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MINISTRY OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION
FORMS 1 - 4
2015 - 2022
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS
ZIMBABWE
Curriculum Development and Technical Services P.O. Box MP 133 Mount Pleasant
Harare
©All Rights Reserved 2015
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education wishes to acknowledge the following for their valued contribution in the production of this syllabus:
- The National Economics Syllabus Panel- Government departments- Representatives from various organisations- Representatives from Universities and Colleges- Publishers- Zimbabwe Secondary Examinations Council (ZIMSEC)- United Nations International Children’s Fund (UNICEF) - UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)
i
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTSACKNOWLEDGEMENTS........................................................................................i
TABLE OF CONTENTS...........................................................................................ii
1.0 PREAMBLE................................................................................................1
2.0 PRESENTATION OF SYLLABUS..............................................................1
3.0 AIMS...........................................................................................................1
4.0 SYLLABUS OBJECTIVES.........................................................................2
5.0 METHODOLOGY AND TIME ALLOCATION.............................................2
6.0 TOPICS.......................................................................................................2
7.0 SCOPE AND SEQUENCE..........................................................................3
8.0 COMPETENCY MATRIX............................................................................6
8.1 FORM 1......................................................................................................6
8.2 FORM 2......................................................................................................13
8.3 FORM 3......................................................................................................20
8.4 FORM 4......................................................................................................30
9.0 SCHEME OF ASSESSMENT.....................................................................40
ASSESSMENT........................................................................................................41
10.0 GLOSSARY/APPENDICES.......................................................................43
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
1
1.0 PREAMBLE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The Economics learning area is a 4 year secondary school course covering from Form 1 – 4 that provides learners with knowledge, skills and practical experiences to help learners to understand economic problems and issues affecting socio-economic lives. The economics course should make learners aware of the ever changing economic environment and how they can adapt to changes. The syllabus should develop learners’ initia-tive, interpretation, analysis and problem solving skills. The teaching approach should be learner-centred in analysing real life economic problems in Zimbabwe.
1.2 RATIONALE
The study of Economics enables learners to acquire an enterprising behaviour through the ability to develop creative and imaginative solutions to complex issues that affect individuals, society and the nation as a whole. It helps learners to investigate economic problems in order to make sound judgement and assessment of economic issues through developing appropriate strategies that protect the economic and natural environment. The learning area enables learners to acquire consumer andfinancialliteracyskillswithcoherentrelevancetoInformation and Communications Technologies (ICT).
1.3 SUMMARY OF CONTENT
The learning area is designed to introduce learners to participate more fully in decision making process at local, national and international level through micro and macro-economic concepts. It also provides fundamental, intellectual and enterprising skills.
1.4 METHODOLOGY AND TIME ALLOCATION
It is assumed that learners;
• areconstantlyparticipatingandinteractingwithvariables in the economy.
• areawareofprevailingeconomicenvironment• haveanimmensedesiretoamasswealth• desiretocontributemeaningfullytothecommunity
and nation at large.
1.6 CROSS - CUTTING THEMES
Economics is a learning area that will encompass and address the following cross cutting issues:-
1. Gender equality2. Children’s rights and responsibilities3. Team work4. Health issues5. Safety6. Disaster risk management7. Food security 8. Technology 9. Sexuality, HIV and AIDS 10. Heritage studies11. Environmental issues12. Enterprise
2.0 PRESENTATION OF SYLLABUS
The Economics syllabus is a four year course covering from Form 1 – 4. It includes the competency matrix and highlights a list of resources to be used
3.0 AIMS
The syllabus aims to enable learners to:
3.1 develop a comprehensive awareness of economical terminology, principles and basic economic theories
3.2 comprehend and analyse a spectrum of eco-nomic issues pertinent to Zimbabwe and other developing countries and how they relate to the developed world.
3.3 acquire entrepreneurial skills in order to exploit the indigenous scarce resources for the dis-tinctivebenefitofthesociety.
3.4 acquire skills necessary for understanding how the economy operates
3.5 develop basic economic numeracy and literacy and the ability to handle simple data including graphs and diagrams
3.6 develop tools of analysis to understand and contribute to the economic transformation of Zimbabwe.
3.7 contribute in decision-making processes, as consumers and producers in the local, national
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
2
and international community.3.8 appreciate the values of Unhu/Ubuntu/Vumun-
hu in the allocation and use of scarce resourc-es through transparency and accountability
4.0 SYLLABUS OBJECTIVES
Learners should be able to:
4.1 identify the link between economic variables and prevailing economic circumstances
4.2 distinguish facts from value judgements in eco-nomic issues.
4.3 demonstrate knowledge with understanding in relation to economic phenomena, facts, definition,vocabulary,terminologyconvention,concepts, principles and theories.
4.4 use tools of analysis to understand and contribute to the economic transformation of Zimbabwe
4.5 select,organize,analyseandinterpretbusi-nessandfinancialdatawiththeaidoftechnol-ogy.
4.6 apply economic knowledge in verbal, diagram-matic, pictorial and graphical form to help them transfer this knowledge to new situations and to achieve critical thought.
4.7 evaluate the social and environmental implica-tions of a particular course of economic action
4.8 use their basic understanding of economic concepts for further study in economics
4.9 recognise that economic theory is subject to various limitations and uncertainties
4.10 exhibit the values of Unhu/Ubuntu/Vumunhu in the allocation and use of scarce resources
5.0 METHODOLOGY AND TIME ALLOCATION
5.1 Methodology
For the four year Economics course to be achieved a learner centred approach is going to be applied using the following learning and teaching methods:
• classdiscussionsanddebates• fieldtrips• projectwork/research• simulation/roleplaying• games• problemsolving
• educationaltours/useofimmediateenviron-ment
It is advisable that the learner be exposed to more than one method in a lesson.
5.2 Time allocation
For the successful implementation of this syllabus, the following time allocation is recommended:Form 1 - 4 should be allocated at least 4 periods of 40 minutes each per week.
6.0 TOPICS6.1 Introduction to Economics6.2 Economic systems6.3 Production 6.4 Labour 6.5 Demand theory6.6 Supply theory6.7 Market equilibrium6.8 Cost structures and revenue6.9 Market structures6.10 Business organisation6.11 National income accounting6.12 Money and banking6.13Inflation6.14 Population6.15 Unemployment and job creation6.16 Domestic and Foreign trade6.17 Economic growth and development 6.18 Market failure and government intervention
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
3
7.0
SCO
PE A
ND
SEQ
UEN
CE
10
7.0
SCO
PE A
ND S
EQUE
NCE
TOPI
C FO
RM 1
FO
RM 2
FO
RM 3
FO
RM 4
Intro
duct
ion
to E
cono
mic
s
Econ
omic
s
Basi
c ec
onom
ic p
robl
em
Ba
sic
econ
omic
qu
estio
ns
Pr
oduc
tion
Poss
ibilit
y
Cur
ve (P
PC)
Opportunitycost
Ef
ficie
nt re
sour
ce
allo
catio
n
Nor
mat
ive
and
posi
tive
stat
emen
ts
Sh
apes
and
des
crip
tion
of
PPC
cur
ve
Sh
ifts
of th
e Pr
oduc
tion
Poss
ibilit
y C
urve
(PPC
)
Effic
ient
reso
urce
al
loca
tion
Econ
omic
sys
tem
s
Type
s of
eco
nom
ic
syst
ems
Ec
onom
ic s
yste
ms
and
the
thre
e ba
sic
econ
omic
qu
estio
ns
Ad
vant
ages
and
di
sadv
anta
ges
of e
ach
econ
omic
sys
tem
C
ompa
rison
s of
eco
nom
ic
syst
ems
Zi
mba
bwe’
s c
urre
nt
econ
omic
sys
tem
Prod
uctio
n
Pr
oduc
tion
Fa
ctor
s of
pro
duct
ion
R
ewar
ds
R
ewar
ds
St
ages
of p
rodu
ctio
n
Div
isio
n of
labo
ur a
nd
spec
ialis
atio
n
St
ages
of p
rodu
ctio
n
Valu
e ad
ditio
n
Dire
ct a
nd in
dire
ct
prod
uctio
n
Prod
uctiv
ity
Pr
oduc
tivity
Loca
tion
of in
dust
ry
Labo
ur
La
bour
and
its
rew
ard
In
tere
sts
of e
mpl
oyee
s
Type
s of
wor
kers
Em
ploy
ers
and
empl
oyee
as
soci
atio
ns
D
eman
d an
d su
pply
of
labo
ur
R
ole
of tr
ade
unio
ns a
nd
Gov
ernm
ent i
n w
age
dete
rmin
atio
n
D
eman
d an
d su
pply
of
labo
ur
W
age
dete
rmin
atio
n
Wag
e di
ffere
ntia
ls
Dem
and
theo
ry
D
eman
d
La
w o
f dem
and
D
eman
d cu
rve
Ef
fect
ive
dem
and
and
late
nt d
eman
d
D
eter
min
ants
of
dem
and
Cha
nges
in d
eman
d an
d
Cha
nges
in q
uant
ity
dem
ande
d
El
astic
ity o
f dem
and
Ap
plic
atio
n of
ela
stic
ity to
da
ily b
usin
ess
life.
Supp
ly th
eory
Supp
ly
La
w o
f sup
ply
Su
pply
cur
ve
D
eter
min
ants
of s
uppl
y
D
eter
min
ants
of s
uppl
y
Elas
ticity
of s
uppl
y
Appl
icat
ion
of e
last
icity
of
supp
ly in
real
life
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
4
7.0
SCO
PE A
ND
SEQ
UEN
CEC
ON
TD..
11
TOPI
C FO
RM 1
FO
RM 2
FO
RM 3
FO
RM 4
C
hang
es in
sup
ply
and
chan
ges
in q
uant
ity
supp
lied
C
limat
e ch
ange
Mar
ket e
quilib
rium
In
tera
ctio
n of
dem
and
and
supp
ly
C
hang
e in
equ
ilibriu
m
poin
t
Gov
ernm
ent i
nter
vent
ion
on p
rices
Cos
t stru
ctur
es a
nd
reve
nue
Fi
xed
cost
, var
iabl
e co
st,
tota
l cos
t and
tota
l re
venu
e
Se
mi v
aria
bles
cos
t.
Cos
t cur
ves
R
elat
ions
hip
betw
een
prod
uctio
n an
d co
sts
- sh
ort r
un
- lo
ng ru
n
Aver
age
cost
cur
ves
M
argi
nal c
ost
Pr
ofit
max
imis
atio
n pr
ofit:
-
Nor
mal
-
Abno
rmal
Mar
ket s
truct
ures
Mar
ket s
truct
ures
Adva
ntag
es a
nd
disa
dvan
tage
s of
mar
ket
stru
ctur
es
Sh
ort r
un e
quilib
rium
and
Lo
ng ru
n eq
uilib
rium
Pric
e an
d ou
tput
de
term
inat
ion
Ev
alua
tion
of m
arke
t st
ruct
ures
Businessorganization
So
le tr
ader
Partn
ersh
ips
C
oope
rativ
es
Li
mite
d co
mpa
nies
do
cum
ents
use
d
Li
mite
d co
mpa
nies
Mul
ti-na
tiona
l co
rpor
atio
n
M
etho
ds o
f rai
sing
cap
ital
G
row
th o
f firm
s ec
onom
ic
effe
cts
of in
tegr
atio
n
Ec
onom
ies
and
dise
cono
mie
s of
sca
le
Sm
all a
nd m
ediu
m
ente
rpris
es
Bu
sine
ss p
lan
Nat
iona
l inc
ome
ac
coun
ting
G
ross
Dom
estic
Pro
duct
(G
DP)
Gro
ss N
atio
nal P
rodu
ct
(GN
P)
M
easu
ring
natio
nal
inco
me
C
ompo
nent
s of
nat
iona
l in
com
e
Im
porta
nce
of
natio
nal
inco
me
stat
istic
s
Lim
itatio
n of
nat
iona
l in
com
e da
ta
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
5
7.0
SCO
PE A
ND
SEQ
UEN
CEC
ON
TD..
