drink drive die
TRANSCRIPT
DRINK. R V
Peyton Rogers, Maddi Cobb, Leslie Greene, Maddy Greene, and Aileen Twohig
HPEB 300 – Section 001
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Table of Contents Program Rationale ............................................................................... 3
Needs Assessment ............................................................................... 4
Risk Factors ........................................................................................... 5
Planning Committee Members .......................................................... 6
Mission Statement ............................................................................... 7
Goals ...................................................................................................... 8
Objectives .............................................................................................. 9
Implementation .................................................................................. 10
Social Cognitive Theory .............................................................. 11-12
Gantt Chart ......................................................................................... 13
Program Interventions ...................................................................... 14
Program Resources and Marketing .......................................... 15-17
Staff and Responsibilities ................................................................. 18
Budget…………………………………………………………………………19-20
Evaluation ..................................................................................... 21-23
References ..................................................................................... 24-26
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Program Rationale
According to Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD, 2015), alcohol impairs a person's ability to
safely drive a vehicle, and approximately every 53 minutes, someone is killed in a drunk driving accident, and every 2 minutes someone is injured. There are, however, different significant levels of impairment including 0.02, 0.05, 0.08 (the most important reading), 0.10, and 0.15. When a person has a blood alcohol content of 0.08 things that occur are: muscle coordination becomes poor, it is hard to detect danger, poor judgment, poor self-control, lack of reasoning, and poor memory (MADD, 2015).
According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016), the drivers who are more at risk to drink and drive include young people from the 21 to 24, motorcyclists, and also drivers who have had previous accounts of driving while impaired. Males, however, are three times more likely to have an arrest related to drunk driving compared to women (MADD, 2014), and according to the CDC in 2010, men between the ages of 21 and 34 were responsible for about 32% of all drinking and driving instances.
In Region II in South Carolina alone, which includes Richland County, the total number of respondents who said they drove when they had too much to drink in the last 30 days was 775 people (SCDHEC, 2012). South Carolina’s Department of Health and Environmental Control (2014), also states that of the 4,666 people who reported that they had too much to drink and then drove, the majority were white.
The health problem surrounded by drinking and driving is that consuming alcohol while driving will have adverse effects on a person’s motor skills. Reaction time, muscle control and vision all play a role in our motor skills and operating a vehicle. When consuming alcohol all of these factors are affected and can cause harm to the person driving the vehicle or other people on the road. The target group for our health program intervention are all males in fraternities at USC.
Several benefits can be gained from the “Drink. Drive. Die.” Program offered at the University of
South Carolina. The anticipation of fraternity students increase of knowledge on the topic presented
will be valuable to not only them, but community that they are actively living in. Another benefit of this
program is that a fraternity student may be introduced to a new topic that might not have been
discussed with him before. Also, the program provides the fraternity students to actively participate in
likely situations how drinking can impair motor skills and simulate how it could be driving will
intoxicated. Lastly, this program could attract others in the University of South Carolina community
outside of the fraternity population.
The University of South Carolina’s “Drink. Drive.” program has probable cause to be
effective and successful for multiple reasons. First, the fraternity students at the university are actively
interested in gaining knowledge on how to be safe while drinking. Second, many other similar
programs like “Drink. Drive.” have been successful in reducing alcohol-involved crashes and are cost
saving (“Drunk driving,” 2013). And lastly, the program will meet the needs of the students through
thorough planning by the committee.
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Needs Assessment According to Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD, 2015), alcohol
impairs a person’s ability to safely drive a vehicle. Approximately every 53
minutes, someone is killed in a drunk driving incident, and every 2 minutes
someone is injured. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC,
2016), added that the drivers who are at a higher risk to drink and drive
involve young people ranging from 21-24, motorcyclists, and drivers who
have had previous accounts of driving while impaired. The behavior that
our group will be specifically focusing on is peer influence while also being
a part of Greek life. It is one of the trends we considered to be most important
and more changeable. The target population for Drink, Drive, Die is
predominantly white males ranging from 18-24 years old who are members
of fraternities at USC. The participants included in the program come from
the following fraternities: Alpha Epsilon Pi, Alpha Phi Alpha, Beta Theta Pi,
Chi Psi, Delta Upsilon, Delta Kappa Epsilon, Kappa Alpha Order, Kappa
Sigma, Lambda Chi Alpha, Omega Psi Phi, Phi Beta Sigma, Phi Gamma
Delta, Phi Iota Alpha, Phi Kappa Sigma, Phi Sigma Kappa, Pi Kappa Alpha,
Pi Kappa Phi, Sigma Nu, Sigma Phi Epsilon, Tau Kappa Epsilon, Theta Chi,
and Theta Delta Chi.
