WEATHERADVENTURE IN LEARNING LESSON
6 2 8 2 C r a n b e r r y R o a d | F i n l a n d , M N 5 5 6 0 3 - 9 7 0 0 | 2 1 8 - 3 5 3 - 7 4 1 4 | w w w. w o l f - r i d g e . o r g
Lesson DescriptionWeather is happening all around us all the time. In this lesson participants will learn how different changes in the atmo-sphere happen, including wind, clouds, and temperature. Using what they have learned, participants then become meteo-rologists themselves and predict the weather in their area.
Guiding QuestionHow can we observe and predict the weather?
Concepts1. Weather changes in predictable ways.2. Temperature, wind speed and direction, clouds, humidity, and air pressure are all ways to describe the current state of
the atmosphere.3. Warm and cold air colliding creates clouds, wind, and storms.
OutcomesUpon completion of this lesson the individual will be able to:• Measure and describe the current state of the atmosphere, including air temperature, cloud type, and wind speed and direction.• Recall that winds, clouds, and precipitation occur when warm and cold air collide with one another.• Predict the chance of rain and the trend in temperature for the next 12 hours using wind direction.
Minnesota Academic Standards in Appendix
2
WEATHER
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Here is an example ot the StoryMap. Students scroll through the screens.
Three ways to do this Weather lessonRecommendedThe online Earthworks StoryMap presentation has everything you need! Click to start, then scroll through the pictures, questions, videos, and links. Do the suggested activities along the way. Follow this Weather StoryMap link, or have students start from the Earthworks Adventures in Learning web page on Wolf Ridge's website.
1. Read the following lesson plan for overview, activity information, and MN State Standards.
2. Share link to the lesson’s StoryMap, a virtual presentation with pictures, videos, questions, and links to activities.
3. Open the link and scroll through the StoryMap presentation and watch video.
4. Within the StoryMap, there are links to PDF’s containing activities.5. Additionally, the StoryMap contains links to worksheets with two
options for accessing:a. Link to PDF- Use this link if would like to print or respond to
questions in a journal.b. Link as a Google Doc (with force copy) - Use this link to create
a copy of the document in your Google Drive. We recommend saving the copied file as “student name – name of lesson”.
6. Once complete the student can be instructed to share the file with the teacher.
If Internet access is an issueThe teacher or parent reads through this lesson plan, then prints the handouts, to distribute. You are looking at the whole lesson plan right now, which includes all handouts. Here are links to individual handout pages if you prefer. Earthworks Story. Elements of Art Activity. Make Your Own Earthwork Activity. Nature Journal Activity. Send printed materials to students for them to complete at home.
Only have 10 minutes?You can watch the video without using the accompanying educa-tional StoryMap or student activities.
Check back for more lessons and let us know if you have feedback!
3
WEATHER
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Lesson Flow (for those who are NOT using the online StoryMap)
Weather ForecastingRead Weather Forecasting story that is attached.
Activity 1 - Nowcast(See attached Activity: Nowcast worksheet.) Students will also need the Nowcast report sheet and theNowcast handbook.
Students will go outside and collect the current weather data as described on the Nowcast sheets.
Activity 2 - Forecast(See attached Activity: Forecast worksheet.) Students will also need their competed Nowcast report sheet, Forecast hand-book, and Forecast report sheet.
Using the data collected in the Nowcast, students will to make a Forecast.
8th Grade extensionChoose two predictions you made in your forecast, for example, your prediction about cloud cover. In your nature journal, or on a seperate piece of paper, explain the principle that led you to that prediction and what evidence (data) you collected that supports that principle. What are potential weaknesses in your predictions? Why?