12
TOPI
C FO
RM 1
FO
RM 2
FO
RM 3
FO
RM 4
Mon
ey a
nd b
anki
ng
Ba
rter t
rade
Type
s of
mon
ey
C
hara
cter
istic
s of
mon
ey
Fu
nctio
ns o
f mon
ey
R
ole
of fi
nanc
ial
inst
itutio
ns
R
ole
of th
e C
entra
l Ba
nk
Ec
onom
ic in
stru
men
ts
-fisc
al p
olic
y -m
onet
ary
polic
y
Infla
tion
In
flatio
n
C
ause
s/ty
pes
of in
flatio
n
Effe
cts
of in
flatio
n
Mea
sure
men
t of i
nfla
tion
Po
licie
s to
cur
b in
flatio
n
Popu
latio
n
Popu
latio
n an
d ce
nsus
Po
pula
tion
dist
ribut
ion
Po
pula
tion
grow
th
Ef
fect
s ofpopulationsize
Fa
ctor
s af
fect
ing
popu
latio
n
Effe
cts
on e
cono
mic
de
velo
pmen
t
Popu
latio
n an
d
reso
urce
s
Su
stai
nabl
e re
sour
ce
man
agem
ent
Sizeandcom
positionof
labo
ur fo
rce
D
epen
denc
y ra
tio
Une
mpl
oym
ent a
nd jo
b
crea
tion
U
nem
ploy
men
t
Labo
ur fo
rce
T
ypes
/cau
ses
of
unem
ploy
men
t
Effe
cts
of u
nem
ploy
men
t
Solu
tions
to
unem
ploy
men
t
Le
vels
of u
nem
ploy
men
t in
Zim
babw
e
Ente
rpris
ing
and
indi
geni
satio
n as
a
solu
tion
Dom
estic
and
For
eign
Tr
ade
D
omes
tic tr
ade
C
ompa
rison
bet
wee
n ho
me
trade
and
fore
ign
trade
Adva
ntag
es a
nd
disa
dvan
tage
s of
in
tern
atio
nal t
rade
R
easo
ns fo
r in
tern
atio
nal t
rade
Bala
nce
of tr
ade
Ba
lanc
e of
pay
men
ts
Te
rms
of tr
ade
Fo
reig
n ex
chan
ge
Fr
ee tr
ade
and
prot
ectio
nism
Econ
omic
inte
grat
ion
(SAD
C,C
OMES
A,
Afric
an U
nion
).
Econ
omic
gro
wth
and
de
velo
pmen
t in
Zim
babw
e
E
cono
mic
gro
wth
Econ
omic
dev
elop
men
t
Sign
s of
eco
nom
ic
deve
lopm
ent
C
ause
s of
eco
nom
ic
grow
th a
nd d
evel
opm
ent
In
dica
tors
of e
cono
mic
gr
owth
and
dev
elop
men
t
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
6
8.0
CO
MPE
TEN
CY
MAT
RIX
8.1
FOR
M 1
INTR
OD
UC
TIO
N T
O E
CO
NO
MIC
S
14
8.0
COM
PETE
NCY
MAT
RIX
8.1
FOR
M 1
INTR
OD
UC
TIO
N T
O E
CO
NO
MIC
S KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, atti
tude
s an
d kn
owle
dge)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RNIN
G
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Intro
duct
ion
to e
cono
mic
s Ba
sic
econ
omic
pro
blem
ex
plai
n th
e fo
llow
ing:
-
reso
urce
s -
need
s -
wan
ts
- sc
arci
ty
expl
ain
the
basi
c ec
onom
ic p
robl
em
Ty
pes
of n
eeds
and
w
ants
e.g
. (fo
od, s
helte
r, w
ater
, clo
thin
g)
D
iffer
ence
bet
wee
n ne
eds
and
wan
ts
Basi
c ec
onom
ic p
robl
em
- sc
arci
ty
- lim
ited
reso
urce
s -
unlim
ited
wan
ts
- ch
oice
Ex
plai
ning
nee
ds a
nd
wan
ts
Id
entif
ying
need
s an
d w
ants
Diff
eren
tiatin
g ne
eds
and
wan
ts
Ex
plai
ning
sca
rcity
Stat
ing
the
basi
c ec
onom
ic p
robl
ems
D
escr
ibin
g th
e ba
sic
econ
omic
pro
blem
s
Des
igni
ng m
odel
s th
at
dem
onst
rate
sca
rcity
an
d ch
oice
suc
h as
st
udy
timet
able
and
ba
lanc
ing
scal
e of
re
sour
ces
and
need
s
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Rea
lia s
uch
as fo
od,
shel
ter
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
7
ECO
NO
MIC
SYS
TEM
S
PRO
DU
CTI
ON
15
ECO
NO
MIC
SYS
TEM
S KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, atti
tude
s an
d kn
owle
dge)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RNIN
G
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Mar
ket
Plan
ned
Mix
ed
ex
plai
n th
e ec
onom
ic
syst
ems
st
ate
the
feat
ures
of e
ach
econ
omic
sys
tem
Ty
pes
of e
cono
mic
sy
stem
s
Mar
ket
Pl
anne
d
Mix
ed
D
escr
ibin
g ch
arac
teris
tics
of e
ach
econ
omic
sys
tem
List
ing
feat
ures
of e
ach
econ
omic
sys
tem
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s to
illus
trate
ec
onom
ic s
yste
ms
16
PRO
DU
CTI
ON
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, atti
tude
s an
d kn
owle
dge)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Fact
ors
of p
rodu
ctio
n Re
war
ds to
fact
ors
of
prod
uctio
n
ex
plai
n pr
oduc
tion
list t
he fo
ur fa
ctor
s of
pr
oduc
tion
ex
plai
n th
e fo
ur fa
ctor
s of
pr
oduc
tion
m
atch
eac
h fa
ctor
of
prod
uctio
n to
its
rew
ard
Pr
oduc
tion
Fa
ctor
s of
pro
duct
ion
: (la
nd, l
abou
r, ca
pita
l and
en
terp
rise)
Rew
ards
: (re
nt,w
ages
/sal
arie
s,
inte
rest
s an
d pr
ofit/
loss
)
Ex
plai
ning
pro
duct
ion
O
utlin
ing
the
fact
ors
of
prod
uctio
n
Des
crib
ing
the
four
fact
ors
of p
rodu
ctio
n
Dem
onst
ratin
g ho
w th
e fa
ctor
s an
d th
eir r
ewar
ds
mat
ch
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Mul
timed
ia
IC
T to
ols
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
8
LAB
OU
R
DEM
AN
D T
HEO
RY
17
LAB
OU
R
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls, a
ttitu
des
and
know
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RNIN
G
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Labo
ur a
nd it
s re
war
ds
expl
ain
the
mea
ning
of
labo
ur
st
ate
the
rew
ard
of la
bour
La
bour
wag
e
Expl
aini
ng la
bour
Rol
e pl
ayin
g on
rew
ardi
ng
labo
ur
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Prin
t med
ia
th
e co
mm
unity
Inte
rest
s of
em
ploy
ees
lis
t em
ploy
ees’
inte
rest
s in
em
ploy
men
t
Empl
oyee
s’ in
tere
sts
- w
ages
-
secu
rity
- he
alth
and
saf
ety
- fri
nge
bene
fits
R
esea
rchi
ng o
n em
ploy
ees’
inte
rest
s in
the
loca
l com
mun
ity
Li
stin
g th
e in
tere
sts
R
epor
ting
on re
sear
ch
Type
s of
wor
kers
iden
tify
the
type
s of
w
orke
rs
de
scrib
e th
e di
ffere
nt
type
s of
wor
kers
U
nski
lled
Sk
illed
Se
mi-s
kille
d
R
esea
rchi
ng o
n ty
pes
of
wor
kers
in th
e lo
cal
com
mun
ity
R
ole
play
ing
on ty
pes
of
wor
kers
18
D
EMAN
D T
HEO
RY
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT(
Skill
s,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D L
EARN
ING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Dem
and
theo
ry
ex
plai
n ef
fect
ive
dem
and
ou
tline
the
law
of d
eman
d
illu
stra
te th
e re
latio
nshi
p be
twee
n pr
ice
and
quan
tity
dem
ande
d
D
eman
d
Law
of d
eman
d
Dem
and
sche
dule
D
escr
ibin
g ef
fect
ive
dem
and
D
epic
ting
the
law
of
dem
and
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Mul
ti-m
edia
Cha
rts s
how
ing
dem
and
curv
e
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
9
SUPP
LY T
HEO
RY
CO
ST S
TRU
CTU
RES
AN
D R
EVEN
UE
19
SUPP
LY T
HEO
RY
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls, a
ttitu
des
and
know
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RNIN
G
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Theo
ry o
f sup
ply
ex
plai
n su
pply
desc
ribe
the
law
of s
uppl
y
illust
rate
the
rela
tions
hip
betw
een
pric
e an
d qu
antit
y su
pplie
d
Su
pply
Law
of s
uppl
y
Su
pply
sch
edul
e
Ex
plai
ning
the
mea
ning
of
supp
ly
O
utlin
ing
the
law
of s
uppl
y
Dem
onst
ratin
g th
e re
latio
nshi
p be
twee
n pr
ice
and
quan
tity
supp
lied.
R
ecom
men
ded
text
s
IC
T to
ols
20
CO
ST S
TRU
CTU
RES
AN
D R
EVEN
UE
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls, a
ttitu
des
and
know
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RNIN
G
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Cos
ts
Rev
enue
ex
plai
n th
e ty
pes
of c
osts
an
d re
venu
e
cal
cula
te c
osts
and
re
venu
e
Fi
xed
cost
s
Varia
ble
cost
s
Tota
l cos
ts
To
tal r
even
ue
Av
erag
e re
venu
e
D
escr
ibin
g va
rious
cos
ts
and
reve
nue
Id
entif
ying
exam
ples
of
cost
s
C
alcu
latin
g co
sts
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Cha
rts s
how
ing
cost
cu
rves
Prin
t med
ia
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
10
NAT
ION
AL
INC
OM
E A
CC
OU
NTI
NG
BU
SIN
ESS
OR
GA
NIS
ATIO
N
21
BU
SIN
ESS
OR
GAN
ISAT
ION
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, atti
tude
s an
d kn
owle
dge)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RNIN
G
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Sole
trad
er
Partn
ersh
ip
de
scrib
e so
le tr
ader
outlin
e ad
vant
ages
of a
so
le tr
ader
desc
ribe
a pa
rtner
ship
stat
e th
e fe
atur
es o
f a
partn
ersh
ip
ou
tline
the
adva
ntag
es a
nd
disa
dvan
tage
s of
a
partn
ersh
ip
So
le tr
ader
-
feat
ures
-
adva
ntag
es
- di
sadv
anta
ges
Pa
rtner
ship
s -
feat
ures
-
adva
ntag
es
- di
sadv
anta
ges
Ex
plai
ning
the
mea
ning
of
sole
trad
er a
nd
partn
ersh
ip
Li
stin
g th
e fe
atur
es o
f a
sole
trad
er a
nd
partn
ersh
ip
D
iscu
ssin
g th
e ad
vant
ages
and
di
sadv
anta
ges
of a
sol
e tra
der a
nd p
artn
ersh
ip
R
ole
play
ing
R
esea
rchi
ng o
n bu
sine
ss
orga
nisa
tions
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Busi
ness
org
anis
atio
ns in
th
e lo
cal c
omm
unity
22
NAT
ION
AL IN
CO
ME
ACC
OU
NTI
NG
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, atti
tude
s an
d kn
owle
dge)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RNIN
G
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Gro
ss d
omes
tic p
rodu
ct
ex
plai
n th
e m
eani
ng o
f th
e te
rm G
ross
Dom
estic
Pr
oduc
t (G
DP)
G
ross
Dom
estic
Pr
oduc
t(GD
P)
D
escr
ibin
g G
.D.P
.
