ecological rainfall infrastructure: investment in trees for sustainable development
TRANSCRIPT
Ecologicalrainfallinfrastructure:investmentintreesforsustainabledevelopment
Ecologicalrainfallinfrastructure,RioPavillionCOPPARIS02-12-2015
MeinevanNoordwijkChiefScienDst,WorldAgroforestryCentre(ICRAF);ProfessorofAgro-forestry,WageningenUniversity
Longcycle:oceanstoland
Shortcycle:Landtoland
Forestandwater–bigpictureon‘coolforests’
Q=P-E±ΔS
Streamflow(bluewater):flowpersis-tencedependsonwatershedhealth,asdoeswaterquality
PrecipitaDonof‘rainbowwater’:60%ofrainfalloverlandderivesfromoceans,40%fromvegetaDononland
EvapotranspiraDon(greenwateruse)leadstoaircooling,treesuse100-200mm/yearmorethanshortvegetaDon
Soilwaterstorage(‘spongeeffect’)dependsonsoildepthandstructure
Blue water streamflow
Rainfall triggering conditions
Precipi- tation
Rainbow water Atmospheric transport
Soil & ground-water buffering
Gre
en w
ater
ET
evap
otra
nspi
ratio
n Precipi- tation
Gre
en w
ater
ET
evap
otra
nspi
ratio
n
Blue water streamflow
Soil & ground-water buffering
vanderEntRJ,SavenijeHHG,SchaefliB,Steele-DunneSC,2010.OriginandfateofatmosphericmoistureoverconDnents.WaterResourcesResearch46,W09525,
E/P
PfromEt/P
• Treesconsumewater• Treesrecyclewater• Treeshelpstorewaterbychangingsoiltobe
amoreeffecDvebuffer
• Streamflowfromhealthycatchmentswithforestsandtreesismoregradual
Higherevapotranspi-raDonmeansmorecoolingeffect
Higherevapotranspi-raDonmeansmoreatmosphericwatervapour
Prevailingwinds
BioDc-pump-inducedairflows?
Oceanicinput
BiologicalprecipitaDontriggers? Rainfall
Downstreamwateruse,livelihoodsrisksandbenefits
Scien1-fic
debate
DownstreamanddownwindbenefitsofwatershedrestoraDon
LightningBNF Denitrifiers
LongcyclerainBRG ET
Stem-flow
Through-fall
Rainfall Cloud interception
Lateral
outflows (interflow) Recharge
Soil surface evaporation
Transpiration
Canopy water evaporation
Uptake
Quick- flow
Base flow
{
Surface run-on Surface
Run-off
Streams & river
Litter layer
Sub-surface lateral inflows
Infil-tra-tion
Percolation
Canopy inter-
ception
CoolingeffectofE
Foresters&farmersmanagingtreecover:ETtranslatedintotree,
cropandpastureproducDvity
NewBRG-science
Rainbowwaterclosesthehydrologicalcycle
Hydrologists:Q,Bluewaterimpliesfocusonstream-flow(floods,drought,useasirrigaDonsource)
Treeecophy-siologists:Et,Greenwaterimpliesfocusonuseofwa-terbyvegeta-Don,compe-DngwithwhatentersstreamsSoilscien1sts:ΔS,Spongeeffectfocusonbufferingbysoilwithgoodinfiltra-Donanddeeprootsystems
Landscapeecologists:scalingfrompatch,viahillslopestowatershedsinrelaDontohumanlanduse
Climatologists:P,PrecipitaDon(rainfall)sourcedfromoceans+land,globalcirculaDon
Decarbonizingthedebateonforests,treesandclimate:cooltrees
Treesmakeitcooler,helpwithrainfallandkeepthesoilmoist
UNFCCC:globalclimatechangedependson
greenhousegasemissions
Thiscarbonthingishardtounderstand,wecan’tseeit…