AppendixMinnesota Academic Standards4th grade• 1.1.1 Students will be able to ask questions about aspects of the phenomena they observe, the conclusions they draw
from their models or scientific investigations, each other’s ideas, and the information they read.5th Grade• 1.1.1 Students will be able to ask questions about aspects of the phenomena they observe, the conclusions they draw
from their models or scientific investigations, each other’s ideas, and the information they read.• 2.1.1 Students will be able to represent observations and data in order to recognize patterns in the data, the meaning of
those patterns, and possible relationships between variables.6th Grade• 6E.1.2.1.1 Collect data and use digital data analysis tools to identify patterns to provide evidence for how the motions
and complex interactions of air masses result in changes in weather conditions.8th Grade• 3.2.1 Students will be able to apply scientific principles and empirical evidence (primary or secondary) to explain the
causes of phenomena or identify weaknesses in explanations developed by the students or others.
ResourcesCheck out these websites below for more interesting information.
• Weather science activities for kids - https://www.weather.gov/learning• Citizen science - https://www.weather.gov/media/wrn/citizen_science_page.pdf• Jet Stream map - https://www.netweather.tv/charts-and-data/global-jetstream#2020/04/13/0600Z/jetstream/
surface/level/overlay=jetstream/orthographic=-6.72,57.59,712
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WEATHER FORECASTING STORYWelcome to the third episode in the Wolf Ridge Adventures in Learning series! Today, Wolf Ridge naturalists Caroline and Robby are exploring weather and how to predict it. We all have direct experiences with weather everyday, which makes it a really fun thing to observe and understand more.
Weather is a change in the atmosphere, and these changes happen in predictable ways. We can collect data and make observations to predict these changes ourselves. When we study weather we look at three main elements:
clouds
temperature
wind
We can explore these three things, which are called the weather triangle, to figure out the current weather (the nowcast) and the future weather (the forecast).
Making a Nowcast will tell us what’s going on right now, but it will also make it possible to make a forecast next. In order to make a nowcast, we need a few tools.
• thermometer (or access to weather.gov)• cloud chart (in your Nowcast handbook)• Beaufort Scale (Nowcast handbook)• compass (or phone’s compass app)• barometric pressure gauge (or access weather.gov and look up the forecast for your area)• Nowcast weather report sheet (provided in lesson materials)
Here are Robby and Caroline making a Nowcast at Wolf Ridge
After making a Nowcast, Caroline and Robby are joined by Wolf Ridge Weather Expert, Peter Harris, to dive a little deeper into each part of the weather triangle.
TemperatureWhy does our planet even have weather? Why isn’t it just 70 and sunny everyday? Well, our planet earth sits at a tilt of about 23 degrees, spins on its axis, and rotates around the sun. The sun sends heat waves to the earth, and due to how the earth is tilted, spins, and rotates heat is sent to earth unevenly. This gives us night, day, and the seasons. It also causes some areas to be warmer (the equator) than others (the poles) creating large amounts of warm and cold air.
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WindWind results from hot and cold air colliding. When heat and cold push up against each other, they get the molecules in our atmosphere moving. Wind speed and direction helps predict if atmosphere conditions will stay the same or change. Meteo-rologists measure where the wind comes from, not where it’s going.
Jet StreamDue to the cold air at the poles and warm air at the equator wanting to change spots, and with the rotation of the earth, air moves in some predictable patterns. The energy released from large cold and warm air masses colliding propels global winds which circle the earth. These winds are called jet streams.See if you can figure out which jet stream passes over where you live.
CloudsWarm and cold air colliding creates clouds. Clouds usually form from decreasing the temperature or decreasing the air pressure. Cloud type and changes in clouds helps predict if atmosphere conditions will stay the same or change.
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Pressure SystemsLow and high pressure systems spin and move weather around! When we talk about low and high pressure, we are talking about air. In a low pressure system, the air above us is light. When we talk about high pressure systems, the air above us is really heavy.
Low pressure systems suck warm and cold air together at the surface of the earth and gather up moisture.
High pressure pushes air down to the surface where it spreads out.