More Changeable Less Changeable
More Important Self-Approval Peer Influence Being a Part of Greek
Life Peer Approval
Nighttime Driving Growing up in a Home
Where Parents Routinely Drank
Availability of Alcohol Advertising and Marketing
of Alcohol Alcohol Use Disorder
Less Important Gender Race Age
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Risk Factors
Factor Type
Factor Explanation of relationship with behavior
Predisposing Young males who receive peer approval from their friends and are subjected to peer influence. This also includes their knowledge, attitude, and beliefs about drinking and driving.
Young teen males who receive peer approval and peer influence from their friends, are more likely to think that it is okay to drink and drive before they actually perform the act. They will think it's the right thing to do, which then increases self-approval causing them to drink and drive.
Enabling Young males who are involved in fraternities and may have lack of access to other means of transportation after drinking. This also includes their access to alcohol and a vehicle.
Young males who are apart of fraternities and do not have other means of transportation increases their chances for developing enabling behaviors. If you keep putting yourself in bad environments that have liquor, like fraternities who have constant access to alcohol at events and parties, drinking will continue. If one does not have an available ride after consuming alcohol, one’s own self-approval can cause them to drive instead, because they feel that it is okay.
Reinforcing Peers not telling their friends to not drive after drinking, or letting their intoxicated friends drive after saying they “were not drunk and were fine to drive”.
Peers who do not tell their friends to not drive after drinking, or are telling them they are not that drunk and are fine to drive, are reinforcing drinking and driving behaviors. This gives young males the incentive to drink and drive again because no one is telling them that it is wrong. The support from their friends telling them they are fine to drive makes them continue to think they are invincible behind the wheel.
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Planning Committee Members
Representative of target population: a male fraternity
student from the University of South Carolina
o Matt Brown at USC that has to do community service
for his action of drinking and driving
Representative from Mothers Against Drunk Driving
o Vicki Knox- Chief Operating Officer
Representative from Student’s Against Drunk Driving
o Larry Bailin- Resource Development
Committee/Strategic Planning Committee
Greek conduct board members
o Kennedy Hayes and Ryan McMillen
President of the Fraternity Council
o Joe Stuhrenberg
Representative from the Winningham Foundation
o When permitted funding
Good Leadership that is able to lead our Drinking and
Driving Committee
o Leslie Greene- Chief Officer of Finance Resources
o Peyton Rogers- Chief Officer of Human Resources
o Aileen Twohig- Chief Officer of Technical Resources
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Mission Statement
Our mission is to save young adults at USC from
one of the Nation’s major public health problems-
alcohol impaired driving. Our program saves
lives, one person at a time, by providing students
with some of the best prevention and intervention
tools of available. Through our program,
inspiration, and compassion, we empower our
young drivers to make the right decision to never
drink and drive.
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Goals
The goal of our program is to: increase knowledge
and provide necessary skills, like communication
and social support. With our program in place, we
hope to help prevent future accidents and
potential deaths, which are related to drinking
and driving amongst students on a college
campus.
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Objectives
Process Objectives:
1. By December 31, 2016, program planners will have
confirmed commitments from three university leaders
to serve on the planning committee.
2. By January 31, 2017, program planners will have hired
three health education specialists.
Learning Objectives:
1. Within one month of completing the program, 80% of
participants will be able to identify 3 health risk factors
associated with drinking and driving.
2. Upon completion of the program, 95% of program
participants will be able to list 3 possible negative
consequences of drinking and driving.
Behavioral Objectives:
1. Thirty days upon completion of the program, at least
70% of participants will report not drinking and
driving for at least 15 days of the 30 days.
Outcome Objectives:
1. By the year 2030, the rate of alcohol-related vehicular
deaths in South Carolina will decrease by 10%.
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Implementation
For the program to be implemented, we will:
Reserve a space in Darla Moore Lecture Hall
Pilot test our program
Ensure that the equipment we are using is available upon request: Projector/Screen, Computer, Card swipe machine, and Drunk Goggles.