Stat
ing
the
com
pone
nts
of
G.D
.P.
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Vide
o cl
ips
IC
T to
ols
Gro
ss n
atio
nal p
rodu
ct
ex
plai
n th
e m
eani
ng o
f th
e te
rm G
ross
Nat
iona
l Pr
oduc
t(GN
P)
G
ross
Nat
iona
l Pro
duct
(G
NP)
Des
crib
ing
GN
P
St
atin
g th
e co
mpo
nent
s of
G
NP
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
11
MO
NEY
AN
D B
AN
KIN
G
POPU
LATI
ON
23
MO
NEY
AN
D B
ANK
ING
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, atti
tude
s an
d kn
owle
dge)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RNIN
G
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Barte
r tra
de
Mon
ey
ex
plai
n ba
rter t
rade
desc
ribe
adva
ntag
es a
nd
disa
dvan
tage
s of
bar
ter
trade
outlin
e th
e ty
pes
of m
oney
Ba
rter t
rade
Type
s of
mon
ey
M1,
M2
and
M3
Ex
plai
ning
bar
ter t
rade
Des
crib
ing
adva
ntag
es
and
disa
dvan
tage
s of
ba
rter
D
escr
ibin
g M
1, M
2 an
d M
3
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Mul
ti-m
edia
Not
es a
nd c
oins
24
POPU
LATI
ON
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, atti
tude
s an
d kn
owle
dge)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RNIN
G
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Popu
latio
n
Popu
latio
n ce
nsus
ex
plai
n th
e m
eani
ng o
f th
e te
rms:
-
popu
latio
n
- po
pula
tion
cens
us
di
scus
s on
the
impo
rtanc
e of
con
duct
ing
a po
pula
tion
cens
us
Im
porta
nce
of c
ondu
ctin
g a
popu
latio
n ce
nsus
Populationsize
D
iscu
ssin
g th
e im
porta
nce
of
pop
ulat
ion
cens
us
D
esig
ning
cen
sus
data
co
llect
ion
tool
s
Con
duct
ing
a sc
hool
ce
nsus
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ZIM
STAT
cen
sus
repo
rts
IC
T to
ols
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
12
UN
EMPL
OYM
ENT
AN
D J
OB
CR
EATI
ON
25
UN
EMPL
OYM
ENT
AND
JO
B C
REA
TIO
N
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls, a
ttitu
des
and
know
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RNIN
G
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Unem
ploy
men
t
ex
plai
n th
e te
rms:
-
unem
ploy
men
t -
labo
ur fo
rce
di
ffere
ntia
te th
e em
ploy
ed
from
the
unem
ploy
ed
U
nem
ploy
men
t
Labo
ur fo
rce
D
escr
ibin
g un
empl
oym
ent
and
labo
ur fo
rce
D
istin
guis
hing
the
empl
oyed
from
the
unem
ploy
ed
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Mul
ti-m
edia
ICT
tool
s
Loca
l com
mun
ity
DO
MES
TIC
AN
D F
OR
EIG
N T
RA
DE
26
DO
MES
TIC
AN
D F
OR
EIG
N T
RAD
E KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, atti
tude
s an
d kn
owle
dge)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RNIN
G
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Dom
estic
tra
de
de
scrib
e ch
arac
teris
tic o
f do
mes
tic tr
ade
ou
tline
char
acte
ristic
s of
re
taile
rs a
nd w
hole
sale
rs
id
entif
y re
taile
rs a
nd
who
lesa
lers
in th
e lo
cal
com
mun
ity
di
stin
guis
h fo
rmal
and
in
form
al tr
ade
ex
plai
n th
e im
porta
nce
of d
omes
tic tr
ade
st
ate
the
role
of i
nfor
mal
tra
ders
C
hara
cter
istic
s of
do
mes
tic tr
ade
C
hara
cter
istic
s of
reta
ilers
an
d w
hole
sale
rs
Fo
rmal
and
info
rmal
trad
e
Impo
rtanc
e of
dom
estic
tra
de
Th
e ro
le o
f inf
orm
al
trade
rs in
the
econ
omy
Li
stin
g ch
arac
teris
tics
of
dom
estic
trad
e
Des
crib
ing
char
acte
ristic
s of
who
lesa
lers
and
re
taile
rs
Su
rvey
ing
on re
taile
rs,
who
lesa
lers
, inf
orm
al
trade
rs in
the
loca
l co
mm
unity
Dis
cuss
ing
the
impo
rtanc
e of
dom
estic
tra
de.
Li
stin
g th
e ro
les
of
info
rmal
trad
ers
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Prin
t med
ia
Lo
cal c
omm
unity
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
13
ECO
NO
MIC
GR
OW
TH A
ND
DEV
ELO
PMEN
T
27
ECO
NO
MIC
GR
OW
TH A
ND
DEV
ELO
PMEN
T
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT(
Skill
s,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D L
EARN
ING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Econ
omic
gro
wth
expl
ain
the
mea
ning
of
econ
omic
gro
wth
iden
tify
sign
s of
eco
nom
ic
grow
th
Ec
onom
ic g
row
th
Si
gns
of g
row
th
R
isin
g ou
tput
To
urin
g lo
cal f
irms
and
farm
s
Res
earc
hing
on
sign
s of
ec
onom
ic g
row
th
C
ompa
ring
natio
nal
outp
uts
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
ZIM
STAT
nat
iona
l inco
me
stat
istic
s
Gra
phs
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
14
INTR
OD
UC
TIO
N T
O E
CO
NO
MIC
S
ECO
NO
MIC
SYS
TEM
S
8.2
FOR
M 2
28
8.2
FORM
2
INTR
OD
UC
TIO
N T
O E
CO
NO
MIC
S KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Basi
c ec
onom
ic q
uest
ions
iden
tify
the
basi
c ec
onom
ic q
uest
ions
expl
ain
the
basi
c ec
onom
ic q
uest
ions
Ec
onom
ic q
uest
ions
-w
hat t
o pr
oduc
e
-h
ow to
pro
duce
-fo
r who
m to
pro
duce
Li
stin
g th
e ba
sic
econ
omic
qu
estio
ns
D
iscu
ssin
g th
e ba
sic
econ
omic
que
stio
ns
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Mul
ti-m
edia
ICT
tool
s
29
ECO
NO
MIC
SYS
TEM
S KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Com
man
d ec
onom
y M
arke
t eco
nom
y M
ixed
eco
nom
y
id
entif
y th
e th
ree
basi
c ec
onom
ic s
yste
ms
ex
plai
n th
e th
ree
basi
c ec
onom
ic s
yste
ms
de
scrib
e th
e re
latio
nshi
p be
twee
n th
e ec
onom
ic
syst
ems
and
each
bas
ic
econ
omic
que
stio
n
Ec
onom
ic s
yste
ms
and
the
thre
e ba
sic
econ
omic
qu
estio
ns
-wha
t to
prod
uce
-how
to p
rodu
ce
-for w
hom
to p
rodu
ce
Outlinin
g th
e th
ree
basi
c ec
onom
ic s
yste
ms
Ex
plai
ning
how
the
thre
e ba
sic
econ
omic
que
stio
ns
are
answ
ered
usi
ng th
e ec
onom
ic s
yste
ms
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Mul
ti-m
edia
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
15
PRO
DU
CTI
ON
LAB
OU
R
30
PRO
DU
CTI
ON
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Fact
ors
of p
rodu
ctio
n St
ages
of p
rodu
ctio
n
ex
plai
n th
e re
war
ds to
fa
ctor
s of
pro
duct
ion
ou
tline
the
thre
e st
ages
of
prod
uctio
n
give
exa
mpl
es o
f act
ivitie
s fa
lling
in e
ach
stag
e of
pr
oduc
tion
st
ate
adva
ntag
es a
nd
disa
dvan
tage
s of
sp
ecia
lisat
ion
and
divi
sion
of
labo
ur
R
ewar
ds
to
fact
ors
of
prod
uctio
n
St
ages
of p
rodu
ctio
n -
prim
ary
- se
cond
ary
- te
rtiar
y
Div
isio
n of
labo
ur a
nd
spec
ialis
atio
n
D
escr
ibin
g th
e re
war
ds to
fa
ctor
s of
pro
duct
ion
D
emon
stra
ting
the
thre
e st
ages
of p
rodu
ctio
n
List
ing
exam
ples
of
activ
ities
in e
ach
stag
e
Observingdivisionof
labo
ur a
t hom
e, s
choo
l and
in
dust
ries
D
iscu
ssin
g th
e ad
vant
ages
and
di
sadv
anta
ges
of
spec
ialis
atio
n an
d di
visi
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book
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Indu
strie
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T to
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31
LAB
OU
R
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Empl
oyer
s’ a
ssoc
iatio
ns
Empl
oyee
s as
soci
atio
ns
id
entif
y em
ploy
ers’
as
soci
atio
ns
id
entif
y em
ploy
ees
asso
ciat
ions
expl
ain
the
role
s of
em
ploy
ers
and
empl
oyee
s as
soci
atio
ns
Em
ploy
ers’
ass
ocia
tions
Empl
oyee
s as
soci
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ns
- tra
de u
nion
s -
wor
kers
com
mitt
ees
R
esea
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ng o
n as
soci
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ns
D
ram
atis
ing
role
s of
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parti
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ploy
men
t
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cuss
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the
role
s of
as
soci
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R
ecom
men
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text
book
s
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tool
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Res
ourc
e pe
rson
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Prin
t med
ia
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
16
DEM
AN
D T
HEO
RY
SUPP
LY T
HEO
RY
32
DEM
AND
TH
EOR
Y KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Dem
and
tabu
late
a d
eman
d sc
hedu
le
pl
ot a
dem
and
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ingu
ish
betw
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effe
ctiv
e an
d la
tent
de
man
d
D
eman
d cu
rve
Ef
fect
ive
dem
and
La
tent
dem
and
Sh
owin
g a
dem
and
sche
dule
Dra
win
g th
e de
man
d cu
rve
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ontra
stin
g ef
fect
ive
and
late
nt d
eman
d
Des
igni
ng d
ata
colle
ctio
n to
ols
Observingandrecording
dem
and
patte
rns
of g
oods
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Cha
rts o
n d
eman
d cu
rve
IC
T to
ols
Lo
cal b
usin
esse
s
33
SUPP
LY T
HEO
RY
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls, a
ttitu
des
and
know
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Supp
ly
dr
aw s
uppl
y cu
rve
de
scrib
e th
e re
latio
nshi
p be
twee
n pr
ice
and
supp
ly us
ing
the
supp
ly
curv
e
outlin
e th
e de
term
inan
ts
of s
uppl
y
Su
pply
cur
ve
Ex
tens
ion
in s
uppl
y
Con
tract
ion
in
supp
ly
Det
erm
inan
ts o
f su
pply
Illu
stra
ting
the
supp
ly cu
rve
D
iscu
ssin
g ho
w p
rice
chan
ges
affe
ct s
uppl
y
List
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dete
rmin
ants
of s
uppl
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R
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text
book
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ICT
tool
s
Cha
rts ill
ustra
ting
supp
ly sc
hedu
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nd c
urve
s
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
17
MA
RK
ET E
QU
ILIB
RIU
M
CO
ST S
TRU
CTU
RES
AN
D R
EVEN
UE
35
CO
ST S
TRU
CTU
RES
AN
D R
EVEN
UE
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Cost
s
expl
ain
the
mea
ning
of
sem
i-var
iabl
e co
sts
illu
stra
te th
e ty
pes
of c
osts
us
ing
diag
ram
s
Se
mi-v
aria
ble
cost
s
Cos
t cur
ves
- fix
ed c
osts
-
varia
ble
cost
s -
tota
l cos
ts
Ex
plai
ning
var
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type
s of
cos
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D
raw
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cost
cur
ves
R
ecom
men
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Text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Cha
rts ill
ustra
ting
cost
st
ruct
ures
34
MAR
KET
EQ
UIL
IBR
IUM
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Mar
ket e
quili
briu
m
illu
stra
te th
e in
tera
ctio
n of
de
man
d an
d s
uppl
y cu
rves
expl
ain
equi
libriu
m p