Let’s practice this with our bodies!First we’ll be a low pressure system.• Get down in a low squat and reach your hands out. This is the cold and warm air at the earth’s surface• Now rise up and bring your hands together. This is the low pressure sucking the warm and cold air together and bringing
it up into the atmosphere• Now create whatever weather you want: rain, snow, clouds! When the warm and cold are mix high in the atmosphere
they create exciting weather events.
Now a high pressure system.• Stand tall with your hands together. All the air high in the atmosphere is the same temperature.• Squat down and push your hands down in front of you. The high pressure pushes the air down to the surface of the earth
on sunny days with no weather events.
Putting it all togetherHere’s Wolf Ridge Naturalist, Peter Harris, modeling temperature, winds, clouds, and pressure systems in a cloud machine.
To make a cloud we need five things: warm air, cold air, water vapor, dust particles, and low pressure.
When wet, warm air and cold air are sucked together high in the atmosphere by low pressure, they form clouds around dust particles!
ForecastingNow that Caroline and Robby have learned what makes weather from their Nowcast and Wolf Ridge Naturalist Peter Harris, it’s time to make their forecast. They use the information they collected, including wind speed, wind direction, and barometric pressure to predict the weather.
Ever wanted to be a meteorologist, like the people reporting the weather on TV? Now’s your chance! Go to the lesson ac-tivities to make your own Nowcast and Forecast.
Image sourcesEarth’s tilt: https://tasks.illustrativemathematics.org/content-standards/HSG/MG/A/1/tasks/1140Jetstream: https://scijinks.gov/jet-stream/
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ACTIVITY: NOWCAST
First you will complete a nowcast. In other words, what’s happening with the weather right now. Not only does this clue us into the current weather, it will also help us predict the future weather later. To do this you will need:
• paper and pencil• Nowcast handbook and Nowcast report sheet• thermometer (if you have one)• compass (most phones have one)• access to weather.gov
Go outside to complete your Nowcast! You can step right outside your door or go further if you’d like. Follow the Nowcast report sheet to figure out what data you will collect.
Helpful hints• Determine the wind speed by using the Beaufort scale in your Nowcast handbook.• Use your compass for wind direction.• For air temperature use your thermometer or look it up on weather.gov.• Wind chill/heat index: use Handbook charts.• Extreme temperatures: use a thermometer if you have one, or skip this.• Barometric pressure: find on weather.gov for your location.
WINDSpeed: _____ miles per hour.
Direction Coming From: ___________________(circle one of the points on the compass rose.)
The current weather tel ls the weather of the future!
NOWCAST WEATHER REPORT
PRECIPITATION
Kind: rain sleet snow hail
Intensity: light moderate heavy
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE__________Hg
Extreme Temperatures: Try to find two locations with the most extreme temperatures.
Location 1 ______________________was ____˚F
Location 2 ______________________was ____˚F
CLOUDS Circle the types of clouds you see in the sky. Look at shape and height.
Trend: rising falling steady
Percent Sky Cover: _______%
0 feet
10,000 feet
6,000 feet
15,000 feet
20,000 feet
25,000 feet
30,000 feet
from
Fra
nk S
chaff
er P
ublic
atio
n
TEMPERATUREAir: ____˚F
Wind Chill: ______˚F (if air< 60˚F) - OR -
Heat Index: _____˚F (if air> 70˚F)
Observation date _____________________ Observation time: _______________________colder
warmer
wetterdryer
LH
Stratocumulus
Nimbostratus
Cirrostratus
Cumulus congestus
Stratus
Cumulus
Altostratus
Cirrus
Cirrocumulus
Cumulonimbus
Altocumulus
ACTIVITY: FORECASTActivity 2 - ForecastThe current weather is the key to predicting the future weather! You will use the data you collected in your Nowcast to make your Forecast. You will need:
• paper and pencil• Nowcast report sheet• Forecast handbook• Forecast report sheet• weather.gov
Remember, you are predicting the weather, so you will be using the data you collected in the Nowcast combined with the information on your Forecast handbook. Have your Nowcast sheet ready to look at for the information you will need.
