early civilizations india and china. subcontinent north - mountains south - water geography
TRANSCRIPT
Early CivilizationsIndia and China
Subcontinent North - Mountains
South - Water
Geography
Monsoons
Allowed travel between Africa, Middle East and India
Fertile Soil + More Food =?
More People
Indus Valley Civilizationthe Dravidians
Much of the Indus Valley history is still a mystery
Planned Cities
A planned city tells you what about their government?
Civilization just Disappeared
From the EAST the Aryans moved in
Aryans felt “superior”
towards the Dravidians
Cultural Diffusion Occurs
New Language Developed
Sanskirt
What we know came from the Vedas (collection of prayers, hymns, etc)
Aryans Way of Life
Led by Rajahs
(Skilled War Leader)
VALUED CATTLE FOR SURIVAL
AND A SIGN OF WEALTH
Warriors
Farmers, merchantsartisans
Priests
Social Classes
Dravidians
Caste System
BORN INTO
CHANGE
WHEN YOU
DIE
Treatment of the “Untouchables”
Joint Family SystemDowry to be paid
Sati RitualsWidow chooses to die with the
body of the husband
Ganges River
“mother of the people”
Today
Way of Life
Polytheistic
Mystics – people who devote their life to seek spiritual truth
The Birth of A New Religion
HINDUISM
NO Single FounderNO Single Text (Vedas)
***Diffusion of Dravidians and Aryans
3 MAIN GODS
BRAHMA(CREATOR)
VISHNU
(PRESERVER)
SHIVA
DESTROYER
GOAL IN LIFE
STOP THE CYCLE OF REINCARNATION AND
TO BE REUNITED WITH BRAHMA (MOKSHA)
The law of KARMA
This life affects your next!!!!!!
2 Beliefs
Dharma
Religious and moral duties
Ahimsa
Non-violence
One Branch Jainism
Hurt NO Living Creature
From Hinduism
Buddhism will form in
The Himalayas
Siddhartha GautamaLuxury lifestyleLeft palace and saw life not
perfectCrippled manOld manDead manbeggar
Went to meditate “enlightened
one”
4 Noble Truths
Life is suffering
Suffering due to attachment
Can be overcome
Follow the 8 fold path
8 Fold Path
PagodaCurved corners
Statues for Buddha
Nirvana – most perfect state
Must work off bad karma to end samsara (reincarnation)
Buddhism spread in Asia
Hindus in India
made Buddha a god
Chapter 3 Section 3Chapter 4 Sections 4 & 5
Geography
GOBI DESERT
HIMALAYAMOUNTAINS
WATER
Believed they were only Civilization
River Valley Civilization
Ancient Chinese Inventions
Papermaking
Woodblock Printing
Compass Gunpowder
Money on a “string”
Calendar 365 ¼ days
Neolithic FarmersFertile Soil
Huang He River Valley
“Yellow River”“river of sorrows”
Remember…..
dynasty – ruling family
Bronze Age
Mandate of Heaven
Good times – heavens approved
Disasters – lost favor of heavens
Oracle BonesWrite questions
Interpret the cracks
Polytheistic
Ancestor Worship
Lived in the Afterworld
Nobles
Buried in lavish tombs
Chariots, art, living people
SHANG INVADED BY ZHOU (CHOU)
Zhou (Chou) Dynasty Accomplishments
• Confucius• Taoism• Roads • Code of Li
Calligraphy
A New Philosopher(system of ideas)
Confucius
Life works better when everyone plays their “role”
5 Relationships
Father – SonSibling – SiblingHusband – WifeRuler – SubjectFriend – Friend (equal)
Filial piety – respect for parents
Code of Li
Chivalry
Enforced by peers
Life of BalanceSame time
Daoism
Qin Dynasty
Accomplishments
1. Great Wall
2. First Emperor
Only lasted about 15 years
Terra-Cotta Army
Han Dynasty
Accomplishments
1. Silk Road
2. Public Schools
***Most Chinese today call themselves
Han people
Cultural Diffusion
T’ang Dynasty
Accomplishments
Civil Service Exam
HAN - TANG
Dynasties
Civil Service Exam
Looking Ahead
What do you think will happen as trade with China and the west increases?