rice
and
quan
tity
id
entif
y eq
uilib
rium
poi
nt
In
tera
ctio
n of
dem
and
and
supp
ly
equi
libriu
m
- po
int
- pr
ice
-
quan
tity
Illu
stra
ting
the
inte
ract
ion
of th
e de
man
d an
d su
pply
Des
crib
ing
equi
libriu
m
pric
e an
d qu
antit
y
Res
earc
hing
on
mar
ket
pric
ing
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Loca
l com
mun
ity
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
18
BU
SIN
ESS
OR
GA
NIS
ATIO
NS
NAT
ION
AL
INC
OM
E A
CC
OU
NTI
NG
36
BU
SIN
ESS
OR
GAN
ISAT
ION
S KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, atti
tude
s an
d kn
owle
dge)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Coop
erat
ives
Li
mite
d co
mpa
nies
Do
cum
ents
de
scrib
e a
coop
erat
ive
st
ate
the
feat
ures
of a
co
oper
ativ
e
outlin
e ad
vant
ages
and
di
sadv
anta
ges
of
coop
erat
ives
expl
ain
the
mea
ning
of
limite
d co
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nies
ou
tline
docu
men
ts u
sed
in
setti
ng u
p lim
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com
pani
es
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t con
tent
s fo
und
in th
ese
docu
men
ts
C
oope
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atur
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vant
ages
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disa
dvan
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s
Doc
umen
ts re
quire
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r se
tting
up
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mem
oran
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of
asso
ciat
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ticle
s of
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ocia
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rtific
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D
iscu
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stin
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D
iscu
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Id
entif
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men
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stab
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d co
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Show
ing
cont
ents
of e
ach
docu
men
t
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
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Loca
l coo
pera
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Res
ourc
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Reg
istra
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ompa
nies
Prin
t flo
w
KEY
CO
NC
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JEC
TIVE
SLe
arne
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houl
d be
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e to
:U
NIT
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NTE
NT
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lls,
attit
udes
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kno
wle
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SUG
GES
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LEA
RN
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CTI
VITI
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NO
TES
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mendedtext
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oks
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ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
19
MO
NEY
AN
D B
AN
KIN
G
INFL
ATIO
N
38
MO
NEY
AN
D B
ANK
ING
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T(Sk
ills,
at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
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ey
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tline
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char
acte
ristic
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oney
expl
ain
the
func
tions
of
mon
ey
C
hara
cter
istic
s of
mon
ey
Fu
nctio
ns o
f mon
ey
D
escr
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g th
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arac
teris
tics
of m
oney
List
ing
the
func
tions
of
mon
ey
R
ecom
men
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text
book
s
Sam
ples
of m
oney
Med
ia
IC
T to
ols
KEY
CO
NC
EPTS
OB
JEC
TIVE
SLe
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
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NIT
CO
NTE
NT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RN
ING
A
CTI
VITI
ES A
ND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
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RES
OU
RC
ES
Infla
tion
Dem
and
pull
infla
tion
Cos
t pus
h in
flatio
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-tio
n•
describecost-pushinflation
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pullandcost-pushinflation
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and-pullinflation
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•Carryingoutasimple
surv
ey o
n ge
nera
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el o
f pr
ices
in th
eir c
omm
unity
•Describingdemand-pulland
cost-pushinflation
•Sh
owingdifferences
betw
een
dem
and-
pull
and
costs-pushinflation
•Recom
mendedtextbooks
•ICTtools
•Localcom
munity
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
20
POPU
LATI
ON
UN
EMPL
OYM
ENT
AN
D J
OB
CR
EATI
ON
40
POPU
LATI
ON
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Popu
latio
n di
strib
utio
n
desc
ribe
how
pop
ulat
ion
is d
istri
bute
d
expl
ain
the
mea
ning
of
popu
latio
n d
istri
butio
n
G
eogr
aphi
cal
O
ccup
atio
nal
D
emog
raph
ic
Li
stin
g ba
sis
of p
opul
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dist
ribut
ion
Ex
plai
ning
pop
ulat
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dist
ribut
ion
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ZIM
STAT
repo
rts
El
ectro
nic
med
ia
R
esou
rce
pers
on
IC
T to
ols
Popu
latio
n gr
owth
expl
ain
popu
latio
n gr
owth
iden
tify
fact
ors
affe
ctin
g po
pula
tion
grow
th
C
hang
es in
pop
ulat
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size
Fact
ors
affe
ctin
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pula
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grow
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D
iscu
ssin
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pula
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figur
es
Id
entif
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fact
ors
affe
ctin
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pula
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Effe
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opul
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identifypopulationsize
disc
uss
the
effe
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of
populationsize
H
igh
popu
latio
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Low
pop
ulat
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Sust
aina
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popu
latio
n
Effe
cts ofpopulationsize
Recognisingthesizeof
the
popu
latio
n
Des
crib
ing
the
effe
cts
of
populationsize
41
UN
EMPL
OYM
ENT
AND
JO
B C
REA
TIO
N
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Unem
ploy
men
t
iden
tify
the
type
s of
un
empl
oym
ent
ex
plai
n th
e ty
pes
of
unem
ploy
men
t
Ty
pes/
caus
es o
f un
empl
oym
ent:
- st
ruct
ural
-
frict
iona
l -
seas
onal
-
regi
onal
-
cycl
ical
D
escr
ibin
g ty
pes
of
unem
ploy
men
t
Surv
eyin
g on
the
type
s of
un
empl
oym
ent i
n th
e lo
cal
com
mun
ity
R
ecom
men
ded
Text
book
s
Loca
l com
mun
ity
IC
T to
ols
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
21
DO
MES
TIC
AN
D F
OR
EIG
N T
RA
DE
ECO
NO
MIC
GR
OW
TH A
ND
DEV
ELO
PMEN
T
42
DO
MES
TIC
AN
D F
OR
EIG
N T
RAD
E KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Hom
e tra
de
Fore
ign
trade
desc
ribe
char
acte
ristic
s of
ho
me
trade
desc
ribe
char
acte
ristic
s of
fo
reig
n tra
de
co
mpa
re h
ome
trade
and
fo
reig
n tra
de
ou
tline
the
adva
ntag
es
and
disa
dvan
tage
s of
in
tern
atio
nal t
rade
C
hara
cter
istic
s -
hom
e tra
de
- fo
reig
n tra
de
C
ompa
rison
bet
wee
n ho
me
and
fore
ign
trade
Adva
ntag
es a
nd
disa
dvan
tage
s of
in
tern
atio
nal t
rade
D
iscu
ssin
g ch
arac
teris
tics
of h
ome
and
fore
ign
trade
Com
parin
g ho
me
trade
and
fo
reig
n tra
de
R
esea
rchi
ng o
n ho
me
and
fore
ign
trade
act
ivitie
s
List
ing
adva
ntag
es a
nd
disa
dvan
tage
s of
in
tern
atio
nal t
rade
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Vide
o cl
ips
Pr
int m
edia
Loca
l com
mun
ity
Lo
cal I
ndus
tries
KEY
CO
NC
EPTS
OB
JEC
TIVE
SLe
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
:U
NIT
CO
NTE
NT
(Ski
lls, a
tti-
tude
s an
d kn
owle
dge)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RN
ING
A
CTI
VITI
ES A
ND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RES
OU
RC
ES
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omic
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elop
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t•
explainthemeaningof
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omic
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elop
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t•
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lopm
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frast
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Listingsignsofeconomic
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lopm
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mendedtextbooks
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nniumdevelopment
goal
s d
ocum
ent
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
22
8.3
FOR
M 3
INTR
OD
UC
TIO
N T
O E
CO
NO
MIC
S
KEY
CO
NC
EPTS
OB
JEC
TIVE
SLe
arne
rs s
houl
d be
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e to
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NIT
CO
NTE
NT
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lls,
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udes
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wle
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GES
TED
LEA
RN
ING
A
CTI
VITI
ES A
ND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
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RES
OU
RC
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uctio
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ssib
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urve
