ECONOMY With the increasing unpredictability of the types of questions being asked in the UPSC IAS examination, it becomes very important for IAS aspirants to begin and continue to practice answer writing. This will prove to be very helpful and fruitful while preparing for the most coveted civil services. The workbooks are designed in a way that enables the students to understand their weak areas and improve upon them.

The workbook is a novel concept brought to you by GS SCORE for aiding your preparation and helping you achieve ‘the IAS dream’. The workbooks contain sets of questions along with their model answers to help students practice at their convenience. Each question in the workbook covers a topic relevant to the UPSC examination. Thus, it will help aspirants to complete their syllabus holistically through questions and answers.

There are 12 booklets available to all students for the preparation of the Mains examination.

They will be � categorized subject-wise for the benefit and convenience of the students.

This categorization will also help the students practice the topics they are studying without having to �

search for them from a huge compilation of uncategorized notes.

What is the significance of the practicing answer writing for Mains Examination? "

The Workbooks will help students assess themselves and their preparation while aiding them by providing quality questions for practicing answer writing, which is a very important component of the UPSC Civil Services Examination. Answer writing practice will provide aspirants a clarity and coherency in their answers. Along with that, flow of thought and expressions is also important for writing answers in the UPSC Mains examination, which can only be developed with practice and persistence. With the GS SCORE Workbook for Economy aspirants will easily be able to cover the entire syllabus along with improving the quality of their answer writing skills.

How will the workbook help serious aspirants? "

The Workbooks have been designed in a way that follows the trends of the UPSC IAS Mains examination giving the aspirants only valuable and holistic practice of answer writing. Each set of the Workbook covers significant portions of the subject in 10-11 questions.

The GS SCORE Economy workbook consists of questions from the following topics:

A. Economy (9 sets in total)

Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources, growth, development and �

employment.

Inclusive growth and issues arising from it. �

Government Budgeting. �

Major crops cropping patterns in various parts of the country, different types of irrigation and irrigation �

systems storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers

Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; Public Distribution �

System objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security; Technology missions; economics of animal-rearing.

Food processing and related industries in India- scope and significance, location, upstream and �

downstream requirements, supply chain management.

Land reforms in India. �

Effects of liberalization on the economy, changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial �

growth.

Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc. �

Investment models �

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ECONOMYWORKBOOK

SET - 1Question & Answer

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Discuss the major factors contributing to low productivity in Indian agriculture. Q1. Analyze the government efforts in post-liberalization era to address these concerns? (200 words)

The growth of Indian economy since 1991 reforms can be described as the Q2. service sector led economic growth. Analyze its major impacts on the Indian Economy? Do you think that service sector led growth is sustainable in the long run? Give reasons with statistical support? (250 words)

Explain how India has moved from central planning to indicative planning; also Q3. discuss the reasons behind such a shift? Is NITI Aayog more compatible to this mode of planning as compared to planning commission (200 words)

Discuss dissimilarities and similarities between present Niti Aayog and former Q4. Planning Commission of India (250 words)

Critically examine the debilitating effect of colonialism on the Indian Economy Q5. (150 words)

Discuss the main concern of government regarding economic policy after the Q6. attainment of Independence? (200 words)

The Nehruvian view endorsed the need for rapid development led by state Q7. economic activity and planning’. Comment (200 words)

Critically evaluate the success of five year plans in addressing planned economic Q8. development of India (200 words)

The 73Q9. rd and 74th Constitutional amendments have remained as unfinished agenda. How does it hinder the accomplishment of economic democracy? Examine (200 words)

Critically examine the impact of New Industrial policy initiated in 1991 in India. Q10. (150 words)

India aspires to become $5 trillion economy by 2024. What measures needs to Q11. be taken by both government and private-corporations to achieve this target? Discuss the long term impact of unsustainable and non-inclusive growth on Indian society. (250 words)

ECONOMY (Set-1)QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

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The structural issues of Indian Economy have not been properly addressed Q12. despite more than 2 decades of reforms. Comment and Identify major areas which have not been reformed despite reasonable reforms in other areas, such as taxation and banking?

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1. Discuss the major factors contributing to low productivity in Indian agriculture. Analyze the government efforts in post-liberalization era to address these concerns? (200 words)

APProACH

Give a brief introduction about current scenario of Indian agriculture. 1. (50 words)Explain various major factors contributing to low productivity in Indian 2. Agriculture. (60 words)Give Brief Information about government efforts starting from post 3. liberalization era to current era. (60 words)Way forward (30 words)4.

HINTS

Agriculture plays a vital role in India’s economy including forestry and fishing also. This sector is known as the primary sector of the economy. At the time of Indian independence this sector had biggest share in the Gross Domestic Product of India. But year by year its contribution goes on declining and currently it contributes only 17% of Indian GDP at current prices and provides jobs to around 53% population of India.

Major factors contributing to its low productivity Agricultural productivity in India depends on the series of factors such as the quality and availability of major agricultural inputs like land, water, seeds and fertilisers, sufficient access to agricultural credit and crop insurance, assurance of remunerative prices for agricultural produce and storage and marketing infrastructure, among others.

Landholding Size:- � nearly 65 percent farmers has less than 1 hectare of land which restrict the capability to invest in farms and reduce productivity. Therefore Not only agricultural holdings are small but they are fragmented too. Lack of knowledge:- � Despite the various government initiatives like krsishi kalian Kendra’s, radio stations the knowledge among the farmer about the right seeds, crop, insecticide and pesticide is poor which reduce productivity of farms.Poor Techniques of Production:- � The Indian farmers have been using old and inefficient methods and techniques of production generation after generation. In India, the use of both farmyard manure and chemical fertilisers is mostly inadequate compared to our needs.Poor Irrigation facility:- � poor irrigation facility means farmers are depend on monsoon and not able to grow in dry season which restrict production.Poor storage and transportation which leads to wastage of the produced crop. �

Low productivity in Indian agriculture may be attributed to low volume of governmental investment �

compared to the industrial sector

Government efforts to address these concernsWith the basic thrust on higher growth in food grain production and other agricultural commodities, �

increase in productivity and efficient use of resources in agriculture has received special emphasize all through the process of the development, since independence.

Post liberalization government in his Ninth five year plan sets its target to achieve � a growth rate of about 4.5% per annum agricultural output and production of 234 MT of food grains by 2001-02 with having following goals to increase the productivity.Conservation of land, water, and biological resources �

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Rural infrastructure development �

Development of rainfed agriculture �

Development of minor irrigation �

Timely and adequate availability of inputs �

Increasing flow of credit �

Enhancing public sector investment �

Enhanced support for research �

Effective transfer of technology �

Support for marketing infrastructure �

Export promotion �

Way ForwardThe agriculture sector in India has great potential to grow and contribute satisfactorily to the GDP of the country. As compared to other large food grain producing countries, India is ahead in overall food grain production, but the major hurdle with India’s agriculture sector is the lower yield of food grain production. The Government should also make strong policies or make ill-proof the existing policies which can assist farmers while dealing with the situations of a cash crunch and other natural calamities like drought, flood and uneven monsoon.