drought policies and plans in china · 中国气象局china meteorological administration zuqiang...

中国气象局中国气象局 China Meteorological Administration

Zuqiang Zhang

National Climate Center, CMA

The WMO Expert Meeting on the National Drought PolicyWashington DC, Jul 14-15, 2011

Drought Policies and Plans in China


Background


Major weather disasters in China( in Percentage)

DroughtFlooding

TCs and Hail

Others


全国干旱频率分布图（%） 1951-2009年

<=10

10 - 20

20 - 30

30- 40

40- 50

50 - 60

>60

Drought Frequency


Structure of Drought Policies

in China


Documents of the Central or local governments on Drought

preparedness and reduction

Documents of the Central or local governments on Drought

preparedness and reduction

National Flood and Drought Plan (2006)

National Contingency Plan for Meteorological Disasters (2010)

National Flood and Drought Plan (2006)

National Contingency Plan for Meteorological Disasters (2010)

Regulation on Drought Control (2009)

Regulation on the Defense against Meteorological Disasters (2010)

Regulation on the Administration of Weather Modification (2002)

Regulation on Drought Control (2009)

Regulation on the Defense against Meteorological Disasters (2010)

Regulation on the Administration of Weather Modification (2002)

Water Law (2002)

Meteorology Law (2004)

Water Law (2002)

Meteorology Law (2004)


Public Community

Efficient mobilization

Sectors

Inter-reaction

Strategy for Natural Disaster Mitigation and Preparedness

Basic Principals for Plan on Disaster Mitigation and relief

Government

Leading Role


DPM Management

Government Leadership

SectorsInter-reaction

Community Mobilization

Organizing and coordinating disaster preparedness and mitigation Providing fund support for infrastructure and disaster relief

Developed the mechanism and platform that ensures inter-sectors emergency response and interaction based on meteorological disaster warning signals is efficient and valid.

Emphasizing the involving of community, NGOs and volunteer Improving training for the community, NGOs and volunteer

Mechanism for DPMMechanism for DPM


National DroughtPlan

Monitoring& Outlook

Recovery

WarningIssuance Preparedness

Rescure &Relief

Emergencymanagement

Response


Drought Daily Monitoring

CI Soil moisture

SPI PDSI

卫星遥感

未来3天降水预报未来7天降水预报

未来10天降水预报未来30天降水预报

Climate Prediction

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

甘肃山西陕西宁夏青海山东西藏河南江苏安徽四川湖北重庆湖南江西云南贵州广西海南广东

省（区）

受旱耕地面积（万公顷）

2月15日 2月8日

Drought Outlook

Drought Impact Assessment

Flow Chart for Drought Monitoring, Outlook and Impact Assessment

Services to Government and

Public Community

Drought rank

Mild, Moderate, Severe, Extreme


Drought Outlook Briefing and Discussion

•NCC have Weekly meeting with National Meteorological satellite Center, National Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Science Academy and provincial Meteorological Services

•About drought monitoring, disasters and assessment.


Outlook on the Drought in the next week


0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

甘肃山西陕西宁夏青海山东西藏河南江苏安徽四川湖北重庆湖南江西云南贵州广西海南广东

省（区）

受旱

耕地面积（万公顷）

2月15日 2月8日

Assessment on the impact of drought on the agriculture area based on the climate outlook



Monitoring& Outlook

RecoveryEmergencymanagement

Response

WarningIssuance

Preparedness

Rescure &Relief


Meteorological Drought Warning Ranks

Persistence2 provincesIII

PersistenceAt least 1

province

3-5

provincesII

PersistenceAt least 2

provinces

More than 5

provincesI

OutlookExtreme

drought

Severe

drought

Criteria

Rank


Multiple means of warning information deliveryMultiple means of warning information delivery

Township information terminal

Agromet information and communication

Weather China websiteChina Xingnong website Telephone

Early-warning platform for public emergencies

Rural meteorological

broadcast

Electronic screen for meteorological

early warningTV weather forecasting

Newspapers Mobile phone

● ● ● ●

Warning Info Delivery systemWarning Info Delivery system


CCTV: more than 50 programs on 10 channels; local TV channels: More than 3,100 weather programs broadcasted every day; China Weather TV channel

TVTV


WebsiteWebsite

The highest daily click rate reached 14.92 million times, ranking the third place among meteorological websites worldwide

www.weather.com.cn


Nationwide SMS users reach over 90 million; In 2009, more than 40 million pieces of warning information were released to the public;

Mobile phone and telephoneMobile phone and telephone

In 2009, monthly average dialing of expert consulting telephone was over 26 million times


LCD Screens: over 43,000 LCD screens have been built mostly in rural areas.

Early warning loud-speakers: 80 thousand loud-speakers are deployed in villages nationwide.

……

Specialized Delivery Networkfor Rural Areas

Township information terminal



Monitoring& Outlook

RecoveryEmergencyManagement

Response


Rescure &Relief


Emergency Management Response

Meteorological Drought

Agriculture Drought

Hydrological Drought

Socioeconomic Drought


State Flood

Control and

Drought Relief

Headquarters

China Meteorological Administration

Ministry of Health

Ministry of Agriculture & Forestry

Ministry of Hydrology

Ministry of Civil Affairs

… …

State Council

Office of

Emergency

Management

Multi-Agency Emergency Management Response


Tasks and Actions for Agencies

CMA

Issue monitoring, outlook product with higher frequency Release warning and mitigation guidance Collect drought impacts Conduct weather modification



Agriculture and Forestry

Provide technical guidance to farmer for mitigating drought impacts Enhance wild-fire monitoring and make

preparedness for firefighting



Ministry of Hydrology

Organize and coordinate the drought relief Enhance the collection of hydrological

information Dispatch water supply for drought

mitigation



Health

Make preparedness to deal with the drought-rising food and water security risk

Civil Affairs

Provide fund and goods for drought relief Collect drought-inducing loss or damage

information



Monitoring& Outlook

Recovery


Rescure &Relief

Emergencymanagement

Response


Rescure & relief---water supply


Rescure & relief—relocate fisherman


Rescure & relief—release fund and food



Monitoring& Outlook

RecoveryContingencyResponse


Rescure &Relief


Recovery---replanting


1.0III

1.3II

1.6I

InsuranceIndex

Risk Category

Integrated Risk Index for Rice Planting in Zhejiang Province

Insurance Index for Rice PlantingBased on Met Disasters Risk

Recovery- Insurance compensation



Monitoring& Outlook

Recovery

WarningIssuance

Rescure &Relief

Emergencymanagement

Response

Preparedness

中国气象局中国气象局 China Meteorological Administration干旱综合风险区划

Economic Drought

Preparedness---Drought Mapping analysisSocietal Drought

Agriculture Drought Comprehensive Drought


Preparedness---Engineering Measures


Preparedness---Non-Engineering Measures


Nearly 200 Museums and 117 national-level outreach sites have been set up, visited by 8.5 million visitors in total;500 thousand books have been published; 1.4 million LCD screens and wall posters have been set up; 4000 exhibitions have been organized; 130 thousand person-times attended scientific outreach activities.

Preparedness---Non-Engineering Measures


Summary

Public Community

Efficient mobilization

Sectors

Inter-reaction

Government

Leading Role

National Drought

Plan

Monitoring& Outlook

Recovery

WarningIssuance

Preparedness

Rescure &Relief

EmergencyManagement

Response

Thanks for

your attention