dr. anand srinivasan. what is anatomy? anatomy is the study of structure of body and the physical...
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Study of anatomy at macroscopic levelTRANSCRIPT
Dr. ANAND SRINIVASAN
What is Anatomy? Anatomy is the study of structure of body and
the physical relationships involved between body systems
Branches Gross Anatomy Microanatomy Embryology Radiologic Anatomy Surface Anatomy Osteology Neuroanatomy
Study of anatomy at macroscopic level
Study of Anatomy at microscopic level
Study of development from fertilization to fetus stage
Study of Anatomy using radiographs, MRI, CT scans, ultrasound etc.
Study of anatomical structures without dissection
Study of Bones
Study of nervous system
Is the standard reference point in which all positions, movements, and planes are described
Standing erect Body is upright Head facing forwards Arms at the sides Palms facing forwards Feet together
Median / Sagittal Right & Left
Coronal Anterior & Posterior
Transverse Upper & Lower
Medial / LateralAnterior (Ventral)/ Posterior (Dorsal)
Superior Refers to a structure
being closer to the head or higher than another structure in the body
Inferior Refers to a structure
being closer to the feet or lower than another structure in the body
Distal Refers to a structure
being further away from the root of the limb than another structure in the limb
Proximal Refers to a structure
being closer to the root of the limb than another structure in that limb
Superficial Refers to a structure
being closer to the surface of the body than another structure
Deep Refers to a structure
being closer to the core of the body than another structure
Supine Lying face up
Prone Lying face down
Unilateral Pertaining to one side
Bilateral Pertaining to both sides
Flexion Bending a joint or decreasing the angle between two bones
Extension Straightening a joint or increasing the angle between two bones
Adduction Moving a body part towards the midline of the body
Abduction Moving a body part away from the midline of the body
Pronation Turning the arm
downward Supination
Turning the arm
Opposition Movement of the
thumb across the palm of the hand.
Rotation Turning on a single axis
Circumduction Circular motion
Medial rotation Rotation toward the midline
Lateral rotation Rotation away from the midline
Lateral Flexion Side-bending
Retraction Moving a part
backward
Protraction Moving a part forward
Elevation Raising a part
Depression Lowering a part
Inversion Turning the sole of
foot inward Eversion
Turning the sole of foot outward
Dorsiflexion Ankle movement
bringing the foot towards the shin
Plantarflexion Ankle movement
pointing the foot downward