. Lions help keep the population of zebras under
control.C. Lions help keep the population of wolves under
control.D. Lions help keep the population of grasses under
control.
TEST PREPA town used pesticides to control mosquitoes in thearea. Scientists later observed that the population ofone type of bat had decreased. Which is the BESTconclusion you can draw from this information?
A. People overhunted the bats.B. This type of bat ate mosquitoes.C. The bats’ habitat was destroyed.D. The bats died from disease spread by the mosquitoes.
TEST PREPThe zebra mussel was introduced into a lake ecosystem. Within a few years, the zebra mussel population soared, and it showed no sign of declining. Which conclusion can you draw?
A. The mussels will soon become extinct.B. The mussels are not adapted to freshwater.C. The mussels play a vital role in the lake’s ecosystem.D. The mussels have no natural predators in the lake.
TEST PREPIn the last several years, the number of rabbits in aMississippi forest has remained the same. Which of thefollowing would MOST LIKELY cause the number of rabbitsto decrease?
A. Plant more tress in a forest.B. Increase the size of the rabbits’ habitat.C. Increase the number of decomposers in the habitat.D. Introduce carnivores, such as hawks and bobcats, into the
habitat.