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-tio
n•
relatepointsonthePP
C
totheconceptofefficient
reso
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allo
catio
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•ThePPC
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ints
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insi
de th
e PP
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ints
out
side
the
PPC
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portu
nity
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t
•Efficientpoints
•Inefficientpoints
•Desiredbutunattainable
poin
ts
•Drawingandlabellin
ga
PPC
dia
gram
•Identifyingpointsonthe
PPC
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gram
•Explainingpointsonthe
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dia
gram
•Dem
onstratingtheop
-po
rtuni
ty c
ost o
n th
e PP
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diag
ram
•Identifyingpointsonthe
PPC
dia
gram
whi
ch a
re
efficientandinefficient
•Describingpointsonthe
PPC
dia
gram
whi
ch a
re
efficientandinefficient
•Recom
mendedtextbooks
•ChartsshowingPP
C•
Multi-media
Nor
mat
ive
and
posi
tive
stat
emen
ts•
distinguishbetweennorma-
tive
and
posi
tive
stat
emen
ts•
Statem
entsoffactsand
opin
ions
•Identifyingstatementsof
fact
s an
d op
inio
ns•
Recom
mendedtextbooks
•ICTTools
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
23
ECO
NO
MIC
SYS
TEM
S
PRO
DU
CTI
ON
45
ECO
NOM
IC S
YSTE
MS
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Mar
ket
Plan
ned
Mix
ed
st
ate
the
adva
ntag
es a
nd
disa
dvan
tage
s of
eac
h ec
onom
ic s
yste
m
ex
plai
n th
e ad
vant
ages
an
d di
sadv
anta
ges
of
each
eco
nom
ic s
yste
m
Ad
vant
ages
and
di
sadv
anta
ges
of:
- m
arke
t eco
nom
y -
plan
ned
econ
omy
- m
ixed
eco
nom
y
Li
stin
g th
e ad
vant
ages
and
di
sadv
anta
ges
of e
ach
econ
omic
sys
tem
Des
crib
ing
the
adva
ntag
es
and
disa
dvan
tage
s of
eac
h ec
onom
ic s
yste
m
R
ecom
men
ded
Text
book
s
Mul
ti-m
edia
ICT
tool
s
46
PRO
DU
CTI
ON
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Stag
es o
f pro
duct
ion
Valu
e ad
ditio
n Di
rect
and
indi
rect
pr
oduc
tion
La
nd re
form
de
scrib
e th
e in
ter-
rela
tions
hip
exis
ting
amon
gst t
he th
ree
stag
es
of p
rodu
ctio
n
expl
ain
valu
e ad
ditio
n
rela
te im
porta
nce
of v
alue
ad
ditio
n to
sta
ges
of
prod
uctio
n
dist
ingu
ish
betw
een
dire
ct
and
indi
rect
pro
duct
ion
expl
ain
land
refo
rm
id
entif
y th
e ai
ms
of
Zim
babw
e’s
land
refo
rm
prog
ram
me
ou
tline
the
econ
omic
ef
fect
s of
Zim
babw
e’s
land
re
form
pro
gram
me
St
ages
of p
rodu
ctio
n -
prim
ary
- se
cond
ary
- te
rtiar
y
Valu
e ad
ditio
n
D
irect
pro
duct
ion
In
dire
ct p
rodu
ctio
n
Aim
s of
land
refo
rm
Ef
fect
s of
land
refo
rm
D
iscu
ssin
g th
e in
ter-
rela
tions
hip
amon
gst
prim
ary,
sec
onda
ry a
nd
terti
ary
prod
uctio
n
Des
crib
ing
valu
e ad
ditio
n
Illust
ratin
g im
porta
nce
of
valu
e ad
ditio
n to
the
thre
e st
ages
of p
rodu
ctio
n
Tour
ing
of p
roce
ssin
g in
dust
ries
C
ompa
ring
dire
ct a
nd
indi
rect
pro
duct
ion
D
escr
ibin
g la
nd re
form
Eval
uatin
g th
e ec
onom
ic
effe
cts
of th
e la
nd re
form
Visi
ting
rese
ttled
farm
ers
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Res
ourc
e pe
rson
s
Res
ettle
men
ts
Pr
oces
sing
indu
strie
s
Publ
ishe
d re
sear
ches
on
land
ref
orm
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
24
LAB
OU
R
DEM
AN
D T
HEO
RY
48
DEM
AND
TH
EOR
Y KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Dete
rmin
ants
of D
eman
d
id
entif
y th
e de
term
inan
ts
of d
eman
d
expl
ain
the
follo
win
g te
rms
- ch
ange
s in
dem
and
- ch
ange
s in
qua
ntity
de
man
ded
Illu
stra
te th
e co
ncep
ts
usin
g di
agra
ms
D
eter
min
ants
of d
eman
d
Cha
nges
in d
eman
d
Cha
nges
in q
uant
ity
dem
and
Ex
plai
ning
the
dete
rmin
ants
that
cau
se
an o
utw
ard
or in
war
d sh
ift
of th
e de
man
d cu
rve
Sh
owin
g th
e re
latio
nshi
p be
twee
n ch
ange
s in
pric
e an
d qu
antit
y de
man
ded
D
raw
ing
diag
ram
s sh
owin
g ch
ange
s in
de
man
d an
d ch
ange
s in
qu
antit
y de
man
ded
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Cha
rts o
n ch
ange
s in
de
man
d an
d ch
ange
s in
qu
antit
y de
man
ded
M
ulti-
med
ia
IC
T to
ols
KEY
CO
NC
EPTS
OB
JEC
TIVE
SLe
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
:U
NIT
CO
NTE
NT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RN
ING
A
CTI
VITI
ES A
ND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RES
OU
RC
ES
Dem
and
and
sup
ply
of
labo
ur•
explainderiveddem
andfor
labo
ur•
identifyfactorsaffectingde
-m
and
and
supp
ly o
f lab
our
•explainthefactorsaffect
-in
g de
man
d an
d su
pply
of
labo
ur
•Deriveddem
andforlabour
•Dem
andforlabour
•Su
pplyoflabour
•Describingderiveddem
and
for l
abou
r•
Researchingonfactorsaf
-fe
ctin
g de
man
d an
d su
pply
of
labo
ur•
Describingthefactorsaf-
fect
ing
dem
and
and
supp
ly
of la
bour
•Recom
mendedtextbooks
•ZIMAS
SETdocument
•ICTtools
•Industries
Rol
e of
trad
e un
ions
and
go
vern
men
t int
erve
ntio
n in
w
age
dete
rmin
atio
n
•describetheroleoftrade
unio
ns•
explaingovernmentinter
-ve
ntio
n in
wag
e de
term
ina-
tion
•Wagedetermination
- Tr
ade
unio
ns-
Gov
ernm
ent i
nter
ven-
tion
•Discussingontradeunions
activ
ities
•Touringgovernmentdepart-
men
ts re
leva
nt to
labo
ur•
Reportingfindings
•Recom
mendedtextbooks
•Printm
edia
•ICTtools
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
25
SUPP
LY T
HEO
RY
49
SUPP
LY T
HEO
RY
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Dete
rmin
ants
of s
uppl
y
expl
ain
the
dete
rmin
ants
of
supp
ly
dem
onst
rate
how
de
term
inan
ts a
ffect
the
supp
ly cu
rve
de
scrib
e in
crea
se a
nd
decr
ease
in s
uppl
y
illust
rate
the
expa
nsio
n an
d co
ntra
ctio
n of
the
supp
ly cu
rve
D
eter
min
ants
of s
uppl
y
C
hang
es in
sup
ply
and
chan
ges
in q
uant
ity
supp
lied
Sh
ift o
f the
sup
ply
curv
e
Mov
emen
t alo
ng th
e su
pply
curv
e
D
iscu
ssin
g th
e de
term
inan
ts
of s
uppl
y
List
ing
dete
rmin
ants
cau
sing
sh
ifts
of s
uppl
y cu
rve
D
emon
stra
ting
the
shift
s (in
crea
se a
nd d
ecre
ase)
of
the
supp
ly cu
rve
Illu
stra
ting
the
mov
emen
ts
alon
g th
e su
pply
cur
ve
Ex
plai
ning
the
mov
emen
t al
ong
the
supp
ly c
urve
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Vide
o cl
ips
R
esou
rce
pers
ons
C
harts
sho
win
g m
ovem
ents
and
sh
ifts
Clim
ate
chan
ge
Ex
plai
n c
limat
e ch
ange
Outlinethe
effe
cts
of
clim
ate
chan
ge o
n pr
oduc
tion
Su
gges
t mitig
atin
g m
easu
res
to c
limat
e ch
ange
Ef
fect
s of
clim
ate
chan
ge
on p
rodu
ctio
n
Solu
tions
to c
limat
e ch
ange
Ex
plor
ing
the
effe
cts
of
clim
ate
chan
ge o
n pr
oduc
tion
R
esea
rchi
ng o
n ac
tivitie
s to
m
itigat
e ef
fect
s of
clim
ate
chan
ge o
n pr
oduc
tion.
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Loca
l com
mun
ity
M
ulti-
med
ia
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
26
CO
ST S
TRU
CTU
RES
AN
D R
EVEN
UE
MA
RK
ET E
QU
ILIB
RIU
M
50
MAR
KET
EQ
UIL
IBR
IUM
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Mar
ket e
quili
briu
m
de
mon
stra
te th
e sh
ift o
f th
e d
eman
d cu
rve
illu
stra
te th
e s
hift
of th
e su
pply
curv
e
show
how
a n
ew
equi
libriu
m is
est
ablis
hed
ou
tline
caus
es o
f the
shi
ft of
the
dem
and
curv
e
C
hang
es in
equ
ilibriu
m
poin
t
Shift
s of
the
dem
and
curv
e i.e
. inc
reas
e in
de
man
d/or
dec
reas
e in
de
man
d
Shift
of t
he s
uppl
y cu
rve
i.e. i
ncre
ase
in s
uppl
y an
d de
crea
se in
sup
ply
M
ovem
ent o
f the
eq
uilib
rium
poi
nt
D
raw
ing
the
dem
and
curv
e ei
ther
out
war
dly
or in
war
dly
Sh
owin
g by
use
of g
raph
s th
e sh
ift o
f the
sup
ply
curv
e
Dem
onst
ratin
g ho
w a
new
eq
uilib
rium
is e
stab
lishe
d
Outliningthefactorsthat
caus
e a
dem
and
curv
e an
d a
supp
ly cu
rve
to s
hift
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Vi
deo
clip
s
51
CO
ST S
TRU
CTU
RES
AN
D R
EVEN
UE
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Cost
s
dist
ingu
ish
betw
een
long
ru
n an
d sh
ort r
un
illu
stra
te a
vera
ge c
ost u
sing
di
agra
ms
R
elat
ions
hip
betw
een
shor
t run
and
long
run
cost
s
Aver
age
cost
cur
ves
Outlining
the
diffe
renc
es
betw
een
shor
t an
d lo
ng ru
n
Dra
win
g co
st c
urve
s fo
r sh
ort-r
un a
nd lo
ng-ru
n
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
Tool
s
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
27
MA
RK
ET S
TRU
CTU
RES
BU
SIN
ESS
OR
GA
NIS
ATIO
N
52
MAR
KET
STR
UC
TUR
ES
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Type
s of
mar
ket s
truct
ures
desc
ribe
the
feat
ures
of
each
type
of m
arke
t st
ruct
ure
ex
plai
n th
e ad
vant
ages
an
d di
sadv
anta
ges
of
each
mar
ket s
truct
ure
M
arke
t stru
ctur
es:
- Pe
rfect
com
petit
ion
- M
onop
olis
tic
com
petit
ion
- M
onop
oly
Ad
vant
ages
and
di
sadv
anta
ges
of m
arke
t st
ruct
ures
Outliningfeaturesofeach
of th
e m
arke
t stru
ctur
es
Ex
plai
ning
mar
ket
stru
ctur
es
G
ivin
g ex
ampl
es o
f m
arke
t stru
ctur
es in
the
econ
omy
D
iscu
ssin
g ad
vant
ages
an
d di
sadv
anta
ges
of
mar
ket s
truct
ures
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Mul
ti-m
edia
Res
ourc
e pe
rson
53
BU
SIN
ESS
OR
GAN
ISAT
ION
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Lim
ited
com
pani
es
Publ
ic c
orpo
ratio
n
de
scrib
e fe
atur
es o
f pr
ivat
e an
d pu
blic
lim
ited
com
pani
es
ou
tline
adva
ntag
es a
nd
disa
dvan
tage
s of
limite
d co
mpa
nies
com
pare
and
con
trast
fe
atur
es o
f lim
ited
com
pani
es
de
scrib
e fe
atur
es o
f mul
ti-na
tiona
l com
pani
es
(MN
C)
ou
tline
the
cost
s an
d be
nefit
s of
MN
Cs
to h
ost
coun
tries
desc
ribe
a pu
blic
co
rpor
atio
n
Li
mite
d co
mpa
nies
-p
rivat
e lim
ited
-pub
lic lim
ited
M
ulti-
natio
nal c
ompa
nies
-
feat
ures
-
bene
fits
to h
ost
coun
try
- pr
oble
ms
to h
ost
coun
try
Pu
blic
cor
pora
tions
-
feat
ures
-
adva
ntag
es
- di
sadv
anta
ges
Ex
plai
ning
the
feat
ures
of
limite
d co
mpa
nies
List
ing
adva
ntag
es a
nd
disa
dvan
tage
s of
limite
d co
mpa
nies
Dis
tingu
ishi
ng fe
atur
es o
f lim
ited
com
pani
es
Id
entif
ying
feat
ures
of
MN
Cs
D
iscu
ssin
g th
e co
sts
and
bene
fits
of M
NC
s in
hos
t co
untri
es
Vi
sitin
g lo
cal c
ompa
nies
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
R
esou
rce
pers
on
Lo
cal c
ompa
nies
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
28
NAT
ION
AL
INC
OM
E A
CC
OU
NTI
NG
MO
NEY
AN
D B
AN
KIN
G
55
MO
NEY
AN
D B
ANK
ING
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Ban
king
desc
ribe
the
role
of
finan
cial
inst
itutio
ns in
an
