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Contents

African American

59% White 41%

The Nystrom Atlas of United States History

5

Page 47

Page 61

2014 Update of Names and Boundaries © 2009, 2000 by Herff Jones, Inc. 4719 W. 62nd St, Indianapolis, IN 46268

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

Printed in U.S.A.

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 17 16 15 14

Print: ISBN: 978-0-7825-1361-5 Product Code: 9AUSH-1 E-book: ISBN: 978-0-7825-1633-3 Product Code: SL5-AUSH-NA

To order: www.herffjonesnystrom.com or 800-621-8086

Statistics and estimates are from government sources: for the date given where specified, otherwise for the most recent available date.

Content Reviewers

Betty B. Franks, History Teacher and Department Chairperson, Maple Heights High School, Maple Heights, OH

Jacqueline L. Frierson, Principal and former History Teacher, William H. Lemmel Middle School at Woodbourne, Baltimore, MD

Robert Hagopian, History Teacher, Scotts Valley Middle School, Scotts Valley, CA

Francis N. Stites, Professor of History, Department of History, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA

Arthur Zilversmit, Distinguished Service Professor, Emeritus, Department of History, Lake Forest College, Lake Forest, IL

H Using This Atlas 4–5

era 1Three Worlds Meet, Beginnings to 1620 6–17

The Long Journey to the Americas 6–7 • The World of the First Americans 8 • The World of West Africa 9 • The World of Europe 10–11 • Trade with the Indies Spurs Exploration 12–13 • Europeans Explore the New World 14–15 • Exploitation and Settlement Begin 16–17

era 2Colonization and Settlement, 1585–1763 18–27

A New World to the Europeans 18–19 • Early Claims, Early Conflicts 20–21 • European Settlements in North America 22–23 • The Thirteen British Colonies 24–25 • Slavery in the Americas 26–27

era 3Revolution and the New Nation, 1754–1820s 28–37

The French and Indian War Changes America 28–29 • Patriots Fight the Revolutionary War 30–31 • A New Nation: The United States of America 32–33 • A Growing Population Spreads West 34–35 • Neighbors Gain Their Independence 36–37

era 4Expansion and Reform, 1801–1861 38–51

Growing with the Louisiana Territory 38–39 • War of 1812 and Indian Resettlement 40–41 • Exploration Opens the West 42–43 • Travel in a Growing Nation 44–45 • America Expands to the Pacific 46–47 • West Across the Rockies 48–49 • Immigrants and Runaway Slaves 50–51

era 5Civil War and Reconstruction, 1820–1877 52–61

Slavery Divides the Nation 52–53 • The United States Before the Civil War 54–55 • The Civil War Begins 56–57 • The Civil War Continues 58–59 • The War Ends, Reconstruction Follows 60–61

era 6 Development of the Industrial United States, 1865–1900 62–71

Immigration Swells the Work Force 62–63 • Railroads Transform the West 64–65 • Using Indian Lands to Feed the Nation 66–67 • Mining the Raw Materials for Industry 68–69 • Becoming an Industrial Nation 70–71

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Sample from: 'The Nystrom Atlas of United States History' | Product code: NYS182 | ISBN: 9780782513615 Available for purchase at www.nystromeducation.com or www.socialstudies.com

Samples are provided for evaluation purposes. Copying of the product or its parts

for resale is prohibited. Additional restrictions may be set by the publisher.

1990

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Male Female

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50

75

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Hungnam

Chongjin

Chosan

Wonsan

Panmunjom

Seoul

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SOUTHKOREA

NORTHKOREA

Nov.–DecUN troopsfrom Nort

1951 Limit ofmunist advance

Jul. 1953 Armistis established nea1945–1950 boun

1

3

ATLAS OF UNITED STATES HISTORY

era 7Emergence of Modern America, 1890–1930 72–81

The Spanish-American War and World Power 72–73 • Immigration and the Growth of Cities 74–75 •The United States Enters World War I 76–77 • A Widespread System of Segregation 78–79 •Reforms Change America 80–81

