e-forms: saving work or creating stress?
DESCRIPTION
E-forms have benefits, but so do paper forms. To have a successful e-forms project, you need to choose the appropriate level of e-form. This talk also describes several indicators of e-forms project success. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.TRANSCRIPT
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E-forms:saving work or creating stress?
Caroline Jarrett
IPCC, University of Twente, Netherlands, 8 July 2010
FORMS
CONTENT
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Caroline Jarretttwitter @[email protected]
Consultancy: www.effortmark.co.uk
Forms advice: www.formsthatwork.com
Training: www.usabilitythatworks.com
Editing tips: www.editingthatworks.com
Designing for people who do not read easily: www.designtoread.com
Stone, Jarrett, Woodroffe
and Minocha (2005)
User interface design
and evaluation
Morgan Kaufmann
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Jarrett and Gaffney (2008)
Forms that work:
Designing web forms for
usability
Morgan Kaufmann
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Online forms offer potential benefits
Cost savings
Customer service improvements
Environmental benefits
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But paper forms also offer benefits
• If the form arrives as paper, why not carry on?
• Paper forms can be easier– Easier to copy from last year’s form– Easier to share with another user– Easier to read and flip– Easier to start and stop
• Unlikely to crash
4Jarrett, C. (2006) “Why do people persist with paper forms?”
http://www.usabilitynews.com/news/article3385.asp
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Outline Two examples from the UK
Choosing the right level of E-Form
Indicators of likely project success
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Case studies Two examples from the UK:
1. Ugly but effective
2. Usable but defective
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Paper form: sometimes need to report ‘no payment due’
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Usable but defective:the story of Tax Credits Online
• ‘Tax credit’ is a means-tested payment– Aims to reduce the ‘poverty gap’, where low-paid workers lose more in
state benefits than they gain in wages when moving into work– Mostly for families with children
• User experience:– Forms were somewhat simpler than the previous benefit– Complicated rules about changes in circumstances– Online application system, extensively tested for usability
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Tax Credits Online closed in 2005
• Attack by organized gangs
• Still has not reopened
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Outline Two examples from the UK
Choosing the right level of E-Form
Indicators of likely project success
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There are five levels of ‘online’ to consider, of increasing technological complexity
1 Print-on-demand
2 Fill-and-print
3 Intelligent electronic forms
4 Enterprise-enabled
Complete business applications
14Killam, R. (2009) “Forms Management: What Forms Managers Think About” User Experience Magazine: Volume 8, Issue 2
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Form taken from a .pdf leaflet explaining what you have to do
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This is the start of the fillable .pdf
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Screenshot from the (free) HRS Proenterprise-enabled software
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As the level of integration increases, you’ll probably need to make more changes
1. Print-on-Demand
2. Fill-and-print
3. Intelligent electronic
forms
4. Enterprise-enabled
5. Complete business
applications
• Change the form number?
• Remove paper-only language
Add instructions about filling
• Pages appear according to
previous inputs
• New pages to handle responses
from the application
• Should be a whole new approach
to get maximum value
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Outline Two examples from the UK
Choosing the right level of E-Form
Indicators of likely project success
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A typical last-century schematic for a data capture process
20Jarrett, C. (2000) Understanding the costs of data capture: paper, automatic, and with the Internet. CIMTECH
http://www.formsthatwork.com/files/Articles/DataCaptureCosts.pdf
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A typical 2010 schematic for a data capture process
21http://www.dataentrysolution.com/subdivision-14-Data-capture.html
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Well-understood business process:watch the people deal with the paper
• Start with the post room
• Follow through every part of
the process
• Find out how they deal with
errors and exceptions
Jarrett, C. (2000) Understanding the costs of data capture: paper, automatic, and with the Internet. CIMTECH
http://www.formsthatwork.com/files/Articles/DataCaptureCosts.pdf
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Indicator for E-forms success:low error rates for paper forms
• Typical error rate for a
complex form?
• 100% (each form has at
least one error)
• Typical error rate for a
good E-forms process?
• 10%?
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Indicator for E-forms success: Clear benefits for user
• Paper forms have benefits– Same form as last time– Easier to share– Easier to read and flip– Easier to copy– Easier to start and stop– Unlikely to crash
• What incentive can you offer
to the user?– Available on demand– Do calculations– Check for (some) errors– Quicker answers
24Jarrett, C. (2006) “Why do people persist with paper forms?”
http://www.usabilitynews.com/news/article3385.asp
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Indicator for E-forms success: High level of web awareness in users
25http://bit.ly/bEMkPB
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Indicator for E-forms success: Appropriate level of security
• How do the users feel about this form?
• Does it capture personal data?
• What are the risks?
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Indicator for E-forms success:Online form is optional, at least at initially
HM Revenue and Customs: P35 (End of year)
• Started with financial incentive (£250, approx € 300)
• Financial incentive reduced each year
• Mandatory for largest businesses, then medium,
then small
• Now mandatory, no incentive, for all but a few exceptions
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Indicator for E-forms success:Don’t try to force 100% compliance
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Stopped
Nannies
Religiousobjection
Care workers
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Summary Choose the right level of E-Form
Indicators for project success:– Well-understood business process– Low error rates for paper forms– Clear benefits for user– High level of web awareness in users– Appropriate level of security– Online form is optional, at least initially– Don’t try to force 100% compliance
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Caroline Jarrett
Caroline is an independent user experience and usability
consultant who specialises in forms: on the web, on
paper, and business processes involving forms.
She particularly likes working with complex government
or financial forms.
Caroline works on a ‘skills transfer’ basis, helping you
and your organisation to learn how to introduce user-
centred design, usability, and better forms.
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