Helpful hints• The top half of the Forecast report sheet gives you most of the information you
need to interpret the data from your Nowcast.\• The Forecast Handbook gives you additional information.• The forecast sheet refers to changes in barometric pressure: check weather.gov to
see how the barometric pressure has changed since you checked it the first time.
Forecast Report Sheet: Tomorrow's Weather ForecastAnother grand day is forecasted for tomorrow.
You can expect a high temperature in the afternoon of _________°F.
The sky will be (cloudy or clear?) ____________ with a
_______% chance of precipitation.
Winds will be out of the __________ at __________ m.p.h.
OptionalOnce you have finished your forecast, you can put on your weather reporter voice and report the weather to someone in your family!
Extension ActivitiesChoose two predictions you made in your forecast, for example, your prediction about cloud cover. In your nature journal, or on a seperate piece of paper, explain the principle that led you to that prediction and what evidence (data) you collected that supports that principle. What are potential weaknesses in your predictions? Why?
Here are some links to additional education resources on weather.• Weather science activities for kids - https://www.weather.gov/learning• Citizen science - https://www.weather.gov/media/wrn/citizen_science_page.pdf• Jet Stream map - https://www.netweather.tv/charts-and-data/global-jetstream#2020/04/13/0600Z/jetstream/
surface/level/overlay=jetstream/orthographic=-6.72,57.59,712
WEATHER NOWCASTHANDBOOK
from
Fra
nk S
chaf
fer P
ublic
atio
ns
Nimbo - Storm
Cirro - High elevation
Alto - Middle elevationCirrus - High escalator cloud type
Stratus - Low escalator cloud type
Cumulus - Elevator cloud type
Clouds form from warm wet air rising into the air and condensing. Low pressure systems cause clouds to form in two different ways. The air can rise straight up like an elevator (cold front) or it can rise slowly like an escalator (warm front). Cold fronts usually bring thunderstorms or snowsquals and warm fronts result in a steady rain or snow.
Try to find the clouds that look like what you see overhead.
CLOUDS
Stratocumulus
Nimbostratus
Cirrostratus
Cumulus congestus
Stratus
Cumulus
Altostratus
Cirrus
Cirrocumulus
Cumulonimbus
Altocumulus
A. Do the bubbles drift?If true go to B.If false, wind speed = 0 m.p.h.
B. Is the weather vane mov-ing and are needles, leaves rustling?If true go to C.If false, wind speed = 1-3 m.p.h.
C. Is the wind-sock fully extended and needle/leaves and small twigs in constant motion?If true go to D.If false, wind speed = 4-7 m.p.h.
D. Is the wind generator and small branches mov-ing?If true go to E.If false, wind speed = 8-12 m.p.h.
E. Are small trees with leaves, needles swaying?If true go to F.If false, wind speed = 13-18 m.p.h.
F. Are large branches in motion?If true go to G.If false, wind speed = 19-24 m.p.h.
Calculate wind speed at about 10 to 15 feet off the ground. Start at A.
ESTIMATING WIND SPEEDModified Beaufort Scale
G. Are whole trees in motion and do you feel resistance when walking into thewind?If true go to H.If false, wind speed = 25-31 m.p.h.
H. Are twigs breaking off the trees?If true go to I.If false, wind speed = 32-38 m.p.h.
I. Are some shingles flying off roof?If true go to J.If false, wind speed = 39-46 m.p.h.
J. Are trees being uprooted near clear-ings?If true go to K.If false, wind speed = 47-54 m.p.h.
K. Are trees being broken in the forest? Is Lake Superior covered with white foam patches and very large waves? Are some hous-es coming apart?If true go to L.If false, wind speed = 55 - 63 m.p.h.
