What you Need to Know:Westward Expansion
Pages 61 through 75 of workbook
Manifest Destiny
• It is the destiny of America to expand all the way to the Pacific
• It encouraged people to move west• It increased nationalism• It created tension between the north and the
south (sectionalism)
Northwest OrdinanceResults of adding this territory:Provided guidelines for adding new states to the Union over time. Key Ideas:States that entered would be equal to the original 13Westward expansion increased “nationalism”
Louisiana PurchaseKey Ideas:• 1803-President
Thomas Jefferson made the purchase
• Doubled size of U.S.• Increased
nationalism• Made people want
to move westward to the frontier
• Increased “nationalism”
Monroe Doctrine• Key Ideas:• President Monroe issued it• European countries cannot settle or create
colonies in the Americas – not in North America or South America
• Mexico had declared independence and had all the territory that previously belonged to Spain in North America
• Increased “nationalism”
Missouri Compromise Key Ideas:• Cotton Gin had been invented
so southerners wanted to grow more cotton- need slaves
• Southerners wanted new states to be slave states
• Northerners did not • Compromise reached – 1821
Missouri would enter U.S. as a SLAVE state if Maine came in as a FREE state
• Line drawn – no slavery above that line
• Caused “tension” between north and south
Mexico
Key Ideas:• Mexico won independence from
Spain 1821• They invited Americans to come live
in Texas because their were too many dangerous indians there
• The Americans who move there end up wanting to be independent from Mexico
• Americans fight for and win independence from Mexico – Texas becomes a “Republic”
• Increased “nationalism”
War for Texas IndependenceKey Ideas:1820’s through 1840’s – Americans moving to Texas even though it belonged to Mexico• Americans living in Texas
become unhappy with Mexican government – want to be independent
• They fight for independence• Texas becomes an
independent republic• Texas wants to become a
slave state in the U.S. • Increased “nationalism”• Created “tension” between
North and South
War with MexicoKey Ideas:• Congress decided to admit
Texas into the Union as a slave state
• Mexico did not recognize Texas independence
• California but Mexico did not want to sell
• The U.S. provoked a war with Mexico by crossing the Rio Grande border – the U.S. had tried to buy Texas and California before – Mexico said no
• U.S. won the war, gained Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and CA – “Mexican Cession”
Mexican Cession
Key Ideas:• After the U.S. won the war, they paid
Mexico for the land seen in the map on the left
• The Treaty was called the “The Treaty of Guadelupe Hidalgo”
• Later, the U.S. purchased the lower portion in the “Gadsden Purchase”
• Created “nationalism”• Caused “tension” because once
again, people worried – would these new territories be slave or free?
Indian RemovalKey Ideas:• Indians were forced to
Oklahoma because Americans wanted their land
• Many southerners wanted Cherokee land to grow cotton
• “Cherokee Trail of Tears” just one example of the mistreatment of Natives
• Created “nationalism”• As those lands were cleared
– it created “tension” because slavery was spreading west
Gold is discovered in CaliforniaKey Ideas:• Gold is discovered in California
in 1849• Created “tension” between
Northern and southern states • Compromise of 1850• California enters the Union as a
FREE state• Fugitive Slave Act is passed to
pacify the south
Label Your MapsOutline:• Northwest
Ordinance states
• Louisiana Purchase
• Texas Annexation
• Missouri and the Compromise Line
• Mexican Cession
• California