era 8The Great Depression and World War II, 1929–1945 82–91

Prosperity Ends, Immigration Slows 82–83 • Onset of World War II 84–85 • America Enters theWar 86–87 • Fighting the War in Europe 88–89 • Ending the War in the Pacific 90–91

era 9United States After World War II, 1945 to Early 1970s 92–101

American Troops Fight the Korean War 92–93 • Superpowers Face Off in the Cold War 94–95 •Baby Boom and Suburban Growth 96–97 • In Search of the American Dream 98–99 •The Vietnam War Ends an Era 100–101

era 10Contemporary United States, 1969 to Present 102–111

The American Economy Goes Global 102–103 • World Superpower 104–105 • Health of theNation 106–107 • Environmental Challenges 108–109 • The Changing Face of America 110–111

Reference Materials and IndexPresidents of the United States inside front cover

Abbreviations inside front cover

Reference Maps 112–119

Political United States 112–113

Physical United States 114–115

Political World 116–117

Physical World 118–119

Glossary 120–121

State Facts 122–123

Index 124–128

Thematic Index inside back cover

Page 93

Page 107

Page 67

PHOTO CREDITS

Credit abbreviations

GI Getty Images GC The Granger Collection, New YorkHA Hulton Archives LOC Library of CongressNW North Wind Picture Archive SB Stock BostonTLP Time & Life Pictures TS Tony Stone

Front cover Left, John Eastcott/YVA Momatiuk/SB, Right, Stock MontageBack cover Top, Frank Driggs Collection/GI, Bottom, TLP/GI2 Top, Patrick Curtet/Point de Vue, Bottom, GC 3 GC 7D ClaudiaZiegler/Anzenberger Agency/Jupiter Images 8CWolfgang Kaehler 9A FransLemmens/GI 10A GC 11D Simeone Hunter/TS/GI 12A Paul Chesley/TS/GI13D Don Farrall/GI 15C Patrick Curtet/Point de Vue 20B NW 22A HaraldSund/GI 23E Kindra Clineff/TS 29E GC 31D Stock Montage 32D GC33H NW 35E NW 36A HA/GI 38A GC 39D Chris Johns/ National

Geographic/GI 40B Stock Montage 41D GC 42A Jake Rajs/TS/GI 44B GC45D GC 47C GC 48A John Eastcott/YVA Momatiuk/SB 51F GC 57C TerryFarmer Photography 58A Dave Bartruff/SB 59D Selmar Rush Seibert/TLP/GI60B GC 61E GC 63D Idaho State Historical Society 64B Archive Photos 67D GC68A GC 69E LOC, LC-DIG-ppmsc-01627 70C LOC, LC-USZ62-97319 75C LOC,LC-USZC4-7934 75C GC 76A LOC, LC-USZC4-3859 77E GC 79E Frank DriggsCollection/GI 79F GC 88 FPG International LLC 81E LOC, Lewis Wickes Hine,LC-DIG-nclc-00753 83C Culver Picture Inc./Superstock 84C TLP/GI 86A HA/GI87E LOC, LC-USZ62-133825 88A GC 89E GC 90A TLP/GI 91E US CoastGuard/TLP/GI 92A Central Press/GI 94A FPG International LLC 96BWalterSanders/TLP/GI 98C AP Photo 100B Philip J. Griffiths/Magnum Photos 101ECosta Manos/Magnum Photos 102A altrendo images/GI 105D RobertGiroux/GI 106A Ariel Skelley/GI 109D Ulf Wallin/TS/GI 110D DavidMcNew/GI 111GMichael Newman/PhotoEdit

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The United States Before the Civil War

Ohio

R.

Lake

Mic

higa

n

LakeHuron

Lake Erie

L. Ontario

Mississippi R.

G ulf of M e xic o

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mobile

Atlanta

Buffalo

Boston

Providence

Albany

New York City

PhiladelphiaBaltimore

Pittsburgh

Richmond

Charleston

New Orleans

Memphis

St. Louis

Chicago

Louisville

Cincinnati

UnorganizedTerr.