Contact the Greek Conduct board and President of the Fraternity Council in advance so they are aware of when and where the program is occurring, in order to plan ahead.
Contact Nationwide, MADD Representative and the celebrity guest speaker about our programs plans, in order to get a general idea about travel, hotel and transportation expenses. (i.e. airfare, hotel, food, and other transportation costs)
Order food in advance to ensure that it will be possible for the company.
Contact button manufacturer on order and place order well before scheduled date to ensure buttons will arrive on time
Supplies need to be purchased (i.e. plates, cups, napkins).
We need to make sure our funds are obtained and a budget is created and finalized (program manager).
Good management has to be set in place to ensure that we meet our goals and objectives of the program.
Planners need to let the males, within the fraternities, know about the program they are being mandated on participating in (i.e. through marketing and visits to chapter meetings).
Email registration procedures to all individuals that are participating in the program (a list or chart will be created to document who has/has not registered; emails will contain deadlines and further information in regards to the program).
Ensure that there is seating in Darla Moore for students with disabilities.
Set aside a meeting times with program planners, project managers, program managers, peer leaders, program sponsor and the student health service employee to make sure everything is in place and answer any concerns they may have.
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Social Cognitive Theory
Our group decided to use the Social Cognitive Theory as
the basis of our program. We chose this specific theory because
deciding whether to drink and drive is primarily related to the
environment, your behavior capability, and the individual's
knowledge. Reinforcement contributes to drinking and driving;
the more encouragement or rewards you are receiving about
drinking and driving will influence your behavior, along with
the individual’s expectations of the consequences. “There is
reasonably strong evidence that social anxiety is an important
motivation for drinking in at least a subset of college students.
Several studies suggest that this relationship may be best
understood via a social cognitive model that includes students’
expectancies regarding the anxiolytic and social facilitative
effects of alcohol and their perceived ability to moderate their
alcohol use in socially anxious situation” (Burke & Stephens,
1999, p. 525). All of the reinforcements associated with the SCT
affects drinking and driving: Direct reinforcement-you getting
rewarded/praised for drinking and driving, Vicarious
reinforcement-observing someone else driving after drinking
and it being okay to do it, too, and self-reinforcement which is
your own self appraisal.
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Social Cognitive Theory
Environment Behavior
Individual The constructs used is self-efficacy and
knowledge. If an individual has a higher level
of self-efficacy, then they have a higher
assurance in their capabilities of drinking
heavily without any repercussions rather
than a threat that should be avoided. They
may feel like they have control over their
drinking, haven’t had too much to drink and
will be able to drive home. If people lack
knowledge about how their drinking and
driving habits affect their health and other
people’s lives, they will not have the drive to
change the behavior. An individual needs to
become more knowledgeable about their
drinking in order to prevent the behavior of
getting behind the wheel.
The constructs related to
behavior is peer approval and
behavioral capability. Behavior
is regulated by social reactions.
A person may decide to drive
home after drinking if their
peers approve that they are
okay to drive. When it comes to
behavioral capability people
do things that bring about self-
satisfaction and self-worth and
try to stay away from self-
dissatisfaction. A person
knows what they are doing and
how they are doing it when
they decide to pick up an
alcoholic beverage. If they
better understand the
consequences that come with
the behavior of drinking and
driving, they can prevent the
behavior.
The construct that is related to the environment is reciprocal
determinism. An individual’s behavior can be altered when they put
themselves in an environment that has alcohol available or social
environments that include alcohol. When an individual is watching
and observing others drinking and driving without any negative
repercussions, then they most likely will perform that desired
behavior as well. One way to decrease this behavior is by excluding
yourself from environments and people you know will influence your
drinking habits.