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ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
29
INFL
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N
56
INFL
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flatio
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ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
30
57
POPU
LATI
ON
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Y CO
NCEP
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OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
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NTEN
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ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
31
UN
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OR
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58
UN
EMPL
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AND
JO
B C
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DO
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OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
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es a
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ZIM
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ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
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DO
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DO
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Lear
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UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
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es a
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now
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GES
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ECO
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ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
33
INTR
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UC
TIO
N T
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CO
NO
MIC
S
8.4
FOR
M 4
62
8.4
FORM
4
INTR
OD
UC
TIO
N T
O E
CO
NO
MIC
S KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
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sho
uld
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to:
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CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
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SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
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AND
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GES
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Shap
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e Pr
oduc
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Poss
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urve
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PC)
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PPC
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C
onca
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onve
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ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
34
ECO
NO
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SYS
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S
PRO
DU
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ON
64
PRO
DU
CTI
ON
KE
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NCEP
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OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
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kills
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Prod
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Lo
catio
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oduc
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catio
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ned
econ
omy
- m
ixed
eco
nom
y•
Zimbabw
e’scurre
nteco
-no
mic
sys
tem
•Explainingsimilaritiesand
diffe
renc
es o
f the
eco
nom
ic
syst
ems
•An
alysingZimbabw
e’s
curre
nt s
ituat
ion
•Recom
mendedtextbooks
•Media
•Governm
entpublications
•Resourceperson
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
35
LAB
OU
R
65
LAB
OU
R
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Wag
e de
term
inat
ion
ex
plai
n ho
w w
ages
are
de
term
ined
Wag
e de
term
inan
ts
- la
bour
mar
kets
de
man
d an
d
supp
ly
- tra
de u
nion
R
esea
rchi
ng o
n w
age
dete
rmin
ants
Rep
ortin
g on
rese
arch
fin
ding
s
Dis
cuss
ing
the
dete
rmin
ants
of w
ages
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Loca
l indu
strie
s
Wag
e di
ffere
ntia
ls
iden
tify
basi
s of
wag
e di
ffere
ntia
ls
ex
plai
n th
e ba
sis
for w
age
diffe
rent
ials
W
age
diffe
rent
ials
bas
is
- tra
inin
g
- ris
k -
pres
tige
- ge
nder
-
gove
rnm
ent -
polic
ies
- cu
lture
-
race
R
esea
rchi
ng o
n ba
sis
for
wag
e di
ffere
ntia
ls
C
ase
stud
ying
on w
age
diffe
rent
ials
Expl
aini
ng b
asis
for w
age
diffe
rent
ials
Dis
cuss
ing
wag
e di
ffere
ntia
ls
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Prin
t med
ia
G
over
nmen
t dep
artm
ents
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
36
66
DEM
AND
TH
EOR
Y KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Elas
ticity
of d
eman
d
ex
plai
n th
e co
ncep
ts o
f el
astic
ity o
f dem
and
ex
plai
n th
e im
porta
nce
of
the
abov
e el
astic
ities
of
dem
and
to:
- ho
useh
old
- fir
m
- go
vern
men
t
Out
line
dete
rmin
ants
of
elas
ticitie
s of
dem
and
El
astic
ity o
f dem
and
- pr
ice
elas
ticity
of
dem
and
- in
com
e el
astic
ity o
f de
man
d -
cros
s el
astic
ity o
f de
man
d
Form
ula
D
egre
e of
ela
stic
ity
(ela
stic
and
inel
astic
)
Impo
rtanc
e of
ela
stic
ities
of d
eman
d
Det
erm
inan
ts o
f el
astic
ities
of d
eman
d
C
alcu
latin
g of
var
ious
el
astic
ities
of d
eman
d
Inte
rpre
ting
num
eric
al
valu
es
Illu
stra
ting
degr
ees
of
elas
ticitie
s
Dis
cuss
ing
the
impo
rtanc
e of
ela
stic
ities
Li
stin
g de
term
inan
ts o
f el
astic
ities
of d
eman
d
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Med
ia
C
harts
illus
tratin
g de
gree
of
elas
ticitie
s
ICT
tool
s
DEM
AN
D T
HEO
RY
SUPP
LY T
HEO
RY
67
SUPP
LY T
HEO
RY
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Elas
ticity
of s
uppl
y
expl
ain
elas
ticity
of s
uppl
y
calc
ulat
e pr
ice
elas
ticity
of
supp
ly
inte
rpre
t the
val
ue o
f el
astic
ity o
f sup
ply
de
scrib
e th
e de
term
inan
ts
of e
last
icity
of s
uppl
y
dem
onst
rate
the
sign
ifica
nce
of e
last
icity
of
supp
ly to
real
life
si
tuat
ions
.
El
astic
ity o
f sup
ply
- pr
ice
elas
ticity
Elas
ticity
deg
rees
-
elas
tic s
uppl
y -
unita
ry s
uppl
y -
inel
astic
sup
ply
D
eter
min
ants
of e
last
icity
of
sup
ply
Im
porta
nce
of e
last
icity
of
supp
ly
C
alcu
latin
g el
astic
ity o
f su
pply
In
terp
retin
g th
e va
lue
of
elas
ticity
of s
uppl
y
Des
crib
ing
the
dete
rmin
ants
of e
last
icity
of
sup
ply.
Dis
cuss
ing
the
impo
rtanc
e of
ela
stic
ity o
f sup
ply
to
real
life
situ
atio
ns
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Vi
deo
clip
s
Tour
ing
loca
l com
mun
ity
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
37
MA
RK
ET E
QU
ILIB
RIU
M
68
MAR
KET
EQ
UIL
IBR
IUM
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Gov
ernm
ent i
nter
vent
ion
desc
ribe
how
the
gove
rnm
ent i
nter
vene
in
the
mar
ket
ex
plai
n pr
ice
ceilin
g
expl
ain
pric
e flo
or
illu
stra
te th
e ef
fect
s of
pr
ice
cont
rols
on
the
mar
ket
G
over
nmen
t int
erve
ntio
n on
the
mar
ket
equi
libriu
m:
- pr
ice
ceilin
g -
pric
e flo
or
Ef
fect
s of
pric
e co
ntro
ls
on th
e m
arke
t -
exce
ss s
uppl
y -
shor
tage
/exc
ess
dem
and
D
iscu
ssin
g go
vern
men
t in
terv
entio
n
Des
crib
ing
pric
e ce
iling
D
escr
ibin
g pr
ice
floor
Dem
onst
ratin
g th
e ef
fect
s of
pric
e co
ntro
ls
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Vide
o cl
ips
C
harts
sho
win
g pr
ice
floor
and
cei
ling
CO
ST S
TRU
CTU
RES
AN
D R
EVEN
UE
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
38
CO
ST S
TRU
CTU
RES
AN
D R
EVEN
UE
MA
RK
ET S
TRU
CTU
RES
69
CO
ST S
TRU
CTU
RES
AN
D R
EVEN
UE
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Cost
s
Reve
nue
ex
plai
n th
e te
rms
: m
argi
nal c
osts
(MC
) ,
mar
gina
l rev
enue
(M
R)
and
aver
age
reve
nue
(AR
)
iden
tify
the
prof
it m
axim
isin
g ru
le
ex
plai
n th
e co
ncep
t of
econ
omic
effi
cien
cy
de
scrib
e no
rmal
pro
fit a
nd
abno
rmal
pro
fit
M
argi
nal c
osts
mar
gina
l rev
enue
Aver
age
reve
nue
Pr
ofit
max
imis
atio
n
Econ
omic
effi
cien
cy
Pr
ofit:
-
norm
al
- ab
norm
al
D
iscu
ssin
g m
argi
nal c
ost,
mar
gina
l rev
enue
and
av
erag
e re
venu
e
Dep
ictin
g th
e th
eore
tical
co
ncep
t of p
rofit
maximiza
tion
Sh
owin
g th
e eq
uilib
rium
an
d di
sequ
ilibriu
m
cond
itions
(MR
=MC
) D
escr
ibin
g th
e co
ncep
t of
econ
omic
effi
cien
cy
(allo
cativ
e an
d pr
oduc
tive
effic
ienc
y
Expl
aini
ng n
orm
al p
rofit
an
d ab
norm
al p
rofit
.
Illu
stra
ting
the
brea
keve
n co
nditio
n (A
R=A
C)
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Cha
rts s
how
ing
cost
s an
d re
venu
e cu
rves
70
MAR
KET
STR
UC
TUR
ES
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Shor
t run
equ
ilibr
ium
Lo
ng ru
n eq
uilib
rium
de
scrib
e :
- sh
ort r
un e
quilib
rium
-
long
run
equi
libriu
m
for e
ach
mar
ket
stru
ctur
e
iden
tify
the
prof
its
max
imis
ing
outp
ut
co
mpa
re fe
atur
es o
f di
ffere
nt m
arke
t stru
ctur
es
Sh
ort r
un e
quilib
rium
Long
run
equi
libriu
m
N
orm
al p
rofit
s
Abno
rmal
pro
fits
Lo
sses
Pric
e an
d ou
tput
de
term
inat
ion
C
ompa
rison
of m
arke
t st
ruct
ures
Illu
stra
ting
long
run
and
shor
t run
equ
ilibriu
m
D
emon
stra
ting
prof
it m
axim
isin
g ou
tput
Dis
cuss
ing
sim
ilarit
ies
and
diffe
renc
es in
mar
ket
stru
ctur
es
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
39
BU
SIN
ESS
OR
GA
NIS
ATIO
N
70
Long
run
equi
libriu
m
- lo
ng ru
n eq
uilib
rium
fo
r eac
h m
arke
t st
ruct
ure
id
entif
y th
e pr
ofits
m
axim
isin
g ou
tput
com
pare
feat
ures
of
diffe
rent
mar
ket
stru
ctur
es
N
orm
al p
rofit
s
Abno
rmal
pro
fits
Lo
sses
Pric
e an
d ou
tput
de
term
inat
ion
C
ompa
rison
of m
arke
t st
ruct
ures
D
emon
stra
ting
prof
it m
axim
isin
g ou
tput
Dis
cuss
ing
sim
ilarit
ies
and
diffe
renc
es in
mar
ket
stru
ctur
es
IC
T to
ols
BU
SIN
ESS
OR
GAN
ISAT
ION
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Sour
ces
of fi
nanc
e G
row
th o
f firm
s
de
scrib
e m
etho
ds o
f ra
isin
g fin
ance
expl
ain
met
hods
of
grow
th o
f firm
s
M
etho
ds o
f rai
sing
cap
ital
such
as:
-
shar
es
- de
bent
ures
-
leas
ing.