L. Is Lake Superior completely white with driving spray, vis-ibility greatly reduced, and the air around Lake Superior filled with foam?If false; wind speed = 64-72 m.p.h. If true : wind speed = 73 m.p.h. and greater.
WIND CHILL CHARTCalculated from temperature and wind speed.
This is the temperature that bare skin drops to due to the wind removing heat as it blows water off the skin. Use this chart below 40 °F.
HEAT INDEX CHARTCalculated from temperature and humidity.
This is the temperature that bare skin climbs to due to the water in the air that prevents the normal loss of heat thru perspiration. Use this chart above 70 °F.
Relative Humidity %0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
70 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 70 71 71 72
75 69 70 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
80 73 75 77 78 79 81 82 85 86 88 91
85 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 93 97 102 108
90 83 85 87 90 93 96 100 106 113 122
95 87 90 93 96 101 107 114 124 136
100 91 95 99 104 110 120 132 144
Air
Tem
pera
ture
°F
105 95 100 105 113 123 135 149
115 103 111 120 135 151
120 107 116 130 148
110 99 105 112 123 137 150
WEATHER FORECASTINGHANDBOOK
WIND DIRECTIONTo forecast temperature and precipitation.
Keep an eye on the wind direction all the time so you can notice a wind shift and therefore predict precipitation or changes in temperature.
A shift in wind direction can help forecast the weather 12 hours into the future. Use the direction the wind is coming from. The stronger the wind speed the greater the chance of change.
EAST
NORTH
SOUTH
WEST
wetdry
warmer
colder
Fore
cast
ing
hint
s:1.
Che
ck th
e w
ind
dire
ctio
n an
d ba
rom
etric
pre
ssur
e of
ten
to p
ick
up a
ny c
hang
es th
at w
ould
fore
cast
rain
or s
now
.2.
Cha
rt is
desig
ned
for c
ontin
enta
l US
and
Can
ada
and
an a
vera
ge w
ind
of 1
0 m
.p.h
.3.
Hou
rs u
ntil
wea
ther
cha
nges
are
bas
ed o
n tim
e w
ind
first
shift
s di
rect
ion.
Win
ter:
cool
ing
next
8 h
rs.
Sum
mer
: war
min
g ne
xt 8
hrs
.
Win
ter:
no c
hang
e 8
hrs.
Sum
mer
: no
chan
ge 8
hrs
.
Win
ter:
sligh
t war
min
g ne
xt 1
6 hr
s.Su
mm
er: w
arm
ing
next
16
hrs.
Win
ter:
sligh
t coo
ling
next
12
hrs.
Sum
mer
: slig
ht w
arm
ing
next
12
hrs.
Win
ter:
no c
hang
e ne
xt 1
2 hr
s.Su
mm
er: n
o ch
ange
nex
t 12
hrs.
Win
ter:
sligh
t war
min
g ne
xt 2
4 hr
s.Su
mm
er: s
light
coo
ling
next
24
hrs.
Win
ter:
dram
atic
coo
ling
next
16
hrs.
Sum
mer
: dra
mat
ic c
oolin
g ne
xt 1
6 hr
s.
Win
ter:
no c
hang
e 16
hrs
.Su
mm
er: n
o ch
ange
16
hrs.
Win
ter:
sligh
t war
min
g ne
xt 1
6 hr
s.Su
mm
er: w
arm
ing
next
16
hrs.
Win
ter:
sligh
t war
min
g ne
xt 1
2 hr
s.Su
mm
er: w
arm
ing
next
12
hrs.
Win
ter:
no c
hang
enex
t 12
hrs.
Sum
mer
: no
chan
ge n
ext 1
2 hr
s.
Win
ter:
dram
atic
coo
ling
with
in 1
2 hr
s.Su
mm
er: d
ram
atic
coo
ling
with
in 1
2 hr
s.
Win
ter:
sligh
t war
min
g ne
xt 8
hrs
.Su
mm
er: w
arm
ing
next
8 h
rs.