ME

VTNH

MANY

CTRI

NJ

DE

PA

VA

MD

NC

SC

FL

GA

ALMS

TX

LA

AR

TN

MO

KansasTerr.

IA

WI

IL IN

MI

OH

KY

N

Northern andSouthern Economies

0 100

0

200 miles

200 kilometers100

Political boundaries of 1860

Major Agricultural Regions

Dairy cattle, hayCorn, wheatCotton

RiceSugarTobacco

Major Economic CentersTextilesOther manufacturingOther city

Represents 2,000 slaves

By 1861 the United States stretched to the Pacific andconsisted of 34 states and 8 organized territories.

� The South covered a larger area, but the North wasmore populous and had more cities.

� The North had a mixed economy based on a varietyof crops and on manufacturing of many kinds.

� The Southern economy relied oncash crops (crops grown for sale),especially cotton. Itsplantations, in turn,relied on slaves.

AA For Southerners, slavery was bothan economic and a political issue.Without unpaid slave labor, fewSouthern cash crops could begrown and harvested at a profit.Compare this map withmap C on page 27.

1,768

Cotton exported (millions of pounds)

1860

1840

1820

744

128

54

B Southern Cotton Exports

Between 1820 and 1860, textile mills both in the Northand in Europe came to rely on Southern cotton. Themore cotton it grew, the more the South came to relyon slavery.

more atUSHAtlas.com

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San Francisco

Chicago

St. Louis Cincinnati

Atlanta

Baltimore

Richmond

New York CityBuffalo Boston

Raleigh

Sacramento

Charleston

New Orleans

Philadelphia

Center of Population

Population Densityand Major Cities

1860

People perSq. Km

Under 22 to 4545 to 90Over 90

Under 11 to 17

17 to 35Over 35

People perSq. Mile

9AUSH_054_055_M_popdensity.eps

ERA

5Civil War and Reconstruction1820–1877

Ohio

R.

Lake

Mic

higa

n

LakeHuron

Lake Erie

L. Ontario

Mississippi R.

Gu lf o f M exic o

ATLANTICOCEAN

Mobile

Atlanta

Buffalo

Boston

Providence

Albany

New York City

PhiladelphiaBaltimore

Pittsburgh

Richmond

Charleston

New Orleans

Memphis

St. Louis

Chicago

Louisville

Cincinnati

UnorganizedTerr.

ME

VTNH

MANY

CTRI

NJ

DE

PA

VA

MD

NC

SC

FL

GA

ALMS

TX

LA

AR

TN

MO

KansasTerr.

IA

WI

IL IN

MI

OH

KY

N

Northern andSouthern Economies

0 100

0

200 miles

200 kilometers100

Political boundaries of 1860

Major Agricultural Regions

Dairy cattle, hayCorn, wheatCotton

RiceSugarTobacco

Major Economic CentersTextilesOther manufacturingOther city

Represents 2,000 slaves

9AUSH_054_055_M_indust.eps

OR

New MexicoTerr.

DakotaTerr.

AR

MO

IA

KS

LAFL

IL

MS

IN OH

KY

TN

AL GA

SC

NC

VA

PA

MDDE

NJ

NYCT

RI

MA

VT

NH

ME

WI

MN

TX

Nebraska Terr.

ColoradoTerr.

UtahTerr.

NevadaTerr.

WashingtonTerr.

IndianCountry

PublicLand

CA

MI

Washington, D.C.

United States1861

International boundaryState boundaryTerritorial or disputedboundaryNational capital

9AUSH_M_054_055_M_US1861.eps

55

DEleven states entered the Union in 1821–1861: seven free (California, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Oregon, Wisconsin) and four slave (Arkansas, Florida, Missouri, Texas). Compare this map to map D on page 43.

“I believe that this government cannot endure permanently, half slave and half free.”

- A b r A h A m L i n c o L n , 1 8 5 8S p e e c h t o r e p u b L i c A n S t A t e c o n v e n t i o n ,

S p r i n g f i e L d , i L L i n o i S

CA large population provided numerous low-wage workers for Northern industry. Compare this map with those on pages 34 and 35.