Gro
wth
of f
irms
- ve
rtica
l inte
grat
ion
- horizontalin
tegration
D
iscu
ssin
g m
etho
ds o
f ra
isin
g fin
ance
Des
crib
ing
met
hods
of
grow
th
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Vide
o cl
ips
Lo
cal S
MEs
71
Smal
l to
med
ium
ent
erpr
ises
(S
MEs
)
de
scrib
e th
e ef
fect
s of
in
tegr
atio
n on
st
akeh
olde
rs
di
stin
guis
h be
twee
n ec
onom
ies
and
dise
cono
mie
s of
sca
le
ou
tline
the
feat
ures
of
smal
l to
med
ium
en
terp
rises
(SM
Es)
de
scrib
e th
e m
etho
ds o
f su
rviv
al fo
r SM
Es
Ec
onom
ies
and
dise
cono
mie
s of
sca
le
Sm
all t
o M
ediu
m
Ente
rpris
es
Su
rviv
al o
f SM
Es
Illu
stra
ting
the
effe
ct o
f in
tegr
atio
n on
st
akeh
olde
rs
D
emon
stra
ting
diffe
renc
es
betw
een
econ
omie
s an
d di
seco
nom
ies
of s
cale
Cla
ssify
ing
SMEs
Iden
tifyin
g th
e m
etho
ds o
f su
rviv
al fo
r SM
Es
Vi
sitin
g lo
cal S
MEs
.
Busi
ness
pla
n
to d
raw
a b
usin
ess
plan
Cas
h flo
w p
roje
ctio
n
Dra
win
g a
busi
ness
pla
n
Dra
fting
a c
ash
flow
pr
ojec
tion
R
esou
rce
pers
on
M
ulti-
med
ia
IC
T To
ols
NAT
ION
AL IN
CO
ME
ACC
OU
NTI
NG
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Impo
rtanc
e of
nat
iona
l in
com
e st
atis
tics
di
scus
s us
es o
f nat
iona
l in
com
e st
atis
tics
by
diffe
rent
age
nts
Le
vel o
f eco
nom
ic a
ctiv
ity
and
grow
th
St
anda
rds
of liv
ing
G
over
nmen
t int
erve
ntio
n in
reso
urce
s al
loca
tion
D
iscu
ssin
g th
e us
es o
f na
tiona
l inco
me
stat
istic
s
Res
earc
hing
on
impo
rtanc
e of
nat
iona
l inco
me
stat
istic
s
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
Prin
t med
ia
IC
T to
ols
In
form
al s
ecto
r
Lim
itatio
ns o
f nat
iona
l in
com
e da
ta
id
entif
y th
e lim
itatio
ns o
f na
tiona
l inco
me
sta
tistic
s
expl
ain
the
limita
tions
of
natio
nal in
com
e da
ta
N
atio
nal in
com
e st
atis
tics
limita
tions
-
doub
le c
ount
ing
- in
form
al s
ecto
r -
unre
cord
ed a
ctiv
ities
Li
stin
g lim
itatio
ns o
f na
tiona
l inco
me
stat
istic
s
Des
crib
ing
limita
tions
of
natio
nal in
com
e st
atis
tics
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
40
NAT
ION
AL
INC
OM
E A
CC
OU
NTI
NG
MO
NEY
AN
D B
AN
KIN
G
72
NAT
ION
AL IN
CO
ME
ACC
OU
NTI
NG
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Impo
rtanc
e of
nat
iona
l in
com
e st
atis
tics
di
scus
s us
es o
f nat
iona
l in
com
e st
atis
tics
by
diffe
rent
age
nts
Le
vel o
f eco
nom
ic a
ctiv
ity
and
grow
th
St
anda
rds
of liv
ing
G
over
nmen
t int
erve
ntio
n in
re
sour
ces
allo
catio
n
D
iscu
ssin
g th
e us
es o
f na
tiona
l inco
me
stat
istic
s
Res
earc
hing
on
impo
rtanc
e of
nat
iona
l inco
me
stat
istic
s
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
Prin
t med
ia
IC
T to
ols
In
form
al s
ecto
r
Lim
itatio
ns o
f nat
iona
l inc
ome
data
iden
tify
the
limita
tions
of
natio
nal in
com
e s
tatis
tics
ex
plai
n th
e lim
itatio
ns o
f na
tiona
l inco
me
data
N
atio
nal in
com
e st
atis
tics
limita
tions
-
doub
le c
ount
ing
- in
form
al s
ecto
r -
unre
cord
ed a
ctiv
ities
Li
stin
g lim
itatio
ns o
f nat
iona
l in
com
e st
atis
tics
D
escr
ibin
g lim
itatio
ns o
f na
tiona
l inco
me
stat
istic
s
Res
earc
hing
on
unre
cord
ed
econ
omic
act
ivitie
s
73
MO
NEY
AN
D B
ANK
ING
KE
Y CO
NCEP
TS
OBJ
ECTI
VES
Lear
ners
sho
uld
be a
ble
to:
UNIT
CO
NTEN
T (S
kills
, at
titud
es a
nd k
now
ledg
e)
SUG
GES
TED
LEAR
NING
AC
TIVI
TIES
AND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RESO
URCE
S
Mon
etar
y po
licy
Fisc
al p
olic
y
di
stin
guis
h be
twee
n m
onet
ary
and
fisca
l pol
icy
de
scrib
e ho
w a
mon
etar
y an
d fis
cal p
olic
y ca
n be
us
ed to
ach
ieve
eco
nom
ic
obje
ctiv
es
Ec
onom
ic in
stru
men
ts
- fis
cal p
olic
y -
mon
etar
y po
licy
Ex
plai
ning
how
mon
etar
y an
d fis
cal p
olic
y ca
n be
us
ed to
fine
tune
the
econ
omy
D
iscu
ssin
g th
e na
tiona
l bu
dget
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Mon
etar
y an
d fis
cal p
olic
y do
cum
ents
Res
ourc
e pe
rson
s
Res
erve
ban
k pu
blic
atio
ns
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
41
INFL
ATIO
N
74
INFL
ATIO
N
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Mea
sure
men
t of I
nfla
tion
Mon
etar
y po
licy
Fisc
al p
olic
y
ca
lcul
ate
rate
of i
nfla
tion
usin
g C
onsu
mer
Pric
e In
dex
(CPI
) and
Ret
ail
Pric
e In
dex
(RPI
)
iden
tify
the
curre
nt ra
te o
f in
flatio
n in
Zim
babw
e.
co
mpa
re ra
tes
of in
flatio
n fo
r diff
eren
t per
iods
in
Zim
babw
e
expl
ain
the
mon
etar
y an
d fis
cal p
olic
y to
ols
used
to
curb
infla
tion
M
easu
rem
ent o
f inf
latio
n
- C
onsu
mer
Pric
e In
dex
(C
PI)
- R
etai
l Pric
e In
dex
(RPI
)
Cur
rent
in
flatio
n ra
te
in
Zim
babw
e
Com
paris
on o
f rat
es o
f in
flatio
n be
twee
n di
ffere
nt
perio
ds
Po
licie
s to
cur
b in
flatio
n -
mon
etar
y po
licy
- fis
cal p
olic
y
C
alcu
latin
g th
e ra
te o
f in
flatio
n us
ing
CPI
and
RPI
Res
earc
hing
on
the
past
an
d cu
rrent
rate
s of
in
flatio
n.
Es
tabl
ishi
ng tr
end
follo
wed
by
infla
tion
rate
in
Zim
babw
e.
D
iscu
ssin
g fis
cal a
nd
mon
etar
y po
licy
tool
s us
ed
to c
ontro
l infla
tion.
