Drawing Instruments1. Drawing Board2. Drawing Sheet3. Instrument Box containing compass, dividers etc)4. T-squares5. Set squares6. Scales7. Protractors8. Flexible and French Curves9. Drawing Pencils10. Erasers11. Adhesive Tape12. Sharpener13. Duster

Objectives in Drawing

1. Accuracy2. Speed3. Legibility4. Neatness

Drawing Instruments(Drawing Board)

This is the hard stable surface that can be tuned to some angle, where the drawing sheet is placed for easier positioning and convenience during drawing.

Drawing Instruments(Drawing Board)

•The drawing board should be adjustable so that it can be adjusted at the correct angle at the time of usage and type of drawing being made e.g., sketching/drafting or normal scale drawing.

•Factors to consider when choosing a drawing board include , height of the board, degree of rotation, size, portability and size.

Drawing Instruments(Drawing Board)

•Instruments such as compasses ,eraser shield and other sharp instruments should be kept horizontally on the board when not in use to avoid scratches on the board.

•Kept away from liquids and food particles.

•Wooden ones should also be kept away from direct sunlight and kept in cool dry place and wiped regularly.

Drawing Instruments(Maintenance of Drawing Board)

Drawing Instruments(Drawing Sheets)•These are papers that are specially designed for drafting.

•Drawing papers are of various sizes starting with A0 which is the largest having an area of one square meter.

•Each smaller sheet size is exactly half the area of the previous size in the following order of decreasing size A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6

Drawing Instruments(Drawing Sheets)

Drawing Instruments(Drawing Sheets)• The choice of the size of the paper to use depends on what is being drawn and the overall look that the drawer wants to achieve.• To make a drawing, spread the paper on the drawing board, clip it onto the board or use a masking tape and then set the drawing at a suitable angle that is comfortable and convenient for drawing.• For safe storage of papers, small size ones like A3 can be kept in folders while large size papers like A1 can be kept in poster tubes.

Drawing Instruments(Instrument Box)Bow SetsGiant bow sets contain various combinations of instruments.

Bow CompassThe giant (large) bow compass has a center wheel and can be adjusted simply by opening or closing the legs of the compass while turning the center wheel.

Drawing Instruments(T-squares)The T-square is made of a long strip called the blade, fastened at right angles to a shorter piece called the head.

Drawing Instruments(Set-squares or Triangles)

TrianglesMost inclined lines are drawn at standard angles using the 45º x 45º triangle and the 30º x 60º triangle.In addition to drawing angles of 90º, 45º, 30º, and 60º, triangles can be combined to draw angles of 15º increments.

Drawing Instruments(Scales)ScalesScales are instruments used in making technical drawings full size or at a given reduction or enlargement.

Types of scales include metric scales, engineers’ scales, decimal scales, mechanical engineers’ scales, and architects’ scales.

Scales are usually made of plastic or boxwood and are either triangular of flat in shape.

Drawing Instruments(Protractors)

• Protractors are used for measuring and laying off angles other than those that may be drawn with the triangle or a combination of triangles.

• Like the triangle, most protractors are made of transparent plastic. They are either circular or semicircular in shape.

Drawing Instruments(Flexible and French Curves)Flexible Curves:

• It is a flexible square metal core covered with wear-resistant plastic.

• It is used to transfer a curve to another material by using control points to hold it in position and bending the curve to retain shape.

• Flexible curves are, however, delicate and if forced into a tight curve it will break.

Drawing Instruments(Flexible and French Curves)French Curves:• It is a template made of

plastic composed of many different curves.• It is used to draw smooth

curves of varying sizes by finding the section of the curve that matches the desired shape on the profile of the curve.

Drawing Instruments(Pencils)

Drawing Instruments(Pencils)

• In finished drawing, all lines (except construction lines- used to construct the drawing) should be dense, clean and uniform. •Construction line should be drawn very thin and should be hardly visible in the finished drawing ( they should not be erased).

•Drawings are done using 2H pencils and finished with H and HB pencils – to be practiced in this course.

Drawing Instruments(Erasers, Masking Tapes)