Win
ter:
no c
hang
e ne
xt 8
hrs
.Su
mm
er: n
o ch
ange
nex
t 8 h
rs.
Win
ter:
dram
atic
coo
ling
in 8
hrs
.Su
mm
er: d
ram
atic
coo
ling
in 8
hrs
.
Win
ter:
sligh
t war
min
g ne
xt 1
6 hr
s.Su
mm
er: w
arm
ing
nex
t 16
hrs.
Win
ter:
no c
hang
e ne
xt 1
6 hr
s.Su
mm
er: n
o ch
ange
nex
t 16
hrs.
Win
ter:
dram
atic
coo
ling
with
in 1
6 hr
s.Su
mm
er: d
ram
atic
coo
ling
with
in 1
6 hr
s.
Win
ter:
---Su
mm
er: -
---
Win
ter:n
o ch
ange
nex
t 24
hrs.
Sum
mer
: no
chan
ge n
ext 2
4 hr
s.
Win
ter:
sligh
t coo
ling
next
24
hrs.
Su
mm
er: c
oolin
g ne
xt 2
4 hr
s.
Win
ter:
-----
Sum
mer
: ----
Win
ter:
no c
hang
e ne
xt 6
hrs
.Su
mm
er: n
o ch
ange
nex
t 6 h
rs.
Win
ter:
war
min
g w
ithin
12
hrs.
Sum
mer
: dra
mat
ic w
arm
ing
with
in 1
2 hr
s.
Win
ter: s
light
cool
ing
next
36 h
rs.Su
mm
er: w
arm
ing
next
36
hrs.
Win
ter:
no c
hang
e ne
xt 8
hrs
.Su
mm
er: n
o ch
ange
nex
t 8 h
rs.
Win
ter:
cool
ing
in 1
8 hr
s.Su
mm
er: c
oolin
g ne
xt 2
4 hr
s.
Win
ter:
cool
ing
next
36
hrs.
Sum
mer
: war
min
g ne
xt 3
6 hr
s.
Win
ter:
no c
hang
e ne
xt 6
hrs
.Su
mm
er: n
o ch
ange
nex
t 6 h
rs.
Win
ter:
cool
ing
in 1
2 hr
s.Su
mm
er: c
oolin
g ne
xt 6
0 hr
s.
Win
ter:
no c
hang
e ne
xt 2
4 hr
s.Su
mm
er: s
light
war
ming
nex
t 24
hrs.
Win
ter:
no c
hang
e ne
xt 1
2 hr
s.Su
mm
er: n
o ch
ange
nex
t 12
hrs.
Win
ter:
war
min
g in
12
hrs.
Sum
mer
: coo
ling
in 1
2 hr
s.
Win
ter:
----Su
mm
er: -
---
Win
ter:
no c
hang
e ne
xt 1
2 hr
s.Su
mm
er: n
o ch
ange
nex
t 12
hrs.
Win
ter:
sligh
t coo
ling
next
18
hrs.
Sum
mer
: coo
ling
next
18
hrs.
Risin
g
Stea
dy
Falli
ng
in. H
g.29
.8or lo
wer
in. H
g.30
.20
to
29.8
0
Risin
g
Stea
dy
Falli
ng
Risin
g
Stea
dy
Falli
ng
in. H
g.30
.20
or high
er
NW
SWSE
NE
BARO
MET
ERW
IND
DIR
ECTI
ON
Cle
ar s
kies
brin
g gr
eate
r var
iatio
n be
twee
n ni
ght t
ime
low
tem
pera
ture
s an
d da
y tim
e hi
gh te
mpe
ratu
res,
than
clo
udy
skie
s. C
ompa
re la
st ni
ghts
low
te
mpe
ratu
re to
futu
re n
ight
ly lo
ws.
Com
pare
last
dayt
ime
high
tem
pera
ture
to fu
ture
day
time
high
s.