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Central Valley

FresnoBakersfield Flagstaff

Los Angeles

Santa Fe

Albuquerque

GrandJunctionDenver

Fargo

Minneapolis

Omaha

Kansas City

Dallas

Houston

Oklahoma CityTulsa

M

I

NV IL

CA

NE

ND

SD

WY

MOKSCOUT

MT

WA

IA

MNOR

ID WI

OK ARMSAZ

NM

LA

TXDust Bowl

Area of severe loss of topsoilArea of moderate loss of topsoilState with population loss, 1930–1940Movement of peopleDestination of Dust Bowl migrants

1930 1933

1929–1940Great Depression puts millions out of work.

1932FranklinRooseveltelected President of U.S.

1929Stock market

crashes.

1931Japan seizes

Manchuria.

1933Hitler elected

Chancellor of Germany.1934–19Dust Bow

The Great Depression and World War II1929–1945

era

8

The stock market crash of 1929 introduced theGreat Depression, worldwide economic hardtimes that lasted more than 10 years.

� In the United States, immigration dropped toits lowest level in nearly 100 years.

� At the same time, the Great Plains sufferedan awful drought. The nation’s breadbasketwas called the “Dust Bowl” for its storms ofblowing soil.

� President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Dealpolicy led to agencies that created jobs andhelped the needy.

Prosperity Ends, Immigration Slows

more atUSHAtlas.com

AOver-farming and severedrought caused huge dust stormson the Great Plains that destroyed cropsand even buried houses. Thousands offarm families were forced to find work elsewhere.

WA

OR

NV

ID

UT

AZNM

CO

WY

ND

SD

NE

KS

OK

TX LA

ALGA

FL

SC

NC

VA

PA

NY

WV

TN

KY

AR

MO

IA

WI

ILIN

OH

MNMT VT

NHMA

ME

RICT

NJDEMD

MS

MI

CA

The GreatDepression

15%–25%Over 25%

Over 15% of peopleon relief, 1933

Over 15% of banks suspended operations,1933

Unemployment Rate1929–1940

BAt the end of 1933—the worst year ofthe Great Depression—over 1 millionfamilies received government assistance.The number could have been larger,but many were too proud to acceptpublic help.

82more at

USHAtlas.com

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PACIFIC OCEAN

ATLANTICOCEAN

INDIANOCEAN

INDIANOCEAN

SOUTHERN OCEAN

ARCTIC OCEAN

N

CANADIAN

MEXICAN

GERMAN

FRENCH ITALIANAUSTRIAN

UNITED STATES

1938–1940 Immigrants flee Europeas World War II approaches.

1933 Depression-era immigration sinksto 23,068: lowest level since 1831.

1

2

Immigrants1929 –1945

MovementEthnicityFRENCH

Largest Groups

1940

70,756

1930

241,700Northern & Western EuropeSouthern & Eastern EuropeNorth AmericaSouth AmericaAsia“Brother, can you

spare a dime?”— Y I P H A R B U R G

F R O M A P O P U L A R S O N G O FT H E D E P R E S S I O N E R A

1936 1939 1942 1945

1935Italy invades Ethiopia.

1936Axis formed byGermany and Italy.

1939Germanyinvades Poland.

1941Pearl Harbor

attacked by Japan;U.S. enters war.

1942Japanese Americans sentto U.S. internment camps.

1944D-Day marks Allied

invasion of Normandy.

1945Germanysurrenders.

Atomic bombs dropped on Japan

by U.S.

Japan surrenders.

11934–1938Dust Bowl drives farmers from Great Plains.

1939–1945World War II rages between Allies and Axis.

1943Italy surrenders.

E During the Depression, few people immigrated to America. Many of those enteringthe country were Jews and others persecuted by German and Italian dictatorships.

D Immigrant Origins

In the 1920s, federal quotas resulted in manyprospective immigrants being turned away. Duringthe Great Depression and World War II, the quotaswent half-filled.

C Millions of Americans lost jobs, homes, businesses,and savings during the Depression. Bread lines andsoup kitchens run by private charities offered helpto those who had lost everything.

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