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ICT
tool
s
Vide
o cl
ips
Pr
int m
edia
. : R
BZ
publ
icat
ions
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
42
POPU
LATI
ON
UN
EMPL
OYM
ENT
AN
D J
OB
CR
EATI
ON
76
UN
EMPL
OYM
ENT
AND
JO
B C
REA
TIO
N
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Unem
ploy
men
t tre
nds
Job
crea
tion
de
scrib
e u
nem
ploy
men
t tre
nds
in Z
imba
bwe
de
scrib
e jo
b cr
eatio
n
expl
ain
how
ent
erpr
isin
g an
d in
dige
nisa
tion
can
solv
e th
e pr
oble
m o
f un
empl
oym
ent
in
itiate
a m
ini p
roje
ct
U
nem
ploy
men
t tre
nds
in
Zim
babw
e
Job
crea
tion
- en
terp
risin
g
- in
dige
nisa
tion
In
terp
retin
g ge
nera
l em
ploy
men
t tre
nds
Outliningtheimportance
of in
dige
nisa
tion
and
ente
rpris
ing
R
unni
ng in
com
e ge
nera
ting
proj
ect o
n a
smal
l sca
le
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Cap
ital
R
esou
rce
pers
on
KEY
CO
NC
EPTS
OB
JEC
TIVE
SLe
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
:U
NIT
CO
NTE
NT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RN
ING
A
CTI
VITI
ES A
ND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RES
OU
RC
ES
Sust
aina
ble
reso
urce
m
anag
emen
t•
explaintheconceptsofsus
-ta
inab
le re
sour
ce m
anag
e-m
ent
•explainhoweconomic
agen
ts s
houl
d m
anag
e th
eir
reso
urce
s fo
r sus
tain
abilit
y
•Resourcemanagem
ent
initi
ativ
es:
- C
AMPF
IRE
- EM
A-
Com
mun
ity s
hare
trus
ts-
Rec
yclin
g•
Waysofsustainablere
-so
urce
man
agem
ent
•Touringresourcemanage-
men
t cen
tres
•Discussingresourceman
-ag
emen
t ini
tiativ
es•
Describingwaysofsustain
-ab
le re
sour
ce m
anag
emen
t
•Recom
mendedtextbooks
•Resourceperson
•Videos
•Multi-media
•Printm
edia
Size
and
com
posi
tion
of
labo
ur fo
rce
•relatethecompositionof
popu
latio
n to
labo
ur fo
rce
•explainthefactorsaffecting
compositionandsizeof
labo
ur fo
rce
•describewaystocontrol
popu
latio
n
•Dem
ographicstructure
•Activepopulation
(16
– 64
)•
Skillsandtraining
•Governm
entpolicy
•Po
pulationcontrol
•Exam
iningthedemographic
com
posi
tion
of p
opul
atio
n•
Describingthefactorsaf
-fectingthesizeandcom
po-
sitio
n of
pop
ulat
ion
•Outliningvariousfamily
plan
ning
met
hods
•Recom
mendedbooks
•ICTtools
•Resourceperson
•Localhealthcentres
•New
startcentres
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
43
DO
MES
TIC
AN
D F
OR
EIG
N T
RA
DE
KEY
CO
NC
EPTS
OB
JEC
TIVE
SLe
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
:U
NIT
CO
NTE
NT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SUG
GES
TED
LEA
RN
ING
A
CTI
VITI
ES A
ND
NO
TES
SUG
GES
TED
RES
OU
RC
ES
Term
s of
tra
de
Fore
ign
exch
ange
Prot
ectio
nism
Econ
omic
inte
grat
ion
•describetermsoftrade
•calculatetermsoftrade
•interpretresultsfrom
terms
of tr
ade
•explainforeignexchange
•outlineproblem
sresulting
from
fore
ign
exch
ange
sh
orta
ges
•outlinereasonsanddemer
-its
of f
ree
trade
•describewaysofprotection-
ism
•givereasonsforeconomic
inte
grat
ion
•Termsoftrade
- fa
vour
able
- un
favo
urab
le
•Foreignexchange
- ex
chan
ge ra
te-
prob
lem
s of
fore
ign
exch
ange
sho
rtage
s-
poss
ible
sou
rces
of
earn
ing
fore
ign
curre
n-cy
•Freetrade
- m
erits
- de
mer
its•
Protectionism
(way
s, m
erits
and
dem
erits
)•
Econom
icIntegrationsuch
as:SA
DC,C
OMES
A,AU
•Calculatingtermsoftrade
•Researchinghow
results
from
term
s of
trad
e ca
n be
us
eful
.•
Establishingtherelationship
betw
een
Zim
babw
ean
cur-
renc
y an
d ot
her c
ount
ries
•Discussingproblemsarising
from
fore
x sh
orta
ges
•Researchingonwaysof
prot
ectio
nism
use
d in
Zim
-ba
bwe
and
thei
r effe
ctiv
e-ne
ss
•Recom
mendedtextbooks
•ICTtools
•Videoclips
•Printm
edia
•Resourceperson
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
44
ECO
NO
MIC
GR
OW
TH A
ND
DEV
ELO
PMEN
T
78
ECO
NO
MIC
GR
OW
TH A
ND
DEV
ELO
PMEN
T
KEY
CONC
EPTS
O
BJEC
TIVE
S Le
arne
rs s
houl
d be
abl
e to
: UN
IT C
ONT
ENT
(Ski
lls,
attit
udes
and
kno
wle
dge)
SU
GG
ESTE
D LE
ARNI
NG
ACTI
VITI
ES A
ND N
OTE
S SU
GG
ESTE
D RE
SOUR
CES
Indi
cato
rs o
f eco
nom
ic
grow
th a
nd d
evel
opm
ent
st
ate
indi
cato
rs o
f ec
onom
ic g
row
th a
nd
deve
lopm
ent
ex
plai
n th
e in
dica
tors
of
econ
omic
gro
wth
and
de
velo
pmen
t
Ec
onom
ic g
row
th a
nd
deve
lopm
ent
In
dica
tors
R
esea
rchi
ng o
n in
dica
tors
of
: -
grow
th
- de
velo
pmen
t
pres
entin
g th
e fin
ding
s
disc
ussi
ng e
cono
mic
gr
owth
and
dev
elop
men
t
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Prin
t med
ia
el
ectro
nic
med
ia
Cost
and
ben
efits
of
econ
omic
gro
wth
and
de
velo
pmen
t
id
entif
y co
sts
and
bene
fits
of e
cono
mic
gro
wth
and
de
velo
pmen
t
disc
uss
the
cost
s an
d be
nefit
s
C
osts
and
ben
efits
of
grow
th a
nd d
evel
opm
ent
An
alys
ing
cost
s an
d be
nefit
s
Res
earc
hing
on
cost
s an
d be
nefit
Iden
tifyin
g lo
cal a
reas
w
here
gro
wth
and
de
velo
pmen
t has
take
n pl
ace
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
Elec
troni
c m
edia
Prin
t med
ia
Sust
aina
ble
deve
lopm
ent
ex
plai
n m
eani
ngs
of
sust
aina
ble
deve
lopm
ent
in
itiate
a s
usta
inab
le
deve
lopm
ent p
roje
ct
di
scus
s w
ays
of a
chie
ving
su
stai
nabl
e de
velo
pmen
t
Su
stai
nabl
e de
velo
pmen
t
Sust
aina
ble
deve
lopm
ent
initia
tives
Cos
ts a
nd b
enef
its o
f su
stai
nabl
e de
velo
pmen
t in
itiativ
es
D
esig
ning
a s
usta
inab
le
deve
lopm
ent p
roje
ct
To
urin
g ar
eas
whe
re
sust
aina
ble
deve
lopm
ent
has
occu
rred
St
udyin
g at
leas
t one
N
ewly
Indu
stria
lised
C
ount
ry (N
IC)
R
esea
rchi
ng o
n su
stai
nabl
e de
velo
pmen
t in
itiativ
es
R
ecom
men
ded
text
book
s
ZIM
ASSE
T do
cum
ent
Pr
int m
edia
Area
s su
stai
nabl
y de
velo
ped
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
45
ASSESSMENT WEIGHINGCONTINUOUS 30%SUMMATIVE 70%TOTAL 100%
9.2 FORMS OF ASSESSMENT
N.B. All assignments, tests and projects should be marked out of 100 Soft skills should be assessed as learners do the continuous assessment tasks
9.2 1 CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT
Level Assessment task Frequency WeightingForm 1 Practical Assignment
Theory Test Written Research Project
1 per term1 per term1 per year
5
Form 2 Practical Assignment Theory Test Written Research Project
1 per term1 per term1 per year
5
Form 3 Practical Assignment Theory Test Written Research Project
1 per term1 per term1 per year
10
Form 4 2 Theory TestsWritten Research Project (continued from form 3)
10
Total 30
9.0 SCHEME OF ASSESSMENT
The syllabus scheme of assessment is grounded on the principle of inclusivity. Arrangements, accommodation and modificationsmustbevisibleinbothcontinuousandsummativeassessmentstoenablecandidateswithspecialneedsto access assessments and receive accurate performance measurement of their ability.
9.1 Assessment objectives By the end of the course learners should be able to:
9.1.1 outline the link between economic variables and prevailing economic circumstances9.1.2 criticise any economic issue using facts and value judgement. 9.1.3 describe economic phenomena, facts, convention, concepts, principles and theories, using economics
terminology.9.1.4 apply economic tools tools of analysis to contribute to the economic transformation of Zimbabwe.9.1.5select,organize,analyseandinterpretbusinessandfinancialdatawiththeaidoftechnology.9.1.6 demonstrate economic knowledge in verbal, diagrammatic, pictorial and graphical form.9.1.7 evaluate the social and environment implications of a particular course of economic action.9.1.8 show that economic theory is subject to various limitations and uncertainties.9.1.9 planandorganizeanareaofstudyforcoursework.9.1.10 exhibit respect, honesty and integrity (Unhu/Ubuntu).9.1.11 work independently and in groups to achieve appropriate goals in set time lines.
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
46
ASSESSMENT
SUMMATIVEASSESSMENT 70%CONTINUOUSASSESSMENT30%
FORM1 FORM2
30% 70%
FORM3 FORM4 Multiple Response
EssaysDataResponse
100 %
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
47
Skill Paper 1 Paper 2Knowledge and under-standing
30 20
Interpretation and applica-tion
40 40
Problem solving 30 40Total 100 100
9.2.4 SKILL DISTRIBUTION
Paper 1 Paper 2 Paper 31. Introduction to Economics2. Economic systems3. Production 4. Labour 5. Demand theory6. Supply theory7. Market equilibrium8. Cost structures and revenue9. Market structures10. Business organisation11. National income accounting12. Money and banking13. Inflation14. Population15. Unemployment and job creation16. Domestic and Foreign trade17. Economic growth and develop-
ment 18. Market failure and government
intervention
1. Production 2. Labour 3. Demand theory4. Supply theory5. Market equilibrium6. Cost structures and revenue7. Market structures8. National income accounting9. Inflation10. Population11. Unemployment and job creation12. Domestic and Foreign trade13. Economic growth and develop-
ment
1.Introduction to Economics2.Economic systems3.Production 4.Labour 5.Demand theory6.Supply theory7.Market equilibrium8.Cost structures and revenue9.Market structures10.Business organisation11.National income accounting12.Money and banking13.Inflation14.Population15.Unemployment and job creation16.Domestic and Foreign trade17.6Economic growth and development 18.Market failure and government intervention
Content Distribution
9.2.3 SPECIFICATION GRID
PAPER TYPEOFPAPER DURATION MARKS WEIGHTING1 Multiple choice 1hr 15 40 20%2 Data response 1hr 15 40 20%3 Essays 1hr 15 40 30%TOTAL 70%
9.2.2 SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
48
9.2.5 DESCRIPTION OF PAPERSPaper 1 Multiple choiceThe paper consist of 40 items with 4 options per question A,B.C or .D. Candidates are required to select the most appropriate option in a duration of 1 hr. 15 minutes. The paper will carry 20% of the marks for the learning area.
Paper 2 Data responseThe paper will consist of two compulsory questions each carrying 20 marks testing particular knowledge and under-standing and problem solving skills. The paper will carry 20% of the marks for the learning area and the time duration of the paper is 1hr 15 minutes.
Paper 3 Theory EssaysThis paper will consist of 10 questions and candidates will be required to attempt 4 questions. The paper will carry 30% of the marks and will be of 2hrs duration.
Paper 4 Continuous assessmentThe continuous assessment will carry 30% of the marks. It will be based on assignments, tests and projects.
10.0 GLOSSARY/APPENDICES NB A checklist such as this is neither exhaustive nor prescriptive: unless it is indicated as `not required’, the omission ofanitemfromthislistdoesnotmeanthatexaminerswillnotrefertoit,whileteachersmayfindithelpfulordesirablein their courses to introduce terms and concepts even if they lie outside the scope of the examined syllabus.
abnormalprofit averagepropensityabsolute advantage average revenueaccelerator average variable costactivebalances balanceforofficialfinancingad valorem tax balance of paymentsaggregate demand balance of tradeaggregate expenditure balanced Budgetaggregate supply balancing itemallocativeefficiency BankRateappreciation (exchange rate) barriers to entryat constant prices barriers to exitat current prices barterat factor cost base dateat market prices bilateral tradeautomatic stabilisers birth rate autonomous broad money supplyaverage cost budget linecapital:outputratio deathratedeficit cashratio depositsdeflationchange in demand demand conditionschange in quantity demanded demand cuvecheques demand-deficiencyunemploymentinfrastructure marketinjections market economyintegration market failureinterest market systeminterest rate marketing economiesinternaleconomiesofscale maximization occupationalmobility privatebenefitsofficialfinancing privatecosts
ECONOMICS SYLLABUS FORMS 1 - 4
49
oligopoly private goodsopen economy private sector liquidityopen market operations privatisationopportunity cost production possibility curveoptimum population productiveefficiencyoptimum resource allocation productivityother things being equal profitmaximizationPareto optimality proportional taxationPatents protectionism pensions public goodsperfect competition progressive taxationperfectly elastic quality of life quotas standard of deferred paymentsrate of interest standard of livingrationing store of valueresources supply curveRetail Prices Index tariffsrisk-bearing economies of scale taxationtechnical economies technical unemploymentterms of trade total revenuesaving tertiary sectorscarcity trade cycleseasonal unemployment servicessecondary sector shares shoeleathercostofinflation trade unionsshort run transactions demand for moneySmith, Adam transfer earningssocial costs special depositsunemployment transfer payments unstable equilibrium urbanizationvariable costs vertical integrationvisible balance voluntary unemploymentwage differentials wages
withdrawals working capital