This
char
t is
base
d on
the
cool
ing
and
heat
ing
affe
cts
from
low
and
hig
h pr
essu
re s
yste
ms
pass
ing
wes
t to
east
and
the
loca
lized
effe
ct o
f Lak
e Su
perio
r.
Information based off of Weathercycler and Airguide Instument.
FORE
CAST
ING
TEM
PERA
TURE
TRE
ND
SU
sing
bar
omet
ric
pres
sure
and
win
d di
rect
ion.
Fore
cast
ing
hint
s:1.
Che
ck th
e w
ind
dire
ctio
n an
d ba
rom
etric
pre
ssur
e of
ten
to p
ick
up a
ny c
hang
es th
at w
ould
fore
cast
rain
or s
now
.2.
Cha
rt is
desig
ned
for c
ontin
enta
l US
and
Can
ada
and
an a
vera
ge w
ind
of 1
0 m
.p.h
. 3.
The
qui
cker
and
the
grea
ter t
he c
hang
e in
bar
omet
ric p
ress
ure
the
grea
ter t
he c
hanc
e of
the
fore
cast
occu
rring
.4.
Hou
rs u
ntil
wea
ther
cha
nges
are
bas
ed o
n tim
e w
ind
first
shift
s di
rect
ion.
Rain
/sno
w in
12-
24 h
rs.
Rain
/sno
w in
6 to
12
hrs.
Fair
48 h
rs.
Con
tinue
d ra
in/
snow
Fair
12-2
4 hr
s.
Con
tinue
d ra
in/s
now
or n
o ch
ange
in c
urre
nt.
Seve
re s
torm
imm
inen
t.
Cle
arin
g so
on.
Con
tinue
d th
reat
enin
g.
Cha
ngin
g w
eath
er.
Con
tinue
d fa
ir fo
r 24
hrs.
Con
tinue
d fa
ir fo
r 48
hrs.
Con
tinue
d fa
ir fo
r 24
hrs.
Rain
/sno
w in
24
to 4
8 hr
s.
Rain
/sno
w in
12
hrs.
Con
tinue
d fa
ir fo
r 12
hrs.
Con
tinue
d fa
ir fo
r 12
hrs.
Con
tinue
d fa
ir fo
r 6-1
2 hr
s.
On
days
whe
n th
e te
mpe
ratu
re ri
ses
abov
e 80
' F w
ith W
est w
ind
ther
e is
a ch
ance
of l
ocal
ized
thun
ders
torm
s no
t pro
duce
d by
a lo
w p
ress
ure
cold
fron
t.
Fair
48 h
ours
.
Thun
ders
torm
/sno
wsq
ual p
os-
sible
in 1
2-24
hrs
.
Thun
ders
torm
/sno
wsq
ual
imm
inen
t in
6-12
hrs
.
Cle
arin
g.
Rain
cle
arin
g in
12-
24 h
rs.
Heav
y rai
n/sn
ow in
6-1
2 hr
s.
Cle
ar.
No
chan
ge.
Rain
/sno
w w
ithin
12
hrs.
Cle
ar
Con
tinue
d fa
ir.
Rain
/sno
w in
24-
28 h
rs.
Cle
arin
g in
6 h
rs.
Con
tinue
d sto
rmy.
Incr
easin
g ra
in/s
no
Chart adapted from AirGuide Instrument.
Risin
g
Stea
dy
Falli
ng
in. H
g.29
.8or lo
wer
in. H
g.30
.20
to
29.8
0
Risin
g
Stea
dy
Falli
ng
Risin
g
Stea
dy
Falli
ng
in. H
g.30
.20
or high
er
NW
SWSE
NE
BARO
MET
ERW
IND
DIR
ECTI
ON
FORE
CAST
ING
RA
IN O
R SN
OW
Usi
ng b
arom
etri
c pr
essu
re a
nd w
ind
dire
ctio
n.