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Gantt Chart
√ = planned time frame Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. April May June
Contact, hire, and organize with program facilitators √ √
Organize with leaders in the Priority Population
√
Pilot test the program
√
Refine program based on results
√
Promotion of the program
√
Preparation for program kickoff
√ √
Program implementation
√
Evaluation of the program
√
Write final report
√
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Program Interventions Objective
Type Theory and
construct Intervention
Strategy Possible
Activities
1. Behavioral SCT- behavioral capability
Health Education Classes Seminars Workshops Printed materials
2. Learning SCT- knowledge
Health education Classes Workshops Seminars
3. Environmental SCT- reciprocal
determinism
Health policy/enforcement
Regulations/ordinances
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Program Resources
Supplies: Fliers Napkins Plates Cups Utensils Ice
Equipment: Projector/Screen Computer Carolina Card Swiper Drunk Goggles
Food: Pizza Drinks
Other: Transportation Travel Hotel
Office Space/Rent: Darla Moore Business
School Lecture Hall
Personnel: Mothers Against Drunk
Driving Representative USC Representative Nationwide Representative
(local or national) Celebrity Guest Speaker
(Carolina Panthers) Program Planner/ Program
Manager/ Project Manager/ Program Sponsor or steering committee
Student Health Services Employee
Peer Leader: who has met with the priority population and is able to discuss what the group specifically needs
Greek conduct board: Kennedy Hayes and Ryan McMillen
President of the Fraternity Council: Joe Stuhrenberg
When receive funding, we will need a representative from the Winningham Foundation
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Marketing
In order to promote the Drink, Drive, Die program, our staff
has set up a number of different promotional tools and
incentives to help the young men of the University of South
Carolina become aware and excited for the program kickoff.
Here is the list of those Promotional Tools and Incentives we
will be using:
Social Media
Tweet from USC account Emails from chapter Presidents reminding members
of the event Emails from Fraternity council to members reminding
them of event
Other Chapter visits from student representatives
(announcement of celebrity guest speaker) Flyers to leave with fraternity to hand out to members
reminding them of the event
Incentives Loyalty points
Promotional buttons Free food
Celebrity guest speaker Chapter excellence points
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Drive Hammered.
Get Slammered.
DUI Informational Meeting!!
Who: All fraternity men!
What: Informational meeting about why to not
drink and drive!
Where: Darla Moore School of Business Lecture
Hall
When: April 23rd 2017, Session A: 10:00-12:00, B:
12:30-2:30, C: 3:00-5:00, D: 5:30-7:30
Why: To learn some important facts!
Brought to you by: Mothers Against Drunk Driving, Nationwide, and the
students and staff of the University of South Carolina
With guest speaker CAM NEWTON!
Pizza and refreshments will be provided
COME ONE, COME ALL!!
Example of the Promotional Flyer
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Staff and Responsibilities
Title Job Description
Project Managers/Program Planners Assigned to various projects within the program to
ensure quality work.
Program manager/director Setting and reviewing objectives, coordinating
activities, making sure that they work we put forth
achieves the outcome specified, negotiates changes in
plans.
Program sponsors/steering committee Oversee the implementation, providing and
interpreting policy, periodically reviewing program
progress.
Human Resources Management:
PADS, Financial Management
After funds are allocated and the program budget has
been created. (accounting, audits).
Human Resources Management:
Technical Resources Management
Other resources (equipment, information, materials,
space, supplies, expertise)
Mothers Against Drunk Driving representative Provides the students with knowledge and personal
stories of drinking and driving to reach an emotional
level. Also to fund the program
USC staff To provide the Business Building and help set up for
the program
Nationwide representative To talk about the risks of drinking and driving and
insurance policies that can come along. Also
providing funding money to help create program
Celebrity guest speaker Connect with the students at a more personal level
and to help program achieve end goal of decreases
accidents/deaths related to cause
Student Health Services employee Provide ways of dealing with a problem like
alcoholism (support groups)
Peer leader Conduct sessions and hand out pre and post tests
Greek conduct board and President of Fraternity
Council, Joe Stuhrenberg
Provide information related to Greek life and
consequences of alcohol related accidents
External Evaluation consultant Conduct the external evaluation and provide
program planners with data
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Budget
Drink, Drive, Die Program Budget
Units Needed Cost (in dollars)
Personnel:
Nationwide Representative 1 5,000
MADD Representative 1 5,000
Celebrity Guest Speaker2 1 5,000
Greek Conduct Board Members 3 0
Student Health Services Employee
1 0
Peer Leaders 3 0
Program Planners 5 0
External Evaluation Consultant 1 1,000
Total Personnel 16 units $16,000
Supplies:
Buttons 5,500 4,500
Flyers 250 6,000
Plates (600 per pack) 4 600
Napkins (600 per pack) 4 240
Utensils (600 per pack) 4 400
Cups (100 per pack) 20 130
Ice (20 pound bag) 10 25
Total Supplies 5,792 units $11,895
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Equipment:
Projector/Screen1 1 0
Card Swipe Machine1 1 0
Computer1 1 0
Drunk Goggles 3 150
Total Equipment 6 units $150
Food:
Pizza 400 4,000
Drinks (2 liter soft drinks) 200 400
Total Food 600 units $4,400
Other:
Travel 4 4,400
Hotel 4 3,000
Office Space 1 1,000
Total Other: 9 units $8,400
Total Budget: 6,423 units $40,845
1: in-kind through University of South Carolina
2: in-kind through program planner connections
Budget continued…
Nationwide, who is the sponsor for MADD missions, will sponsor
us $20,000 for Spring 2017 semester, in order to help pay for our
program. Additional funding will come from the Winningham
foundation when approved ($20,845).
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Evaluation:
Process Evaluation
Our process objectives for the program are to have confirmed commitments from three
university leaders to serve on the planning committees by no later than December 31, 2016
and to have hired three health education specialists by no later than January 31, 2016. With
these objectives in place and those personnel hired, we will assess the quality of our program
by performing a mixture of process and formative evaluation techniques. This is in hopes to
improve our program components before the implementation and during it to provide
exemplary services to our targeted population. The type of formative evaluation we felt that
best fit our program was pilot testing because it provides the chance to test the entire
implementation with a small portion of the priority population before exposing it to the entire
priority population. After completion of the pilot test, we will then have the participants take
a survey on how they felt about the program: the content, the population it was directed at,
what was their favorite issue discussed, etc.
Impact Evaluation
We plan on doing a pre-test before the first seminar and then a post test in the beginning of
the second seminar so knowledge and behavior can be measured. To gather the data and
information to measure results, we plan on using Khaoot, which is an interactive site where
participants can be involved and a score can be kept for each question. Our learning objectives
for this program are as followed: within one month of completing the program, 80% of
participants will be able to identify 3 health risk factors associated with drinking and driving
and then upon completion of the program, 95% of program participants will be able to list 3
possible negative consequences of drinking and driving. With that knowledge in place, our
program hopes that the following behavioral objective will be met: thirty days upon
completion of the program, at least 70% of participants will report not drinking and driving
for at least 15 days of the 30 days. Then, by the year 2030, hopefully the rate of alcohol-related
vehicular deaths in South Carolina will decrease by at least 10%.
22
Pre-program evaluation 1. Which best describes you age?
a. 18-20 years old c. 24+ years old
b. 21-23 years old
2. What year are you in college?
a. Freshman c. Junior
b. Sophomore d. Senior
3. Is English your primary language? If no, please state what it is.
a. Yes b. No: ______________
4. Which would best describe your living arrangement?
a. On campus in a dorm by yourself
b. On campus in a dorm with 1-2 roommates
c. On campus in a dorm with 3+ roommates
d. Off campus in an apartment by yourself
e. Off campus in an apartment with 1-2 roommates
f. Off campus in an apartment with 3+ roommates
g. Other: ______________
5. How often have you consumed alcohol in the past week?
a. 1-2 times c. 5+ times
b. 3-4 times
6. How often have you driven after consuming alcohol in the past week?
a. 1-2 times c. 5+ times
b. 3-4 times
7. How many times were peers an influence in your decision making while consuming
alcohol in the past week?
a. 1-2 times c. 5+ times
b. 3-4 times
8. How likely are you to change your behavior at the moment?
a. Very Likely c. Unlikely
b. Likely d. Very Unlikely
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Post-program evaluation
1. Which best describes your age?
a. 18-20 years old c. 24+ years old
b. 21-23 years old
2. What year are you in college?
a. Freshman c. Junior
b. Sophomore d. Senior
3. Is English your primary language? If no, please state what is.
a. Yes b. No: _______________
4. After completion of the Drink, Drive, Die program, how often have you consumed
alcohol in the past week?
a. 1-2 times c. 5+ times
b. 3-4 times
5. After completion if the Drink, Drive, Die program, how often have you driven after
consuming alcohol in the past week?
a. 1-2 times c. 5+ times
b. 3-4 times
6. After completion of the Drink, Drive, Die program, how many times were peers an
influence in your decision making while consuming alcohol in the past week?
a. 1-2 times c. 5+ times
b. 3-4 times
7. How likely are you to change your behavior after the completion of the program?
a. Very Likely c. Unlikely
b. Likely d. Very Unlikely
8. Please write anything you enjoyed about the program.
9. Please write anything you would change about the program.
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